CN113916590B - Accurate detection method for overlying strata separation layer - Google Patents
Accurate detection method for overlying strata separation layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113916590B CN113916590B CN202111194523.0A CN202111194523A CN113916590B CN 113916590 B CN113916590 B CN 113916590B CN 202111194523 A CN202111194523 A CN 202111194523A CN 113916590 B CN113916590 B CN 113916590B
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/08—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/18—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring depth
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/16—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezoelectric devices
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a method for accurately detecting a overlying strata separation layer, which belongs to the field of geological detection in underground mining technology and comprises drilling and coring; drilling and coring are carried out before coal mining, and rock stratum conditions are judged; determining a separation layer area; the delamination area comprises a part of rock stratum capable of forming a fracture zone and a part of rock stratum capable of forming a delamination zone; determining the thickness of different rock strata in the delamination area; fixing the measuring piece; fixing a positioning piece and a stress assembly on each rock stratum in the separation layer area, wherein the positioning piece measures the depth position of the corresponding rock stratum; the stress component measures the compressive stress state of the corresponding rock stratum; comparing the real-time parameters; an initial position parameter h0 of the front positioning piece is formed by the falling belt, and a moving position parameter h1 of the rear positioning piece is formed by the falling belt; the landing strip forms the stress parameter M0 of the pre-stress component and the landing strip forms the stress parameter M1 of the post-stress component. The application has the effect of accurately judging the position of the separation layer area.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of geological detection in underground mining technology, in particular to a method for accurately detecting a overlying strata separation layer.
Background
Underground coal mining can cause fracture and collapse of overlying strata, thereby forming collapse zones, water (gas) guiding fracture zones and bending subsidence zones in the overlying strata. The overlying strata separation grouting technology can effectively protect the ecological environment, grouting treatment is carried out on the separation space before the separation layer collapses and collapses in the upper region of the coal mining dead zone, a stable stratum structure is maintained, and the formation of a collapse region is avoided.
After the underground coal seam is mined, an upper three zones, a caving zone, a fracture zone and a bending zone are formed in an overlying strata of the coal seam, and when the bending rigidity of the upper strata is greater than that of the lower strata, a separation layer often occurs.
The distribution and development characteristics of the mining overburden separation layer area are generally detected by adopting ground drilling, and the mining overburden separation layer area is mainly judged according to the drilling falling position in the drilling construction process. If obvious drill falling phenomenon occurs in the drilling construction process, the position is most likely to be a separation layer position, and the corresponding drill falling amount is the separation layer amount of the rock layers above and below the position.
In view of the above related art, the inventors consider that there is a bending zone that is always in a state of development, and the accuracy of the delamination area obtained by the existing judgment method is low, and there is a delay, so that the defect of formation change cannot be found early.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to accurately judge the generation and change states of the separation layer region, the application provides a method for accurately detecting the separation layer of the overlying strata.
The application provides a method for accurately detecting a overlying strata separation layer, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for accurately detecting a overlying strata separation layer comprises the following steps:
drilling and coring; drilling and coring are carried out before coal mining, and rock stratum conditions are judged;
determining a separation layer area; the delamination area comprises a part of rock stratum capable of forming a fracture zone and a part of rock stratum capable of forming a delamination zone; determining the thickness of different rock strata in the delamination area;
fixing the measuring piece; fixing a positioning piece and a stress assembly on each rock stratum in the separation layer area, wherein the positioning piece measures the depth position of the corresponding rock stratum; the stress component measures the compressive stress state of the corresponding rock stratum;
comparing the real-time parameters; initial position parameter h of the landing strip forming front positioning piece 0 Parameter h of the position of movement of the positioning element after formation of the landing strip 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Stress parameter M of stress component before ribbon formation 0 Stress parameter M of stress component after landing strip formation 1 ；
When h of the same stratum 1 And h 0 Gradually increasing the difference of M 1 And M O When the difference value of the (a) is gradually increased, the deformation generated by the current rock stratum;
when two layers of rock stratum h are adjacent to each other 1 And h 0 When the difference of the two rock formations is different, a gap exists between the two rock formations;
when M 1 And M O When the difference value of (1) is suddenly changed, the rock stratum is in a fracture zone;
when M 1 And M O Is stable and the difference between the two layers h 1 And h 0 The difference of (h) is increased and then steadily decreased 1 The lower and upper strata of the location have a grouting-capable delamination space.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method is adopted, the drilling area is determined before coal mining, drilling coring is carried out to judge the stratum structure, meanwhile, separation layer judgment is carried out in the later period conveniently, after gaps exist between adjacent strata, after the fact that the lower strata is ensured to be untreated with a fracture zone, separation layer space can be poured, because mortar can flow to other positions through the gaps when the strata in the fracture zone is poured, filling of the separation layer space is difficult to realize, separation layer space measurement carried out by adopting the scheme is difficult, and the accurate strata can be obtained due to measurement, and meanwhile, the position of the separation layer space can be obtained, so that the accuracy and timeliness of the separation layer space position are high, the separation layer space is adapted to the changes in production and development, and the grouting time is accurately determined.
