CN113917222A - Method for calculating overload current of direct current brushless motor and protection device - Google Patents

Method for calculating overload current of direct current brushless motor and protection device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113917222A
CN113917222A CN202111191033.5A CN202111191033A CN113917222A CN 113917222 A CN113917222 A CN 113917222A CN 202111191033 A CN202111191033 A CN 202111191033A CN 113917222 A CN113917222 A CN 113917222A
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Prior art keywords
current
brushless motor
direct current
samples
brushless
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Pending
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CN202111191033.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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吴铁山
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Wuxi Jintian Electronics Co ltd
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Wuxi Jintian Electronics Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111191033.5A priority Critical patent/CN113917222A/en
Publication of CN113917222A publication Critical patent/CN113917222A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16528Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values using digital techniques or performing arithmetic operations
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/25Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/085Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
    • H02H7/0854Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load responsive to rate of change of current, couple or speed, e.g. anti-kickback protection

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for calculating overload current of a direct current brushless motor, which specifically comprises the following steps: s1: collecting a current data samples; s2: randomly selecting b samples from the collected current data samples; s3: sorting the randomly selected current data samples according to the current magnitude; s4: c samples with the largest current are removed from the sorted current data samples; s5: taking d samples with the largest current from the rest sorted current data samples; s6: the current average of d samples is calculated. The invention has the advantages of accurately calculating the overload current of the DC brushless motor, effectively exerting the performance of the DC brushless motor and effectively starting the overload protection function.

