CN113912306A - Processing technology for reducing self-explosion rate of toughened glass - Google Patents
Processing technology for reducing self-explosion rate of toughened glass Download PDFInfo
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- CN113912306A CN113912306A CN202010588575.5A CN202010588575A CN113912306A CN 113912306 A CN113912306 A CN 113912306A CN 202010588575 A CN202010588575 A CN 202010588575A CN 113912306 A CN113912306 A CN 113912306A
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- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RTHYXYOJKHGZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium nitrate Inorganic materials [Rb+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O RTHYXYOJKHGZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KHAUBYTYGDOYRU-IRXASZMISA-N trospectomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]([C@H]1O2)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](NC)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@]2(O)C(=O)C[C@@H](CCCC)O1 KHAUBYTYGDOYRU-IRXASZMISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
- B32B17/10871—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing in combination with particular heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/022—Mechanical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
- C03B27/04—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C23/00—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
- C03C23/007—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments by thermal treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of glass materials, in particular to a processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of toughened glass, which comprises the following steps: pretreating a glass substrate; tempering treatment; hot dipping treatment; and (5) explosion-proof treatment. The invention solves the problem of high self-explosion rate of toughened glass in the prior art. The processing technology can avoid the problem that the glass substrate is warped and broken due to uneven stress distribution in the toughening process through preheating. The tempering treatment is followed by hot dipping treatment and explosion-proof treatment to reduce the possibility of spontaneous explosion of the finished product. The toughened glass finally prepared has the advantages of high strength, uniform stress distribution and low spontaneous explosion possibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of glass materials, in particular to a processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of toughened glass.
Background
The toughened glass belongs to safety glass. The tempered glass is actually prestressed glass, and in order to improve the strength of the glass, a chemical or physical method is usually used to form compressive stress on the surface of the glass, and the glass firstly counteracts surface stress when bearing external force, so that the bearing capacity is improved, and the wind pressure resistance, the cold and hot property, the impact property and the like of the glass are enhanced.
Compared with common glass, the strength of the toughened glass is improved by several times and is bending resistant. The bearing capacity of the toughened glass is increased, so that the fragile property of the glass is improved, small fragments without acute angles are formed even if the toughened glass is damaged, and the damage to a human body is greatly reduced.
During the manufacturing process of the glass, a special impurity called nickel sulfide sometimes remains in the glass. It is special because it does not expand with heat and contract with cold like ordinary substances, but rather, it expands with heat and contracts with cold. Such tempered glass can often auto-explode after being manufactured, thereby affecting the quality and useful life of the tempered glass. In the prior art, the self-explosion rate of toughened glass is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of tempered glass, which is used for solving the problem of high self-explosion rate of tempered glass in the prior art. The processing technology can avoid the problem that the glass substrate is warped and broken due to uneven stress distribution in the toughening process through preheating. The tempering treatment is followed by hot dipping treatment and explosion-proof treatment to reduce the possibility of spontaneous explosion of the finished product. The toughened glass finally prepared has the advantages of high strength, uniform stress distribution and low spontaneous explosion possibility.
In order to attain the above and other related objects,
the invention provides a processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of toughened glass, which comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of the glass substrate: selecting a glass substrate for cutting and washing, then immersing the glass substrate into a nitrate solution, taking out the glass substrate, putting the glass substrate into a high-temperature furnace, and heating to 500-550 ℃ at a speed of 10-30 ℃/min for preheating to obtain a preheated glass substrate;
s2, tempering treatment: transferring the preheated glass substrate in the S1 into a convection tempering furnace, heating to 780-820 ℃ and keeping for 300-420S, then conveying the glass substrate into an air grid, cooling the glass substrate by using cold air with the pressure of 15-17 kPa, cooling to 220 ℃, and then continuing to cool to 30 ℃ by water to obtain the tempered glass substrate;
s3, hot dipping treatment: heating the tempered glass substrate in the step S2 to 250-260 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 min, continuing to heat to 260-270 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 min, finally heating to 270-280 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5-2.5 h to obtain a hot-dip treated glass substrate;
s4, explosion-proof treatment: and (5) attaching the explosion-proof membrane to the surface of the glass substrate subjected to the hot dipping treatment in S3, and performing hot-pressing attachment to obtain the explosion-proof membrane.
