CN113919183A - RTDS-based method and device for simulating lightning stroke fault response characteristics of direct current control protection system - Google Patents
RTDS-based method and device for simulating lightning stroke fault response characteristics of direct current control protection system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for simulating lightning stroke fault response characteristics of a direct current control protection system based on RTDS (real time digital system), wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of setting lightning stroke faults based on RTDS and transmitting the electrical quantity in the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission system after the lightning stroke faults to a direct current control protection system through a communication module so as to observe the response characteristics of the direct current control protection system to the lightning stroke faults of a direct current line. The method comprises the steps of utilizing equivalent lightning current of a controlled current source, equivalent lightning stroke discharge channel wave impedance through a resistor connected with the controlled power source in parallel, assisting with a lightning stroke control module, realizing lightning stroke fault simulation of different lines, different positions, different trigger moments and different types, and verifying the response characteristic of a direct current control protection system under the lightning stroke fault based on a closed loop simulation platform of an RTDS and the direct current control protection system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lightning stroke simulation of an extra-high voltage direct current transmission system, and particularly relates to a method and a device for simulating lightning stroke fault response characteristics of a direct current control protection system based on RTDS.
Background
In recent years, along with the construction and operation of an extra-high voltage direct current transmission system, lightning stroke accidents often occur in operated projects, and the lightning stroke accidents have adverse effects on the stable operation of the extra-high voltage direct current transmission system. In order to research the influence of lightning stroke on an extra-high voltage direct current transmission system, particularly whether the protection misoperation of the extra-high voltage direct current transmission system can be caused or not, a large number of students simulate the influence of the lightning stroke on the protection system by designing a protection model consistent with the protection characteristic through software such as PACAD/EMTDC or ATP/EMTP.
At present, the protection model after modeling equivalence is different from a protection device adopted on site inevitably, and lightning stroke simulation based on the conventional PACAD/EMTDC platform or ATP/EMTP platform cannot realize the verification of a direct current control protection system adopted on site.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for simulating lightning stroke fault response characteristics of a direct current protection system based on RTDS (real time digital system), which are used for solving at least one of the technical problems.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a method for simulating lightning stroke fault response characteristics of a direct current control and protection system based on an RTDS (real time digital system), and the method for simulating the lightning stroke fault response characteristics of the direct current control and protection system based on the RTDS comprises the steps of setting a lightning stroke fault based on the RTDS and transmitting the electrical quantity in an extra-high voltage direct current transmission system after the lightning stroke fault to the direct current control and protection system through a communication module so as to observe the response characteristics of the direct current control and protection system to the lightning stroke fault of a direct current line, wherein the step of setting the lightning stroke fault based on the RTDS specifically comprises the following steps: 1) according to the electric power industry standard and/or solution, the simulation personnelAnalysis and research need to give lightning current parameters and lightning channel wave impedance, and a specific lightning current mathematical model is simulated according to a double-exponential function to be used as the input of a controlled current source, wherein the expression of the lightning current mathematical model is as follows:
in the formula (I), wherein,
is a correction factor for the amplitude of the lightning current,
is the amplitude of the lightning current,
、
respectively a wavefront coefficient and a wave tail coefficient,
the lightning strike action time; 2) controlling the output conditions of an SWP switch, an SWN switch, an SWR switch, an SWPP switch, an SWNN switch, an SWPP1 switch and an SWNN1 switch based on the electric transient state quantity in the lightning stroke simulation process to simulate different lightning stroke types, and controlling the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between two ends of an insulator and the volt-second characteristic of the insulator
Whether a cross point is related to whether the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch is closed or not is determined, so that the insulator flashover when the counterattack occurs is controlled by controlling the on-off of the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch, wherein the volt-second characteristic of the insulator is calculated
The expression of (a) is:
in the formula (I), wherein,
the action time of the lightning stroke is the action time of the lightning stroke,