Preferably, the stress assembly comprises a sensing part and connecting parts at two ends, wherein the sensing part converts stress change into electric signals, and the two connecting parts are respectively fixed on the side wall of the drilling hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, be fixed in drilling lateral wall with stress module's connecting portion, when place stratum produces deformation, stratum drives two connecting portion relative movement, transmits the response part with the stress, realizes that stress sensor is to the measurement of stress variation.
Preferably, a positioning hole is formed in the well wall of the well, and a capsule with a structural adhesive arranged in an inner cavity is fixed at one end of the positioning piece extending into the positioning hole; the capsule breaks after being pressed.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after the setting element stretches into the locating hole, the setting element continues to drive the capsule and removes, makes capsule and locating hole bottom support and press, until the capsule breaks, structural adhesive in the capsule and fill in the locating hole this moment, and the inside structural adhesive of capsule fills in the gap of setting element and locating hole, fixes the setting element on the wall of a well of well after the structural adhesive solidifies, realizes the fixing of setting element.
Preferably, the drilling tool comprises a drilling tool, a drilling push rod and a supporting frame; the drilling tool is used for forming a positioning hole; the fixed part of the drilling push rod is connected with the support frame, the movable part of the drilling push rod is connected with the drilling tool, and the drilling push rod drives the drilling tool to move; the support frame includes fixed connection's horizontal pole, arc spare, and the horizontal pole is connected with the drilling tool, and arc spare external diameter is the same with the drilling diameter, and arc spare is used for contradicting with the pore wall cooperation of drilling.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the support frame moves to the appointed position in the drilling well, the drilling rod connected with the cross rod drives the drilling tool to move to form the positioning hole, the arc-shaped piece is contacted with the side wall of the drilling well, the stability of the support frame in the working process of the drilling tool is maintained, the stability of the working track of the drilling tool is ensured, and the accuracy and the horizontality of the drilling well can be ensured; although the measurement of the stress component is less affected by the axial direction of the positioning hole, the higher the levelness of the positioning hole is, the more accurate the corresponding position of the stress component is when being installed, and the more accurate the stress change of the stress component is when being measured.
Preferably, the support frame further comprises a telescopic piece, and two ends of the telescopic piece are hinged with the cross rod and the arc-shaped piece respectively;
the cross rod is hinged with the arc-shaped piece, and the length of the telescopic piece can drive the cross rod to rotate after being changed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the support frame is placed before drilling, the length of the telescopic piece is adjusted, the cross rod is rotated, the distance from the farthest end of the cross rod to the telescopic piece is adjusted, the whole diameter of the support frame is smaller than the diameter of the drilling hole with the placement, a gap exists between the support frame and the side wall of the drilling hole, and the support frame is convenient to place into the drilling hole at the moment; when the support frame moves to a designated position in the well drilling, the length of the telescopic part is adjusted, the cross rod rotates, when the cross rod rotates to be perpendicular to the arc-shaped part, the length of the telescopic part is kept fixed, at the moment, one end, away from the arc-shaped part, of the cross rod is abutted against the side wall of the well drilling, and the drilling tool on the support frame is ensured to move along the set track direction.
Preferably, one end of the cross rod, which is far away from the arc-shaped piece, is connected with a hemispherical part.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the extensible member length changes, the setting of hemisphere part can be at horizontal pole rotation in-process and the contact part smooth movement of well drilling lateral wall, the horizontal pole smooth rotation of being convenient for to the horizontality.
