CN113907011B - Chestnut shell cat litter and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Chestnut shell cat litter and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113907011B CN113907011B CN202111250597.1A CN202111250597A CN113907011B CN 113907011 B CN113907011 B CN 113907011B CN 202111250597 A CN202111250597 A CN 202111250597A CN 113907011 B CN113907011 B CN 113907011B
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- cat litter
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- chestnut shell
- shell powder
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- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 241001070941 Castanea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001599 direct drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
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- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)-7-(diethylamino)chromen-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(C3=CC4=CC=C(C=C4OC3=O)N(CC)CC)=NC2=C1 GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N Thermopsosid Natural products O(C)c1c(O)ccc(C=2Oc3c(c(O)cc(O[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O4)c3)C(=O)C=2)c1 GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin p Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940071826 hydroxyethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940071676 hydroxypropylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960000292 pectin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010053567 Coagulopathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000219428 Fagaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010023644 Lacrimation increased Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000255969 Pieris brassicae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo-alpha-pyrone Natural products C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035602 clotting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001671 coumarin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004775 coumarins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013499 data model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000002213 flavones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses chestnut shell cat litter and a preparation method thereof, wherein the chestnut shell has rich cellulose and lignin and contains various chemical components such as phenols, organic acid, polysaccharide, flavone, phytosterol, lactone, coumarin, tannin and the like, so that the chestnut shell has excellent adsorptivity, antibacterial property and corrosion resistance, the chestnut shell powder is used as a main material, a binder and a water absorbent are used as auxiliary materials, and the cat litter with high water absorption and low dust content can be prepared by mixing, granulating and drying.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pet products, and relates to cat litter and a preparation method of the cat litter.
Background
Cat litter, also known as pet litter, is an object used for absorbing and burying cat feces and urine, which can absorb cat urine in a short time, absorb and reduce the odor of the excrement, and is convenient for the owner to clean, and is popular. The pet market research report in 2020 shows that in the pet classification of China, the ratio of cats in all pet types is 46%, the number of cats in urban areas in China reaches 2701 ten thousand, and the number of cats in China reaches 4065 ten thousand. According to the data model, the number of pets in China is continuously increased in the future. So the cat litter market space is huge.
The cat litter varieties currently sold in the market include bentonite cat litter, crystal (silica gel) cat litter, wood chip cat litter, paper chip cat litter and the like. Although the bentonite cat litter is low in price and good in water absorption effect, the bentonite cat litter is poor in caking property and ammonia removal property, dust is easy to generate, and the comfort of pets is influenced; the crystal cat litter is attractive in appearance, but the overall water absorption and deodorizing effects are weak; the sawdust cat litter has good water absorption effect, but has relatively high cost. And is vulnerable to moisture; paper cat litter also has poor clotting and deodorizing properties.
For the above reasons, researches have been focused on improving the effects of bacteriostasis, mildew resistance, deodorization and the like of cat litter, for example, in CN113207712a, wood chips, pulp fibers, starch and guar gum are used as raw materials, and cat litter is prepared by adding water and granulating, and the cat litter has the advantages of high water absorption rate and low consumption, but has high preparation cost; in addition, in CN113207710a, bentonite, zeolite, calcium bicarbonate, wood flour and composite probiotics are used as raw materials, and research is made on a probiotic cat litter capable of deodorizing and inhibiting bacteria, wherein the types of the raw materials are extremely complex, the manufacturing cost of the cat litter is increased, the bentonite and the zeolite are both prepared through modification, and the preparation method is also very complex.
For the above reasons, further research on raw materials and preparation of cat litter is needed to develop cat litter with low cost and good water absorption and deodorizing properties.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the inventor researches on the selection of cat litter raw materials and a preparation method thereof, and researches on the cat litter with high water absorption rate and low dust content and the preparation method thereof.
In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide the following aspects:
in one aspect, there is provided a litter made from raw materials comprising: chestnut shell powder, a binder and a water absorbent.
Wherein, the weight ratio of chestnut shell powder, binder and water absorbent is as follows:
60-75 parts of chestnut shell powder;
12-25 parts of adhesive;
6-18 parts of water absorbent;
wherein the chestnut shell powder has a water content of 3-10% by weight.
Further, the binder is preferably selected from any one or more of hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, guar gum, xanthan gum, pectin and polyacrylamide; the water absorbent is one or more of sulfate such as magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, starch, sodium polyacrylate and pea fiber.
