CN113916938A - Method for detecting defects of conducting wire through infrared based on large current - Google Patents
Method for detecting defects of conducting wire through infrared based on large current Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wire defect detection, and discloses a method for detecting a wire defect through infrared based on large current. The invention can effectively, quickly and safely detect the defects of the three-phase wire, and solves the technical problems that the existing infrared detection wire defect scheme is difficult to distinguish wire defect points, is inconvenient to recycle inspection equipment and carry out data post-processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wire defect detection, in particular to a method for detecting a wire defect based on infrared of a large current.
Background
When a defect exists in a certain position of the conducting wire, such as a fault or poor contact, the surface temperature field of the conducting wire changes, and the brightness of a pixel reflected on an infrared image, namely the defect position, is different from other undamaged positions.
At present, when the infrared detection method is adopted to detect the defects of the conducting wire, the conducting wire which normally runs is generally directly inspected. Such defect detection has the following disadvantages:
the temperature of the wire is influenced by actual load and may fluctuate within a certain range, and meanwhile, the current of the wire which normally runs is generally below the designed maximum current-carrying capacity, so that the temperature rise of the wire is not obvious compared with the environment, the temperature difference between a defect point and a non-defect point is small, and the defect point of the wire is difficult to distinguish; in addition, the beginning and the end of the inspection are not in the same place, which brings inconvenience to the recovery of inspection equipment and the post-processing of data.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide an effective, fast and safe method for infrared detection of lead defects to solve the problems of the existing infrared detection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for detecting the defects of a lead based on infrared high current, which can effectively, quickly and safely detect the defects of the lead and solve the technical problems that the existing scheme for detecting the defects of the lead is difficult to distinguish the defect points of the lead, is inconvenient to recycle inspection equipment and carry out data post-processing.
The invention provides a method for detecting defects of a lead by infrared based on large current, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that a three-phase wire to be inspected is connected in a modifying mode, so that the three-phase wire to be inspected forms a loop with the head end and the tail end on the same side;
introducing a large current into the three-phase wire to be inspected for a preset time;
and finishing introducing the heavy current when the preset time is up, and polling the three-phase wire to be polled by adopting infrared temperature measuring equipment.
According to an implementation mode of the method, the step of reconnecting the three-phase lead to be inspected comprises the following steps:
connecting a first phase lead and a second phase lead in the three-phase lead to be inspected in parallel;
and connecting a third phase wire in the three-phase wire to be inspected in series at one parallel node side of the first phase wire and the second phase wire.
According to a mode capable of being realized by the method, the numerical value of the current of the large current introduced into the three-phase wire to be inspected is 2.0-2.5 times of the economic current density.
According to one implementation mode of the method, the preset time is determined according to a time constant required by the temperature stabilization after the high current is introduced into the three-phase lead to be inspected.
According to one possible implementation of the method according to the invention, the time constant is determined according to the following formula:
in the formula: theta represents a time constant required by the temperature stabilization after the high current is introduced into the three-phase lead to be inspected, and the unit is s; m is the mass of the three-phase lead to be inspected, and the unit is kg; c is the specific heat capacity of the three-phase lead material to be inspected, and the unit is J/(kg DEG C); h iszIs equivalent convective heat transfer coefficient and has the unit of W/(m)2K); x is the effective heat dissipation area, and the unit is m2。
According to one implementation mode of the method, the step of introducing the large current into the three-phase wire to be inspected comprises the following steps:
connecting a large-current generating device to the three-phase lead to be inspected;
and starting the large-current generating device and starting timing to enable large current output by the large-current generating device to be introduced into the three-phase wire to be inspected.
According to an implementation mode of the method, the method for polling the three-phase wire to be polled by adopting the infrared temperature measuring equipment comprises the following steps:
mounting the infrared temperature measuring equipment on a carrier;
and controlling the carrier to move along the loop of the three-phase wire to be inspected according to a preset speed.
According to one possible implementation of the method of the invention, the method further comprises:
comparing a temperature measurement result obtained by the infrared temperature measurement equipment inspecting the three-phase lead to be inspected with a corresponding normal temperature threshold value;
and when the temperature measurement result is greater than the corresponding normal temperature threshold value, judging that the position of the three-phase wire to be inspected, corresponding to the temperature measurement result, has a defect.
According to one possible implementation of the method of the invention, the method further comprises:
and calculating a relative temperature difference according to the temperature measurement result and the corresponding normal temperature threshold value, and determining the corresponding grade of the three-phase lead defect to be inspected according to the relative temperature difference.
