CN113909327B - Pre-deformation die, pre-deformation method and preparation method of cylindrical part with external longitudinal ribs - Google Patents
Pre-deformation die, pre-deformation method and preparation method of cylindrical part with external longitudinal ribs Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018569 Al—Zn—Mg—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910017706 MgZn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
- B21C23/085—Making tubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pre-deformation die, a pre-deformation method and a preparation method of an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part, wherein the pre-deformation die comprises a shaping die; the cavity of the shaping die comprises a first cavity section, a transition cavity section and a second cavity section which are sequentially communicated; the cross section of the first cavity section is designed to be of a first size, the cross section of the second cavity section is designed to be of a second size, and the transition cavity section smoothly transits the cross section size of the cavity from the first size to the second size; the first dimension is adapted to the actual dimension of the outer periphery of the cross section of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part; the second dimension is adapted to the standard dimension of the cross-sectional periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylinder. The cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is integrally extruded to sequentially pass through a first cavity section, a transition cavity section and a second cavity section of the shaping die for pre-deformation treatment. The pre-deformation die and the pre-deformation method provided by the invention are used in the preparation process of the external longitudinal rib cylindrical part, and can simultaneously improve the dimensional accuracy and the mechanical property of the external longitudinal rib cylindrical part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy pre-deformation, in particular to a pre-deformation die, a pre-deformation method and a preparation method of an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part.
Background
The ultrahigh-strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is widely applied to the industrial fields of aerospace, weapons, transportation and the like because of the good comprehensive mechanical properties; the application requirements of the ultra-high strength aluminum alloy in various industries are increasing.
For Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, the strengthening mechanism is mainly that a large amount of metastable MgZn phases are separated out in the aging process; the dispersed phase and the matrix are in a semi-coherent state, the dislocation pinning force is strong, and the mechanical property of the alloy is improved. However, when the Zn content reaches about 9.0%, the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy forms a coarse and indissolvable primary AlCuMgZn phase in the casting process, and the phase consumes Zn element and Mg element, so that the volume fraction of MgZn phase is reduced. Meanwhile, the thermoplastic deformation and solution treatment of the alloy component greatly reduce dislocation density during aging precipitation; the low dislocation density provides less channels for precipitation of the metastable MgZn phase, so that the strengthening effect of the precipitation phase is weakened, and the performance of the component is difficult to meet the design requirement. In addition, the component with complex section (such as a cylindrical component with external longitudinal ribs) after thermoplastic deformation has larger dimensional accuracy deviation of the formed component caused by uneven friction force and thermal stress suffered by metal flow during thermoplastic deformation, and the residual stress after heat treatment aggravates the dimensional deviation degree of the component, so that the subsequent cutting processing amount is large, and the material utilization rate and the production efficiency are reduced.
In summary, the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs manufactured by the conventional process (sequentially performing thermoplastic deformation and heat treatment on the casting rod) has the technical problems of large dimensional accuracy deviation and low mechanical property.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a pre-deforming mold, a pre-deforming method and a method for manufacturing an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member, and is mainly aimed at providing a pre-deforming mold and a pre-deforming method, so as to be used in a manufacturing process of an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member made of alloy material, and help to improve the dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention mainly provides the following technical solutions:
in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pre-deforming mold for performing a pre-deforming process on an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member; wherein, the predeformation mould includes:
the shaping die comprises a first cavity section, a transition cavity section and a second cavity section which are sequentially communicated; the cross section of the first cavity section is designed to be a first size, the cross section of the second cavity section is designed to be a second size, and the transition cavity section smoothly transits the cross section size of the cavity from the first size to the second size;
wherein the first dimension is adapted to the actual dimension of the cross-sectional periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member; the second dimension is adapted to the standard dimension of the cross-section periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member;
And the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs sequentially passes through the first cavity section, the transition cavity section and the second cavity section of the shaping die to be subjected to pre-deformation treatment.
Preferably, the first dimension corresponds to the actual dimension of the cross-sectional periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member.
Preferably, the second dimension corresponds to a standard dimension of the cross-sectional periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member.