Preferably, the cross rod is fixedly provided with an indicating laser lamp perpendicular to the axis of the drilling tool.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, judge through the extension length of control extensible member that the horizontal pole rotates back and arc spare mutually perpendicular, but when the drilling lateral wall appears other sunken, although horizontal pole and arc spare are in the vertical state, but arc spare can not be in contact with the drilling lateral wall, can judge the horizontal state of drilling tool through the light that the observation instruction laser lamp launched at the drilling well head this moment, through the length of control adjustment extensible member, thereby make the horizontal pole rotate, can finely tune the position of horizontal pole after rotating, guarantee the horizontal state of horizontal pole, or adjust the support frame with the position in the drilling, make the support frame avoid the sunken region in the drilling; meanwhile, in the using process of the drilling tool, the horizontal state of the drilling tool can be judged.
Preferably, the support frame is connected with a transposition pushing piece, a fixed part of the transposition pushing piece is connected with the drilling tool, and a movable part of the transposition pushing piece is connected with a transposition frame;
the drilling push rod is connected to the transposition frame, and the transposition frame is also connected with a positioning push rod which is used for pushing the positioning piece into the positioning hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after drilling tool drilling is accomplished, the transposition is pushed the piece and is promoted the transposition frame and remove, makes locating piece and locating hole alignment on the location push rod, and the locating push rod exerts effort to the locating piece and makes the locating piece insert in the locating hole, directly once only accomplishes the installation of drilling and locating piece, has shortened the engineering time.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. by adopting the method, the drilling area is determined before coal mining, drilling coring is carried out to judge the stratum structure, and meanwhile, separation layer judgment is carried out in the later period conveniently, after gaps exist between adjacent rock layers, after an untreated fracture zone of a lower rock layer is ensured, separation layer space can be poured, because mortar flows to other positions through the gaps when the rock layers in the fracture zone are poured, filling of the separation layer space is difficult to realize, separation layer space measurement carried out by adopting the scheme is difficult, accurate rock layers are obtained due to measurement, and meanwhile, the position of the separation layer space can be obtained, so that the accuracy of judging the position of the separation layer space is high, and the pouring position is accurate;
2. the support frame is placed before drilling, the length of the telescopic piece is adjusted, the cross rod is rotated, the distance from the farthest end of the cross rod to the telescopic piece is adjusted, and the support frame is placed in the drilling conveniently; when the support frame moves to a designated position in the well drilling, the length of the telescopic part is adjusted, the cross rod rotates, when the cross rod rotates to be perpendicular to the arc-shaped part, the length of the telescopic part is kept fixed, at the moment, one end of the cross rod, which is far away from the arc-shaped part, is abutted against the side wall of the well drilling, and the drilling tool on the support frame is ensured to move along the set track direction;
3. judging that the cross rod is perpendicular to the arc-shaped piece after rotating by controlling the extension length of the telescopic piece, wherein when other pits appear on the side wall of the well, the cross rod is in a perpendicular state with the arc-shaped piece, but the arc-shaped piece cannot be in contact with the side wall of the well, at the moment, the horizontal state of the drilling tool can be judged by observing the light rays emitted by the indication laser lamp at the well drilling head, and the length of the telescopic piece is controlled and adjusted, so that the cross rod rotates, the position of the rotated cross rod can be finely adjusted, the horizontal state of the cross rod is ensured, or the position of the support frame and the inside of the well drilling is adjusted, and the support frame avoids the pit area in the well drilling; meanwhile, in the using process of the drilling tool, the horizontal state of the drilling tool can be judged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a formation structure of an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a positioning member installation apparatus in relation to a well bore in an embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the retainer mounting apparatus in the embodiment.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. drilling a well; 11. positioning holes; 2. a positioning piece; 21. a capsule; 3. a support frame; 31. a cross bar; 311. a hemispherical portion; 32. an arc-shaped member; 33. a telescoping member; 34. an indication laser lamp; 35. hanging a connecting rod; 4. drilling tool; 41. drilling a push rod; 5. a transposition mechanism; 51. transposition pushing piece; 52. a transposition frame; 53. positioning a push rod; 6. a stress component.
