CN113903979A - Wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for vehicle-mounted emergency call system and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for vehicle-mounted emergency call system and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
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- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
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- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for a vehicle-mounted emergency call system and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, wherein the wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery comprises a positive plate, a negative plate, a diaphragm, electrolyte, a shell and auxiliary materials, the positive plate comprises a positive active material lithium iron phosphate, a positive conductive agent, a positive binder and an aluminum current collector, the negative plate comprises negative graphite, a negative conductive agent, a negative dispersing agent, a negative binder and a copper current collector, and the electrolyte comprises a solvent, an electrolyte and an additive. The problems in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for a vehicle-mounted emergency call system and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries.
Background
With the rapid development of society, the reserved quantity of private cars is larger and larger, and in 2020, the reserved quantity of Chinese motor vehicles is 3.72 hundred million, which is increased by 9.4% on a year-by-year basis; wherein the number of the automobile is 2.81 hundred million, the year-on-year growth is 7.5 percent, and the number of the motor vehicle drivers is 4.56 hundred million. While providing convenience for our lives, motor vehicles also create a series of problems, such as road traffic accidents, environmental pollution, and the like. In 2020, the number of dead people in all vehicles in a road traffic accident is 1.66, and after a plurality of traffic accidents occur, people cannot be timely cured to cause disability or death. In order to cope with high traffic accidents each year in the global range, countries such as Europe, America, Japan and Russia and the like take measures in succession, an emergency call system is installed on a motor vehicle, when a traffic accident happens to an automobile, an alarm can be given out to timely treat the wounded person, and the death probability of the person is greatly reduced. However, the 12V power supply of the vehicle itself is likely to be powered off and fail after an accident occurs, and the emergency call system cannot make an emergency call, a wireless signal cannot be sent, the GPS cannot locate the position of the vehicle, the emergency vehicle cannot find the position of the emergency vehicle after the power supply fails, and the like, so the emergency call system needs to be provided with a backup battery to ensure the normal use and reliability of the system, and in addition, the vehicles are located in different geographical terrain environments, the temperature range of the use environment is relatively wide, and the cost, the size, the energy density, the voltage range and the safety need to be balanced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for a vehicle-mounted emergency call system and a manufacturing method thereof, and solves the problems in the prior art.
The invention relates to a wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for a vehicle-mounted emergency call system, which is used in the vehicle-mounted emergency call system, the vehicle-mounted emergency call system is powered by a vehicle power supply, the lithium iron phosphate battery is used as an auxiliary standby power supply to be connected with the vehicle-mounted emergency call system, the vehicle power supply is cut off and fails after an accident occurs on the vehicle, the lithium iron phosphate battery can be used as an emergency power supply to maintain the normal work of the vehicle-mounted emergency call system, the lithium battery comprises a positive plate, a negative plate, a diaphragm, electrolyte, a shell and auxiliary materials, the positive plate comprises a positive active material lithium iron phosphate, a positive conductive agent, a positive adhesive and a current collector aluminum, the negative plate comprises negative graphite, a negative conductive agent, a negative dispersing agent, a negative adhesive and a copper current collector, and the electrolyte comprises a solvent, an electrolyte and an additive.
Further, be equipped with the controller in the on-vehicle emergency call system, lithium iron phosphate battery connection director, the controller is connected with the GSM module through the converter, the MCU module, GPS module and audio module, when the vehicle accident, through GPS module radio signal locking vehicle accident site, vehicle information utilizes behind the MCU module processing directly to send to emergency center through the GSM module and prepare work before rescue, remote service is opened to the while system, utilize audio module and car-mounted personnel to talk through the mode of artifical wiring, know personnel and vehicle condition, confirm with car-mounted personnel whether to report to the police the rescue, if car-mounted personnel unmanned response with acquiescence car-mounted personnel are stupor or die, emergency center goes to the rescue.
