CN113904057B - Relief valve, battery piece, battery module and battery - Google Patents
Relief valve, battery piece, battery module and battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN113904057B CN113904057B CN202111062012.3A CN202111062012A CN113904057B CN 113904057 B CN113904057 B CN 113904057B CN 202111062012 A CN202111062012 A CN 202111062012A CN 113904057 B CN113904057 B CN 113904057B
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- battery
- pressure relief
- pressure
- hole
- valve
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/102—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a pressure release valve, a battery block, a battery module and a storage battery. Wherein, the relief valve includes shell, valve body, case subassembly and porous film layer. The shell is surrounded to form a mounting through hole; the valve body is arranged in the mounting through hole, a pressure relief hole is formed in the valve body, and the pressure relief hole is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end which are oppositely arranged; the valve core assembly is arranged in the installation through hole and positioned at the outlet end, and the valve core assembly has a sealing state for plugging the pressure relief hole and a pressure relief state for opening the pressure relief hole; the porous film layer is arranged in the installation through hole, the porous film layer is located on one side, close to the outlet end, of the valve body and is surrounded with the valve body to form a buffer cavity, a plurality of pressure relief through holes are formed in the porous film layer, and the pressure relief through holes are provided with self-sealing positions and self-pressure relief positions. The pressure release valve can timely release the pressure of the battery, can prevent outside air from entering the pressure release valve, and can reduce the potential safety hazard of the battery when the pressure release valve is used in the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a pressure release valve, a battery block, a battery module and a storage battery.
Background
The lithium battery is influenced by the manufacturing process, and the lithium battery contains a certain amount of water, so that the water can be electrolyzed into H in the charging and discharging processes of the battery 2 And O 2 At the same time, water reacts with the electrolyte to form HF. In addition, some side reactions can produce a large amount of gas in the charge-discharge process, and the gas can not be directly discharged to result in the internal air pressure of the lithium battery to become large, and the lithium battery swells, thereby causing the battery to jump water circularly.
In order to carry out the pressure release to the lithium cell, the mode that most commonly uses at present sets up explosion-proof valve on the lithium cell, and this explosion-proof valve is a weak aluminum sheet, and when the inside pressure of lithium cell reached a definite value, explosion-proof valve exploded and carries out the pressure release. However, when the pressure inside the lithium battery reaches a certain value, the electromagnetism has already seriously swelled, and the lithium battery still has a great potential safety hazard in the use process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a pressure release valve, a battery block, a battery module and a storage battery.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a pressure relief valve, including:
the shell is surrounded to form a mounting through hole;
the valve body is arranged in the mounting through hole, a pressure relief hole is formed in the valve body, and the pressure relief hole is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end which are oppositely arranged;
the valve core assembly is arranged in the mounting through hole and positioned at the outlet end, and the valve core assembly has a sealing state for plugging the pressure relief hole and a pressure relief state for opening the pressure relief hole; and
the porous film layer is arranged in the mounting through hole, is positioned on one side of the valve body close to the outlet end and surrounds the valve body to form a buffer cavity, and is provided with a plurality of pressure relief through holes which are provided with self-sealing positions and self-pressure relief positions;
when the air pressure at the inlet end is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure value, the valve core assembly is in the pressure relief state, and when the air pressure at the inlet end is less than the first preset pressure value, the valve core assembly is in the sealing state;
when atmospheric pressure in the buffer chamber is greater than or equal to the second and predetermines the pressure value, the pressure release through-hole is in from the pressure release position, when atmospheric pressure in the buffer chamber is less than the second and predetermines the pressure value, the pressure release through-hole is in from the sealing position, first predetermined pressure value is greater than the second is predetermine the pressure value.
As an alternative implementation, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first preset pressure value is P1, where P1=1.058Mpa-8Mpa.
As an alternative implementation, in the embodiment of the present invention, the second preset pressure value is P2, where P2=1.01Mpa-7.5Mpa.
As an alternative implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief through hole gradually decreases from a side close to the buffer cavity to a side far from the buffer cavity.
As an alternative embodiment, in an embodiment of the present invention, the porous film layer includes a PE film layer or a PP film layer.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure relief valve further includes a porous plate, the porous plate is fixedly disposed in the buffer cavity, the valve core assembly includes a valve core and an elastic element, two ends of the elastic element respectively abut against the valve core and the porous plate, and the valve core is disposed at one end of the elastic element far away from the porous plate to plug or open the pressure relief hole.
As an alternative implementation, in an embodiment of the present invention, the valve element is an elastic valve element.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the pressure relief hole are funnel-shaped, and a cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole first decreases and then increases along a direction from the outlet end to the inlet end.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the relief valve further includes a liquid-proof layer, and the liquid-proof layer is installed in the installation through hole and is located on a side of the valve body away from the buffer cavity.
As an alternative embodiment, in an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid-proof layer comprises a porous membrane layer.
As an alternative implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the liquid-proof layer is D, wherein D =0.01mm-10mm.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a battery block, where the battery block includes:
the bottom shell is provided with an accommodating cavity;
the winding core is arranged in the accommodating cavity;
the cover plate is arranged on the bottom shell in a covering mode;
the battery pole is connected with the winding core and penetrates out of the upper surface of the cover plate; and
the pressure relief valve is arranged on the cover plate to relieve the pressure of the battery block, and the pressure relief valve is the pressure relief valve.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the battery block further includes a first gas collecting pipe, and the first gas collecting pipe is connected to the pressure relief valve.