Description

Method for calculating overload current of direct current brushless motor and protection device
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of direct current brushless motors, in particular to a method for calculating overload current of a direct current brushless motor and a protection device.
Background art:
a dc brushless motor is a device that converts dc electrical energy into mechanical energy. The dc brushless motor is classified into a dc brushless motor and a dc brush motor. The brushless DC motor is based on a power switch technology and a permanent magnet synchronization technology, uses a Hall sensor to transmit the position of a rotor, has no brush, no interface and no noise, has long service life, and is widely used.
In order to prevent the damage of the dc brushless motor caused by the excessive current, an overload protection function is generally added, and when a certain current (overload current) is exceeded, the power supply is cut off to protect the dc brushless motor from being damaged. How to determine the appropriate overload current and effectively start the overload protection function when the overload current is exceeded is an important index for discriminating the quality of the direct current brushless motor.
The determination of the overload current is crucial, the performance of the dc brushless motor is affected when the value of the overload current is too low, and the dc brushless motor may be damaged directly when the overload protection function is not started when the value of the overload current is too high. At present, the determination of the overload current is to block the motor (in the process of rotating the motor, the motor is forced to stop rotating by using an obstacle), manually measure the current of the motor in the blocked state, and determine the current as the overload current. In practice, since the current when the motor is locked is fluctuated and unstable, the overload current determined by the measurement is inaccurate and often cannot be predicted.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for calculating the overload current of a direct current brushless motor, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting a current data samples;
s2: randomly selecting b samples from the collected current data samples;
s3: sorting the randomly selected current data samples according to the current magnitude;
s4: c samples with the largest current are removed from the sorted current data samples;
s5: taking d samples with the largest current from the rest sorted current data samples;
s6: calculating the current average value of the d samples;
and step S1, collecting a current in a locked-rotor state of the dc brushless motor.
Further, the current collected in step S1 may be the current collected from the same dc brushless motor, or may be the current collected from a plurality of dc brushless motors.
Further, said a > b > c.
Further, the a > b > d.
Further, d > c.
The invention also provides an overload protection device of the direct current brushless motor, which comprises the following steps: the direct current brushless motor power supply comprises a power supply inlet and a power supply outlet, wherein the power supply inlet is connected with a direct current power supply, the power supply outlet is connected with a direct current brushless motor, and a relay is arranged between the power supply inlet and the power supply outlet; a current sensor is arranged between a power outlet and the relay, and the current of the direct current brushless motor at the power outlet is collected; the device also comprises a microprocessor; the microprocessor is electrically connected with the current sensor and the relay respectively; the microprocessor stores a preset current threshold value and preset time, can receive the current value of the direct current brushless motor collected by the current sensor, compares the received current value with the preset current threshold value, and controls the disconnection of the relay when the received current value is continuously higher than the preset current threshold value within a preset time period.
Further, the preset current threshold is a current value obtained by the method for calculating the overload current of the dc brushless motor.
The invention also provides a detection method of the overload protection device of the DC brushless motor, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s' 1: switching on a power supply of the direct current brushless motor to enable the direct current brushless motor to work normally;
s' 2: stopping the direct current brushless motor from rotating by using the obstacle;
s' 3: the locked rotor time lasts for 5 seconds;
s' 4: whether the direct current brushless motor stops working or not, if the direct current brushless motor stops working, the overload protection device is started normally, and the judgment is qualified; if the direct current brushless motor does not stop working, the overload protection device is not normally started, and the judgment is unqualified.
Compared with the prior art, the method for calculating the overload current of the brushless direct current motor collects the currents of a plurality of motors in a locked-rotor state, randomly selects the currents from the currents, eliminates abnormal currents, and then calculates the average current value, so that the method has the advantages of accurately calculating the overload current of the brushless direct current motor, effectively exerting the performance of the brushless direct current motor and effectively starting an overload protection function.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating steps of an overload current calculation method for a brushless DC motor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an overload protection apparatus for a brushless DC motor according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation principle of the overload protection apparatus for a brushless DC motor according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating steps of a detection method of an overload protection apparatus for a dc brushless motor according to the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for calculating the overcurrent of the dc brushless motor according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1: accessing a porphyry industrial personal computer: AIMC-3200-00A1E + PCIE1816 acquisition card, sampling rate setting: 100KHz, electrifying the brushless DC motor and making it work normally, then blocking the brushless DC motor with an obstacle (wooden stick) to stop rotating, collecting 50000 current data samples under the blocking state, wherein the 50000 current data samples can be collected from the same motor or from the same motor
Collecting from different motors;
s2: 10000 samples are randomly selected from 50000 collected current data samples;
s3: the 10000 randomly selected current data samples are sorted according to the current;
s4: eliminating 500 samples with the largest current from the 10000 current data samples which are sorted;
s5: taking 1000 samples with the largest current from the remaining 9500 sorted current data samples;
s6: and calculating the average value of the current of 1000 samples, wherein the average value is the overload current of the direct current brushless motor.
The calculation method samples in a large range, randomly samples, eliminates abnormal data, and then calculates average data, so that the overload current obtained by the calculation method is more accurate, the performance of the direct current brushless motor can be better exerted, overload protection can be correctly started, and the direct current brushless motor is protected from overcurrent damage.
The invention also provides a direct current brushless motor overload protection device, as shown in fig. 2, which comprises a power supply inlet and a power supply outlet, wherein the power supply inlet is connected with a direct current power supply, the power supply outlet is connected with a direct current brushless motor, and a relay is arranged between the power supply inlet and the power supply outlet; a current sensor is arranged between a power outlet and the relay, and the current of the direct current brushless motor at the power outlet is collected; the device also comprises a microprocessor; the microprocessor is electrically connected with the current sensor and the relay respectively; the microprocessor stores a preset current threshold value and preset time, can receive the current value of the direct current brushless motor collected by the current sensor, compares the received current value with the preset current threshold value, and controls the disconnection of the relay when the received current value is continuously higher than the preset current threshold value within a preset time period. The preset current threshold is a current value obtained by the method for calculating the overload current of the brushless direct current motor.
The working principle is as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, a preset time is first set on the microprocessor, a current threshold is preset, the preset time is generally set for 5 seconds, if the preset time is less than 5 seconds, a current data false alarm may occur to cause a false start overload protection, which affects the use of the dc brushless motor, and generally, the dc brushless motor is not damaged under 5 seconds of overload current; if the time exceeds 5 seconds, the direct current brushless motor is damaged under the overload current, so 5 seconds are generally selected in the industry to avoid false alarm and avoid damage to the motor. When the brushless direct current motor works, the current sensor continuously detects the current of the brushless direct current motor, the microprocessor acquires the current value acquired by the current sensor and judges whether the current value is greater than a preset current threshold value or not, if the current value is continuously higher than the preset current threshold value within a 5-second time period, the microprocessor sends a disconnection signal to the relay, the relay cuts off a power supply, and the brushless direct current motor stops working.
In order to detect the reliability of the overload protection device of the dc brushless motor, when the dc brushless motor provided with the overload protection device leaves the factory, it is generally required to detect whether the overload protection device can normally work, therefore, the invention also provides a detection method of the overload protection device of the dc brushless motor: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s' 1: switching on a power supply of the direct current brushless motor to enable the direct current brushless motor to work normally;
s' 2: stopping the dc brushless motor using obstacles such as: blocking the DC brushless motor by a wooden stick to prevent the DC brushless motor from rotating;
s' 3: the locked rotor time lasts for 5 seconds;
s' 4: if the direct current brushless motor stops working, if the direct current brushless motor automatically cuts off a power supply to stop working, the overload protection device is started normally, and the judgment is qualified; if the direct current brushless motor does not cut off the power supply and does not stop working, the overload protection device is not normally started, and the judgment is unqualified.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. The method for calculating the overload current of the brushless direct current motor is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting a current data samples;
s2: randomly selecting b samples from the collected current data samples;
s3: sorting the randomly selected current data samples according to the current magnitude;
s4: c samples with the largest current are removed from the sorted current data samples;
s5: taking d samples with the largest current from the rest sorted current data samples;
s6: calculating the current average value of the d samples;
and step S1, collecting a current in a locked-rotor state of the dc brushless motor.
2. The dc brushless motor overcurrent calculation method according to claim 1, wherein: the current collected in step S1 may be the current collected from the same dc brushless motor, or the current collected from multiple dc brushless motors.
3. The dc brushless motor overcurrent calculation method according to claim 1, wherein: the a > b > c.
4. The dc brushless motor overcurrent calculation method according to claim 1, wherein: the a > b > d.
5. The dc brushless motor overcurrent calculation method according to claim 1, wherein: the d > c.
6. Overload protection device of DC brushless motor: including power entry and power outlet, power entry connects DC power supply, and power outlet connects DC brushless motor, its characterized in that: a relay is arranged between the power supply inlet and the power supply outlet; a current sensor is arranged between a power outlet and the relay, and the current of the direct current brushless motor at the power outlet is collected; the device also comprises a microprocessor; the microprocessor is electrically connected with the current sensor and the relay respectively; the microprocessor stores a preset current threshold value and preset time, can receive the current value of the direct current brushless motor collected by the current sensor, compares the received current value with the preset current threshold value, and controls the disconnection of the relay when the received current value is continuously higher than the preset current threshold value within a preset time period.
7. The overload protection device for the brushless DC motor according to claim 6, wherein: the preset current threshold is a current value obtained by the dc brushless motor overcurrent calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. The method for detecting the overload protection device of the brushless dc motor according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s' 1: switching on a power supply of the direct current brushless motor to enable the direct current brushless motor to work normally;
s' 2: stopping the direct current brushless motor from rotating by using the obstacle;
s' 3: the locked rotor time lasts for 5 seconds;
s' 4: whether the direct current brushless motor stops working or not, if the direct current brushless motor stops working, the overload protection device is started normally, and the judgment is qualified; if the direct current brushless motor does not stop working, the overload protection device is not normally started, and the judgment is unqualified.
CN202111191033.5A 2021-10-13 2021-10-13 Method for calculating overload current of direct current brushless motor and protection device Pending CN113917222A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111191033.5A CN113917222A (en) 2021-10-13 2021-10-13 Method for calculating overload current of direct current brushless motor and protection device