Furthermore, the active material lithium iron phosphate in the positive plate accounts for 95-97%, the positive conductive agent accounts for 1-2%, and the positive binder accounts for 2-3%; the proportion of the graphite component in the negative plate is 93-96%, the proportion of the negative conductive agent component is 1-2%, the proportion of the negative dispersing agent component is 1-2%, and the proportion of the negative binder component is 2-3%.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of solvents DMC, EMC and EC in the electrolyte is 20:30:50, the mass fraction of the electrolyte in the electrolyte is 10% -15%, and the concentration of the electrolyte in the electrolyte is 1.1-1.3 mol/L.
Further, the positive electrode conductive agent is one or more of superconducting carbon black, flake conductive graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube and vapor grown fiber; the negative electrode conductive agent is one or more of superconducting carbon black, conductive graphite, carbon fiber or carbon nano tube;
further, the positive electrode binder is polyvinylidene fluoride; the aluminum current collector is an aluminum foil with the thickness of 12-16 mu m, and the negative dispersing agent is battery-grade sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the negative electrode binder is one of styrene butadiene rubber, acrylic acid or carboxylic ester; the copper current collector is a copper foil with the thickness of 6-12 mu m.
Furthermore, the diaphragm is a wet-process PE diaphragm or a dry-process PP diaphragm, the thickness of the diaphragm is 16-29 mu m, the porosity of the diaphragm is 40-46%, and the air permeability is 200-400 s/100 mL.
Further, the shell comprises a steel shell and a cover cap, the steel shell is made of imported cold-rolled steel SPCC through integral stretching forming, and the whole steel shell is the negative end of the battery; the cap is a battery safety device, the cap structure is a combined cap, and a current breaking device and a pressure relief device are arranged on the cap; the steel shell and the cover cap are combined for sealing, and meanwhile, the battery is sealed.
Furthermore, the auxiliary material comprises an upper gasket, a lower gasket, a positive tab and a negative tab, wherein the upper gasket is of a circular porous type, the lower gasket is of a circular ring type, the upper gasket is arranged on the inner sides of the positive tab and the winding core, the lower gasket is arranged on the inner sides of the negative tab and the winding core, and a central hole of the lower gasket is superposed with a central hole of the winding core; the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug extend towards two sides of the positive plate and the negative plate, the positive electrode lug is an aluminum strip with the width of 3.0-4.0 mm and the thickness of 0.08-0.15 mm, and is welded with the positive plate, and the negative electrode lug is a nickel strip or a copper-nickel composite strip or a nickel-copper-nickel composite strip with the width of 3.0-4.0 mm and the thickness of 0.08-0.15 mm, and is welded with the negative plate.
Furthermore, the energy density of the battery ranges from 1.6 Wh to 6.5Wh, the diameter of the battery ranges from 14.0 mm to 18.5mm, and the height of the battery ranges from 35.0 mm to 65.5 mm.
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for a vehicle-mounted emergency call system, which comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a positive plate, namely dissolving a positive material in a solvent, uniformly stirring at a high speed to prepare slurry, uniformly coating the slurry on an aluminum foil by using coating equipment, baking a coated wet film at a high temperature, drying, rolling to prepare the plate, and cutting the plate with a fixed width;
step two: preparing a negative plate, namely dissolving a negative material in a solvent, uniformly stirring at a high speed to prepare slurry, uniformly coating the slurry on copper foil by using coating equipment, baking a coated wet film at a high temperature, drying, rolling to prepare a pole piece, and slitting the pole piece;
step three: baking the pole piece, namely putting the cut positive and negative pole pieces into a vacuum oven for baking, and testing the moisture of the pole piece after baking for a period of time;
step four: winding, wherein the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are subjected to ultrasonic welding of the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab before winding, the positive electrode sheet, the diaphragm, the negative electrode sheet and the diaphragm are wound into a cylindrical winding core in the up-down sequence, the winding core requires that the diaphragm completely covers the negative electrode sheet in the up-down direction and the head-tail direction, the negative electrode sheet completely covers the positive electrode sheet, and then the winding core is subjected to short circuit test;
step five: assembling, namely placing a lower gasket between the bent negative electrode lug and the winding core, placing the winding core in a steel shell, welding the negative electrode lug and the bottom of the steel shell, placing an upper gasket at the positive electrode lug, then performing rolling groove on the neck part of the steel shell, and then performing screening of poor winding and coating through X-ray;
step six: filling liquid, namely placing the qualified winding core of the X-ray in the fifth step into a liquid filling machine for quantitatively filling electrolyte;
step seven: welding and sealing a cap, welding the positive lug of the battery cell with the cap after liquid injection, sealing and sealing the cap of the battery after welding, and cleaning the sealed battery cell;
step eight: formation, namely activating the battery cell in the step seven by charging with low current;
step nine: aging, namely, carrying out shelf aging on the battery after formation;
step ten: and (4) grading, and carrying out capacity test after aging is finished.