As an alternative implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the battery block further includes a first flow meter, which is disposed on the first gas collecting pipe, wherein,
when the battery block is activated, if the gas production rate V of the battery block is more than or equal to 0.01mL/min-1000mL/min or the gas production rate V of the battery block within 1h is more than or equal to V1=0.01L-100L, the winding core is abnormal.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a battery module, including:
a base; and
the battery pack is arranged on the base and comprises a plurality of battery blocks arranged side by side, and the battery blocks are the battery blocks.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the battery module further includes a second gas collecting pipe, and the first gas collecting pipe on each battery block is connected to the second gas collecting pipe.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the battery module further includes a second flow meter and a battery management system, the second flow meter is disposed at an outlet end of the second gas collecting pipe and is in communication connection with the battery management system, when a gas production rate v "of the battery module is greater than or equal to 1mL/min to 1000mL/min, the battery assembly is abnormal, and the battery management system alarms in real time.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a battery, where the battery includes:
a battery box; and
the battery module comprises a plurality of battery modules, wherein the battery modules are arranged in the battery box side by side, and the battery modules are the battery modules.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the storage battery further includes a gas collecting header pipe, the second gas collecting pipe of each battery module is connected to the gas collecting header pipe, and the gas collecting header pipe extends to the outside of the battery box.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the porous film layer is arranged on the pressure release valve, so that gas in the external environment and the like can be prevented from entering the buffer cavity under the action of the porous film layer, and further the gas can be prevented from entering the lithium battery from the outside. Meanwhile, the opening condition of the valve core assembly of the pressure release valve is larger than or equal to the first preset pressure value, when the air pressure in the lithium battery is increased, the pressure release valve can quickly execute pressure release action, the pressure release action does not need to be carried out until the lithium battery is severely swelled, and the use safety of the lithium battery can be further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a pressure relief valve disclosed in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a porous membrane layer disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure relief via portion on a porous membrane layer according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery block disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 6 is a wiring diagram of the battery module according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the secondary battery of the present invention.
Icon: 1. a pressure relief valve; 11. a housing; 111. mounting a through hole; 12. a valve body; 121. a pressure relief vent; 1211. an inlet end; 1212. an outlet end; 13. a valve core assembly; 131. a valve core; 132. an elastic element; 14. a porous film layer; 141. a pressure relief through hole; 15. a perforated plate; 16. a liquid-proof layer; 17. a buffer chamber; 2. a battery block; 21. a bottom case; 211. an accommodating chamber; 22. a winding core; 23. a cover plate; 24. a battery post; 25. a first gas collecting pipe; 26. a first flow meter; 3. a battery module; 31. a base; 32. a fixed mount; 33. side binding tapes; 34. a second gas collecting pipe; 35. a second flow meter; 36. a battery assembly; 4. a storage battery; 41. a battery box.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "center", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like indicate an orientation or a state relationship based on the orientation or the state relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or status relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some dependency or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "provided," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used primarily to distinguish one device, element, or component from another (the particular nature and configuration of which may be the same or different, and not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or importance of the indicated device, element, or component.
The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pressure relief valve disclosed in this embodiment, fig. 2 is a top view of a porous film layer disclosed in this embodiment, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pressure relief through hole portion of the porous film layer disclosed in this embodiment. According to the first embodiment of the invention, a pressure relief valve 1 is provided, and the pressure relief valve 1 comprises a housing 11, a valve body 12, a valve core assembly 13 and a porous membrane layer 14.
The housing 11 encloses and forms an installation through hole 111, which is convenient for installing the valve body 12, the valve core assembly 13 and the porous membrane layer 14. Specifically, the valve body 12 is installed in the installation through hole 111, and the valve body 12 is provided with a pressure relief hole 121, and the pressure relief hole 121 has an inlet end 1211 and an outlet end 1212 which are oppositely arranged; the valve core assembly 13 is arranged in the installation through hole 111 and located at the outlet end 1212 of the pressure relief hole 121, and when the pressure relief valve 1 works, the valve core assembly 13 has a sealing state for sealing the pressure relief hole 121 and a pressure relief state for opening the pressure relief hole 121; the porous film layer 14 is disposed in the installation through hole 111, the porous film layer 14 is located on one side of the valve body 12 close to the outlet end 1212 of the pressure relief hole 121 and surrounds the valve body 12 to form a buffer cavity 17, a plurality of pressure relief through holes 141 are disposed on the porous film layer 14, and the pressure relief through holes 141 have self-sealing positions and self-pressure relief positions. It is understood that the self-sealing and self-opening of the pressure relief through hole 141 in this embodiment refers to: the pressure relief through holes 141 are deformed by the light and thin property of the porous film layer 14 itself and can be sealed and opened by themselves (instead of opening or sealing the pressure relief through holes 141 by other structures) by the action of the external environment.