The nitrate solution can be attached to the surface of the glass substrate after the glass substrate is soaked by the nitrate solution, and metal ions can diffuse and permeate into the glass substrate due to the existence of concentration difference in the preheating process, so that the condition that the glass substrate is broken due to uneven stress in the heating process is avoided. The nitrate solution can effectively prevent the glass substrate from warping.
The stress distribution of the glass substrate after the preheating treatment is uniform and the fracture of the glass substrate is not easy to occur in the toughening treatment process, and the glass substrate after the toughening treatment has the advantages of high strength, uniform stress distribution and low spontaneous explosion possibility.
The toughened glass base material is subjected to hot dipping treatment, so that the self-explosion of the toughened glass is reduced. The method adopts a gradient temperature rise mode in the heating process, can effectively solve the problem that the nickel sulfide can not completely change phase due to low heating temperature, thereby weakening the effect of hot dipping, and can also effectively avoid the problem that the nickel sulfide reversely changes phase due to too high heating temperature. The self-explosion rate of the treated toughened glass is obviously reduced and the effect of hot dipping treatment is obvious by carrying out hot dipping treatment through gradient temperature rise.
And finally, a layer of explosion-proof membrane is attached to the glass substrate in a hot-pressing manner, so that the self-explosion rate of the toughened glass can be effectively reduced.
The processing technology can avoid the problem that the glass substrate is warped and broken due to uneven stress distribution in the toughening process through preheating. The tempering treatment is followed by hot dipping treatment and explosion-proof treatment to reduce the possibility of spontaneous explosion of the finished product. The toughened glass finally prepared has the advantages of high strength, uniform stress distribution and low spontaneous explosion possibility.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the nitrate solution is at least one of a sodium nitrate aqueous solution, a potassium nitrate aqueous solution, and a rubidium nitrate aqueous solution.
The nitrate solution can be attached to the surface of the glass substrate after the glass substrate is soaked by the nitrate solution, and metal ions can diffuse and permeate into the glass substrate due to the existence of concentration difference in the preheating process, so that the condition that the glass substrate is broken due to uneven stress in the heating process is avoided. The nitrate solution can effectively prevent the glass substrate from warping.
The sources of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate are wide, the cost is low, and sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate are generally selected.
In an embodiment of the invention, the temperature increase rate in S1 is 15-25 ℃/min; preheating temperature in S1 is 520-550 ℃; the preheating time in S1 is: heating is carried out according to the thickness of the glass substrate and the temperature is 60-80 s/mm.
In the preheating process, the problem of uneven stress distribution in the glass substrate is avoided without sudden temperature rise.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the heating temperature of the convection tempering furnace in S2 is 800 ℃, and the heating time is 360S.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the cool air in S2 is 16 kPa.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the hot dipping process in S3 specifically includes: and (3) heating the tempered glass substrate in the step (S2) to 260 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, continuously heating to 270 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, finally heating to 280 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5h to obtain the glass substrate.
The hot dipping treatment is also called homogenization treatment, and is commonly called detonation. The hot dipping treatment is to heat the toughened glass and preserve heat for a certain time to promote nickel sulfide to quickly finish crystal phase transformation in the toughened glass, so that the toughened glass which is probably self-exploded after being used originally is artificially broken in advance in a hot dipping furnace of a factory, and the self-explosion of the toughened glass in use after being installed is reduced.
The self-explosion rate of the treated toughened glass is obviously reduced and the effect of hot dipping treatment is obvious by carrying out hot dipping treatment through gradient temperature rise.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the explosion-proof film in S4 is a PVB film.
PVB is a condensation product of polyvinyl alcohol and butyraldehyde, and has high transparency, cold resistance, impact resistance and ultraviolet radiation resistance. Has good binding power with metal, glass, wood, ceramic, fiber products and the like.
The existing PVB film is generally used for manufacturing an interlayer material or surface layer protection of safety glass, and the manufactured safety glass has the advantages of good transparency and high impact strength and is widely used in the fields of aviation and automobiles.
In an embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the hot pressing and bonding in S4 is 500-600 ℃, and the pressure is 20-30 Mpa.