Preferably, the pre-deformation mold further comprises:
a first die assembly comprising a die plate and a punch; wherein the template is used for being connected with a press; one end of the punch is connected with the template, and the other end of the punch is used for abutting against the inner wall of the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs;
the first die assembly is used for integrally extruding the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part under the drive of the press, so that the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part sequentially passes through the first cavity section, the transition cavity section and the second cavity section of the shaping die to be subjected to pre-deformation treatment.
Preferably, the pre-deformation mold further comprises:
a second mold assembly comprising a support base; the shaping die is arranged on the supporting seat;
The supporting seat is provided with a hollow inner cavity and is communicated with the cavity of the shaping die, so that the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs enters the hollow inner cavity of the supporting seat after passing through the first cavity section, the transition cavity section and the second cavity section of the shaping die in sequence for pre-deformation treatment;
preferably, the supporting seat is of a cylindrical structure; further preferably, the supporting seat is a cylindrical structure with two open ends.
Preferably, the support seat is provided with two through holes which are communicated with the hollow inner cavity and are oppositely arranged, so that the inserted rod is inserted into the through holes to adjust the position of the support seat.
Preferably, the shaping die is arranged on the end of the first end of the supporting seat; the second end of the supporting seat is used for being connected with a press; preferably, the second end of the supporting seat is provided with a containing groove for containing a connecting piece so as to realize the connection between the supporting seat and the press; further preferably, the connecting member includes a pressing plate; one end of the pressing plate is accommodated in the accommodating groove, and a fastener hole is formed in the pressing plate so as to be connected with the press machine through a fastener; the other end of the pressing plate is provided with a cushion block, wherein the cushion block is used for being arranged between the pressing plate and the press; preferably, the accommodating groove is designed into a trapezoid groove structure.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a pre-deformation method, wherein the pre-deformation mold is adopted to perform pre-deformation treatment on the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part made of alloy materials, so that the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part after pre-deformation is obtained.
Preferably, the pre-deformation process is performed at room temperature.
Preferably, the extrusion speed for integrally extruding the cylindrical member with the outer longitudinal ribs is 0.5-1.2mm/s.
Preferably, the average deformation degree of the pre-deformed out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part is 3-5%.
Preferably, the pre-deformation method comprises the following steps:
1) Assembling the pre-deformation die on a press, and placing the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs in a first cavity section of the shaping die;
2) Controlling a press machine to enable a first die assembly to integrally extrude the cylindrical part with the external longitudinal ribs, and enabling the cylindrical part with the external longitudinal ribs to sequentially pass through a first cavity section, a transition cavity section and a second cavity section of the shaping die to be subjected to pre-deformation treatment;
3) And after the pre-deformation treatment is finished, unloading is carried out, and the pre-deformed cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is obtained.
In still another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member, including the steps of:
The pre-deformation treatment step comprises the following steps: carrying out pre-deformation treatment on the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part in a solid solution-quenching state by adopting the pre-deformation die or the pre-deformation method to obtain a pre-deformed out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part; wherein the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is made of alloy;
aging treatment: aging the pre-deformed out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part to obtain a final-state out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part;
preferably, before the pretreatment step, the method further comprises: the preparation steps of the solid solution-quenching out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part specifically comprise: sequentially carrying out plastic cogging treatment, hot extrusion forming treatment and solution-quenching treatment on the alloy cast rod to obtain a solution-quenching out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part;
Preferably, after the solution-quenching treatment is finished, the pre-deformation treatment of the tubular part with the outer longitudinal ribs in the solution-quenching state is finished within 1 h;
preferably, after the pre-deformation treatment step is finished, transferring the pre-deformed cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs into an aging furnace for aging treatment within 1 h;
preferably, peak aging treatment is selected for the aging treatment;
Preferably, the cylindrical member with the outer longitudinal ribs is made of an aluminum alloy, and more preferably an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.
Compared with the prior art, the pre-deformation die, the pre-deformation method and the preparation method of the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs have at least the following beneficial effects:
on one hand, the pre-deformation die provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a shaping die, and a cavity of the shaping die comprises a first cavity section, a transition cavity section and a second cavity section which are sequentially communicated, wherein the cross section size of the first cavity section is matched with the actual size of the cross section periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part, and the cross section size of the second cavity section is matched with the standard size of the cross section periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part; through the arrangement, in the preparation of the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part, the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part (such as the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part in a solid solution-quenching state) with large dimensional accuracy deviation and low dislocation density is subjected to the pre-deformation treatment, namely, the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part is subjected to the pre-deformation treatment by integrally extruding the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part to sequentially pass through the first cavity section, the transition cavity section and the second cavity section, so that the dimensional accuracy of the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part can be improved, dislocation can be introduced during the pre-deformation treatment, and the mechanical property of the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part can be improved by matching with the subsequent aging treatment process. In summary, the pre-deformation die provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the synchronous improvement of the dimensional accuracy and the mechanical property of the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs, and can be industrially applied.
