CN113916413A - Fabric pressure sensing array, manufacturing method thereof and pressure distribution detection system - Google Patents
Fabric pressure sensing array, manufacturing method thereof and pressure distribution detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113916413A CN113916413A CN202111104952.4A CN202111104952A CN113916413A CN 113916413 A CN113916413 A CN 113916413A CN 202111104952 A CN202111104952 A CN 202111104952A CN 113916413 A CN113916413 A CN 113916413A
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/18—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/533—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads antistatic; electrically conductive
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/60—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the warp or weft elements other than yarns or threads
Abstract
The invention relates to a fabric pressure sensing array, wherein a plurality of first conductive yarns are arranged on the front surface of a base fabric at intervals along a first direction of the base fabric, a plurality of second conductive yarns are arranged above the plurality of first conductive yarns at intervals along a second direction of the base fabric, and pressure sensing units for realizing circuit conduction are arranged at the intersection of the plurality of first conductive yarns and the plurality of second conductive yarns; a plurality of first non-conductive yarns are arranged on the reverse side of the base fabric at intervals along the first direction of the base fabric and correspond to the positions of the first conductive yarns one by one; the plurality of second non-conductive yarns are arranged above the plurality of first non-conductive yarns at intervals along the second direction of the base fabric and correspond to the positions of the second conductive yarns one by one. The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the fabric pressure sensing array and a distributed pressure detection system of the fabric pressure sensing array; the invention can reduce crosstalk effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of textile and flexible electronics, in particular to a fabric pressure sensing array, a manufacturing method thereof and a pressure distribution detection system.
Background
With the development of the flexible sensor towards the direction of integration and man-machine friendliness, the fabric pressure sensor with force-sensitive response characteristic can convert pressure into an electric signal, has excellent man-machine interaction comfort, environmental friendliness and economy, is easy to integrate into the living environment of people and construct other electronic devices on a fabric substrate under the condition of not interfering the daily life of people, and has huge application potential in sensing monitoring based on the environment. For example, Day et al reported a conventional textile pressure sensing array formed by laminating five layers of textile fabrics, wherein the middle layer is a piezoresistive textile fabric coated with a piezoresistive material, the outer two layers are conductive textile fabrics, and conductive materials are adhered thereon to form a series of parallel elongated conductive strips, the conductive strips on the two layers of conductive textile fabrics are orthogonal to each other and are in contact with the piezoresistive textile fabric, so that a pressure sensing unit is formed at the position where the conductive strips of the two layers of textile fabrics overlap, and one non-conductive textile fabric is provided as a protective layer on the outer side of each of the two layers of conductive textile fabrics (Day N, et al. The fabric pressure sensing array with the design has the soft property, but the thickness is large, so that the fabric pressure sensing array is not beneficial to being integrated into common textiles in life; different layers of fabrics are formed by clamping, overlapping and bonding through bonding materials, so that the mechanical property between the layers is poor and the air permeability is poor; the manufacturing process is complicated, and the scale processing is not easy to realize; in addition, the fabric with the function of pressure resistance is a flexible large-area continuous body, so that the pressure sensing array of the fabric has a remarkable crosstalk phenomenon.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a fabric pressure sensing array, a manufacturing method thereof and a pressure distribution detection system, wherein the manufactured fabric pressure sensing array has good sensitivity to external pressure, and the thickness of the fabric pressure sensing array is obviously reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: providing a fabric pressure sensing array, which comprises a base fabric, a plurality of first conductive yarns, a plurality of second conductive yarns, a plurality of first non-conductive yarns and a plurality of second non-conductive yarns, wherein the plurality of first conductive yarns are arranged on the front surface of the base fabric at intervals along a first direction of the base fabric, the plurality of second conductive yarns are arranged above the plurality of first conductive yarns at intervals along a second direction of the base fabric, pressure sensing units are arranged at intersections of the plurality of first conductive yarns and the plurality of second conductive yarns, and the pressure sensing units under pressure realize circuit conduction of the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns which are connected with the pressure sensing units under pressure;
the plurality of first non-conductive yarns are arranged on the reverse side of the base fabric at intervals along the first direction of the base fabric and correspond to the positions of the first conductive yarns one by one; the plurality of second non-conductive yarns are arranged above the plurality of first non-conductive yarns at intervals along the second direction of the base fabric and correspond to the positions of the second conductive yarns one by one.