As mentioned above, the processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of the toughened glass has the following beneficial effects:
1. the nitrate solution can be attached to the surface of the glass substrate after the glass substrate is soaked by the nitrate solution, and metal ions can diffuse and permeate into the glass substrate due to the existence of concentration difference in the preheating process, so that the condition that the glass substrate is broken due to uneven stress in the heating process is avoided. The nitrate solution can effectively prevent the glass substrate from warping. The stress distribution of the glass substrate after the preheating treatment is uniform and the fracture of the glass substrate is not easy to occur in the toughening treatment process, and the glass substrate after the toughening treatment has the advantages of high strength, uniform stress distribution and low spontaneous explosion possibility.
2. The toughened glass base material is subjected to hot dipping treatment, so that the self-explosion of the toughened glass is reduced. The method adopts a gradient temperature rise mode in the heating process, can effectively solve the problem that the nickel sulfide can not completely change phase due to low heating temperature, thereby weakening the effect of hot dipping, and can also effectively avoid the problem that the nickel sulfide reversely changes phase due to too high heating temperature. The self-explosion rate of the treated toughened glass is obviously reduced and the effect of hot dipping treatment is obvious by carrying out hot dipping treatment through gradient temperature rise. And finally, a layer of explosion-proof membrane is attached to the glass substrate in a hot-pressing manner, so that the self-explosion rate of the toughened glass can be effectively reduced.
3. The processing technology can avoid the problem that the glass substrate is warped and broken due to uneven stress distribution in the toughening process through preheating. The tempering treatment is followed by hot dipping treatment and explosion-proof treatment to reduce the possibility of spontaneous explosion of the finished product. The toughened glass finally prepared has the advantages of high strength, uniform stress distribution and low spontaneous explosion possibility.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Example 1
A processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of toughened glass comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of the glass substrate: selecting a glass substrate and cutting the glass substrate according to production requirements; edging and cleaning the cut glass substrate; and then immersing the glass substrate into a nitrate solution (a sodium nitrate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 40%), taking out the glass substrate, putting the glass substrate into a high-temperature furnace, and heating the glass substrate to 500 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min for preheating, wherein the preheating time is as follows: heating according to the thickness of a glass substrate (4 mm glass substrate is selected) and 80s/mm to obtain a preheated glass substrate;
s2, tempering treatment: transferring the preheated glass substrate in the S1 into a convection tempering furnace, heating to 780 ℃ and keeping for 420S, then conveying the glass substrate into an air grid, cooling the glass substrate by using cold air with the pressure of 15kPa, cooling to 220 ℃, and then continuing to cool to 30 ℃ by water, thus obtaining the tempered glass substrate;
s3, hot dipping treatment: heating the tempered glass substrate in the step S2 to 250 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, continuing to heat to 260 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, finally heating to 270 ℃, and preserving heat for 2.5h to obtain a hot-dipped glass substrate;
s4, explosion-proof treatment: and (3) attaching an explosion-proof film (a PVB film with the thickness of 0.30mm) to the surface of the glass substrate subjected to the hot dipping treatment in the S3, and performing hot-pressing attachment (preheating for 240S at 500 ℃ by a flat press, cooling for 180S, and then putting into a high-pressure kettle for high-pressure pressing under 20 Mpa) to obtain the glass substrate.
Example 2
A processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of toughened glass comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of the glass substrate: selecting a glass substrate and cutting the glass substrate according to production requirements; edging and cleaning the cut glass substrate; and then immersing the glass substrate into a nitrate solution (a potassium nitrate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 40%), taking out the glass substrate, putting the glass substrate into a high-temperature furnace, and heating the glass substrate to 550 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/min for preheating, wherein the preheating time is as follows: heating according to the thickness of a glass substrate (4 mm glass substrate is selected) and 60s/mm to obtain a preheated glass substrate;
s2, tempering treatment: transferring the preheated glass substrate in the S1 into a convection tempering furnace, heating to 820 ℃ and keeping for 300S, then conveying the glass substrate into an air grid, cooling the glass substrate by using cold air with the pressure of 17kPa, cooling to 220 ℃, and then continuing to cool to 30 ℃ by water, thus obtaining the tempered glass substrate;
s3, hot dipping treatment: heating the tempered glass substrate in the step S2 to 260 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, continuing heating to 270 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, finally heating to 280 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5h to obtain a hot-dipped glass substrate;
s4, explosion-proof treatment: and (3) attaching an explosion-proof film (a PVB film with the thickness of 0.40mm) to the surface of the glass substrate subjected to the hot dipping treatment in the S3, and performing hot-pressing attachment (preheating for 240S at 500 ℃ by a flat press, cooling for 180S, and then placing the glass substrate into a high-pressure kettle for high-pressure pressing under 30 Mpa) to obtain the glass substrate.