Further, the step eight is specifically formed by the following steps: (1) charging at 0.05 deg.C for 60 min; (2) charging at 0.1 deg.C for 60 min; (3) charging at 0.2C for 90 min; (4)0.5C discharge to 2.5V: (5) and charging at 0.5 deg.C for 150 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for the vehicle-mounted emergency call system and the manufacturing method thereof are applied to the vehicle-mounted emergency call system, when a vehicle has an accident, a 12V power supply of the vehicle is cut off and fails, the battery serves as an emergency power supply to maintain the normal work of the vehicle-mounted emergency call system, so that a person can send a distress signal in a short time, the time for waiting for rescue is shortened, the person can be timely rescued, and the death rate is reduced. The high-temperature-range lithium ion battery has a good wide temperature range, can realize long-term storage in a high-temperature environment and a long service life, has high discharge efficiency in an environment of-30-85 ℃, can realize 3C constant-current charging capacity of more than or equal to 90% and 10C constant-current discharge capacity of more than or equal to 90% at normal temperature to overcome the defects of long charging time and low discharge efficiency of the battery, meets the requirements of multiple fields of quick charging and quick discharging, and solves the problems in the prior art.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view illustrating a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a table of stored test data in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of high and low temperature discharge curves for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the rate charging trend in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the discharge trend of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a high temperature cycle trend chart for an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of an application of the emergency call system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating operation of the vehicular emergency call system according to an embodiment of the present invention
In the figure: 1. a positive plate; 2. a negative plate; 3. a diaphragm; 4. an electrolyte; 5. a steel shell; 6. capping; 7. an upper gasket; 8. a lower gasket; 9. a positive tab; 10. and a negative tab.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples:
example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, according to the wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for the vehicle-mounted emergency call system, the lithium iron phosphate battery is used in the vehicle-mounted emergency call system, the vehicle-mounted emergency call system is powered by a vehicle power supply, the lithium iron phosphate battery is used as an auxiliary standby power supply to be connected with the vehicle-mounted emergency call system, after an accident occurs to a vehicle, the vehicle power supply is cut off and fails, and the lithium iron phosphate battery is used as an emergency power supply to maintain the normal operation of the vehicle-mounted emergency call system;
be equipped with the controller in the on-vehicle emergency call system, lithium iron phosphate battery connection director, the controller is connected with the GSM module through the converter, the MCU module, GPS module and audio module, when the vehicle accident, through GPS module radio signal locking vehicle accident site, vehicle information utilizes behind the MCU module processing directly to send to emergency center through the GSM module and carry out the preparation work before rescuing simultaneously, remote service is opened to the while system, utilize audio module and the personnel on the car to talk through the mode of manual wiring, know personnel and vehicle condition, confirm with the personnel on the car and whether report to the police the rescue, personnel on the car answer with acquiescence personnel on the car stupor or die, emergency center will go to the rescue.
The battery comprises six parts, namely a positive plate 1, a negative plate 2, a diaphragm 3, electrolyte 4, a steel shell 5, a cap 6, an upper gasket 7, a lower gasket 8, a positive tab 9 and a negative tab 10.