Detailed Description
The application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-3.
The embodiment of the application discloses a method for accurately detecting a overlying strata separation layer. Referring to fig. 1, a method for accurately detecting a overburden delamination includes:
step one: drilling and coring; before coal mining, a drilling area is determined, the drilling area is a middle area of coal mining, a plurality of drilling holes 1 are arranged at intervals along the mining direction, coring is carried out on the drilling holes 1 to judge the stratum structure, and the thickness t and the elastic modulus E of each stratum are measured.
Step two: determining a delamination area, wherein the delamination area comprises partial rock stratum capable of forming a fracture zone and partial rock stratum capable of forming a delamination zone; the approximate position interval of the separation layer area can be judged through the data of the thickness t and the elastic modulus E of the rock stratum, the thickness parameters of different rock strata are input into the controller in the separation layer area.
Step three: the positioning piece is fixed; the positioning pieces 2 are fixedly arranged on each rock stratum in the separation layer area, the positioning pieces 2 are connected with the sub controllers through wireless signals, the sub controllers are simultaneously connected with all the positioning pieces 2 and the stress assemblies 6 in one drilling well 1, the sub controllers corresponding to the drilling wells are connected with the same main controller through cables, and the positioning pieces 2 can send own position information to the sub controllers;
step four: comparing the measured parameters in real time; initial position parameter h of the ribbon-forming front positioning member 2 0 Parameter h of the position of movement of the positioning element 2 after formation of the landing strip 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Stress parameter M of stress component 6 before ribbon formation 0 Stress parameter M of stress component 6 after ribbon formation 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The position and stress state of each rock stratum are monitored before the formation of the caving belt, namely, the stage before the mining of the coal mine, and the stage after the formation of the caving belt, namely, the stage after the mining of the coal mine.
When h of the same stratum 1 And h 0 Gradually increasing the difference of (2)Large, and M 1 And M O When the difference value of the (a) is gradually increased, the deformation generated by the current rock stratum;
when two layers of rock stratum h are adjacent to each other 1 And h 0 When the difference of the two rock formations is different, a gap exists between the two rock formations;
when M 1 And M O When the difference value of the lower rock layer is suddenly changed, the rock layer is in a fracture zone, after the lower rock layer is fractured, the internal stress of the lower rock layer is released, and the deformation of the lower rock layer is recovered, so that the internal stress of the lower rock layer generates M 1 Producing rapid changes;
when M 1 And M O Is stable and the difference between the two layers h 1 And h 0 When the difference value of (1) is increased and then begins to steadily decrease, the delamination layer is generated, expanded, developed to the maximum, then contracted and closed, so that the h 1 The lower and upper strata of the location have a grouting-capable delamination space.
The method has the advantages that the drilling area is determined before coal mining, the drilling coring is carried out to judge the stratum structure, the later separation layer judgment is convenient, after gaps exist between adjacent rock layers, the lower rock layer is ensured to be in an untreated fracture zone, the separation layer space can be poured, because mortar flows to other positions through the gaps when the rock layers in the fracture zone are poured, the filling of the separation layer space is difficult to realize, the separation layer space measurement carried out by adopting the method can obtain accurate rock layers due to measurement, and meanwhile, the position of the separation layer space can be obtained, and the pouring position and time are accurate.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the fixing of the positioning member 2 is performed after the positioning member 2 is fixed by forming a hole in the side wall of the well 1. The holes on the side wall of the positioning drilling well 1 are positioning holes 11, the positioning holes 11 are formed and the positioning pieces 2 are installed and fixed by using installation equipment, and the installation equipment comprises a supporting frame 3, a drilling tool 4, a transposition mechanism 5 and a positioning push rod 53.
The drilling tool 4 is used for the seting up of locating hole 11 of pore wall, drilling tool 4 is connected with support frame 3, is connected with the lifting rope on the support frame 3, stretches into the length in the well drilling 1 through control lifting rope, controls drilling tool 4 and is in the trompil position on well drilling 1, and after drilling tool 4 moved to the settlement position, start drilling tool 4 and bore a hole, drilling is accomplished, transposition mechanism 5 work, drives locating piece 2 that is connected on the location push rod 53 and removes and align with locating hole 11, stretches into locating piece 2 in the locating hole 11 and accomplishes the installation fixedly of locating piece 2.