Furthermore, the first die component is designed in the pre-deformation die provided by the embodiment of the invention, so that the whole extrusion of the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is realized, and the pre-deformation die can stably perform pre-deformation treatment through the first cavity section, the transition cavity section and the second cavity section of the shaping die. Meanwhile, the pre-deformation die provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the second die assembly, and the second die assembly comprises the supporting seat with the hollow inner cavity, so that on one hand, the supporting effect on the whole die is realized, and on the other hand, the hollow inner cavity is used for accommodating the deformed out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part so as to facilitate unloading.
On the other hand, the pre-deformation method provided by the embodiment of the invention mainly adopts the pre-deformation die to pre-deform the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs, so that the pre-deformation method has the beneficial effects and is not repeated herein.
In still another aspect, the method for manufacturing the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part according to the embodiment of the present invention adds a pre-deformation step after the solution-quenching step and before the aging step in the existing out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part manufacturing process, specifically, the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part in the solution-quenching state is pre-deformed by adopting the pre-deformation mold and the pre-deformation method, which not only realizes the improvement of the dimensional accuracy, but also introduces dislocation in the pre-deformation process, and improves the dislocation density, so that the mechanical property of the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part can be improved by matching with the subsequent aging process. Therefore, the preparation method of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part provided by the embodiment of the invention can simultaneously improve the dimensional accuracy and the mechanical property of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention, as it is embodied in the following description, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly schematic of a pre-deformation mold provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2A, fig. 2B, and fig. 2C are schematic views illustrating a process of performing a pre-deformation treatment on an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member by using a pre-deformation mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an assembled schematic view of the first mold assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a shaping mold; wherein, fig. 4 (a) is a structural sectional view of the shaping mold, fig. 4 (b) is a view of fig. 4 (a) in the a direction, and fig. 4 (c) is an enlarged view at II in fig. (b); fig. 4 (d) is a view of fig. 4 (a) in the direction B, and fig. 4 (e) is an enlarged view at I in fig. 4 (d);
FIG. 5 is an assembled schematic view of a second mold assembly;
FIG. 6 is a representation of the precipitated phase of the final out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical member prepared in comparative example 1;
FIG. 7 is a dislocation characterization graph of the post-pre-deformed out-of-band longitudinal rib cylinder in experimental example 1;
Fig. 8 is a phase characterization diagram of the final-state out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical member prepared in experimental example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted for achieving the preset aim of the invention, the following detailed description refers to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects according to the application of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.
The invention mainly aims at the technical problems of large dimensional accuracy deviation and low mechanical property of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part manufactured under the conventional process conditions (namely, plastic deformation of a casting rod, hot extrusion forming and heat treatment), develops the pre-deformation suitable for the industrialized manufacturing of the cylindrical part with the complex section, and has important significance for improving the forming accuracy and the mechanical property of the component and finally expanding the application range of the component.
In addition, regarding the pre-deformation technique: the prior art (patent CN 109837490B) is aimed at 6000 series aluminum alloy materials, and is subjected to pre-deformation 2-5% after solution quenching treatment, so that the precipitation of GP zones is promoted, and the natural aging stability of the plate is improved. The prior art (patent CN 108251772A) adopts solution quenching treatment and then pre-deformation is carried out by 4-8%, and the number of GP zones is increased, so that the artificial age hardening performance of 6000 series aluminum alloy is improved. The existing third related art (patent CN 101476094) performs pretreatment on the deformed aluminum alloy sheet of the automobile, and improves bake hardenability and formability of the sheet. At present, the application of adopting the pre-deformation treatment to improve the comprehensive performance of the 6xxx series plate is wider, and the introduction of dislocation through the pre-deformation to provide a channel for the second phase precipitation has become the consensus of researchers.