The first conductive yarns and the first non-conductive yarns are interwoven in the base fabric every a first preset distance to form first connecting loops; and the second conductive yarns and the second non-conductive yarns are interwoven at intervals of a second preset distance in the base fabric to form second connecting loops.
The positions of the first connecting loops and the positions of the second conductive yarns and the second non-conductive yarns are staggered; the position of the second connecting loop is staggered with the position of the first conductive yarn and the first non-conductive yarn.
The pressure sensing unit is made of a conductive composite material, the components of the conductive composite material comprise a polymer matrix and conductive filler, and the mass percentage of the conductive filler accounts for 5-30 wt% of the conductive composite material.
The polymer matrix is at least one of polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polysiloxane and copolymers thereof.
The conductive filler is at least one of carbon black nano particles, graphite, graphene, carbon nano tubes, silver powder, copper powder, nickel powder, aluminum powder, zinc powder, iron powder and gold powder.
The first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn are both metal-plated conductive yarns; the metal plating material adopted by the metal plating conductive yarn comprises at least one of the following items: silver, copper, nickel, aluminum, zinc, gold, and iron.
The included angle between the first direction of the first conductive yarns and the second direction of the second conductive yarns ranges from 30 degrees to 150 degrees.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method of manufacturing a fabric pressure sensing array is provided, comprising:
step (1): dissolving a polymer matrix in an organic solvent to prepare a polymer solution with the mass fraction of 20-30 wt%;
step (2): adding conductive filler into a polymer solution and uniformly dispersing to prepare a conductive composite material solution, wherein the conductive filler accounts for 1-11 wt% of the conductive composite material solution in percentage by mass;
and (3): sewing the plurality of first conductive yarns and the plurality of first non-conductive yarns on the surfaces of different sides of the base fabric at a first interval by taking the plurality of first conductive yarns as upper yarns and the plurality of first non-conductive yarns as bottom yarns respectively, so that the first conductive yarns and the first non-conductive yarns form first connecting loops at intervals of a first preset distance in the base fabric and the first conductive yarns are in contact with the surface of the base fabric;
and (4): sequentially applying a conductive composite material solution to the first conductive yarns at the connection part of the non-first connection coil and the surface of the base fabric nearby the first conductive yarns to form a conductive composite material solution point array, wherein the minimum distance between adjacent solution points is larger than zero;
and (5): precipitating a solvent in the solution point of the conductive composite material, solidifying the conductive composite material to form a pressure sensing unit, and positioning the pressure sensing unit above the first conductive yarn and the surface of the base fabric nearby the first conductive yarn;
and (6): sewing the plurality of second conductive yarns serving as upper threads and the plurality of second non-conductive yarns serving as bottom threads on the surfaces of different sides of the base fabric at second intervals respectively, enabling the second conductive yarns and the first conductive yarns to be positioned on the surfaces of the same sides of the base fabric and to be crossed mutually, enabling the second conductive yarns and the second non-conductive yarns to form second connecting loops every second preset distance inside the base fabric, enabling the pressure sensing unit to be positioned at the crossed point of the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns, enabling the positions of the second connecting loops formed by the second conductive yarns and the second non-conductive yarns to be staggered mutually with the positions of the pressure sensing unit, enabling the included angle between the second conductive yarns and the first conductive yarns to be within the range of 30-150 degrees, and enabling the second conductive yarns at the non-second connecting loops to be contacted with the pressure sensing unit, and completely separating the first conductive yarn from the second conductive yarn by the pressure sensing unit, and realizing circuit conduction of the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn through the pressure sensing unit to manufacture the fabric pressure sensing array.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a pressure distribution detecting system of above-mentioned fabric pressure sensing array, including signal processing and control module, warp multiplexer, latitudinal direction multiplexer and above-mentioned fabric pressure sensing array, signal processing and control module are connected with the one end of warp multiplexer, latitudinal direction multiplexer's one end electricity respectively, the other end of warp multiplexer is connected with the first electrically conductive yarn electricity of fabric pressure sensing array, the other end of latitudinal direction multiplexer is connected with the second electrically conductive yarn electricity of fabric pressure sensing array through operational amplifier.