Specifically, when the air pressure at the inlet end 1211 of the pressure relief hole 121 is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure value, the valve core assembly 13 is in a pressure relief state, and when the air pressure at the inlet end 1211 of the pressure relief hole 121 is less than the first preset pressure value, the valve core assembly 13 is in a sealing state; when the air pressure in the buffer cavity 17 is greater than or equal to the second preset pressure value, the pressure relief through hole 141 is located at the self-pressure relief position, when the air pressure in the buffer cavity 17 is smaller than the second preset pressure value, the pressure relief through hole 141 is located at the self-sealing position, and the first preset pressure value is greater than the second preset pressure value.
Under the initial condition, case subassembly 13 is in encapsulated situation, when using relief valve 1 in this embodiment in the lithium cell, can install this relief valve 1 on the apron of lithium cell, gas that produces when the lithium cell is inside reaches a certain amount, and when making the inside atmospheric pressure increase of lithium cell be greater than or equal to first preset pressure value, case subassembly 13 receives the effect of the inside atmospheric pressure of lithium cell, can switch to the pressure release state from encapsulated situation, at this moment, the inside gas of lithium cell can enter into in the cushion chamber 17 from pressure release hole 121. Meanwhile, under the initial condition, pressure release through-hole 141 is in self sealss position, just can open when the atmospheric pressure of this pressure release through-hole 141 department needs the second to predetermine the pressure value, that is to say, under the normal condition, the air current of external environment can not get into and lead in the cushion chamber 17, and then can prevent that the external gas from entering into the inside of relief valve 1, can prevent that the gas mixture of external gas and lithium cell production from and taking place the incident. And when the inside atmospheric pressure of cushion chamber 17 is more than or equal to the second pressure value of predetermineeing, then pressure release through-hole 141 can switch to from the pressure release position from the self sealss position under the effect of the atmospheric pressure in cushion chamber 17 to can go out the gaseous release in the cushion chamber 17, finally realize the pressure release to the lithium cell.
That is to say, because be provided with porous thin film layer 14 on the relief valve 1 in this embodiment, through the effect of this porous thin film layer 14, can prevent that the gas of external environment etc. from entering into to cushion chamber 17, and then can prevent that gas from entering into to inside the lithium cell from the outside, so, can prevent that the gas in the external environment from getting into relief valve 1 inside and mixing and producing accidents such as explosion with the gas emergence of lithium cell release, can improve the safety in utilization of lithium cell. Meanwhile, the inside atmospheric pressure increase of lithium cell of case subassembly 13 of relief valve 1 in this embodiment is for being more than or equal to first preset pressure value, and when the inside atmospheric pressure increase of lithium cell, relief valve 1 can carry out the pressure release action fast, and need not wait to carry out the pressure release when the lithium cell bloates badly, can further improve the safety in utilization of lithium cell.
Optionally, the first preset pressure value is P1, where P1=1.058Mpa-8Mpa, that is, the condition that the spool assembly 13 opens the relief hole 121 may be, for example, that the air pressure of the inlet end 1211 is 1.058Mpa, 4Mpa, 6Mpa, 7Mpa or 8Mpa. If the opening condition of the valve core assembly 13 is less than 1.058Mpa, the valve core assembly 13 is in a pressure relief state under very small pressure, once the porous film layer 14 is damaged, external gas can easily enter the lithium battery, and thus potential safety hazards are easily caused; when the opening condition of the valve core assembly 13 is greater than 8Mpa, the valve core assembly 13 is easy to lose efficacy, which affects the service life of the pressure release valve 1, and certainly, if the air pressure of the gas generated by the lithium battery is greater than 8Mpa, the valve core assembly 13 loses efficacy, which can realize rapid pressure release.
Alternatively, the second preset pressure value is P2, where P2=1.01Mpa-7.5Mpa, that is, the self-pressure-relief condition of the pressure-relief through hole 141 on the porous film layer 14 may be, for example, that the air pressure in the buffer cavity 17 is 1.01Mpa, 2Mpa, 3Mpa, 4Mpa, 5Mpa, 6Mpa, or 7.5Mpa, etc. When the opening pressure of the pressure release through hole 141 is smaller than 1.01Mpa, the external gas easily enters the buffer cavity 17, and when the opening condition of the pressure release through hole 141 is larger than 7.5Mpa, the pressure release through hole 141 is easily disabled and is located at the self-pressure release position for a long time, self-sealing cannot be realized, and the external gas cannot be isolated from the internal gas of the pressure release valve 1.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the housing 11 may be arranged in a cylindrical shape, and may also be arranged in a prismatic, elliptic cylindrical or other shaped cylindrical shape. The installation through hole 111 is disposed in the housing 11 in a penetrating manner, and in actual use, one end of the installation through hole 111 is communicated with an internal space of the lithium battery, and the other end is communicated with an external environment through a pipeline and the like. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the housing 11 is a cylindrical housing, the thickness of the housing 11 is 0.1mm to 10mm, such as 0.1mm, 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm or 10mm, the inner diameter of the mounting through hole 111 is 0.1mm to 1000mm, such as 0.1mm, 100mm, 200mm, 400mm, 600mm, 800mm or 1000mm, and the like, and is selected and used according to actual use requirements and design requirements.