is the insulator string length; 3) dividing a certain line into a first section of line and a second section of line, wherein the first section of line and the second section of line are both formed by two towers and one section of line, the middle of the first section of line and the second section of line are connected by adopting a wire, a preset lightning stroke model is connected on the wire, and the position of the lightning stroke model connected on the wire is correspondingly changed by respectively setting the lengths of the first section of line and the second section of line, wherein the preset lightning stroke model comprises the lightning current mathematical model; 4) sending out high level when the A phase voltage signal of the power supply at the rectification side crosses zero; the high level is kept for 0.025s through a rising edge trigger, so that a zero crossing point signal triggers the high level at the nearest zero crossing point through an AND gate; setting a delay angle, converting the input angle into corresponding delay time through angle conversion gain, and using the delay time as high-level holding time of a rising edge trigger to simulate different phase angles to trigger lightning stroke; the high hold times of the falling edges are input to simulate different lightning stroke durations.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an RTDS-based lightning stroke fault response characteristic simulation apparatus for a dc protection system, which includes a setting unit configured to set a lightning stroke fault based on RTDS and a transmitting unit configured to transmit an electrical quantity in an extra-high voltage dc transmission system after the lightning stroke fault to the dc protection system so as to observe a response characteristic of the dc protection system to the lightning stroke fault of a dc link, where the setting unit includes: the lightning current waveform control module is configured to allow a simulator to give lightning current parameters and lightning channel wave impedance according to the requirements of electric power industry standards and/or analytic research, and simulate a specific lightning current mathematical model as the input of a controlled current source according to a double-exponential function, wherein the expression of the lightning current mathematical model is as follows:
in the formula (I), wherein,
is a correction factor for the amplitude of the lightning current,
is the amplitude of the lightning current,
、
respectively a wavefront coefficient and a wave tail coefficient,
the lightning strike action time; the lightning type control module is configured to control the output conditions of the SWP switch, the SWN switch, the SWR switch, the SWPP switch, the SWNN switch, the SWPP1 switch and the SWNN1 switch based on the electrical transient state quantity in the lightning simulation process to perform different lightning types, and the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between two ends of the insulator and the volt-second characteristic of the insulator
Whether a cross point is related to whether the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch is closed or not is determined, so that the insulator flashover when the counterattack occurs is controlled by controlling the on-off of the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch, wherein the volt-second characteristic of the insulator is calculated
The expression of (a) is:
in the formula (I), wherein,
the action time of the lightning stroke is the action time of the lightning stroke,
is the insulator string length; the lightning stroke position control module is configured to divide a certain line into a first section of line and a second section of line, the first section of line and the second section of line are both formed by two towers and one section of line, the middle of the first section of line and the second section of line are connected by adopting a wire, a preset lightning stroke model is connected on the wire, and the position of the lightning stroke model connected on the wire is correspondingly changed by respectively setting the lengths of the first section of line and the second section of line, wherein the preset lightning stroke model comprises the lightning current mathematical model; the lightning stroke time control module is configured to send out a high level when an A phase voltage signal of the power supply on the rectifying side crosses a zero point; the high level is kept for 0.025s through a rising edge trigger, so that a zero crossing point signal triggers the high level at the nearest zero crossing point through an AND gate; setting a delay angle, converting the input angle into corresponding delay time through angle conversion gain, and using the delay time as high-level holding time of a rising edge trigger to simulate different phase angles to trigger lightning stroke; the high hold times of the falling edges are input to simulate different lightning stroke durations.
According to the method and the device for simulating the lightning stroke fault response characteristics of the direct current protection system based on the RTDS, the lightning stroke fault is set in the RTDS, the system electrical quantity after the fault is transmitted to the protection control system completely consistent with the engineering field configuration through the communication module, the response characteristics of the protection control system actually adopted in the field after the lightning stroke fault can be directly verified, and compared with the method for establishing a protection control system model by adopting a PACAD/EMTDC platform or an ATP/EMTP platform in the prior art, the method and the device are higher in reliability and easier to realize.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for simulating lightning stroke fault response characteristics of a dc protection system based on RTDS according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a lightning stroke fault response characteristic simulation method of a DC protection system based on RTDS according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a lightning strike model provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulation circuit for controlling lightning current waveform according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a simulation circuit for lightning strike type selection provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram of an insulator flashover model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a simulation circuit for lightning strike line location control according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a simulation circuit for lightning strike moment control according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a block diagram of a structure of a lightning stroke fault response characteristic simulation apparatus of a dc protection system based on RTDS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a method for simulating lightning stroke fault response characteristics of an RTDS-based dc protection system according to the present application is shown.