Advantageous effects
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects: the fabric pressure sensing array adopts single-layer fabric as a substrate, has simple structure, obviously reduces the thickness of the fabric pressure sensing array, and is easy to be integrated into common fabrics in life such as cushions, backrests, mattresses, bedsheets, sleeping pillows, tablecloths, carpets and the like; the conductive yarns are fixed on the base fabric in a lock seam mode through the non-conductive yarns, so that the reliability of mechanical connection between the conductive yarns and the pressure sensing unit and between the conductive yarns and the base fabric is improved; the bonding material is not needed, so that the air permeability of the fabric pressure sensing array is improved; the manufacturing method is simple, the processing flow is short, and the rapid large-scale preparation is facilitated; the pressure sensing units are distributed in a discrete state, so that the crosstalk effect of the fabric pressure sensing array is obviously reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic surface structure diagram of a side of a fabric pressure sensing array of the present invention on which conductive yarns are located;
FIG. 2 is a schematic surface structure of a side of a fabric pressure sensing array of example 1 of the present invention on which non-conductive yarns are located;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a fabric pressure sensing array of embodiment 1 of the present invention taken along plane A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the resistance versus time and pressure of a single pressure sensing unit in a fabric pressure sensing array according to example 1 of the present invention under periodic alternating pressure in a direction perpendicular to the surface thereof;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fabric pressure sensing array, a signal processing and control module and a data storage and display module connected to form a pressure distribution measuring system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a pressure cloud consisting of pressure distribution data measured by the fabric pressure sensing array of example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fabric pressure sensing array, a signal processing and control module, and a data storage and display module connected to form a pressure distribution measuring system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The embodiment of the invention relates to a fabric pressure sensing array, a manufacturing method thereof and a pressure distribution detection system, which are specifically as follows:
example 1
Fig. 1-3 show schematic structural diagrams of the fabric pressure sensing array 8 of the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fabric pressure sensing array 8 is composed of a base fabric 4, first conductive yarns 1, second conductive yarns 3, first non-conductive yarns 7, second non-conductive yarns 6, and pressure sensing cells 2. In this example, the base fabric 4 has a grammage of 98.8g/m2The warp density is 150 pieces/5 cm, and the weft density is 150 pieces/5 cm. The first conductive yarns 1 and the second conductive yarns 3 are located on the front side of the base fabric 4, and the first non-conductive yarns 7 and the second non-conductive yarns 6 are located on the back side of the base fabric 4. In the present embodiment, the first conductive yarns 1 have 6 pieces in total, and are arranged in the warp direction of the base fabric 4, and the adjacent conductive yarns are arranged uniformly at intervals of 10 mm. The second conductive yarns 3 were arranged in a total of 6 in the weft direction of the base fabric 4, and the adjacent conductive yarns were arranged uniformly at intervals of 10 mm. The included angle between the first conductive yarn 1 and the second conductive yarn 3 is 30-150 degrees, and the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn intersect with each other at an included angle of 90 degrees in the embodiment. The second conductive yarn 3 is positioned above the first conductive yarn 1. The first conductive yarn 1 and the second conductive yarn 3 are silver-plated polyester filament yarns with the linear density of 70D/2 and the unit length resistance of 8.6 omega/cm. The first non-conductive yarns 7 have a total of 6 yarns, are oriented in the warp direction of the base fabric 4, and are positioned one-to-one with the 6 conductive yarns of the first conductive yarns 1. The second non-conductive yarns 6 have 6 yarns in total, are arranged in the weft direction of the base fabric 4, and correspond to the 6 conductive yarns of the second conductive yarns 3 in position one to one. The first non-conductive yarns 7 cross the second non-conductive yarns 6 at an angle of 90 deg.. The second non-conductive yarn 6 is positioned over the first non-conductive yarn 7. The first non-conductive yarns 7 and the second non-conductive yarns 6 are polyester filament yarns with the linear density of 40 s/2. The first conductive yarn 1 and the first non-conductive yarn 7 form a first connecting loop 5 at every 10mm interval in the fabric, and the second conductive yarn 3 and the second non-conductive yarn 6 at every 10m interval in the fabricm form a second connecting coil 9. The first connecting loop 5 is positioned offset from the second conductive yarn 3 and the second non-conductive yarn 6, and the second connecting loop 9 is positioned offset from the first conductive yarn 1 and the first non-conductive yarn 7. The pressure sensing units 2 are positioned on the front surface of the base fabric 4, and 36 pressure sensing units are respectively positioned at 36 intersections formed by the first conductive yarns 1 and the second conductive yarns 3. The position of the pressure sensing unit 2 and the positions of the first connecting coil 5 and the second connecting coil 9 are offset from each other. The pressure sensing unit 2 is located between the first conductive yarn 1 and the second conductive yarn 3, i.e. the pressure sensing unit 2 is located above the first conductive yarn 1 and the second conductive yarn 3 is located above the pressure sensing unit 2. The pressure sensing unit 2 completely separates the first conductive yarn 1 from the second conductive yarn 3, and the first conductive yarn 1 and the second conductive yarn 3 are electrically connected through the pressure sensing unit 2.