According to a mode of the method, which can be realized, the infrared temperature measuring equipment is an infrared thermal imager.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the method comprises the steps of converting a three-phase wire of any path into a loop, introducing a large current to the three-phase wire, inspecting the three-phase wire by using infrared temperature measuring equipment after a period of time, and finally judging whether any position of the three-phase wire has a defect or defect degree according to an infrared temperature measuring result; the three-phase lead of any path is converted into a loop, so that the beginning and the end of the inspection can be in the same position, and inspection equipment can be conveniently recovered and post-processing of data can be conveniently carried out; through letting in a heavy current on the three-phase wire, can make the temperature rise of wire defect point more obvious for infrared detection result can be more accurate, has brought the facility for the wire overhauls. The method is convenient and safe to operate, low in resource consumption, high in efficiency and wide in applicable scene, and the method can be used for detecting the defects of the conducting wire, effectively maintaining the safe and stable operation of the power grid and reducing unnecessary economic loss and social influence.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for infrared detection of defects in a wire based on high current according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wire connection of a three-phase wire to be inspected after being reconnected according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an electrical connection diagram of an actual wire defect detection by using a large-current-based infrared wire defect detection method according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in fig. 3 are:
1-a high current generating device; 2-a three-phase lead to be inspected; 3-a switch mechanism; 4-power bus; 5-current transformer.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for detecting a defect of a wire by infrared based on a large current, which is used for solving the technical problems that the existing scheme for detecting the defect of the wire by infrared is difficult to distinguish the defect point of the wire, and is inconvenient to recycle inspection equipment and carry out data post-processing.
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for infrared detection of a lead defect based on a large current according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for detecting defects of a lead based on infrared high-current, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the three-phase wire to be inspected is reconnected, so that the three-phase wire to be inspected forms a loop with the head end and the tail end on the same side;
s2, introducing a large current into the three-phase lead to be inspected for a preset time;
and S3, finishing the introduction of the large current when the preset time is up, and polling the three-phase wire to be polled by adopting infrared temperature measuring equipment.
The embodiment of the invention converts the three-phase wire of any path into a loop, then leads a large current into the three-phase wire, inspects the three-phase wire by using infrared temperature measuring equipment after a period of time, and finally judges whether any position of the three-phase wire has defects or defect degrees according to the infrared temperature measuring result; the three-phase lead of any path is converted into a loop, so that the beginning and the end of the inspection can be in the same position, and inspection equipment can be conveniently recovered and post-processing of data can be conveniently carried out; through letting in a heavy current on the three-phase wire, can make the temperature rise of wire defect point more obvious for infrared detection result can be more accurate, has brought the facility for the wire overhauls.
The three-phase lead to be inspected is changed into a loop, and the head end and the tail end of the three-phase lead to be inspected form a loop with the same side in a mode of firstly connecting two phases of leads in parallel and then connecting the other phase of lead in series. Specifically, treating and patrolling and examining three-phase wire and changing the connecing, include:
connecting a first phase lead and a second phase lead in the three-phase lead to be inspected in parallel;
and connecting a third phase wire in the three-phase wire to be inspected in series at one parallel node side of the first phase wire and the second phase wire.
It should be noted that the "first phase wire", "second phase wire", and "third phase wire" are only used to explain a wire portion to be inspected for different phases in a three-phase wire.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wire connection of a three-phase wire to be inspected after being reconnected according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and the connection condition of the three-phase wire after being reconnected can refer to fig. 2.
Where "I" in fig. 2 denotes an input current, "U" denotes an input voltage, "l (km)" denotes a wire length in km.
Furthermore, a suitable power supply point can be selected according to the road traffic condition at any end of the wire.
In one embodiment, the current value of the large current introduced into the three-phase wire to be inspected is 2.0-2.5 times of the economic current density.
The economic current density is determined by the annual operating costs, which are mainly composed of electrical energy losses, equipment maintenance and depreciation costs. Wherein the cost of power loss is related to the conductor material and the number of hours of maximum annual load operation. When the conductor has a certain cross section, the annual operation cost is the lowest, and the current flowing through the unit cross section of the conductor is the economic current density.
It should be noted that the economic current density in the "2.0-2.5 times economic current density" refers to the current flowing through the unit cross-sectional area of the conductor in the three-phase wire to be inspected.