Wherein, the cat litter is prepared by taking chestnut shell powder as a main material and adding a binder and a water absorbent.
Wherein the cat litter is spherical, and the grain size is 1-6 mm, preferably 2-4 m.
Wherein the water content of the cat litter is 2-4%, the pH is weak acid, preferably 5-6.5, the water absorption is 120-160 g/mL, preferably 130-150 g/mL, the dust content is 0.001-0.05 g/mL, preferably 0.005-0.01 g/mL.
In another aspect, a method for preparing cat litter is provided, the method comprising: mixing the raw materials in the solution, granulating and drying to obtain the cat litter; wherein the raw materials comprise chestnut shell powder, a binder and a water absorbent.
Wherein, the chestnut shell is treated as follows to obtain chestnut shell powder: crushing, grinding and sieving.
Wherein, the water content of chestnut shell powder is controlled to be 3-10% before the raw materials are mixed with the solution.
Wherein the temperature of the drying is 30-80 ℃ and the time of the drying is 5-40 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The water absorption rate of the cat litter provided by the invention can reach 140g/mL, and the dust amount is only 0.008g/mL.
(2) The cat litter provided by the invention takes the chestnut shell powder as the main material, the chestnut shells are widely available, but most of the cat litter is directly discarded in daily life, the chestnut shells are recycled, and the cat litter meets the theme of green development advocated in China.
(3) According to the preparation method of the cat litter provided by the invention, the chestnut shell powder is used as the main material, the binder and the water absorbent are used as the auxiliary materials, and no preservative, bactericide and adsorbent are required to be additionally added, so that the cost for preparing the cat litter is reduced, and the preparation method is simple and convenient and is beneficial to realizing industrial production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a cat litter picture of chestnut shells prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail below by means of the figures and examples. The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the description.
The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. Although various aspects of the embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
In a first aspect, the present invention aims to provide chestnut shell cat litter, which is made from raw materials comprising the following components: chestnut shell powder, a binder and a water absorbent.
In a preferred embodiment, the chestnut shell powder is used as a main material, and a binder and a water absorbent are added to prepare the chestnut shell powder.
In the prior art, as vegetable fiber base materials such as wood dust, soybean fiber, peanut shell, walnut shell and the like have the advantages of wide sources, low cost, no degradation pollution and the like, the method becomes a great trend for preparing cat litter with antibacterial property, deodorizing property, water absorption and mildew resistance, but the wood dust cat litter has the defects of higher manufacturing cost, easiness in damp, rough touch and the like, and the wood cat litter has great change of dust amount due to great difference of sources of raw materials and auxiliary materials; the bentonite cat litter also has the defects of poor caking effect and ammonia removal effect, easiness in generating dust and influence on the living comfort of pets, and greatly limits the preparation and application of the cat litter.
Chestnut, commonly known as chestnut, belongs to the family Fagaceae, genus Castanea, and is commonly found in mountainous regions. At present, raw chestnut raw materials are mostly sold in China, and the processing mode is shelling processing. The yield of the chestnut kernels and the chestnut shells is 1:2.5, and the chestnut shells are taken as a part of the chestnut, so that most of the chestnut shells are directly discarded, and resource waste is caused.
More importantly, chestnut shells are the pericarps (sometimes also called seed coats) of chestnut nuts and contain chemical components such as phenols, organic acids, polysaccharides, flavones, phytosterols, lactones, coumarins, tannins and the like. Further, the chestnut shell has the highest cellulose content, which is about 48% of the total weight of the chestnut shell; secondly, lignin accounts for 28.5%, so that the chestnut shell powder has higher adsorptivity, and has rough surface, porous inside and large specific surface area, and the cell wall has a capillary structure, thereby being beneficial to physical adsorption of pollutants; in addition, flavonoid substances contained in chestnut shells have the functions and values of blocking and removing oxidative damage, inhibiting bacteria, diminishing inflammation, adsorbing and the like.
Therefore, the present inventors have made cat litter with high caking strength, good heating effect, high water absorption, low dust content, strong antibacterial property and strong deodorizing property by using chestnut shell powder as a raw material and mixing with a binder and a water absorbent.
In the present invention, the binder is preferably any one or more selected from the group consisting of hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, guar gum, xanthan gum, pectin, and polyacrylamide, and preferably hydroxyethyl cellulose.