The pressure sensing unit 2 is a conductive composite material, and comprises a polymer matrix and conductive filler, wherein the conductive filler accounts for 5 wt% -30 wt% of the conductive composite material, and the proportioning range can enable the pressure sensing unit 2 to have good sensitivity, and meanwhile, the pressure sensing unit has the advantages of raw material saving, convenience in forming of the sensing unit and the like. In this embodiment, the polymer matrix is polyurethane with a molecular weight of 30000, the conductive filler is carbon black nanoparticles with a particle size of 30nm, and the mass percentage of the carbon black nanoparticles in the conductive composite material is 25 wt%. The pressure sensing units 2 are circular, the diameter is 3mm, and the center distance between the adjacent pressure sensing units 2 is 10 mm.
The manufacturing method of the fabric pressure sensing array 8 comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding polyurethane resin (molecular weight is 30000) into N, N-dimethylformamide solvent to prepare polyurethane solution with mass fraction of 20 wt%.
Step 2: adding carbon black nano particles with the particle size of 30nm into the polyurethane solution, uniformly stirring for 3min by using a stirring rod, and then putting the stirred solution into an ultrasonic dispersion instrument for dispersing for 40min to uniformly disperse the carbon black nano particles in the solution to prepare a carbon black/polyurethane composite solution with the mass fraction of the carbon black of 6.67 wt%.
And step 3: the first conductive yarn 1 is taken as an upper thread, the first non-conductive yarn 7 is taken as a bottom thread, the first conductive yarn 1 and the first non-conductive yarn 7 are respectively sewn on the front surface and the back surface of the base fabric 4 at intervals of 10mm along the warp direction of the base fabric 4 by a sewing machine according to a lock sewing method, so that the first conductive yarn 1 and the first non-conductive yarn 7 form firm first connecting loops 5 at intervals of 10mm in the fabric, and the first conductive yarn 1 is in close contact with the surface of the base fabric 4.
And 4, step 4: A6X 6 circular hole array having a diameter of 3mm and a center distance of 10mm was formed on a mask thereof by a screen printing method. The carbon black/polyurethane composite solution is printed on the first conductive yarn 1 between the adjacent first connecting loops 5 and the fabric front surface nearby the first conductive yarn to form a 6 x 6 carbon black/polyurethane composite solution dot array, and the printing process is repeated 3 times.
And 5: the base fabric 4 sewn with the first conductive yarns 1 and the first non-conductive yarns 7 and applied with the carbon black/polyurethane composite solution dot array is placed in an oven and dried at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 30min, so that N, N-dimethylformamide in the carbon black/polyurethane composite solution dots is dissolved out, the carbon black/polyurethane conductive composite material is solidified, an array of pressure sensing units 2 is formed, and the pressure sensing units 2 are positioned above the first conductive yarns 1 and the fabric surface nearby.
Step 6: sewing the second conductive yarn 3 and the second non-conductive yarn 6 on the front surface and the back surface of the base fabric 4 respectively at intervals of 10mm along the latitudinal direction of the base fabric 4 by using a sewing machine with the second conductive yarn 3 as an upper thread and the second non-conductive yarn 6 as a lower thread according to a lock stitch method, enabling the second conductive yarn 3 and the first conductive yarn 1 to be crossed at an included angle of 90 degrees, enabling the second non-conductive yarn 6 and the first non-conductive yarn 7 to be crossed at an included angle of 90 degrees, enabling the second conductive yarn 3 and the second non-conductive yarn 6 to form a firm second connecting coil 9 at an interval of 10mm in the fabric, enabling the pressure sensing unit 2 to be positioned at the crossed point of the first conductive yarn 1 and the second conductive yarn 3, enabling the position of the second connecting coil 9 to be staggered with the position of the pressure sensing unit 2, enabling the second conductive yarn 3 at the non-second connecting coil 9 to be tightly contacted with the pressure sensing unit 2, and (3) enabling the first conductive yarn 1 and the second conductive yarn 3 to realize circuit conduction through the pressure sensing unit 2, and manufacturing the fabric pressure sensing array 8.