It should be noted that the current value of the large current introduced into the three-phase wire to be inspected can also be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation, and the wire is not suitable to be too small to affect the measurement accuracy or to be too large to cause other faults. The actual current value may be measured by a current transformer or other alternative device.
And the preset time is determined according to a time constant required for stabilizing the temperature after the high current is introduced into the three-phase wire to be inspected.
In one embodiment, a specific value of the preset time is selected as a time constant required by the temperature stabilization after the high current is introduced into the three-phase wire to be inspected.
In another embodiment, a time error may also be determined according to an actual situation, and the time constant and the time error are then summed to obtain a value as a specific value of the preset time, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of infrared detection on the wire defect.
According to one possible implementation of the method according to the invention, the time constant is determined according to the following formula:
in the formula: theta represents a time constant required by the temperature stabilization after the high current is introduced into the three-phase lead to be inspected, and the unit is s; m is the mass of the three-phase lead to be inspected, and the unit is kg; c is the specific heat capacity of the three-phase lead material to be inspected, and the unit is J/(kg DEG C); h iszIs equivalent convective heat transfer coefficient and has the unit of W/(m)2K); x is the effective heat dissipation area, and the unit is m2。
In one implementation manner, the passing of a large current into the three-phase wire to be inspected includes:
connecting a large-current generating device to the three-phase lead to be inspected;
and starting the large-current generating device and starting timing to enable large current output by the large-current generating device to be introduced into the three-phase wire to be inspected.
Fig. 3 is an electrical connection diagram of an actual wire defect detection by using a large-current-based infrared wire defect detection method according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3. One end of the large-current generating device 1 is connected to a three-phase wire 2 to be patrolled and examined, and the other end of the large-current generating device 1 is connected to a power bus 4 through the switch mechanism 3, so that the large-current generating device 1 is turned on and off through the switch mechanism 3. In order to ensure that the actual current value can be detected after the large current is introduced, the current transformer 5 is further connected.
In order to accurately time the large-current passing time, a timing control circuit can be further connected into the circuit of the three-phase wire to be inspected, the timing control circuit is used for calculating the time of the large-current generating device passing the large current into the wire to be inspected, and the switch of the large-current generating device can be controlled to be closed when the time of passing the large current reaches the preset time, so that the operation of passing the large current is finished. As an alternative implementation, the timing control circuit may be implemented by a time relay, a timer, and the like, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In a mode that can realize, adopt infrared temperature measurement equipment to patrol and examine wait to patrol and examine three-phase wire, include:
mounting the infrared temperature measuring equipment on a carrier;
and controlling the carrier to move along the loop of the three-phase wire to be inspected according to a preset speed.
Wherein, the carrier can be unmanned aerial vehicle or other portability infrared temperature measurement equipment and satisfy the carrier of temperature measurement requirement.
Wherein, the infrared temperature measurement equipment can be an infrared thermal imager or other infrared temperature measurement equipment.
When the infrared temperature measuring equipment is adopted to patrol the three-phase lead to be patrolled, besides the preset speed, other parameters needing to be controlled, such as the shooting angle of the infrared temperature measuring equipment, the distance between the infrared temperature measuring equipment and the three-phase lead to be patrolled and the like, can be determined according to the relevant patrol detection standards.
In one implementation, the method further comprises:
comparing a temperature measurement result obtained by the infrared temperature measurement equipment inspecting the three-phase lead to be inspected with a corresponding normal temperature threshold value;
and when the temperature measurement result is greater than the corresponding normal temperature threshold value, judging that the position of the three-phase wire to be inspected, corresponding to the temperature measurement result, has a defect.
When the normal temperature threshold is set, the normal temperature threshold is ensured to be available at any moment for comparison reference under the condition that any large current is introduced into any type of wire.
The normal temperature threshold value under the condition that the wire is not defective can be obtained by theoretical calculation, and the influence of factors such as flow rate, flow time, wire model, length, wind speed and the like is considered during calculation. For the overhead transmission line, the normal temperature can be calculated according to the natural convection or forced convection condition of the horizontal cylinder in the natural space, and for the extreme climate condition, a calculation formula can be obtained through customs related tests and numerical simulation. The temperature rise calculation formula under the defect-free condition of the horizontal cylinder is as follows:
in the formula, I is carrying capacity and the unit is A; r is a resistance value with the unit of omega; τ is the temperature rise of the conductor relative to ambient temperature, in K; t is time in units of s.