The embodiment of the invention provides a pre-deformation die, a pre-deformation method and a preparation method of an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part, which mainly comprises the following steps: the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is extruded integrally, so that the cylindrical part can stably pass through a shaping die in the pre-deformation die, and the pre-deformation of the component is completed. The cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs passes through the first cavity section, the transition cavity section and the second cavity section when being extruded by the male die, metal can flow radially and axially in the process, and finally the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is extruded from the second cavity section, so that the dimensional accuracy of the obtained component is high. After the pre-deformed out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part is subjected to aging treatment, dislocation introduced through the pre-deformation can induce precipitation of a large amount of second phases (for example, mg 2 Si of a 6xxx aluminum alloy and MgZn 2 metastable state of a 7xxx aluminum alloy are equal) which are beneficial to improving mechanical properties, so that the dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties of the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part are synchronously improved.
The invention is illustrated in detail below by means of specific examples:
example 1
In one aspect, the present embodiment provides a pre-deforming mold for pre-deforming an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member, where, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the pre-deforming mold includes a shaping mold 3; the cavity of the shaping die 3 comprises a first cavity section 31, a transition cavity section 32 and a second cavity section 33 which are sequentially communicated; wherein the cross-section of the first cavity section 31 is designed to be of a first size, the cross-section of the second cavity section 33 is designed to be of a second size, and the transition cavity section 32 smoothly transitions the cross-sectional size of the cavity from the first size to the second size. Wherein the first dimension is adapted to the actual dimension of the cross-sectional outer periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member (i.e., the cross-sectional dimension of the first cavity section 31 is adapted to the actual dimension of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member to be pre-deformed); the second dimension is adapted to the standard dimension of the cross-sectional outer periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member (the cross-sectional dimension of the second cavity section 33 is adapted to the standard dimension of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member; the standard dimension is also referred to as the design dimension). The outer longitudinal rib cylindrical part is subjected to pre-deformation treatment through the first cavity section 31, the transition cavity section 32 and the second cavity section 33 of the shaping die 3 in sequence by integrally extruding the outer longitudinal rib cylindrical part.
Here, the pre-deformation mold provided in the embodiment includes the shaping mold 3, and the cavity of the shaping mold 3 includes a first cavity section 31, a transition cavity section 32 and a second cavity section 33 which are sequentially communicated, so that the cross-sectional dimension of the first cavity section 31 is adapted to the actual dimension of the cross-sectional periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member, and the cross-sectional dimension of the second cavity section 32 is adapted to the standard dimension of the cross-sectional periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member; through the arrangement, in the preparation of the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part, the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part (such as the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part in a solid solution-quenching state) with large dimensional accuracy deviation and low dislocation density is subjected to the pre-deformation treatment, namely, the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part is subjected to the pre-deformation treatment by integrally extruding the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part to sequentially pass through the first cavity section 31, the transition cavity section 32 and the second cavity section 33, so that the dimensional accuracy of the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part can be improved, and dislocation can be introduced during the pre-deformation treatment, and the mechanical property of the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part can be improved by matching with the subsequent aging process. In summary, the pre-deformation die provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the synchronous improvement of the dimensional accuracy and the mechanical property of the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs.
Preferably, the first dimension corresponds to the actual dimension of the cross-sectional periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member; the second dimension corresponds to a standard dimension of the cross-sectional periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylinder. By the design, the dimensional accuracy of the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs can be further improved.
The pre-deformation die of the embodiment and the following embodiments is mainly used for pre-deformation treatment of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part made of aluminum alloy.
Example 2
Preferably, compared with the previous embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment further performs the following design:
The pre-deformation mould of the present embodiment further comprises a first mould assembly 1. Wherein the first die assembly 1 comprises a die plate 11 and a punch 12; wherein the template 11 is used for connecting a press (the template 11 is connected with a superstructure of the press); one end of the punch 12 is connected (preferably by bolting) to the die plate 11, and the other end of the punch 12 is adapted to abut against the inner wall of the outer longitudinal rib cylindrical member. The first die assembly 1 is used for integrally extruding the outer longitudinal rib cylindrical part under the driving of a press machine, so that the outer longitudinal rib cylindrical part sequentially passes through the first cavity section 31, the transition cavity section 32 and the second cavity section 33 of the shaping die 3 to be subjected to pre-deformation treatment.