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111191033.5A CN113917222A (en) 2021-10-13 2021-10-13 Method for calculating overload current of direct current brushless motor and protection device

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CN113917222A true CN113917222A (en) 2022-01-11

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CN112710938A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-04-27 郑州嘉晨电器有限公司 Overload judgment method for triode inductive load circuit
CN113094899A (en) * 2021-04-07 2021-07-09 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 Random power flow calculation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102236040A (en) * 2010-04-28 2011-11-09 维嘉数控科技(苏州)有限公司 High speed alternating current (ac) motor power supply current detection method and apparatus thereof
US20120265457A1 (en) * 2011-04-15 2012-10-18 Donolo Marcos A Systems and methods for detecting motor rotor faults
CN202997519U (en) * 2012-08-29 2013-06-12 沈阳隆基电磁科技股份有限公司 Verifying attachment of motor protector
CN103529343A (en) * 2013-03-27 2014-01-22 Tcl集团股份有限公司 Intelligent diagnosing method and system of electrical device
CN103840432A (en) * 2014-03-24 2014-06-04 北京经纬恒润科技有限公司 Motor stalling detection method and system
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CN104242246A (en) * 2014-08-25 2014-12-24 江苏浩峰汽车附件有限公司 Direct current brush motor stalling protection device and method based on current tracking
CN105607000A (en) * 2015-12-17 2016-05-25 上海电器科学研究院 Method for measuring locked-rotor current of three-phase asynchronous motor under no-load condition
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CN107863756A (en) * 2017-09-29 2018-03-30 西安工程大学 The rotation-clogging protection method of high-tension switch cabinet electric chassis in-car direct current generator
CN109687383A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-04-26 北京经纬恒润科技有限公司 The stall detection method and device of brush direct current motor
CN110277952A (en) * 2019-06-29 2019-09-24 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Over current of motor guard method and device
DE102019128199A1 (en) * 2019-10-18 2021-04-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for overload protection of at least one electrical component in an electrical circuit of a motor vehicle and control device for a motor vehicle, motor vehicle and storage medium
CN111416326A (en) * 2020-04-20 2020-07-14 小熊电器股份有限公司 Motor overcurrent protection circuit and method and household appliance
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CN112710938A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-04-27 郑州嘉晨电器有限公司 Overload judgment method for triode inductive load circuit
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