As shown in fig. 1, in step S101, a lightning strike fault is set based on RTDS;
in step S102, the electrical quantity in the extra-high voltage dc power transmission system after the lightning stroke fault is transmitted to the dc protection system through the communication module, so as to observe the response characteristic of the dc protection system to the lightning stroke fault of the dc link.
In the method of the embodiment, the RTDS (real Time Digital simulator) is used as an advanced simulation platform, and has excellent semi-physical simulation capability, the capacity of the established model node is large, the simulation step length can be less than 5us, by setting a lightning stroke fault in the RTDS and transmitting the electrical quantity of the system after the fault to the control and protection system completely consistent with the configuration of the engineering field through the communication module, the response characteristic of the control and protection system actually adopted in the field after the lightning stroke fault can be directly verified, compared with the method for establishing the control and protection system model by adopting a PACAD/EMTDC platform or an ATP/EMTP platform in the prior art, the reliability is higher, and the implementation method is easier.
Referring to fig. 2, a flowchart of a method for simulating lightning stroke fault response characteristics of an RTDS-based dc protection system according to the present application is shown. The flow chart is mainly a flow chart of further defined steps for the case of "setting lightning strike fault based on RTDS" step S101.
As shown in fig. 2, the RTDS-based lightning strike simulation method for the extra-high voltage direct current transmission line specifically includes the following steps:
step S201, according to the standard of the power industry and/or the analysis research, a simulator gives lightning current parameters and lightning channel wave impedance, and simulates a specific lightning current mathematical model as the input of a controlled current source according to a double-exponential function.
In this embodiment, the lightning strike model mainly includes a lightning current mathematical model using a controlled current source equivalent and a tower model based on multi-wave impedance.
Simulating a specific lightning current waveform by adopting a double-exponential function as the input of a controlled current source, wherein the expression of the lightning current waveform is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a correction factor for the amplitude of the lightning current,
is the amplitude of the lightning current,
、
respectively a wavefront coefficient and a wave tail coefficient,
is as follows.
Specifically, several common lightning waveform parameters are shown in table 1:
as shown in fig. 3, the LIGHT _ CUR _ CONTROL (lightning current CONTROL) is used to generate the required lightning wave, the lightning wave is input into the controlled current source, according to DL/T620-1997, the wave impedance of the lightning channel is taken as 300 Ω, and the wave impedance of the discharge channel is simulated by connecting the resistors of 300 Ω in parallel; different types of lightning strokes are simulated by controlling the opening and closing of the circuit breaker; the tower model is calculated based on a multi-wave impedance method, the tower is segmented, each segment comprises a main body or a support part, and the wave impedance calculation formula of the main body part is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the wave impedance of a certain section of the main body part in the tower,
the ground height of a certain section of main body part in the tower,
the equivalent radius of a certain section of main body part in the tower;
the calculation formula of the partial wave impedance of the stent is as follows:
。
as shown in FIG. 4, the ENBL signal is provided to the RST port of the TIME block through the NOT gate to obtain the TIME using the double exponential function
(ii) a Setting by sliding slider ALPHA and slider BELTA
The TIME between the value and the output of TIME module after the value is-1
Constructed by means of multipliers
As a
The input and output of the module are
And
(ii) a Setting correction coefficients of different lightning waves through a sliding slide AMEND; the amplitude of the lightning current waveform is set by a slider LCAMP, multiplied by a gain block with a value of 1000 and a correction coefficient by a multiplier, and the output is
The value is then passed through a multiplier and the output of the preceding stage respectively
And
multiplying, and finally constructing by a subtracter
As one input of the signal selector; when the fault is not triggered, the ENBL signal is set to 0, the RST signal of the TIME module is set to 1, the output TIME t is always 0, the selection A signal of the signal selector is used as the input of the signal selector, and the LIGHT _ CUR is 0; when lightning stroke is triggered, the ENBL signal is set to be 1, the RST signal of the TIME module is set to be 0, the TIME t which is larger than zero is output by taking the fault triggering moment as zero moment, the signal selector takes the B signal as the input of the signal selector, and the LGITH _ CUR is equal to the generated LGITH _ CUR
。
According to the method, the lightning stroke action TIME t which is output by the TIME module and takes the fault triggering as the zero moment is utilized, the parameter of the lightning stroke initial moment is not required to be revised every TIME, and compared with the prior art that the lightning stroke action TIME is required to be readjusted every TIME, the lightning current is generated more conveniently.