Here, the pre-deformation mold provided in this embodiment realizes the integral extrusion of the cylindrical member with the external longitudinal ribs by designing the first mold assembly 1, so that the pre-deformation mold can stably perform the pre-deformation treatment through the first cavity section 31, the transition cavity section 32 and the second cavity section 33 of the shaping mold 3.
Example 3
Preferably, compared with the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment further performs the following design:
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the pre-deformation mold of the present embodiment further includes a second mold assembly; wherein the second mould assembly comprises a support base 2; the shaping mould 3 is arranged on the support base 3. The supporting seat 2 is provided with a hollow inner cavity, and the hollow inner cavity is communicated with a cavity of the shaping die 3, so that the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs enters the hollow inner cavity of the supporting seat 2 after being subjected to pre-deformation treatment sequentially through a first cavity section 31, a transition cavity section 32 and a second cavity section 33 of the shaping die 3.
Here, the pre-deformation mold provided in this embodiment is designed to be a second mold assembly, where the second mold assembly includes a support base 3 having a hollow cavity, so that on one hand, the supporting effect on the whole mold 3 is achieved, and on the other hand, the hollow cavity thereon is used for accommodating the deformed outer longitudinal rib cylindrical member, so as to facilitate unloading.
Preferably, the supporting seat 2 is of a cylindrical structure; further preferably, the supporting seat 2 is a cylindrical structure with two open ends.
Preferably, the supporting seat 2 is provided with two through holes 21 which are communicated with the hollow inner cavity and are oppositely arranged and used for centering and lifting the supporting seat; specifically, a plunger is inserted into the through hole 21, and the position of the support base 2 is adjusted by the plunger, so that the punch 12 in the first die assembly can smoothly enter the inner cavity of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member. Preferably, the diameter of the through holes 21 is phi 33mm.
Preferably, the supporting seat 2 has a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged; wherein the shaping mould 3 is arranged on the end of the first end of the supporting seat 2; the second end of the support base 2 is used for connecting with the lower structure of the press. Wherein the through hole 21 is located at the first end of the support base 2 and is located at a distance of about 40mm from the end of the first end of the support base 2.
Preferably, the second end of the supporting seat 2 is provided with a containing groove (preferably, the containing groove is 25mm away from the end of the second end) for containing a connecting piece to connect the supporting seat 2 to a press; wherein the connector comprises a pressure plate 22; one end of the pressing plate 22 is accommodated in the accommodating groove, and a fastener hole is formed in the pressing plate 22 so as to be connected with the press machine through a fastener 23 (preferably a countersunk bolt); the other end of the pressing plate 22 is provided with a cushion block 24, and the cushion block 24 is arranged between the pressing plate 22 and the press; preferably, the number of the accommodating grooves is a plurality of; the number of the accommodating grooves is preferably two, and the accommodating grooves are oppositely arranged. Preferably, the accommodating groove is designed into a trapezoid groove structure.
Example 4
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a pre-deformation method, and specifically, the pre-deformation mold of the embodiment is adopted to perform pre-deformation treatment on the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part, so that the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part after pre-deformation is obtained.
Preferably, the pre-deformation process is performed at room temperature (i.e., cold deformation performed at room temperature); the extrusion speed of the integrally extruded cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is 0.5-1.2mm/s; the average deformation degree of the pre-deformed cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is 3-5%.
Referring to fig. 2A, 2B and 2C, the pre-deformation method of the present embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
(1) Pre-deformation preparation: the pre-deformation die is assembled on a press and an oil-based lubricant is applied along the outer peripheral surface of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member and the cavity wall of the shaping die, and as shown in fig. 2A, the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member is placed in the first cavity section 31 of the shaping die 3.
(2) The pre-deformation process comprises the following steps: controlling the press to move downwards, enabling the first die assembly 1 to move downwards, and integrally extruding the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs to sequentially pass through a first cavity section 31, a transition cavity section 32 and a second cavity section 33 of the shaping die 3 for pre-deformation treatment (see specific figures 2B and 2C); during the pre-deformation process: the metal flows radially and axially under the action of the shaping die.