And applying periodic alternating pressure perpendicular to the surface direction to one pressure sensing unit 2 of the fabric pressure sensing array 8 to test the resistance value of the pressure sensing unit 2 along with the change of the pressure. During the test, one ends of the first conductive yarn 1 and the second conductive yarn 3 intersecting at the pressure sensing unit 2 were respectively connected to a TH2832 type digital bridge to record the resistance value of the pressure sensing unit 2, and the pressure acting frequency was 1/12 Hz. Fig. 4 shows the resistance of the pressure sensing unit 2 as a function of time and pressure during the pressure is cyclically applied for 16 cycles in the range of 0N-0.3N-0N. As can be seen from the figure, when the pressure is increased from 0N to 0.3N, the thickness of the pressure sensing unit 2 is gradually reduced by the pressure, and the distance between the conductive fiber bundles in the first conductive yarn 1 and the pressure sensing unit 2 is reduced and the contact points are increased, and the distance between the pressure sensing unit 2 and the conductive fiber bundles in the second conductive yarn 3 is reduced and the contact points are increased. The above-mentioned variations result in a significant drop in the measurement resistance of the pressure sensing unit 2. When the pressure reaches a maximum value of 0.3N, the measured resistance of the pressure sensing unit 2 reaches a minimum value. Subsequently, when the pressure is reduced from 0.3N to 0N, the thickness of the pressure sensing unit 2 is gradually restored from the minimum value to the initial thickness, and the spacing between the conductive fiber bundle in the first conductive yarn 1 and the pressure sensing unit 2 is gradually increased from the minimum value, the number of contact points is gradually decreased from the maximum value, the spacing between the pressure sensing unit 2 and the conductive fiber bundle in the second conductive yarn 3 is gradually increased from the minimum value, and the number of contact points is gradually decreased from the maximum value. The above change causes the measured resistance of the pressure sensing unit 2 to gradually increase from the minimum value and return to the vicinity of the initial value. In the above process, the resistance of the pressure sensing unit 2 changes significantly with the change of the pressure, which indicates that the fabric pressure sensing array 8 has good sensitivity. Meanwhile, in the process of 16 cycles of cyclic pressurization-depressurization, the resistance change characteristics of the pressure sensing units 2 of the fabric pressure sensing array 8 in each test cycle have good repeatability, and the minimum value (the maximum value corresponding to the pressure) and the maximum value (the minimum value corresponding to the pressure) on the resistance change curve can be kept stable, which indicates that the fabric pressure sensing array 8 has good elastic resilience and good electrical stability.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the fabric pressure sensing array 8 in this embodiment connected with the signal processing and control module 10 and the data storage and display module 11 to form the pressure distribution measuring system 12. As shown in fig. 5, in the pressure distribution measuring system 12, 6 warp wires 25 are used to make one-to-one electrical connection with the first conductive yarn 1, and 6 weft wires 26 are used to make one-to-one electrical connection with the second conductive yarn 3. The other end of the warp-wise conducting wire 25 is connected with the warp-wise multiplexer 13, the other end of the weft-wise conducting wire 26 is connected with the operational amplifier 15, the operational amplifier 15 is connected with the weft-wise multiplexer 14 through a first conducting wire 21, the warp-wise multiplexer 13 is connected with the signal processing and control module 10 through a second conducting wire 22, the weft-wise multiplexer 14 is connected with the programmable control amplifier 16 through a third conducting wire 23, and the programmable control amplifier 16 is connected with the signal processing and control module 10 through a fourth conducting wire 24. The signal processing and control module 10 comprises a microcontroller 17, an analog-to-digital converter 18, a digital-to-analog converter 19 and a wireless communication module 20, wherein the microcontroller 17 is configured to send control signals and collect measurement data, and the digital-to-analog converter 19 receives the control signals to generate test voltages to be applied to each matrix-addressed pressure sensing unit 2. The signal processing and control module 10 addresses the pressure sensing cells 2 in the fabric pressure sensing array 8 by connecting one terminal of a voltage source controlled by a digital to analog converter 19 to one of the second conductive yarns 3 selected by the weft multiplexer 14 while connecting the other terminal to one of the first conductive yarns 1 selected by the warp multiplexer 13. The operational amplifier 15 converts the current of each row of pressure sensing units 2 into voltage, the programmable control amplifier 16 amplifies the output voltage, and the analog-to-digital converter 18 converts the voltage measurement value of the pressure sensing units 2 under the action of pressure into digital data to be transmitted