Alternatively, the housing 11 in this embodiment may be a plastic housing, or may be a metal housing, such as iron, an alloy, or the like.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the valve body 12 in this embodiment is disposed in the installation through hole 111 in a columnar shape, and is specifically installed at the middle position of the installation through hole 111, and during actual installation, the valve body 12 and the installation through hole 111 may be installed in an interference fit manner, or may be installed in a welding manner, an integral molding manner, or a clamping manner, etc.
Further, the pressure relief hole 121 is disposed on the central axis of the valve body 12, and both ends of the pressure relief hole 121 are funnel-shaped, and the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole 121 decreases and then increases along the direction from the outlet end 1212 to the inlet end 1211, it can be understood that the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole 121 herein is a cross-section obtained by cutting the pressure relief hole 121 along a circumferential direction perpendicular to the mounting through hole 111. So set up, at the entry 1211 of pressure release hole 121, the cross-sectional area of pressure release hole 121 reduces in the direction that is close to cushion chamber 17 gradually, can lead the fluid that gets into pressure release hole 121 department, can decompose the power that the fluid assaulted on valve body 12, slows down the perpendicular impact force of fluid to valve body 12 surface, is convenient for improve the life of relief valve 1. Correspondingly, at the exit end 1212 of the pressure relief hole 121, the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole 121 becomes gradually larger in the direction close to the cushion chamber 17, on the one hand, the vertical impulsive force of the valve core assembly 13 on the surface of the valve body 12 can be relieved when the valve core assembly 13 seals the pressure relief hole 121, on the other hand, the cross-sectional area of the exit end 1212 of the pressure relief hole 121 gradually decreases in the direction away from the cushion chamber 17, the contact of the valve core assembly 13 and the side wall of the pressure relief hole 121 is closer to the direction close to the entrance end of the pressure relief hole 121, and the sealing effect of the valve core assembly 13 on the pressure relief hole 121 can be improved to a certain extent.
Further, the spool assembly 13 in the present embodiment includes a spool 131 and an elastic member 132. In order to limit and install the valve core assembly 13 conveniently, in this embodiment, the pressure relief valve 1 further includes a porous plate 15, the porous plate 15 is fixedly installed in the buffer cavity 17, two ends of the elastic element 132 abut against the valve core 131 and the porous plate 15, the valve core 131 is disposed at one end of the elastic element 132 away from the porous plate 15 to close or open the pressure relief hole 121, when the air pressure at the inlet end 1211 of the pressure relief hole 121 is 2 to 4 atmospheres, the fluid on the inlet end 1211 side of the pressure relief hole 121 applies pressure to the valve core 131, the elastic element 132 is compressed, the valve core 131 moves towards the direction away from the pressure relief hole 121, the pressure relief hole 121 is opened, the valve core assembly 13 is in a pressure relief state, and the fluid enters the buffer cavity 17 from the pressure relief hole 121; when the air pressure at the inlet end 1211 of the pressure relief hole 121 is less than 2 atmospheric pressures, the elastic element 132 can be reset under the action of the restoring force of the elastic element, the valve core 131 moves towards the direction close to the pressure relief hole 121 to close the pressure relief hole 121, the valve core assembly 13 is in a sealed state, and fluid cannot enter the buffer cavity 17 from the pressure relief hole 121.
It should be noted that the porous plate 15 in this embodiment is a plate-shaped structure, the porous plate 15 may be a circular plate, a square plate, a triangular plate, a trapezoidal plate or other shaped plate capable of being fixedly installed in the installation through hole 111, and the porous plate 15 is provided with a plurality of through holes (not shown in the drawings) through which fluid can flow from the pressure relief hole 121 side to the porous film layer 14 side. Illustratively, the porous plate 15 in the present embodiment is a hard plate, which may be a plastic plate, a metal plate, or the like, and the porous plate 15 may be fixed in the mounting through hole 111 by welding, screwing, clipping, or the like, which is simple in structure and convenient to assemble.
Illustratively, the valve core 131 is an elastic valve core, and it is understood that the elastic valve core refers to a valve core with certain deformation capability. Optionally, the elastic valve core may be, for example, a plastic valve core, a silicone valve core, or the like, and the valve core 131 is provided with the elastic valve core, so that the sealing effect of the valve core 131 on the pressure relief hole 121 can be improved.
The elastic element 132 may be a rubber block, a silicon block, a metal elastic member, etc. for example, it is understood that the metal elastic member may be a metal spring, a metal elastic sheet, etc. and the metal may be a titanium alloy, etc. for example. In practice, the elastic element 132 may be cylindrical, bowl-shaped, polygonal, etc., and any other modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention. Fig. 1 in the present embodiment shows a case where the elastic member 132 is a rubber block having a thickness of 0.01mm to 100mm, for example, 0.01mm, 20mm, 40mm, 60mm, 80mm, or 100mm, etc. in the circumferential direction of the mounting through-hole 111 and a length of 0.01mm to 500mm, for example, 0.01mm, 100mm, 200mm, 300mm, 400mm, or 50mm, etc. in the radial direction of the mounting through-hole 111.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the porous film layer 14 in the present embodiment is a film that can be adapted to the shape of the installation through hole 111, that is, after the porous film layer 14 is installed at the installation through hole 111, the porous film layer 14 can cover the installation through hole 111, so that the fluid in the buffer chamber 17 can be prevented from flowing out from the gap between the inner side wall surface of the installation through hole 111 and the porous film layer 14. In practice, the porous membrane layer 14 may be attached to the housing 11 by bonding, welding, or the like.