(3) And (3) discharging: after the pre-deformation is completed, the press is stopped to load and move linearly upwards, the first die assembly 1 and the pre-deformed outer longitudinal rib cylindrical part are driven to move, and the pre-deformed outer longitudinal rib cylindrical part is separated from the first die assembly 1 through the action of the shaping die 3 on the pre-deformed outer longitudinal rib cylindrical part.
The pre-deformation method provided by the embodiment mainly adopts the pre-deformation die of the embodiment to pre-deform the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs, so that the pre-deformation method has the beneficial effects described in the embodiment and is not repeated herein.
Example 5
In still another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member, which mainly includes the following steps:
The pre-deformation treatment step comprises the following steps: the pre-deformation mold and the pre-deformation method are adopted to perform pre-deformation treatment on the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part in the solid solution-quenching state, so as to obtain the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part after pre-deformation; wherein, the material of the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is alloy.
Aging treatment: and aging the pre-deformed out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part to obtain a final-state out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part.
Preferably, before the pretreatment step, the preparation step of the solid solution-quenched out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part is further included, specifically: the alloy casting rod is sequentially subjected to plastic cogging treatment (preferably large plastic cogging), hot extrusion forming treatment (hot extrusion forming of a cylindrical blank with outer longitudinal ribs), and solid solution-quenching treatment to obtain a cylindrical part with outer longitudinal ribs in a solid solution-quenching state.
Preferably, after the solution-quenching treatment is completed, the pre-deformation treatment of the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical member in the solution-quenched state is completed within 1 hour.
Preferably, after the pre-deformation treatment step is finished, the pre-deformed out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part is transferred into an ageing furnace for ageing treatment within 1 h.
According to the preparation method of the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part, the pre-deformation step is added after the solid solution-quenching step and before the aging step in the existing out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part preparation process, specifically, the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part in the solid solution-quenching state is pre-deformed by adopting the pre-deformation die and the pre-deformation method, so that the improvement of the dimensional accuracy is realized, dislocation is introduced in the pre-deformation process, the dislocation density is improved, and the mechanical property of the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part can be improved by matching with the subsequent aging process. Therefore, the preparation method of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part provided by the embodiment can simultaneously improve the dimensional accuracy and the mechanical property of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part.
Preferably, the aging treatment is peak aging treatment (peak aging refers to aging process in which alloy performance reaches maximum).
Preferably, the cylindrical member with the outer longitudinal ribs is made of an aluminum alloy, and more preferably an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.
In order to demonstrate the beneficial effects described in the above examples of the present invention, experimental example 1 and comparative example 1 are further provided; what should be stated here is: experimental example 1 is only used to demonstrate the above-mentioned beneficial effects, but the above-mentioned scheme of the present invention is not limited to the alloy type and process parameters of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member described in experimental example 1.
Experimental example 1
The experimental example 1 provides a preparation method of an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part, which specifically comprises the following steps:
Preparing an alloy casting rod: the Al-9.0Zn-2.5Mg-1.8Cu alloy casting rod is prepared through homogenizing treatment and milling processing.
Plastic cogging and solid solution-quenching treatment: the alloy casting rod is directly extruded into an out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part after large plastic cogging, and then is subjected to solid solution-water quenching treatment at 475 ℃ for 3 hours, so that the out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part (with the outer diameter of 307mm and the inner diameter of 275 mm) in a solid solution-quenching state is obtained.
A pre-deformation step: the pre-deformation mold and the pre-deformation method of the embodiment are adopted to perform pre-deformation treatment on the solid solution-quenched cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs within 1 h.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the solid solution-quenched outer longitudinal bar cylindrical member is placed in the first cavity section 31 of the shaping die 3, the support base 2 of the second die assembly is connected to the press lower structure through the fastener 23 (countersunk bolt) and the spacer 24, and the insert rod is inserted into the through hole 21, and the position of the support base 2 is adjusted by the insert rod so that the punch 12 can smoothly enter the cavity of the solid solution-quenched outer longitudinal bar cylindrical member. The press machine moves downwards to drive the punch 12 to move downwards, when the punch 12 contacts the bottom of the solid solution-quenching state out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part, the solid solution-quenching state out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part is driven to move downwards, and blank metal flows radially and axially under the action of the shaping die 3. After the solid solution-quenched state out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical member moves to the lower surface of the shaping die 3, the pre-deformation is ended. The press moves upwards to drive the pre-deformed outer longitudinal rib cylindrical part to move upwards, and the outer longitudinal rib cylindrical part is separated from the punch 12 under the action of the shaping die.