to the microcontroller 17. The microcontroller 17 calculates the resistance value of the selected pressure sensing cell 2 using a program written therein in advance. The microcontroller 17 continuously sends out control signals to cause the weft multiplexer 14 and the warp multiplexer 13 to measure the instantaneous resistance values of all the pressure sensing cells 2 of the fabric pressure sensing array 8 at a certain frequency (higher than the frequency of the variation of the pressure acting on the fabric pressure sensing array 8) and to calculate the instantaneous pressure value applied to each pressure sensing cell 2. The signal processing and control module 10 transmits the measured pressure acting on the fabric pressure sensing array 8 to the data storage and display module 11 through the wireless communication module 20. In the present embodiment, the data storage and display module 11 is a computer. The computer stores the pressure values in data form and displays the pressure values on a display screen of the computer in the form of a pressure cloud, as shown in fig. 6.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 7, a schematic diagram of a fabric pressure sensing array 8, a signal processing and control module 10 and a data storage and display module 11 connected to form a pressure distribution measuring system 12 is provided in this embodiment. The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the data storage and display module 11 is a mobile terminal (which may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc.). The wireless communication module 20 on the signal processing and control module 10 performs wireless communication with the mobile terminal. The signal processing and control module 10 transmits the measured pressure value acting on the fabric pressure sensing array 8 to the mobile terminal through the wireless communication, and the mobile terminal stores the pressure value in a data form and displays the pressure value in a pressure cloud chart form.
Therefore, the fabric pressure sensing array adopts the single-layer fabric as the substrate, has a simple structure, and obviously reduces the thickness of the fabric pressure sensing array; the conductive yarns are fixed on the base fabric in a lock seam mode through the non-conductive yarns, so that the reliability of mechanical connection between the conductive yarns and the pressure sensing unit and between the conductive yarns and the base fabric is improved; the bonding material is not needed, so that the air permeability of the fabric pressure sensing array is improved; the manufacturing method is simple, the processing flow is short, and the rapid large-scale preparation is facilitated; the pressure sensing units are distributed in a discrete state, so that the crosstalk effect of the fabric pressure sensing array is obviously reduced.
Claims (10)
1. A fabric pressure sensing array is characterized by comprising a base fabric (4), a plurality of first conductive yarns (1), a plurality of second conductive yarns (3), a plurality of first non-conductive yarns (7) and a plurality of second non-conductive yarns (6), the plurality of first conductive yarns (1) are arranged on the front surface of the base fabric (4) at intervals along the first direction of the base fabric (4), the plurality of second conductive yarns (3) are arranged above the plurality of first conductive yarns (1) at intervals along the second direction of the base fabric (4), the pressure sensing unit (2) is arranged at the intersection of the first conductive yarns (1) and the second conductive yarns (3), and the pressure sensing unit (2) subjected to pressure realizes circuit conduction of the first conductive yarns (1) and the second conductive yarns (3) connected with the pressure sensing unit (2) subjected to pressure;
the plurality of first non-conductive yarns (7) are arranged on the reverse side of the base fabric (4) at intervals along the first direction of the base fabric (4) and correspond to the positions of the first conductive yarns (1) one by one; the second non-conductive yarns (6) are arranged above the first non-conductive yarns (7) at intervals along the second direction of the base fabric (4) and correspond to the positions of the second conductive yarns (3) one by one.
2. A fabric pressure sensing array according to claim 1, characterized in that the first conductive yarns (1) are interwoven with first non-conductive yarns (7) at every first preset distance inside the base fabric (4) to form first connection loops (5); the second conductive yarns (3) and the second non-conductive yarns (6) are interwoven every second preset distance inside the base fabric (4) to form second connecting loops (9).
3. The fabric pressure sensing array according to claim 2, wherein the position of the first connecting loops (5) is mutually staggered from the position of the second conductive yarns (3) and the second non-conductive yarns (6); the position of the second connecting loop (9) and the positions of the first conductive yarn (1) and the first non-conductive yarn (7) are staggered.
4. The fabric pressure sensing array according to claim 1, wherein the pressure sensing cells (2) are made of a conductive composite, the components of the conductive composite comprising a polymer matrix and a conductive filler, the conductive filler being present in a mass percentage of 5 wt% to 30 wt% of the conductive composite.