Step S202, controlling the output conditions of the SWP switch, the SWN switch, the SWR switch, the SWPP switch, the SWNN switch, the SWPP1 switch and the SWNN1 switch based on the electrical transient state quantity in the lightning stroke simulation process to simulate different lightning stroke types, and controlling the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between two ends of the insulator and the volt-second characteristic of the insulator
Whether the intersection point is related to whether the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch is closed or not is controlled, so that the insulator flashover when the counterattack occurs is controlled by controlling the on-off of the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, ENBL is a lightning strike trigger signal, and different lightning strike types are simulated by combining the switching of the SWP switch, the SWN switch, the SWR switch, the SWPP switch, the SWNN switch, the SWPP1 switch, and the SWNN1 switch, the insulator flashover model BRKP, and the insulator flashover model BRKN. Connecting the ENBL with the switch signal through an AND gate to generate a circuit breaker signal for controlling the circuit breaker to be consistent with the switch name; the SWPP1 switch and the SWNN1 switch are connected with the BRKP and the BRKN in series, and the on-off of the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch is controlled to control the insulator flashover when counterattack occurs; the insulator flashover model is based on an intersection method, namely, the voltage at two ends of the insulator is intersected with the amplitude-second characteristic of the insulator, and the insulator is subjected to flashover.
As shown in fig. 6, taking an insulator connected to a positive line as an example, potentials UN1 and UN2 at two ends of the insulator are obtained by measurement, a voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator is obtained by a subtracter, and the voltage difference is compared with an amplitude-second characteristic curve of the insulator to generate a signal for controlling BRKP; the flashover voltage calculation formula of the insulator string of the ultra-high voltage alternating current and direct current transmission line is as follows:
in the formula (I), wherein,
in order to prolong the action time of the overvoltage,
for insulator chain length, the value is 10.8m, and its implementation mode is: obtaining overvoltage action TIME in a formula by utilizing a TIME module taking lightning stroke triggering TIME as zero TIME, and enabling the overvoltage action TIME
As X, Y =0.75 is set by
Calculate out
(ii) a Multiplying a floating point number module with a value of 10.8 by an integer module with a value of 710 through a multiplier, and dividing the value by a divider
And the insulator flashover voltage is constructed by the numerical value obtained by multiplying the numerical value by a floating point number module with the value of 10.8 and an integer module with the value of 400 through a multiplier and an adder; and according to the requirements of different lightning stroke types, different switches are switched to realize the simulation of different lightning stroke types of positive and negative electrode circuits.
The corresponding relation between the lightning stroke simulation condition and the switch state is shown in table 2:
the method of the embodiment can simulate the lightning faults of different types through reasonable simplification processing and through the closing and opening of the switch.
Step S203, a certain line is divided into a first section of line and a second section of line, the first section of line and the second section of line are both composed of two towers and one section of line, the middle of the first section of line and the middle of the second section of line are connected through a wire, a preset lightning stroke model is connected to the wire, the position of the lightning stroke model connected to the wire is correspondingly changed by respectively setting the lengths of the first section of line and the second section of line, and the preset lightning stroke model comprises the lightning current mathematical model.
In this embodiment, in order to achieve lightning stroke simulation for different positions of the same line. The specific implementation is that the line is divided into two sections, each section is composed of two towers and one section of line, the middle of the section is connected with the middle of the section by adopting a lead, and the lead is connected with a lightning stroke module. The length is set to $ TLLEN in a line parameter setting interface, the lengths of two sections of lines are respectively set to $ TLLEN multiplied by var% and $ TLLEN multiplied by (100-var)% for calculation, wherein var% is the length percentage of the line output by the sliding block TTLEN, the length of the two sections of lines is further controlled, and the position of a lightning stroke model correspondingly connected to a lead between the two sections of lines is changed along with the variation of the lightning stroke model, so that the lightning stroke simulation of different positions of the lines is realized. As shown in FIG. 7, the control of the lightning stroke position is realized by sliding the TTLEN slider, and the value can slide between 0 and 100; the value set in the figure is 50, i.e. the two lines are equal in length, and the lightning strike occurs at the midpoint of the line.
In the method of this embodiment, an RTDS (Real Time Digital Simulator) is used to directly control the lengths of two segments of lines through a slider TTLEN, so as to more simply and conveniently realize lightning stroke simulation at different positions of the lines.