Example 3
A processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of toughened glass comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of the glass substrate: selecting a glass substrate and cutting the glass substrate according to production requirements; edging and cleaning the cut glass substrate; and then immersing the glass substrate into a nitrate solution (40 mass percent of rubidium nitrate aqueous solution), taking out the glass substrate, putting the glass substrate into a high-temperature furnace, and heating the glass substrate to 520 ℃ at a speed of 15 ℃/min for preheating, wherein the preheating time is as follows: heating according to the thickness of a glass substrate (4 mm glass substrate is selected) and 70s/mm to obtain a preheated glass substrate;
s2, tempering treatment: transferring the preheated glass substrate in the S1 into a convection tempering furnace, heating to 800 ℃ and keeping for 360 seconds, then conveying the glass substrate into an air grid, cooling the glass substrate by using cold air with the pressure of 16kPa, cooling to 220 ℃, and then continuing to cool to 30 ℃ by water, thus obtaining the tempered glass substrate;
s3, hot dipping treatment: heating the tempered glass substrate in the step S2 to 260 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, continuing to heat to 270 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, and finally heating to 280 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 1.5h to obtain a hot-dipped glass substrate;
s4, explosion-proof treatment: and (3) attaching an explosion-proof film (a PVB film with the thickness of 0.40mm) to the surface of the glass substrate subjected to the hot dipping treatment in the S3, and performing hot-pressing attachment (a flat press is preheated for 220S at 550 ℃, cooled for 160S, and then placed into a high-pressure kettle to perform high-pressure pressing under 25 Mpa), thus obtaining the glass substrate.
Example 4
A processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of toughened glass comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of the glass substrate: selecting a glass substrate and cutting the glass substrate according to production requirements; edging and cleaning the cut glass substrate; and then immersing the glass substrate into a nitrate solution (a sodium nitrate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 40%), taking out the glass substrate, putting the glass substrate into a high-temperature furnace, and heating the glass substrate to 550 ℃ at the speed of 25 ℃/min for preheating, wherein the preheating time is as follows: heating according to the thickness of a glass substrate (4 mm glass substrate is selected) and 70s/mm to obtain a preheated glass substrate;
s2, tempering treatment: transferring the preheated glass substrate in the S1 into a convection tempering furnace, heating to 800 ℃ and keeping for 360 seconds, then conveying the glass substrate into an air grid, cooling the glass substrate by using cold air with the pressure of 16kPa, cooling to 220 ℃, and then continuing to cool to 30 ℃ by water, thus obtaining the tempered glass substrate;
s3, hot dipping treatment: heating the tempered glass substrate in the step S2 to 260 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, continuing to heat to 270 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, and finally heating to 280 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 1.5h to obtain a hot-dipped glass substrate;
s4, explosion-proof treatment: and (3) attaching an explosion-proof film (a PVB film with the thickness of 0.40mm) to the surface of the glass substrate subjected to the hot dipping treatment in the S3, and performing hot-pressing attachment (a flat press is preheated for 220S at 550 ℃, cooled for 160S, and then placed into a high-pressure kettle to perform high-pressure pressing under 25 Mpa), thus obtaining the glass substrate.
Example 5
A processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of toughened glass comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of the glass substrate: selecting a glass substrate and cutting the glass substrate according to production requirements; edging and cleaning the cut glass substrate; and then immersing the glass substrate into a nitrate solution (a sodium nitrate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 40%), taking out the glass substrate, putting the glass substrate into a high-temperature furnace, and heating the glass substrate to 530 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min for preheating, wherein the preheating time is as follows: heating according to the thickness of a glass substrate (4 mm glass substrate is selected) and 70s/mm to obtain a preheated glass substrate;
s2, tempering treatment: transferring the preheated glass substrate in the S1 into a convection tempering furnace, heating to 800 ℃ and keeping for 360 seconds, then conveying the glass substrate into an air grid, cooling the glass substrate by using cold air with the pressure of 16kPa, cooling to 220 ℃, and then continuing to cool to 30 ℃ by water, thus obtaining the tempered glass substrate;
s3, hot dipping treatment: heating the tempered glass substrate in the step S2 to 260 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, continuing to heat to 270 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, and finally heating to 280 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 1.5h to obtain a hot-dipped glass substrate;
s4, explosion-proof treatment: and (3) attaching an explosion-proof film (a PVB film with the thickness of 0.40mm) to the surface of the glass substrate subjected to the hot dipping treatment in the S3, and performing hot-pressing attachment (a flat press is preheated for 220S at 550 ℃, cooled for 160S, and then placed into a high-pressure kettle to perform high-pressure pressing under 25 Mpa), thus obtaining the glass substrate.