According to the present invention, the adhesive, as its name implies, mainly plays a role in bonding. The hydroxyethyl cellulose is nonionic cellulose ether, can be dissolved in cold water and hot water, has no gel characteristic, can not influence the subsequent mixing effect with chestnut shell powder, and has small change of the viscosity of the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution within the pH value range of 2-12 and stable property.
In the present invention, the water absorbing agent is any one or more of sulfate such as magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, starch, sodium polyacrylate and pea fiber, preferably starch, for example, corn starch.
According to the invention, in order to improve the water absorption rate of cat litter, water absorbent is needed to be added, starch such as corn starch is used as the water absorbent, and the cat litter has the characteristics of low cost and strong water absorption.
According to a preferred embodiment, the chestnut shell powder, the binder and the water absorbent are prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
60-75 parts of chestnut shell powder;
12-25 parts of adhesive;
6-18 parts of water absorbent;
wherein the chestnut shell powder has a water content of 3-10% by weight.
In the invention, the addition amount of the binder such as hydroxyethyl cellulose and the water absorbent such as corn starch is proper, for example, the addition amount of the binder is insufficient, the bonding effect is poor, the prepared cat litter is not easy to agglomerate, the addition amount of the binder is excessive, the viscosity of the prepared cat litter is excessive, and inconvenience is brought to the disposal of the cat litter after the use; with the increase of the content of the water absorbent, the water absorption of the cat litter is gradually enhanced, and the influence of excessive water absorbent on the cat litter is not great, but the cohesiveness of the cat litter is reduced. Within the above range, the water absorption, cohesiveness, water absorption and antibacterial property of the cat litter are optimized.
In a further preferred embodiment, the chestnut shell powder, the binder and the water absorbent are prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
62-73 parts of chestnut shell powder;
15-22 parts of adhesive;
8-15 parts of water absorbent;
wherein the chestnut shell powder has a water content of 5-9% by weight.
In a further preferred embodiment, the chestnut shell powder, the binder and the water absorbent are prepared as follows:
65-70 parts of chestnut shell powder;
18-20 parts of a binder;
10-12 parts of water absorbent;
wherein the chestnut shell powder has a water content of 7-8% by weight.
According to the invention, the size of the cat litter has a certain influence on the comfort level of the cat litter, and also has an influence on the cleaning convenience of the human cleaning cat litter. The cat litter is spherical, and the grain diameter is 1-6 mm, preferably 2-4 mm.
In the invention, the cat litter has the characteristics of high caking strength, good heating effect, high water absorption, low dust content, strong antibacterial property and strong deodorizing property, and the water content is 2-4%, for example 3%; the pH is weakly acidic, preferably 5 to 6.5, more preferably 5.3 to 6.0, for example 5.5; the water absorption is 120 to 160g/mL, preferably 130 to 150g/mL, for example 140g/mL; the amount of dust is 0.001 to 0.05g/mL, preferably 0.005 to 0.01g/mL, for example 0.008g/mL; the apparent specific gravity is 0.1 to 0.3g/mL, preferably 0.2 to 0.25g/mL, for example 0.23g/mL.
In a second aspect, the present invention aims to provide a preparation method of chestnut shell cat litter, which comprises the following steps: mixing raw materials in a solution, granulating, and drying to obtain the cat litter, wherein the raw materials comprise chestnut shell powder, a binder and a water absorbent.
Wherein, before mixing, the chestnut shells are treated as follows to obtain chestnut shell powder: crushing, grinding and sieving.
According to the invention, the chestnut shells without mildew and peculiar smell are selected, crushed by a crushing pulverizer and milled, and the fineness of the chestnut shell powder is 20-60 meshes, preferably 40 meshes after crushing and milling, so that the uniformity of subsequent mixing is primarily ensured.
To further ensure the uniformity of mixing, after the grinding is finished, the chestnut shell powder is sieved by a 20-60-mesh sieve, preferably a 30-50-mesh sieve, and more preferably a 40-mesh sieve.
In the invention, the water content in the chestnut shell powder is controlled to be 3-10%, preferably 5-9%, more preferably 7-8% by adding water or drying before the raw materials are mixed with the solution, and the excessive water content can indicate that the cat litter craftsman is very easy to wet in the storage process, so that the capability of absorbing water and urine is lost, and therefore, the water content is an important index for evaluating cat litter.