Aging treatment: and (3) transferring the pre-deformed out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part into an aging furnace within 1h, and completing aging treatment at 120 ℃ for 24h to obtain the final-state out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part.
Wherein, the tensile strength of the final-state out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part obtained in the experimental example 1 is 760MPa, the yield strength is 740MPa, and the elongation is 7.5%; the final out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical member obtained in this experimental example 1 had an average dimensional deviation of about 3.9% compared with the standard dimensions.
Wherein, FIG. 7 is a dislocation characterization diagram of the post-pre-deformed out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member in experimental example 1; as can be seen from fig. 7: the pre-deformation may introduce a large number of dislocations in the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylinders.
Fig. 8 is a precipitated phase characterization diagram of the final-state out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical member prepared in experimental example 1, and it can be seen that: the dislocation introduced by the pre-deformation can induce precipitation of a large amount of metastable MgZn phases.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1a method for preparing an out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part specifically comprises the following steps:
Preparing an alloy casting rod: the Al-9.0Zn-2.5Mg-1.8Cu alloy casting rod is prepared through homogenizing treatment and milling processing.
Plastic cogging, hot extrusion treatment (hot extrusion forming of out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical blank), solution-quenching treatment: the alloy casting rod is directly extruded into an out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part after large plastic cogging, and then is subjected to solid solution-water quenching treatment at 475 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the solid solution-quenched out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part (with the outer diameter of 307mm and the inner diameter of 275 mm).
Aging treatment: and (3) finishing aging treatment of 120 ℃ for 24 hours on the solid solution-quenching state out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part to obtain the final state out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part.
The final-state out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical member obtained in comparative example 1 had a tensile strength of 715MPa, a yield strength of 696MPa, and an elongation of 10.0%. The outer diameter, inner diameter, outer rib height and wall thickness difference of the detecting member were measured, and the average degree of deviation in the actual dimensions of the final out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member of comparative example 1 was about 13.2% as compared with the standard dimensions.
Wherein, fig. 6 is a characteristic diagram of the precipitated phase of the final-state out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical member prepared in comparative example 1, and it can be seen that the metastable MgZn phase therein is coarse and small in amount.
From experimental examples 1 and comparative examples, and fig. 6 to 8, it can be seen that: in the preparation process of the tubular part with the external longitudinal ribs, the predeformation mold and the predeformation method are adopted to predeform (cold deformation) the tubular part with the external longitudinal ribs in the solid solution-quenching state at room temperature, dislocation is introduced, a channel is provided for precipitation of the metastable phase in the subsequent aging process, and the volume fraction of the metastable phase is improved. Therefore, the mechanical property of the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is obviously improved. Meanwhile, the pre-deformation effectively improves the dimensional deviation of the component caused by thermoplastic deformation and solid solution-quenching treatment, and the finally obtained component has higher dimensional accuracy.
In summary, the pre-deformation die, the pre-deformation method and the preparation method of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part utilize the shaping die to realize the purposes of size finishing and dislocation introduction of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part, can effectively improve the size precision and mechanical properties of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part product, and are simple in the pre-deformation die and the pre-deformation method and convenient for industrial application.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, but any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. The preparation method of the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
The pre-deformation treatment step comprises the following steps: carrying out pre-deformation treatment on the solid solution-quenched out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part by adopting a pre-deformation die to obtain a pre-deformed out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part;
aging treatment: aging the pre-deformed out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part to obtain a final-state out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part;
wherein, the predeformation mould includes:
the shaping die comprises a first cavity section, a transition cavity section and a second cavity section which are sequentially communicated; the cross section of the first cavity section is designed to be a first size, the cross section of the second cavity section is designed to be a second size, and the transition cavity section smoothly transits the cross section size of the cavity from the first size to the second size;
wherein the first dimension is adapted to the actual dimension of the cross-sectional periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member; the second dimension is adapted to the standard dimension of the cross-section periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member;
The outer longitudinal rib cylindrical part is subjected to pre-deformation treatment through integrally extruding the outer longitudinal rib cylindrical part, so that the outer longitudinal rib cylindrical part sequentially passes through a first cavity section, a transition cavity section and a second cavity section of the shaping die;
Wherein the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is made of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy;
Wherein the pre-deformation treatment is performed at room temperature; the extrusion speed of integrally extruding the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is 0.5-1.2mm/s; the average deformation degree of the pre-deformed cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is 3-5%;
After the solution-quenching treatment is finished, the pre-deformation treatment of the tubular part with the outer longitudinal ribs in the solution-quenching state is finished within 1 h; after the pre-deformation treatment step is finished, transferring the pre-deformed out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part to an ageing furnace for ageing treatment within 1 h; and the aging treatment adopts peak aging treatment.