Illustratively, the porous film layer 14 may be a PE film or a PP film. Wherein, PE (Polyethylene) is short for Polyethylene, and PE is a thermoplastic resin prepared by polymerizing ethylene. Industrially, PE also includes copolymers of ethylene with small amounts of alpha-olefins. The polyethylene is odorless and nontoxic, feels like wax, has excellent low-temperature resistance (the lowest use temperature can reach-100 ℃ to 70 ℃), is good in chemical stability, can resist corrosion of most of acid and alkali, can prevent gas released by the lithium battery from reacting with the gas to a certain extent, and is convenient for prolonging the service life of the pressure release valve 1. PP (Polypropylene) is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic plastic, has high impact resistance and high mechanical property, resists corrosion of various organic solvents and acid and alkali, can prevent gas released by the lithium battery from reacting with the PP to a certain extent, and is convenient for prolonging the service life of the pressure release valve 1.
Further, the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief through hole 141 gradually decreases from the side close to the cushion chamber 17 to the side far from the cushion chamber 17. That is, in the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the side of the pressure relief through hole 141 of the porous film layer 14 close to the buffer cavity 17 is larger, and the cross-sectional area of the side far from the buffer cavity 17 is larger, and it is understood that the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief through hole 141 is a cross-section obtained by cutting the pressure relief through hole 141 in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the installation through hole 111. So set up, even when porous film layer 14 deviates from the pressure that cushion chamber 17 one side is greater than porous film layer 14 and is close to the pressure of cushion chamber 17, porous film layer 14 deviates from the fluid of cushion chamber 17 one side also hardly enters into cushion chamber 17, this is because, porous film layer 14 deviates from the pressure of cushion chamber 17 side when big, porous film layer 14 can take place to warp, at this moment, the lateral wall of the pressure release through-hole 141 that corresponds can move towards cushion chamber 17 side, the lateral wall of pressure release through-hole 141 draws close towards the center axis side of pressure release through-hole 141 promptly, and then can make pressure release through-hole 141 opening diminish even with on its shutoff.
Optionally, the pressure relief through hole 141 in this embodiment is formed by a V-shaped needle penetrating through a non-porous PP film or PE film, the pressure relief through hole 141 obtained in this way is a V-shaped hole, when the air pressure in the buffer cavity 17 reaches 1.01 atm, the V-shaped hole is opened to relieve pressure, and when the air pressure inside the buffer cavity 17 is less than 1.01 atm, the V-shaped hole is closed to ensure that the air pressure inside the buffer cavity 17 is positive, thereby isolating the external ambient air. When the air pressure inside the buffer cavity 17 is greater than 2, the pressure relief through hole 141 is disabled and enlarged, and plays a role of exhausting a large amount of air.
In some embodiments, the relief valve 1 further includes a liquid-proof layer 16, and the liquid-proof layer 16 is mounted to the mounting through hole 111 and is located on a side of the valve body 12 away from the buffer chamber 17. The liquid-proof layer 16 is used to prevent external liquid from entering the inside of the pressure relief valve 1.
Further, the liquid-repellent layer 16 includes a porous membrane layer. The porous film may be, for example, a separator commonly used for lithium batteries, or may be a film similar to the porous film layer 14, and the outer diameter of the porous film layer is adapted to the mounting through-hole 111 so as to prevent liquid from entering the inside of the relief valve 1 through a gap between the outer edge of the porous film layer and the inner wall surface of the mounting through-hole 111. Optionally, the liquid-proof layer 16 in this embodiment may be connected to the housing 11 by bonding, welding, or the like, and is simple in structure and easy to implement.
Further, the liquid-proof layer 16 has a thickness D, wherein D =0.01mm-10mm, such as 0.01mm, 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm or 10mm. It can be understood that the thickness D of the liquid-proof layer 16 refers to the thickness of the liquid-proof layer 16 in the axial direction of the installation through hole 111, and if the thickness D of the liquid-proof layer 16 is smaller than 0.01mm, a solution or the like easily enters the inside of the relief valve 1 from the through hole on the liquid-proof layer 16, and when the thickness of the liquid-proof layer 16 is larger than 10mm, the entire volume of the relief valve 1 is easily increased, so that the miniaturization design of the relief valve 1 is difficult to realize, and the relief valve 1 is not convenient to install on a lithium battery.
In summary, the porous thin film layer 14 is disposed on the pressure release valve 1 in the present invention, and the gas in the external environment can be prevented from entering the buffer cavity 17 by the action of the porous thin film layer 14, and further, the gas can be prevented from entering the lithium battery from the outside, so that the gas in the external environment can be prevented from entering the pressure release valve 1 and mixing with the gas released by the lithium battery to cause accidents such as explosion, and the use safety of the lithium battery can be improved. Meanwhile, the opening condition of the valve core assembly 13 of the pressure release valve 1 is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure value, when the air pressure in the lithium battery is increased, the pressure release valve 1 can quickly perform pressure release action, the pressure release action does not need to be performed until the lithium battery is severely swelled, and the use safety of the lithium battery can be further improved.