In the present invention, the binder is preferably any one or more selected from the group consisting of hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, guar gum, xanthan gum, pectin, and polyacrylamide, and preferably hydroxyethyl cellulose.
Further, the water absorbing agent is any one or more of sulfate such as magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, starch, sodium polyacrylate and pea fiber, preferably starch such as corn starch.
In the present invention, the solution is water. Wherein, water is used as a dispersing agent, which is safe and environment-friendly and has low cost.
Further, the weight ratio of the solution such as water to the raw materials is (0.1 to 0.9): 1, preferably (0.4 to 0.8): 1, more preferably 0.6:1.
the binder and the water absorbent in the raw materials are dispersed and dissolved by adding the solution, and the binder and the water absorbent in the raw materials are dissolved in the solution to become a uniform system along with the increase of the weight parts of the solution, so that the cat litter particles with uniform sizes are prepared by easy granulation; the concentration of the binder and the water absorbent in the solution is reduced by adding excessive solution, so that the raw materials are not easy to adhere together, and granulation is not facilitated.
In the invention, the chestnut shell powder, the binder and the water absorbent are prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
60-75 parts of chestnut shell powder;
12-25 parts of adhesive;
6-18 parts of water absorbent;
wherein the chestnut shell powder has a water content of 3-10% by weight.
Preferably, the chestnut shell powder, the binder and the water absorbent are prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
62-73 parts of chestnut shell powder;
15-22 parts of adhesive;
8-15 parts of water absorbent;
wherein the chestnut shell powder has a water content of 5-9% by weight.
More preferably, the chestnut shell powder, the binder and the water absorbent are prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
65-70 parts of chestnut shell powder;
18-20 parts of a binder;
10-12 parts of water absorbent;
wherein the chestnut shell powder has a water content of 7-8% by weight.
In the invention, the chestnut shells have higher cellulose and lignin content and excellent chemical activity and adsorptivity. The chestnut shells contain flavonoid substances, so that the chestnut shells have oxidation resistance, bacteriostasis and adsorptivity, the adsorption capacity of the chestnut shells is higher than that of a plurality of natural adsorbents such as bentonite, silica gel and the like, and the chestnut shells can be used as a good cat litter basic raw material.
Meanwhile, because the chestnut shells have oxidation resistance, bacteriostasis and adsorptivity, when the chestnut shells are used as main materials for preparing the cat litter, other auxiliary materials such as an antibacterial agent, a deodorant, a preservative, an adsorbent and the like are not required to be added, the dosage of the added auxiliary materials such as a binder and a water absorbent is greatly reduced, the cost for preparing the cat litter is obviously reduced, and the process for preparing the cat litter is simplified.
In the invention, a mixture of raw materials and a solution is subjected to granulation by using a granulator to obtain cat litter particles, wherein the cat litter particles are spherical and have a particle size of 1-6 mm, preferably 2-4 mm.
In the invention, the cat litter particles are further dried in a dryer until the moisture content in the cat litter particles is 2-4%, for example 3%, to prepare the chestnut shell cat litter.
Wherein the temperature of the drying is 30-80 ℃, preferably 40-70 ℃, more preferably 50-60 ℃, for example 55 ℃; the drying time is 5 to 40 minutes, preferably 10 to 30 minutes, more preferably 15 to 25 minutes, for example 20 minutes.
According to the invention, the pH of the prepared cat litter is slightly acidic, preferably 5 to 6.5, more preferably 5.3 to 6.0, for example 5.5; in addition, the prepared cat litter has the advantages of high caking strength, excellent water absorption, low dust content, strong antibacterial property, strong deodorizing property and good heating effect. Wherein the water absorption rate reaches 120-160 g/mL, even 130-150 g/mL, such as 140g/mL, the dust amount is 0.001-0.05 g/mL, even 0.005-0.01 g/mL, such as 0.008g/mL; the apparent specific gravity is 0.1 to 0.3g/mL, and further 0.2 to 0.25g/mL, for example, 0.23g/mL.
In the present invention, the finally prepared cat litter is packed with PE packing bags using a vacuum packing machine.
The invention is further described below by means of specific examples, which are however only exemplary and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the invention.