The support frame 3 comprises a cross bar 31 and an arc-shaped member 32 which are connected in a hinged manner. The cross bar 31 is used for being connected with the drilling tool 4 and the positioning push rod 53, the arc-shaped piece 32 is an arc-shaped plate with the outer diameter equal to the diameter of the drilling well 1 in the embodiment, and the arc-shaped piece 32 is axially arranged along the drilling well 1 and is abutted against the hole wall when in operation. The arc-shaped member 32 is in other embodiments an arc-shaped frame body, and comprises an arc-shaped rod and a long vertical rod which are fixedly connected, wherein the outer diameter of the arc-shaped rod is equal to the diameter of the well 1, the long vertical rod is along the axial direction of the arc-shaped rod, and the long vertical rod and the arc-shaped rod are in contact with the well wall of the well 1.
Preferably, the support frame 3 further comprises a telescopic member 33, the cross rod 31 is hinged with the arc member 32, the length of the telescopic member 33 can be changed to drive the cross rod 31 to pitch and rotate, when the cross rod 31 rotates to be vertical to the arc member 32, the distance from one end of the cross rod 31 far away from the arc member 32 to one end of the arc member 32 far away from the arc member 32 is equal to the aperture of the drilling well 1, two ends of the telescopic member 33 are respectively hinged with the cross rod 31 and the arc member 32, the hinge shafts at two ends of the telescopic member 33 are parallel to the hinge shafts of the cross rod 31 and the arc member 32, the telescopic member 33 is a hydraulic cylinder, and the length of the telescopic member 33 can be controlled by controlling the volume of hydraulic oil entering the telescopic member 33.
The support frame 3 is placed in front of the well 1, the length of the telescopic piece 33 is adjusted, the cross rod 31 is rotated, and the distance from the farthest end of the cross rod 31 to the arc-shaped piece 32 is adjusted, so that the support frame 3 is placed in the well 1 conveniently; when the support frame 3 moves to a designated position in the well 1, the length of the telescopic piece 33 is adjusted, the cross rod 31 rotates, when the cross rod 31 rotates to be perpendicular to the arc piece 32, the length of the telescopic piece 33 is kept fixed, and at the moment, one end, away from the arc piece 32, of the cross rod 31 is abutted against the side wall of the well 1, so that the drilling tool 4 on the support frame 3 is ensured to move along the set track direction.
Preferably, one end of the cross rod 31 far away from the arc-shaped piece 32 is connected with a hemispherical portion 311, the arc-shaped surface of the hemispherical portion 311 is used for being in contact with the wall of the well 1, the plane portion of the hemispherical portion 311 is connected with one end of the cross rod 31 far away from the arc-shaped piece 32, the diameter of the hemispherical portion 311 is equal to three times of the diagonal of the cross section of the cross rod 31, and when the length of the telescopic piece 33 changes, the hemispherical portion 311 can smoothly move with the contact portion of the wall of the well 1 in the rotation process of the cross rod 31, so that the cross rod 31 can smoothly rotate to a horizontal state.
Preferably, the cross bar 31 is fixedly provided with an indicating laser lamp 34 perpendicular to the axis of the drilling tool 4, the indicating laser lamp 34 is arranged at the middle position of the cross bar 31 in the length direction, and the indicating laser lamp 34 is positioned on the upper surface of the cross bar 31. By controlling the length of the telescopic piece 33, judging that the transverse rod 31 is perpendicular to the arc-shaped piece 32 after rotating; when other bulges or depressions appear on the side wall of the well 1, although the cross rod 31 and the arc-shaped piece 32 are in a vertical state, the arc-shaped piece 32 cannot be in matched contact with the side wall of the well 1, at the moment, the horizontal state of the drilling tool 4 can be judged by observing the vertical state of light rays emitted by the indication laser lamp 34 at the opening of the well 1, the length of the telescopic piece 33 is controlled and adjusted, so that the cross rod 31 can be rotated, the position of the rotated cross rod 31 can be finely adjusted, the horizontal state of the cross rod 31 is ensured, or the position of the support frame 3 is adjusted, and the support frame 3 can avoid uneven parts on the side wall of the well 1; meanwhile, in the using process of the drilling tool 4, the horizontal state of the drilling tool 4 can still be judged.