The final products of examples 1 to 5 were subjected to a surface stress test and a stress spot test, and the test results are shown in table 1.
And (3) surface stress test: and detecting by using a FSM-60LE toughened glass surface stress tester. The test is carried out on three points on the surface of the tempered glass, wherein the distance between the three points is at least 10 cm.
And (3) stress spot testing: the toughened glass outdoor observation image is not deformed, the flatness is good, the edge effect deformation is slight when the toughened glass outdoor observation image is observed, the whole image observation effect is not deformed, and the stress spot cannot be seen by naked eyes, namely the toughened glass outdoor observation image is qualified; the stress spot was visually observed and was regarded as defective.
Table 1
As can be seen from table 1, the tempered glasses of examples 1 to 5 have uniform surface stress, strong surface stress, and the flattest surface. From the stress spot test, no obvious stress spot appears in examples 1 to 5.
In conclusion, the processing technology provided by the invention can avoid the problem of warping and breaking caused by uneven stress distribution in the toughening process of the glass substrate through preheating. The tempering treatment is followed by hot dipping treatment and explosion-proof treatment to reduce the possibility of spontaneous explosion of the finished product. The toughened glass finally prepared has the advantages of high strength, uniform stress distribution and low spontaneous explosion possibility. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of toughened glass is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, pretreatment of the glass substrate: selecting a glass substrate for cutting and washing, then immersing the glass substrate into a nitrate solution, taking out the glass substrate, putting the glass substrate into a high-temperature furnace, and heating to 500-550 ℃ at a speed of 10-30 ℃/min for preheating to obtain a preheated glass substrate;
s2, tempering treatment: transferring the preheated glass substrate in the S1 into a convection tempering furnace, heating to 780-820 ℃ and keeping for 300-420S, then conveying the glass substrate into an air grid, cooling the glass substrate by using cold air with the pressure of 15-17 kPa, cooling to 220 ℃, and then continuing to cool to 30 ℃ by water to obtain the tempered glass substrate;
s3, hot dipping treatment: heating the tempered glass substrate in the step S2 to 250-260 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 min, continuing to heat to 260-270 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 min, finally heating to 270-280 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5-2.5 h to obtain a hot-dip treated glass substrate;
s4, explosion-proof treatment: and (5) attaching the explosion-proof membrane to the surface of the glass substrate subjected to the hot dipping treatment in S3, and performing hot-pressing attachment to obtain the explosion-proof membrane.
2. The processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of the toughened glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nitrate solution is at least one of a sodium nitrate aqueous solution, a potassium nitrate aqueous solution and a rubidium nitrate aqueous solution.
3. The processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of the tempered glass according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the temperature rise rate in the S1 is 15-25 ℃/min; preheating temperature in S1 is 520-550 ℃; the preheating time in S1 is: heating is carried out according to the thickness of the glass substrate and the temperature is 60-80 s/mm.
4. The processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of the toughened glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the heating temperature of the convection tempering furnace in the S2 is 800 ℃, and the heating time is 360S.
5. The processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of the tempered glass according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: the pressure of the cold air in S2 was 16 kPa.
6. The processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of the toughened glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hot dipping treatment in the S3 specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) heating the tempered glass substrate in the step (S2) to 260 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, continuously heating to 270 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, finally heating to 280 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5h to obtain the glass substrate.
7. The processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of the toughened glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the explosion-proof membrane in the S4 is a PVB membrane.
8. The processing technology for reducing the self-explosion rate of the tempered glass according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: and the hot-pressing and bonding in the S4 are carried out at the temperature of 500-600 ℃ and under the pressure of 20-30 MPa.
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