Examples
Example 1
Selecting the chestnut shells without mildew and peculiar smell, crushing and grinding the chestnut shells by using a crushing and grinding machine, and sieving the chestnut shells with a 40-mesh sieve to remove larger chestnut shells and impurities in the chestnut shells to obtain chestnut shell powder;
then, adding water into the chestnut shell powder or drying by using a dryer, controlling the water content in the chestnut shell powder to be 8%, wherein the water content in the chestnut shell powder is detected by a direct drying method in national standard GB5009.3-2016 for later use;
weighing 100g of the prepared chestnut shell powder, 18g of hydroxyethyl cellulose powder and 12g of corn starch, adding 60mL of distilled water into a mixture of the chestnut shell powder, the hydroxyethyl cellulose powder and the corn starch, and fully and uniformly mixing by a stirrer to obtain a mixture;
granulating the mixture by using a granulator, screening the granules, and selecting cat litter granules with the granularity of 2-4 mm; drying the selected cat litter particles by using a dryer, wherein the temperature of the cat litter particles is 55 ℃, the time is 20min, unqualified powder is cleaned, the final chestnut shell cat litter is obtained, and the moisture content of the chestnut shell cat litter is measured to be about 3% by using a direct drying method in national standard GB 5009.3-2016; finally, a PE packaging bag is adopted, and a vacuum packaging machine is used for packaging finished products with certain weight.
The macroscopic picture of the finally prepared chestnut shell cat litter is shown in fig. 1, and the chestnut shell cat litter is spherical, and the prepared chestnut shell cat litter has a granularity of about 4mm and is brown in color as shown in fig. 1 (b).
2.0g of chestnut shell cat litter is taken, 100mL of distilled water is added into the chestnut shell cat litter, and after the chestnut shell cat litter is completely dispersed, the pH value of the chestnut shell cat litter is measured to be 5.5 by a pH meter.
Example 2
Chestnut shell cat litter was prepared in a similar manner to example 1 except that: 100g of chestnut shell powder, 15g of hydroxyethyl cellulose powder and 15g of corn starch are weighed, and the prepared chestnut shell cat litter H is 5.7.
Example 3
Chestnut shell cat litter was prepared in a similar manner to example 1 except that: 100g of chestnut shell powder, 20g of hydroxyethyl cellulose powder and 10g of corn starch are weighed, and the prepared chestnut shell cat litter H is 5.4.
Experimental example
Experimental example 1 determination of Water absorption of cat litter
A large white porcelain basin and a 200-target standard sieve are taken, the white porcelain basin is placed on a horizontal test bed, the 200-target standard sieve is placed in the white porcelain basin, and a piece of slow qualitative filter paper is placed on a 200-mesh standard sieve; pouring water into the white porcelain basin, and stopping pouring water when the water surface just completely wets the filter paper in the 200-target standard sieve; next, the wetted filter paper was taken out and weighed, and the weight of the wetted filter paper was recorded as m 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then, the weighed filter paper is put back into a 200-mesh sieve and paved, 10mL cat litter is measured by a measuring cylinder and poured on the surface of the filter paper, the cat litter is paved but does not exceed the range of the filter paper, timing is started, and the cat litter is kept for 15min; finally, the filter paper and the cat litter after water absorption are taken out and weighed together, and the weight at the moment is recorded as m 2 The water absorption of the cat litter was calculated as follows:
cat litter water absorption (g/mL) = (m) 2 -m 1 ) The results obtained are summarized in Table 1.
TABLE 1 cat litter hydroscopicity test results
| Sample of | Water absorption (g/mL) |
| Example 1 | 140 |
| Example 2 | 137 |
| Example 3 | 135 |
As can be seen from table 1: the chestnut shell cat litter prepared in examples 1-3 has excellent water absorption, and particularly the water absorption of the chestnut shell cat litter prepared in example 1 reaches 140g/mL.
Experimental example 2 dust amount measurement of cat litter
The chestnut shell cat litter, the peanut shell cat litter (manufactured by Shandong cat loving pet supplies Co., ltd.) and the bentonite cat litter (manufactured by inner Mongolian source bentonite technology Co., ltd.) which are prepared in examples 1-3 are respectively weighed by using a dosage cylinder, 200mL of the dosage cylinder is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and the sieved components are weighed, and the specific gravity is recorded as dust amount, namely:
dust amount (g/mL) =weight of screened component g/200mL, and the results are summarized in table 2.