5. The fabric pressure sensing array of claim 4, wherein the polymer matrix is at least one of polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polysiloxane, and copolymers thereof.
6. The fabric pressure sensing array of claim 4, wherein the conductive filler is at least one of carbon black nanoparticles, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes, silver powder, copper powder, nickel powder, aluminum powder, zinc powder, iron powder, and gold powder.
7. The fabric pressure sensing array according to claim 1, wherein the first conductive yarn (1) and the second conductive yarn (3) are both metallized conductive yarns; the metal plating material adopted by the metal plating conductive yarn comprises at least one of the following items: silver, copper, nickel, aluminum, zinc, gold, and iron.
8. The fabric pressure sensing array according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the first direction in which the first conductive yarns (1) are located and the second direction in which the second conductive yarns (3) are located is in the range of 30 ° to 150 °.
9. A method of manufacturing a fabric pressure sensing array, comprising:
step (1): dissolving a polymer matrix in an organic solvent to prepare a polymer solution with the mass fraction of 20-30 wt%;
step (2): adding conductive filler into a polymer solution and uniformly dispersing to prepare a conductive composite material solution, wherein the conductive filler accounts for 1-11 wt% of the conductive composite material solution in percentage by mass;
and (3): sewing the plurality of first conductive yarns (1) and the plurality of first non-conductive yarns (7) on the surfaces of different sides of the base fabric (4) at first intervals by taking the plurality of first conductive yarns (1) as upper threads and the plurality of first non-conductive yarns (7) as bottom threads, so that the first conductive yarns (1) and the first non-conductive yarns (7) form first connecting loops (5) in the base fabric (4) at intervals of a first preset distance, and the first conductive yarns (1) are in surface contact with the base fabric (4);
and (4): sequentially applying conductive composite material solution to the surfaces of the first conductive yarns (1) at the joints of the non-first connecting loops (5) and the base fabric (4) nearby the first conductive yarns to form a conductive composite material solution point array, wherein the minimum distance between adjacent solution points is larger than zero;
and (5): precipitating a solvent in the solution point of the conductive composite material, solidifying the conductive composite material to form a pressure sensing unit (2), and enabling the pressure sensing unit (2) to be positioned above the first conductive yarn (1) and the surface of the base fabric (4) nearby the first conductive yarn;
and (6): a plurality of second conductive yarns (3) are taken as upper threads, a plurality of second non-conductive yarns (6) are taken as bottom threads, the plurality of second conductive yarns (3) and the plurality of second non-conductive yarns (6) are respectively sewn on the surfaces of different sides of the base fabric (4) at second intervals, the second conductive yarns (3) and the first conductive yarns (1) are positioned on the surfaces of the same sides of the base fabric (4) and are crossed with each other, the second conductive yarns (3) and the second non-conductive yarns (6) form second connecting loops (9) at intervals of a second preset distance in the base fabric (4), the pressure sensing unit (2) is positioned at the crossed point of the first conductive yarns (1) and the second conductive yarns (3), and the position of the second connecting loop (9) formed by the second conductive yarns (3) and the second non-conductive yarns (6) is staggered with the position of the pressure sensing unit (2), and enabling the included angle between the second conductive yarn (3) and the first conductive yarn (1) to be within the range of 30-150 degrees, enabling the second conductive yarn (3) at the position of the non-second connecting coil (9) to be in contact with the pressure sensing unit (2), enabling the pressure sensing unit (2) to completely separate the first conductive yarn (1) from the second conductive yarn (3), and enabling the first conductive yarn (1) and the second conductive yarn (3) to be in circuit conduction through the pressure sensing unit (2) to manufacture the fabric pressure sensing array.
10. A pressure distribution detection system, characterized by comprising a signal processing and control module (10), a warp-wise multiplexer (13), a weft-wise multiplexer (14) and the fabric pressure sensing array according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the signal processing and control module (10) is electrically connected with one end of the warp-wise multiplexer (13) and one end of the weft-wise multiplexer (14), respectively, the other end of the warp-wise multiplexer (13) is electrically connected with a first conductive yarn (1) of the fabric pressure sensing array, and the other end of the weft-wise multiplexer (14) is electrically connected with a second conductive yarn (3) of the fabric pressure sensing array through an operational amplifier (15).
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