Step S204, sending out a high level when the voltage signal of the power supply A phase on the rectifying side crosses the zero point; the high level is kept for 0.025s through a rising edge trigger, so that a zero crossing point signal triggers the high level at the nearest zero crossing point through an AND gate; setting a delay angle, converting the input angle into corresponding delay time through angle conversion gain, and using the delay time as high-level holding time of a rising edge trigger to simulate different phase angles to trigger lightning stroke; the high hold times of the falling edges are input to simulate different lightning stroke durations.
In the embodiment, by detecting the power supply side zero crossing point signal, a required trigger angle is set to trigger the lightning module to discharge. As shown in fig. 8, S1UA is a voltage signal of the rectified side power supply a phase, and the comparison and determination module compares S1UA with 0, and sends out a high level when S1UA crosses zero; triggering a lightning stroke signal through a LIGHT _ ENB button, keeping a high level for 0.025s through a rising edge trigger with a value of 0.025, and triggering the high level at the nearest zero crossing point through an and gate together with a zero crossing point signal; setting a delay angle by adjusting a LIGHT _ PHA sliding block, converting an input angle into corresponding delay time through an angle conversion gain with a value of 55.5e-6, and using the delay time as high-level holding time of a rising edge trigger to simulate different phase angles to trigger lightning stroke; the high level holding TIME of the falling edge of the input of the LIGHT _ DUR slider is adjusted to simulate different lightning stroke duration, and the output ENBL of the LIGHT _ DUR slider is simultaneously used for RST signals of a TIME module in a lightning current waveform control module, selection enabling signals of the LIGHT _ CUR and trigger signals in a line control module.
The method of the embodiment can realize lightning strike triggering under different fault initial angles, can more accurately research the influence of the lightning strike on the control and protection system under different fault angles, and can realize that the TIME output is always 0 when the lightning strike is not triggered and the lightning strike action TIME is output by taking the lightning strike triggering TIME as the zero TIME by utilizing the TIME module containing the RST port in the RTDS and connecting the ENBL with the TIME module through the NOT gate without additional operation, so that the method is used for subsequent lightning current waveforms and insulator flashover models, and is simpler and more convenient without readjusting corresponding parameters during each experiment.
In summary, the method of the present application can achieve the following technical effects:
1) the method comprises the following steps of simulating lightning current waveforms of different lines, different positions, different trigger moments and different lightning currents by utilizing a controlled current source equivalent lightning current, a resistor equivalent lightning stroke discharge channel wave impedance connected with a controlled power source in parallel and a lightning stroke control module;
2) the opening and closing of the circuit breaker are controlled by using a switch and a fault trigger signal through an AND gate, so that different lightning stroke types are controlled;
3) the lightning stroke module is connected to the wire between the two sections by dividing one line into the two sections, and the length of the two sections of lines is controlled by the sliding block, so that lightning strokes are generated at different positions of the same line;
4) the zero crossing point moment of the voltage is detected by comparing the phase of the voltage with the phase of the A phase voltage at the rectification side, and a lightning stroke signal is triggered by a button; different phase triggering is realized by setting the required phase and duration;
5) and controlling the TIME module output TIME through a lightning stroke trigger signal, setting different lightning current parameters through a sliding block by taking the lightning stroke trigger TIME as zero TIME, and finally realizing the required lightning waveform through corresponding operation and using the lightning waveform as the input of the controlled current source.
Please refer to fig. 9, which shows a block diagram of a lightning stroke fault response characteristic simulation apparatus of an RTDS-based dc protection system according to the present application.