TABLE 2 Cat litter dust amount detection results
| Sample of | Dust amount (g/mL) |
| Example 1 | 0.008 |
| Example 2 | 0.0089 |
| Example 3 | 0.0076 |
| Peanut shell cat litter | 0.047 |
| Bentonite cat litter | 0.039 |
The quality pet litter should have less dust. Dust from poor quality cat litter may induce diseases in the respiratory system of pet cats. Dust brought by cat litter not only pollutes indoor air, but also can influence the oral eyes and nose of the cat, and various problems such as sneeze, cough, lacrimation and the like appear.
As can be seen from table 2: example 3 was less dusty because the binder hydroxyethyl cellulose added was more, the caking was better, and the dust amount was less; the amount of dust in the chestnut shell cat litter prepared in examples 1-3 is not quite different, but is smaller than that in bentonite cat litter and peanut shell cat litter.
Experimental example 3 determination of volume weight (apparent specific gravity) of cat litter
Pouring the chestnut shell cat litter, the peanut shell cat litter (manufactured by Shandong cat love pet products Co., ltd.) and the bentonite cat litter (manufactured by inner Mongolian He source bentonite technology Co., ltd.) which are prepared in examples 1-3 into five 200ml measuring cylinders without vibration, respectively, scraping the excessive cat litter on the surfaces of the measuring cylinders, and measuring the weight of the cat litter in the cylinders. The apparent weight is calculated as follows, with the value expressed to the decimal point second digit:
apparent specific gravity (g/mL) =weight (g)/200 (mL), and the results obtained are summarized in table 3.
TABLE 3 visual specific gravity detection results of cat litter
| Sample of | Apparent specific gravity (g/mL) |
| Example 1 | 0.23 |
| Example 2 | 0.23 |
| Example 3 | 0.24 |
| Peanut shell cat litter | 0.48 |
| Bentonite cat litter | 0.92 |
The apparent specific gravity of the litter represents the mass of litter product per unit volume, i.e., the litter density. The production and sales of cat litter are generally calculated by volume. The apparent specific gravity of cat litter has an important relationship with the character and structure of the product, although it does not directly reflect the quality of the product. However, the stability of the apparent proportion of the product represents the stability of the quality of the product and can also be used as one of important indexes for measuring the fact that the cat litter product is not adulterated. The smaller apparent weight value means light weight, which is an advantage.
As can be seen from table 3: the apparent specific gravity of the bentonite cat litter is as high as 0.92g/mL, the apparent specific gravity of the peanut shell cat litter is 0.48g/mL, and the apparent specific gravity of the chestnut shell cat litter prepared in example 1 and example 2 is only 0.23g/mL.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments and illustrative examples. It should be noted, however, that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Various improvements, equivalent substitutions or modifications can be made to the technical content of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which all fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A method for preparing cat litter, the method comprising:
mixing the raw materials in the solution, granulating and drying to obtain the cat litter; wherein the raw materials comprise chestnut shell powder, a binder and a water absorbent,
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
selecting the chestnut shells without mildew and peculiar smell, crushing and grinding the chestnut shells by using a crushing and grinding machine, and sieving the chestnut shells with a 40-mesh sieve to remove larger chestnut shells and impurities in the chestnut shells to obtain chestnut shell powder;
then, adding water into the chestnut shell powder or drying by using a dryer, controlling the water content in the chestnut shell powder to be 8%, wherein the water content in the chestnut shell powder is detected by a direct drying method in national standard GB5009.3-2016 for later use;
weighing 100g of the prepared chestnut shell powder, 18g of hydroxyethyl cellulose powder and 12g of corn starch, adding 60mL of distilled water into a mixture of the chestnut shell powder, the hydroxyethyl cellulose powder and the corn starch, and fully and uniformly mixing by a stirrer to obtain a mixture;
granulating the mixture by using a granulator, screening the granules, and selecting cat litter granules with the granularity of 2-4 mm; drying the selected cat litter particles by using a dryer, wherein the temperature of the cat litter particles is 55 ℃, the time is 20min, unqualified powder is cleaned, the final chestnut shell cat litter is obtained, and the moisture content in the chestnut shell cat litter is 3% by using a direct drying method in national standard GB 5009.3-2016; finally, a PE packaging bag is adopted, and a vacuum packaging machine is used for packaging finished products with certain weight.
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