The transposition pushing member 51 is a hydraulic cylinder which stretches out and draws back along the axial direction of the arc-shaped member 32, a fixed part of the transposition pushing member 51 is connected with the cross rod 31, a movable part of the transposition pushing member 51 is connected with the transposition frame 52, the transposition frame 52 is driven by the transposition pushing member 51 to move along the axial direction of the arc-shaped member 32, the transposition frame 52 is a U-shaped frame body, a vertical guide rail is fixedly arranged on the cross rod 31, a vertical sliding block is fixedly arranged on the transposition frame 52 and is in sliding connection with the vertical guide rail, and the vertical sliding block guides the transposition frame 52 to slide along the axial direction of the arc-shaped member 32.
The transposition bracket 52 is connected with a drilling push rod 41, the drilling push rod 41 is a hydraulic cylinder which stretches out and draws back along the length direction of the stay bar 31, a fixed part of the drilling push rod 41 is fixedly connected with the transposition bracket 52, a movable part of the drilling push rod 41 is fixedly connected with the drilling tool 4, and the drilling push rod 41 drives the drilling tool 4 to move along the length direction of the cross bar 31. The indexing frame 52 is provided with a first transverse guide assembly for guiding the drilling tool 4 to move along the length of the cross bar 31.
The transposition bracket 52 is also connected with a positioning push rod 53, the positioning push rod 53 is a hydraulic cylinder, a fixed part of the positioning push rod 53 is fixedly connected with the transposition bracket 52, a movable part of the positioning push rod 53 is fixedly connected with a sleeve, the axis of the sleeve is along the length direction of the cross rod 31, a positioning piece 2 is sleeved in the sleeve, and the positioning push rod 53 drives the positioning piece 2 to move into the positioning hole 11 along the length direction of the cross rod 31. The indexing frame 52 is provided with a second lateral guide assembly for guiding the sleeve along the length of the cross bar 31.
One end of the positioning piece 2 extending into the positioning hole 11 is fixed with a capsule 21 with an inner cavity provided with structural adhesive, the capsule 21 can be broken after being extruded, the positioning piece 2 extends into the positioning hole 11, the bottom of the capsule 21 and the bottom of the positioning hole 11 are propped against and broken, the structural adhesive in the capsule 21 is filled in a gap between the positioning piece 2 and the positioning hole 11, and the positioning piece 2 is fixedly connected after the structural adhesive is solidified.
The stress assembly 6 comprises a sensing part and connecting parts at two ends, wherein the sensing part converts stress change into an electric signal, and the two connecting parts are respectively fixedly fixed on the side wall of the drilling hole. The sensing part is a pressure sensor, and a wireless device connected with the sub-controller through signals is connected to the pressure sensor. The connecting part comprises a pressure spring fixed with the pressure sensor and a connecting rod fixed on the pressure spring, and a sleeve U-shaped frame fixedly connected with the movable part of the positioning push rod 53 is sleeved outside the connecting rod. The connecting rod of the connecting part is pushed into a drill hole formed in the drilling tool 4 by using the positioning push rod 53, and the side wall of the connecting rod is propped against the side wall of the drill hole, so that the connecting rod is installed and fixed.
The implementation principle of the method for accurately detecting the overlying strata separation layer in the embodiment of the application is as follows:
when the support frame 3 moves to a designated position in the well 1, the length of the telescopic piece 33 is adjusted, the cross rod 31 rotates, and when the cross rod 31 rotates to be perpendicular to the arc piece 32, the length of the telescopic piece 33 is kept fixed, and at the moment, one end of the cross rod 31 far away from the arc piece 32 is abutted against the side wall of the well 1;
the transposition pushing piece 51 pushes the drilling tool to move, and the drilling tool is provided with holes on the side wall of the drilling well; when the drilling tool 4 finishes drilling, the transposition bracket 52 is pushed to move by the transposition pushing piece 51, so that the locating piece 2 on the locating push rod 53 is aligned with the locating hole 11, and the locating push rod 53 applies acting force to the connecting rod of the locating piece 2 or the stress assembly 6 so that the connecting rod of the locating piece 2 or the stress assembly 6 is inserted into the locating hole 11.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the application should be covered in the scope of protection of the application.