As shown in fig. 9, the lightning stroke fault response characteristic simulation apparatus 300 of the dc protection system includes a setting unit 310 and a conveying unit 320. Wherein the setting unit 310 includes:
the lightning current waveform control module is configured to allow a simulator to give lightning current parameters and lightning channel wave impedance according to the requirements of electric power industry standards and/or analytic research, and simulate a specific lightning current mathematical model as the input of a controlled current source according to a double-exponential function, wherein the expression of the lightning current mathematical model is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a correction factor for the amplitude of the lightning current,
is the amplitude of the lightning current,
、
respectively a wavefront coefficient and a wave tail coefficient,
the lightning strike action time;
the lightning type control module is configured to control the output conditions of the SWP switch, the SWN switch, the SWR switch, the SWPP switch, the SWNN switch, the SWPP1 switch and the SWNN1 switch based on the electrical transient state quantity in the lightning simulation process to perform different lightning types, and the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between two ends of the insulator and the volt-second characteristic of the insulator
Whether a cross point is related to whether the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch is closed or not is determined, so that the insulator flashover when the counterattack occurs is controlled by controlling the on-off of the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch, wherein the volt-second characteristic of the insulator is calculated
The expression of (a) is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the action time of the lightning stroke is the action time of the lightning stroke,
is the insulator string length;
the lightning stroke position control module is configured to divide a certain line into a first section of line and a second section of line, the first section of line and the second section of line are both formed by two towers and one section of line, the middle of the first section of line and the second section of line are connected by adopting a wire, a preset lightning stroke model is connected on the wire, and the position of the lightning stroke model connected on the wire is correspondingly changed by respectively setting the lengths of the first section of line and the second section of line, wherein the preset lightning stroke model comprises the lightning current mathematical model;
the lightning stroke time control module is configured to send out a high level when an A phase voltage signal of the power supply on the rectifying side crosses a zero point; the high level is kept for 0.025s through a rising edge trigger, so that a zero crossing point signal triggers the high level at the nearest zero crossing point through an AND gate; setting a delay angle, converting the input angle into corresponding delay time through angle conversion gain, and using the delay time as high-level holding time of a rising edge trigger to simulate different phase angles to trigger lightning stroke; the high hold times of the falling edges are input to simulate different lightning stroke durations.
It should be understood that the modules recited in fig. 9 correspond to various steps in the method described with reference to fig. 2. Thus, the operations and features described above for the method and the corresponding technical effects are also applicable to the modules in fig. 9, and are not described again here.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for simulating lightning stroke fault response characteristics of a direct current protection system based on RTDS is characterized by comprising the steps of setting lightning stroke faults based on RTDS and transmitting electric quantity in an extra-high voltage direct current transmission system after the lightning stroke faults to the direct current protection system through a communication module so as to observe the response characteristics of the direct current protection system to the lightning stroke faults of a direct current line, wherein the step of setting the lightning stroke faults based on RTDS specifically comprises the following steps:
1) according to the standard and/or analytic research of the power industry, a simulator needs to give lightning current parameters and lightning channel wave impedance, and simulates a specific lightning current mathematical model as the input of a controlled current source according to a double-exponential function, wherein the expression of the lightning current mathematical model is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a correction factor for the amplitude of the lightning current,
is the amplitude of the lightning current,
、
respectively a wavefront coefficient and a wave tail coefficient,
the lightning strike action time;
2) controlling the output conditions of an SWP switch, an SWN switch, an SWR switch, an SWPP switch, an SWNN switch, an SWPP1 switch and an SWNN1 switch based on the electric transient state quantity in the lightning stroke simulation process to simulate different lightning stroke types, and controlling the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between two ends of an insulator and the volt-second characteristic of the insulator
Whether a cross point is related to whether the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch is closed or not is determined, so that the insulator flashover when the counterattack occurs is controlled by controlling the on-off of the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch, wherein the volt-second characteristic of the insulator is calculated
The expression of (a) is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the action time of the lightning stroke is the action time of the lightning stroke,
is the insulator string length;
3) dividing a certain line into a first section of line and a second section of line, wherein the first section of line and the second section of line are both formed by two towers and one section of line, the middle of the first section of line and the second section of line are connected by adopting a wire, a preset lightning stroke model is connected on the wire, and the position of the lightning stroke model connected on the wire is correspondingly changed by respectively setting the lengths of the first section of line and the second section of line, wherein the preset lightning stroke model comprises the lightning current mathematical model;
4) sending out high level when the A phase voltage signal of the power supply at the rectification side crosses zero; the high level is kept for 0.025s through a rising edge trigger, so that a zero crossing point signal triggers the high level at the nearest zero crossing point through an AND gate; setting a delay angle, converting the input angle into corresponding delay time through angle conversion gain, and using the delay time as high-level holding time of a rising edge trigger to simulate different phase angles to trigger lightning stroke; the high hold times of the falling edges are input to simulate different lightning stroke durations.