2. The method for manufacturing an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member according to claim 1, wherein,
The first dimension is consistent with the actual dimension of the outer periphery of the cross section of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical piece; and/or
The second dimension corresponds to a standard dimension of the cross-sectional periphery of the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member.
3. The method of manufacturing an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member according to claim 1, wherein the pre-deforming die further comprises:
a first die assembly comprising a die plate and a punch; wherein the template is used for being connected with a press; one end of the punch is connected with the template, and the other end of the punch is used for abutting against the inner wall of the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs;
the first die assembly is used for integrally extruding the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part under the drive of the press, so that the out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical part sequentially passes through the first cavity section, the transition cavity section and the second cavity section of the shaping die to be subjected to pre-deformation treatment.
4. A method of making an out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical member according to claim 3, wherein said pre-deformation die further comprises:
a second mold assembly comprising a support base; the shaping die is arranged on the supporting seat;
The supporting seat is provided with a hollow inner cavity and is communicated with the cavity of the shaping die, so that the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs sequentially passes through the first cavity section, the transition cavity section and the second cavity section of the shaping die to be subjected to pre-deformation treatment and then enters the hollow inner cavity of the supporting seat.
5. The method for manufacturing an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member according to claim 4, wherein the support base is of a cylindrical structure.
6. The method for manufacturing a cylindrical member with external longitudinal ribs according to claim 5, wherein said supporting base has a cylindrical structure with both ends open.
7. The method for manufacturing an out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical member according to claim 4, wherein two through holes are formed in the support base, which are disposed opposite to each other and are communicated with the hollow inner cavity, so as to insert a plug rod into the through holes to adjust the position of the support base.
8. The method of making an out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical member according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the support base has oppositely disposed first and second ends; wherein,
The shaping die is arranged on the end part of the first end of the supporting seat;
the second end of the supporting seat is used for being connected with a press machine.
9. The method for manufacturing an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member according to claim 8, wherein,
The second end of the supporting seat is provided with a containing groove for containing the connecting piece so as to realize the connection between the supporting seat and the press.
10. The method for manufacturing an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member according to claim 9, wherein,
The connecting piece comprises a pressing plate; one end of the pressing plate is accommodated in the accommodating groove, and a fastener hole is formed in the pressing plate so as to be connected with the press machine through a fastener; the other end of the pressing plate is provided with a cushion block, wherein the cushion block is used for being arranged between the pressing plate and the press machine.
11. The method for manufacturing an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member according to claim 10, wherein,
The accommodating groove is designed into a trapezoid groove structure.
12. The method of manufacturing an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member according to claim 1, wherein the pre-deformation processing step comprises the steps of:
1) Assembling the pre-deformation die on a press, and placing the cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs in a first cavity section of the shaping die;
2) Controlling a press machine to enable a first die assembly to integrally extrude the cylindrical part with the external longitudinal ribs, and enabling the cylindrical part with the external longitudinal ribs to sequentially pass through a first cavity section, a transition cavity section and a second cavity section of the shaping die to be subjected to pre-deformation treatment;
3) And after the pre-deformation treatment is finished, unloading is carried out, and the pre-deformed cylindrical part with the outer longitudinal ribs is obtained.
13. The method of manufacturing an out-of-band longitudinal rib cylindrical member according to claim 1, further comprising, prior to the pre-deformation processing step: the preparation steps of the solid solution-quenching out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part specifically comprise: and sequentially carrying out plastic cogging treatment, hot extrusion forming treatment and solution-quenching treatment on the alloy cast rod to obtain the solution-quenched out-of-band longitudinal bar cylindrical part.
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