Example two
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery block disclosed in the present embodiment. According to the second embodiment of the present invention, a battery block 2 is provided, and the battery block 2 may be a lithium battery. The battery block 2 includes a bottom case 21, a winding core 22, a cover plate 23, a battery post 24, and the pressure relief valve 1 described in the first embodiment.
Wherein, the bottom case 21 is provided with an accommodating cavity 211; the winding core 22 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 211; the cover plate 23 is covered on the bottom shell 21; the battery post 24 is connected with the winding core 22 and penetrates through the upper surface of the cover plate 23, so that the battery post can be electrically connected with other structures (such as electric components); the pressure release valve 1 is arranged on the cover plate 23, so that the pressure of the battery block 2 can be released conveniently.
Because be provided with relief valve 1 on the apron 23 of battery block 2 in this embodiment, this relief valve 1 is relief valve 1 in the first embodiment, under the initial condition, the case subassembly 13 of relief valve 1 is in encapsulated situation, gas when the inside formation of battery block 2 reaches an amount, and make the inside atmospheric pressure increase of battery block 2 for being more than or equal to when the first predetermined pressure value, case subassembly 13 receives the effect of the inside atmospheric pressure of battery block 2, can switch to the pressure release state from encapsulated situation, at this moment, the inside gas of battery block 2 can follow pressure release hole 121 and carry out the pressure release in entering into cushion chamber 17. Meanwhile, under the initial condition, the pressure relief through hole 141 is in the self-sealing position, and since this pressure relief through hole 141 can be opened when needing the second preset pressure value, that is to say, under the normal condition, the air current of external environment can not get into and lead in the buffer chamber 17, and then can prevent that the external gas from entering into the inside of relief valve 1, can prevent that the gas mixture of external gas and lithium cell production from taking place the incident. And when the inside atmospheric pressure of cushion chamber 17 was greater than 1.01Mpa, then pressure release through-hole 141 can switch over to from the pressure release position from the self-sealing position under the effect of the atmospheric pressure in cushion chamber 17 to can go out the gaseous release in the cushion chamber 17, finally realize the pressure release to the lithium cell.
Through the effect of this porous film layer 14, can prevent that the gas of external environment etc. from entering into to cushion chamber 17 in, and then can prevent that gas from entering into to battery piece 2 from the outside inside, so, can prevent that the gas in the external environment from getting into inside relief valve 1 and mixing and producing incident such as explosion with the gaseous emergence of battery piece 2 release, can improve the safety in utilization of lithium cell. Meanwhile, the opening air pressure of the valve core assembly 13 of the pressure release valve 1 is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure value, when the air pressure in the lithium battery is increased, the pressure release valve 1 can quickly perform pressure release action, the pressure release action does not need to be performed until the battery block 2 is severely swelled, and the use safety of the lithium battery can be further improved.
In the process of actually producing the battery block 2, firstly, a mounting hole (not shown in the figure) is formed in the cover plate 23, then the pressure release valve 1 is mounted at the mounting through hole, and the pressure release valve can be fixed on the cover plate 23 in the modes of welding, screwing, clamping, bonding and the like, then is in sealing connection with the bottom shell 21 with the winding core 22, and finally is used for injecting and activating the winding core 22. During the activation process, it is necessary to reflect whether or not the production of the cell block 2 is abnormal, by using the gas generated from the cell block 2.
Specifically, the battery block 2 further includes a first gas collecting pipe 25, and the first gas collecting pipe 25 is connected to the pressure release valve 1 to facilitate delivery of the gas released from the battery block 2 to a predetermined place. The battery block 2 further comprises a first flow rate meter 26, wherein the first flow rate meter 26 is provided with a first gas collecting pipe 25 for testing the flow rate of gas generated by the first flow rate meter 26 in the process of activating the battery block 2, namely, when the battery block 2 is activated, if the gas generation rate v' of the battery block 2 is more than or equal to 0.01mL/min-1000mL/min, such as 0.01mL/min, 200mL/min, 400mL/min, 600mL/min, 800mL/min, 1000mL/min and the like, the winding core 22 is abnormal and needs to be removed in time; meanwhile, if the gas production V' of the battery block 2 is more than or equal to 0.01L-100L, such as 0.01L, 20L, 40L, 60L, 80L or 100L within 1h, the core 22 is abnormal, and needs to be removed in time.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the battery module disclosed in the present embodiment, and fig. 6 is a wiring relationship diagram of the battery module disclosed in the present embodiment. According to the third embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a battery module 3, the battery module 3 including a base 31, a fixing frame 32, a side tie 33, and a battery assembly 36. Wherein, the battery assembly 36 is arranged on the base 31, and the battery assembly 36 includes a plurality of battery blocks 2 arranged side by side, which are the battery blocks described in the second embodiment; the holder 32 and the side straps 33 are provided on the battery assembly 36 to fix the battery assembly 36.
It can be understood that the battery module 3 in the present application has the battery block 2 described above, and therefore, the battery module 3 in the present application has all the technical effects of the battery block 2 described above, and since the technical effects of the battery block 2 have been fully described above, the details are not described herein again.