Convective heat transfer coefficient hzCalculated according to the following formula:
wherein under the condition of natural convection,
Nu＝C1(GrPr)n
under the condition of forced convection, the air-conditioning agent,
Nu＝C2(Re)m
in the formula, NuIs the Nussel number, λ is the air thermal conductivity, l is the characteristic length, GrIs the Graveff number, PrIs a prandtl number, ReIs Reynolds number, C1、C2M and n are constants, typically C1＝0.53，C2The results of the experiment also show that 0.22, 0.6 and 0.25 are obtained.
The normal temperature threshold for a defect-free wire can also be obtained by means of actual testing. Specifically, under the condition that the conductor is ensured to be free of defects, any large current can be introduced into the conductor, and the normal temperature threshold value of each position of the conductor at any moment can be determined in an actual infrared temperature measurement inspection mode.
In one implementation, the method further comprises:
and calculating a relative temperature difference according to the temperature measurement result and the corresponding normal temperature threshold value, and determining the corresponding grade of the three-phase lead defect to be inspected according to the relative temperature difference.
Wherein, can confirm the relative difference in temperature scope that each defect grade corresponds according to actual conditions, and then will ask the relative difference in temperature and each relative difference in temperature scope of obtaining to compare and confirm the grade of waiting to patrol and examine three-phase wire defect. Among them, the grade of the three-phase wire defect may include a general defect, a serious defect, and a critical defect.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting defects of a lead based on infrared of large current is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that a three-phase wire to be inspected is connected in a modifying mode, so that the three-phase wire to be inspected forms a loop with the head end and the tail end on the same side;
introducing a large current into the three-phase wire to be inspected for a preset time;
and finishing introducing the heavy current when the preset time is up, and polling the three-phase wire to be polled by adopting infrared temperature measuring equipment.
2. The method for infrared detection of the defects of the lead based on the large current as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of reconnecting the three-phase lead to be inspected comprises the following steps:
connecting a first phase lead and a second phase lead in the three-phase lead to be inspected in parallel;
and connecting a third phase wire in the three-phase wire to be inspected in series at one parallel node side of the first phase wire and the second phase wire.
3. The method for detecting the defects of the lead based on the large-current infrared ray is characterized in that the numerical value of the large current introduced into the three-phase lead to be inspected is 2.0-2.5 times of the economic current density.
4. The method for infrared detection of the defects of the lead based on the large current as claimed in claim 2, wherein the preset time is determined according to a time constant required by the temperature to be stable after the large current is introduced into the three-phase lead to be inspected.
5. The high current-based infrared wire defect detection method of claim 4, wherein the time constant is determined according to the following formula:
in the formula: theta represents a time constant required by the temperature stabilization after the high current is introduced into the three-phase lead to be inspected, and the unit is s; m is the mass of the three-phase lead to be inspected, and the unit is kg; c is the specific heat capacity of the three-phase lead material to be inspected, and the unit is J/(kg DEG C); h iszIs equivalent convective heat transfer coefficient and has the unit of W/(m)2K); x is the effective heat dissipation area, and the unit is m2。
6. The method for infrared detection of the defects of the lead based on the large current as claimed in claim 1, wherein the passing of the large current into the three-phase lead to be inspected comprises:
connecting a large-current generating device to the three-phase lead to be inspected;
and starting the large-current generating device and starting timing to enable large current output by the large-current generating device to be introduced into the three-phase wire to be inspected.
7. The method for infrared detection of the defects of the lead based on the large current as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inspection of the three-phase lead to be inspected by adopting the infrared temperature measuring equipment comprises:
mounting the infrared temperature measuring equipment on a carrier;
and controlling the carrier to move along the loop of the three-phase wire to be inspected according to a preset speed.
8. The high current-based infrared wire defect detection method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
comparing a temperature measurement result obtained by the infrared temperature measurement equipment inspecting the three-phase lead to be inspected with a corresponding normal temperature threshold value;
and when the temperature measurement result is greater than the corresponding normal temperature threshold value, judging that the position of the three-phase wire to be inspected, corresponding to the temperature measurement result, has a defect.
9. The high current-based infrared wire defect detection method of claim 8, further comprising:
and calculating a relative temperature difference according to the temperature measurement result and the corresponding normal temperature threshold value, and determining the corresponding grade of the three-phase lead defect to be inspected according to the relative temperature difference.
10. A high current based infrared method for detecting lead defects according to any of claims 1 to 9 wherein the infrared temperature measuring device is an infrared thermal imager.
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