Claims (8)
1. The method for accurately detecting the overlying strata separation layer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
drilling and coring; drilling and coring are carried out before coal mining, and rock stratum conditions are judged;
determining a separation layer area; the delamination area comprises a part of rock stratum capable of forming a fracture zone and a part of rock stratum capable of forming a delamination zone; determining the thickness of different rock strata in the delamination area;
fixing the measuring piece; a positioning piece (2) and a stress assembly (6) are fixedly arranged on each rock stratum in the separation layer area, and the positioning piece (2) measures the depth position of the corresponding rock stratum; the stress assembly (6) measures the compressive stress state of the corresponding rock stratum;
comparing the real-time parameters; initial position parameter h of the landing strip forming front positioning piece (2) 0 The movement position parameter h of the positioning piece (2) after the falling belt is formed 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Stress parameter M of stress component (6) before ribbon formation 0 Stress parameter M of stress component (6) after ribbon formation 1 ；
When h of the same stratum 1 And h 0 Gradually increasing the difference of M 1 And M O When the difference value of the (a) is gradually increased, the current rock stratum is deformed;
when two layers of rock stratum h are adjacent to each other 1 And h 0 When the difference of the two rock formations is different, a gap exists between the two rock formations;
when M 1 And M O When the difference value of (1) is suddenly changed, the rock stratum is in a fracture zone;
when M 1 And M O Is stable and the difference between the two layers h 1 And h 0 The difference of (2) is increased first and then is steadily decreasedThis h is 1 The lower and upper strata of the location have a grouting-capable delamination space.
2. The method for accurately detecting the overlying strata delamination according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the stress assembly (6) comprises a sensing part and connecting parts at two ends, wherein the sensing part converts stress change into an electric signal, and the two connecting parts are respectively fixed on the side wall of the drilling hole.
3. The method for accurately detecting the overlying strata delamination according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a positioning hole (11) is formed in the well wall of the well drilling (1), and a capsule (21) with a structural adhesive arranged in an inner cavity is fixed at one end of the positioning piece (2) extending into the positioning hole (11); the capsule (21) breaks when pressed.
4. A method for accurate detection of a overburden delamination according to claim 3, characterized by: comprises a drilling tool (4), a drilling push rod (41) and a supporting frame (3);
the drilling tool (4) is used for forming a positioning hole (11);
the fixed part of the drilling push rod (41) is connected with the support frame (3), the movable part of the drilling push rod is connected with the drilling tool (4), and the drilling push rod (41) drives the drilling tool (4) to move;
the support frame (3) comprises a cross rod (31) and an arc-shaped piece (32) which are fixedly connected, the cross rod (31) is connected with the drilling tool (4), the outer diameter of the arc-shaped piece (32) is the same as the diameter of the drilling well (1), and the arc-shaped piece (32) is used for being matched and abutted with the wall of the drilling well (1).
5. The method for accurately detecting the overburden separation layer according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the support frame (3) further comprises a telescopic piece (33), and two ends of the telescopic piece (33) are respectively hinged with the cross rod (31) and the arc-shaped piece (32);
the cross rod (31) is hinged with the arc-shaped piece (32), and the length of the telescopic piece (33) can drive the cross rod (31) to rotate after being changed.
6. The method for accurately detecting the overlying strata delamination according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: one end of the cross rod (31) far away from the arc-shaped piece (32) is connected with a hemispherical part (311).
7. The method for accurately detecting the overlying strata delamination according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: an indication laser lamp (34) perpendicular to the axis of the drilling tool (4) is fixedly arranged on the cross rod (31).
8. The method for accurately detecting the overlying strata delamination according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the support frame (3) is connected with a transposition pushing piece (51), a fixed part of the transposition pushing piece (51) is connected with the drilling tool (4), and a movable part of the transposition pushing piece (51) is connected with a transposition frame (52);
the drilling push rod (41) is connected to the transposition frame (52), the transposition frame (52) is also connected with a positioning push rod (53), and the positioning push rod (53) is used for pushing the positioning piece (2) into the positioning hole (11).
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