Further, the battery module 3 in this embodiment further includes a second gas collecting pipe 34, and the first gas collecting pipe 25 on each battery block 2 is connected with the second gas collecting pipe 34, so as to facilitate conveying the gas generated by the battery block 2 to a predetermined position, and avoid accidents such as explosion caused by the gas gathering inside the battery module 3.
The battery module 3 in this embodiment further includes a second flow meter 35 and a Battery Management System (BMS), the second flow meter 35 is disposed at the outlet end of the second gas collecting pipe 34 and is in communication connection with the battery management system, when the gas generation rate v of the battery module 3 is greater than or equal to 1mL/min to 1000mL/min, such as 1mL/min, 200mL/min, 400mL/min, 600mL/min, 800mL/min or 1000mL/min, the battery module 36 is abnormal, the battery management system gives an alarm in real time, at this time, the battery module 36 needs to be checked in time to replace the abnormal battery block 2, and further the stability and reliability of the battery module 3 in use are improved. At present, the battery module is monitored only through the cell temperature, the cell surface pressure, the cell opening back gas composition and other means early warning battery abnormity, wherein the cell temperature is slow correspondingly, the surface pressure needs to increase a large amount of cost, and the cell opening back gas composition analysis means is not only high in cost but also the cell has failed seriously. The invention can monitor the gas production rate of the battery module 3 and quickly warn the abnormity of the battery module.
In the actual connection process, other collection generated by the battery module 3 can be conveyed to a predetermined place through the second gas collecting pipe 34 for component decomposition and the like, and theoretical basis can be provided for the design and improvement of the battery module 3.
Two specific examples will be given below to comparatively explain the technical effects of the present application:
example 1: preparing a 3.2V280Ah battery cell, assembling an LFP (linear frequency modulation) battery cell which is 173mm long, 71mm wide and 207mm high with the battery cell by adopting a market universal explosion-proof valve (weak aluminum sheet design), producing and activating the battery cell according to normal procedures, and assembling a 1P16S 51.2V280Ah module according to a market monitoring battery temperature mode.
Example 2: preparing a 3.2V280Ah battery core with a pressure release valve 1, wherein the cylindrical body of the pressure release valve 1 is an aluminum shell, the wall thickness is 2mm, the diameter is 30mm, and the height is 20mm; the liquid-proof layer 16 is a 0.1mm lithium battery common diaphragm with the diameter of 30mm; the valve body 12 is made of aluminum material and is designed integrally with the cylinder; the valve core 131 is made of rubber, as shown in fig. 1, the valve core 131 is a structure combining a cylinder and a frustum, has a height of 10mm, and is designed to be matched with the pressure relief hole 121; the elastic element 132 is made of a titanium alloy material, is bowl-shaped, has a height H1=3mm in the circumferential direction of the installation through hole 111, has a diameter of 10mm, has an air pressure of 3 atmospheres at the inlet end 1211 of the pressure relief hole 121, and has a failure air pressure of 6MPa; the porous film layer 14 is made of PE and is circular, the diameter of the porous film layer is 30mm, the self-pressure relief air pressure of the pressure relief through hole 141 in the porous film layer 14 is 1.2 atmospheric pressures, and the failure air pressure is 2.01MPa. The cell structure was the same as in example 1. And (3) producing and activating the battery core according to normal procedures, assembling the battery core into a 1P16S 51.2V280Ah module, and arranging a gas collecting pipeline, a flow meter and other monitoring equipment for the battery.
According to the comparison example, after the pressure release valve is used in the battery module, the battery module can realize rapid pressure release, only one-time liquid injection operation is needed, the production process can be simplified, the production cost can be reduced, the water jumping probability of the battery module can be reduced, abnormal electric cores can be timely eliminated, and the safety performance and consistency of products are improved.
Example four
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery disclosed in the present embodiment, and according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a battery 4, where the battery 4 includes a battery box 41 and a plurality of battery modules 3, the plurality of battery modules 3 are arranged in the battery box 41 side by side, and the battery modules 3 in a third embodiment of the battery modules 3 are provided. Alternatively, the number of the battery modules 3 in the present embodiment may be two, or may be two or more, and fig. 7 shows a case where there are two battery modules 3. It can be understood that the storage battery 4 in the present application has the battery module 3 described above, and therefore, the storage battery 4 in the present application has all the technical effects of the battery module 3 described above, and since the technical effects of the battery module 3 have been fully described above, the detailed description thereof is omitted here.
Further, the storage battery 4 further includes a gas collecting main pipe (not shown in the figure), the second gas collecting pipe 34 of each battery module 3 is connected to the gas collecting main pipe, and the gas collecting main pipe extends to the outside of the battery box 41, so as to prevent the explosive gas from gathering in the battery box 41, and facilitate improvement of the explosion-proof safety performance of the storage battery 4 in this embodiment.