2. The RTDS-based direct current control protection system lightning stroke fault response characteristic simulation method according to claim 1, wherein the lightning current parameters comprise a correction coefficient of a lightning current amplitude, a wave front coefficient and a wave tail coefficient; the lightning channel wave impedance takes 300 omega.
3. The RTDS-based method for simulating lightning stroke fault response characteristics of a dc protection system according to claim 1, wherein the controlling the output conditions of the SWP switch, the SWN switch, the SWR switch, the SWPP switch, the SWNN switch, the SWPP1 switch and the SWNN1 switch based on the electrical transient in the lightning stroke simulation process to simulate different lightning stroke types specifically comprises:
the SWP switch is closed or the SWN switch is closed, and the SWR switch, the SWPP switch, the SWNN switch, the SWPP1 switch and the SWNN1 switch are opened, so that a non-fault shielding failure mode is realized;
the SWP switch and the SWPP switch are closed or the SWN switch and the SWNN switch are closed, and the SWPP1 switch and the SWNN1 switch are opened, so that a fault shielding failure mode is realized;
the SWR switch is closed, the SWPP1 switch is closed or the SWNN1 is closed, and the SWP switch, the SWPP switch, the SWN switch and the SWNN switch are opened, so that the backstroke mode is realized.
4. The RTDS-based direct current control protection system lightning stroke fault response characteristic simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that a preset lightning stroke model further comprises a tower model, the tower model comprises a main body sub-model and a support sub-model, and a wave impedance calculation expression of the main body sub-model is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the wave impedance of a certain section of the main body part in the tower,
the ground height of a certain section of main body part in the tower,
the equivalent radius of a certain section of main body part in the tower;
the wave impedance calculation expression of the support submodel is as follows:
；
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the wave impedance of a certain section of the support part in the tower.
5. The device for simulating the lightning stroke fault response characteristics of the direct current protection system based on the RTDS is characterized by comprising a setting unit, a transmission unit and a control unit, wherein the setting unit is configured to set a lightning stroke fault and transmit the electric quantity in the extra-high voltage direct current transmission system after the lightning stroke fault to the direct current protection system so as to observe the response characteristics of the direct current protection system to the lightning stroke fault of a direct current line, and the setting unit comprises:
the lightning current waveform control module is configured to allow a simulator to give lightning current parameters and lightning channel wave impedance according to the requirements of electric power industry standards and/or analytic research, and simulate a specific lightning current mathematical model as the input of a controlled current source according to a double-exponential function, wherein the expression of the lightning current mathematical model is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a correction factor for the amplitude of the lightning current,
is the amplitude of the lightning current,
、
respectively a wavefront coefficient and a wave tail coefficient,
the lightning strike action time;
the lightning type control module is configured to control the output conditions of the SWP switch, the SWN switch, the SWR switch, the SWPP switch, the SWNN switch, the SWPP1 switch and the SWNN1 switch based on the electrical transient state quantity in the lightning simulation process to perform different lightning types, and the absolute value of the real-time voltage difference between two ends of the insulator and the volt-second characteristic of the insulator
Whether a cross point is related to whether the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch is closed or not is determined, so that the insulator flashover when the counterattack occurs is controlled by controlling the on-off of the SWPP1 switch or the SWNN1 switch, wherein the volt-second characteristic of the insulator is calculated
The expression of (a) is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the action time of the lightning stroke is the action time of the lightning stroke,
is the insulator string length;
the lightning stroke position control module is configured to divide a certain line into a first section of line and a second section of line, the first section of line and the second section of line are both formed by two towers and one section of line, the middle of the first section of line and the second section of line are connected by adopting a wire, a preset lightning stroke model is connected on the wire, and the position of the lightning stroke model connected on the wire is correspondingly changed by respectively setting the lengths of the first section of line and the second section of line, wherein the preset lightning stroke model comprises the lightning current mathematical model;
the lightning stroke time control module is configured to send out a high level when an A phase voltage signal of the power supply on the rectifying side crosses a zero point; the high level is kept for 0.025s through a rising edge trigger, so that a zero crossing point signal triggers the high level at the nearest zero crossing point through an AND gate; setting a delay angle, converting the input angle into corresponding delay time through angle conversion gain, and using the delay time as high-level holding time of a rising edge trigger to simulate different phase angles to trigger lightning stroke; the high hold times of the falling edges are input to simulate different lightning stroke durations.
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