The pressure release valve, the battery block, the battery module and the storage battery disclosed by the embodiment of the invention are described in detail, a specific example is applied in the description to explain the principle and the embodiment of the invention, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the pressure release valve, the battery block, the battery module and the storage battery and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A pressure relief valve, comprising:
the shell is surrounded to form a mounting through hole;
the valve body is arranged in the installation through hole, a pressure relief hole is formed in the valve body, the pressure relief hole is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end which are oppositely arranged, both ends of the pressure relief hole are funnel-shaped, and the cross sectional area of the pressure relief hole is firstly reduced and then increased along the direction from the outlet end to the inlet end;
the valve core assembly is arranged in the mounting through hole and positioned at the outlet end, and the valve core assembly has a sealing state for plugging the pressure relief hole and a pressure relief state for opening the pressure relief hole; and
the porous film layer comprises a PE film layer or a PP film layer, the porous film layer is arranged in the mounting through hole, the porous film layer is positioned on one side, close to the outlet end, of the valve body and surrounds the valve body to form a buffer cavity, a plurality of pressure relief through holes are formed in the porous film layer, the pressure relief through holes are provided with self-sealing positions and self-pressure relief positions, the self-sealing and self-pressure relief of the pressure relief through holes mean that the pressure relief through holes are affected by the action force exerted by the external environment and can deform by means of the self light and thin characteristic of the porous film layer and realize self-sealing and self-opening, and the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief through holes is gradually reduced from one side close to the buffer cavity to one side far away from the buffer cavity;
the pressure relief valve further comprises a porous plate, the porous plate is fixedly arranged in the buffer cavity, the valve core assembly comprises a valve core and an elastic element, two ends of the elastic element are respectively abutted against the valve core and the porous plate, and the valve core is arranged at one end, far away from the porous plate, of the elastic element so as to seal or open the pressure relief hole;
when the air pressure at the inlet end is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure value, the valve core assembly is in the pressure relief state, and when the air pressure at the inlet end is less than the first preset pressure value, the valve core assembly is in the sealing state;
when atmospheric pressure in the buffer chamber is greater than or equal to the second and predetermines the pressure value, the pressure release through-hole is in from the pressure release position, when atmospheric pressure in the buffer chamber is less than the second and predetermines the pressure value, the pressure release through-hole is in from the sealing position, first default pressure value is greater than the second is predetermine the pressure value.
2. A pressure relief valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the first preset pressure value is P1, where P1=1.058Mpa-8Mpa.
3. The pressure relief valve according to claim 1, characterized in that said second preset pressure value is P2, where P2=1.01Mpa-7.5Mpa.
4. The pressure relief valve of claim 1 wherein said spool is an elastomeric spool.
5. A pressure relief valve according to any of claims 1-4 further comprising a liquid proof layer mounted to the mounting through hole and located on a side of the valve body remote from the buffer chamber.
6. A pressure relief valve according to claim 5 wherein the liquid proof layer comprises a porous membrane layer.
7. A pressure relief valve according to claim 5, characterized in that the thickness of the liquid-proof layer is D, where D = 0.01-10 mm.
8. A battery block, comprising:
the bottom shell is provided with an accommodating cavity;
the winding core is arranged in the accommodating cavity;
the cover plate is arranged on the bottom shell in a covering mode;
the battery pole is connected with the winding core and penetrates out of the upper surface of the cover plate; and
the pressure relief valve is arranged on the cover plate to relieve the pressure of the battery block, and the pressure relief valve is as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The battery block of claim 8, further comprising a first gas header connected to the pressure relief valve.
10. The battery block of claim 9, further comprising a first flow meter disposed at the first gas manifold, wherein,
when the battery block is activated, if the gas production rate V of the battery block is more than or equal to 0.01mL/min-1000mL/min or the gas production rate V of the battery block within 1h is more than or equal to V1=0.01L-100L, the winding core is abnormal.
11. A battery module, comprising:
a base; and
a battery assembly disposed on the base, the battery assembly including a plurality of battery blocks disposed side by side, the battery blocks of any one of claims 8 to 10.
12. The battery module of claim 11, further comprising a second gas manifold, wherein the first gas manifold on each battery block is connected to the second gas manifold.
13. The battery module according to claim 12, wherein the battery module further comprises a second odometer and a battery management system, the second odometer is arranged at an outlet end of the second gas collecting pipe and is in communication connection with the battery management system, when a gas production rate v ″ of the battery module is greater than or equal to 1-1000 mL/min, the battery assembly is abnormal, and the battery management system gives an alarm in real time.
14. A battery, characterized in that the battery comprises:
a battery case; and
a plurality of battery modules disposed side by side in the battery box, the battery module according to any one of claims 11 to 13.
15. The battery of claim 14, further comprising a gas collection manifold to which the second gas collection tubes of each of the battery modules are connected, the gas collection manifold extending to the exterior of the battery box.
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| CN208939057U (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-06-04 | 深圳市品诺能源有限公司 | A kind of explosion-proof lithium battery |
| CN109698298A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-30 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | The pressure relief device of battery core |
| JP7328614B2 (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2023-08-17 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | Abnormality detection device for battery pack |
| CN211404542U (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-09-01 | 东莞市沃泰通新能源有限公司 | Battery cap |
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| JPH0645251U (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 1994-06-14 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Battery safety valve device |
| JP2009277504A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-11-26 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Pack battery |
| CN109818091A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-28 | 深圳瑞隆新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery |
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| CN113904057A (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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