The positive plate 1 comprises 95-97% of positive active material lithium iron phosphate, 1-2% of positive conductive agent and 2-3% of positive binder.
The lithium iron phosphate is liquid-phase carbon-coated micron-sized lithium iron phosphate with more regular appearance; the positive electrode conductive agent is one or more of superconducting carbon black, flaky conductive graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nano tube and vapor grown fiber; the positive electrode binder is polyvinylidene fluoride; the aluminum current collector is an aluminum foil with the thickness of 12-16 mu m.
The negative plate 2 comprises 93-96% of graphite, 1-2% of a negative conductive agent, 1-2% of a negative dispersing agent and 2-3% of a negative binder.
The negative electrode graphite is artificial graphite subjected to secondary granulation; the negative electrode conductive agent is one or more of superconducting carbon black, conductive graphite, carbon fiber or carbon nano tube; the negative dispersing agent is battery-grade sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the negative electrode binder is one of styrene butadiene rubber, acrylic acid or carboxylic ester; the copper current collector is a copper foil with the thickness of 6-12 mu m.
The diaphragm 3 is a wet PE diaphragm or a dry PP diaphragm.
The diaphragm is a wet-process PE diaphragm or a dry-process PP diaphragm, the thickness of the diaphragm is 16-29 mu m, the porosity of the diaphragm is 40-46%, and the air permeability is 200-400 s/100mL, wherein the diaphragm can be a base film or an AL-coated diaphragm2O3The ceramic separator of (1).
The electrolyte 4 is a wide-temperature-multiplying-power electrolyte with high and low temperature performances, and comprises a solvent, an electrolyte and an additive. The solvent is DMC, EMC and EC, the mass ratio is 20:30:50, the mass fraction of the electrolyte in the electrolyte is 10% -15%, the concentration is 1.1-1.3 mol/L, and the additives are VC, FEC and DTD.
The shell is a steel shell 5 and a cover cap 6, the steel shell is made of domestic or imported cold rolled steel SPCC (cold rolled steel) and integrally stretched and formed, the function is to put the winding core into the steel shell and inject liquid, the containing and protecting function is realized, the steel shell is welded with a winding core negative electrode lug, and the whole steel shell is the negative electrode end of the battery; the cap is a battery safety device, the cap structure is a combined cap, and a current disconnecting device (CID) and a pressure relief device (Vent) are arranged on the cap and are welded with the positive lug of the winding core to form a battery positive end; the steel shell and the cover cap are combined for sealing, and meanwhile, the battery is sealed.
The auxiliary material comprises an upper gasket 7, a lower gasket 8, a positive tab 9 and a negative tab 10, the upper and lower gaskets are made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), the thickness is 0.1-0.3 mm, the upper gasket is a circular porous type, the lower gasket is a circular ring type, the upper gasket is arranged in the positive tab and is arranged in the inner side of a roll core, the lower gasket is arranged in the negative tab and is arranged in the inner side of the roll core, a center hole of the lower gasket is coincided with a center hole of the roll core, the main effect of the lower gasket is to prevent the roll core from damaging the roll core when the tab is folded, and meanwhile, the negative tab is in the roll core in an isolated mode, and the negative tab is in an internal short circuit caused by contact with a cap or a steel shell. The positive and negative electrode tabs extend towards two sides of the positive and negative electrode plates, the positive electrode tabs are aluminum strips with the width of 3.0-4.0 mm and the thickness of 0.08-0.15 mm, and are welded with the positive electrode plates. The negative electrode lug is a nickel strip or a copper-nickel composite strip or a nickel-copper-nickel composite strip with the width of 3.0-4.0 mm, the thickness of the negative electrode lug is 0.08-0.15 mm, and the negative electrode lug is welded with the negative electrode piece.
The energy density range of the battery is 1.6-6.5 Wh, the diameter range of the battery is 14.0-18.5 mm, and the height range of the battery is 35.0-65.5 mm.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 7, it is an application circuit diagram of the wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery in the emergency call system of the vehicle-mounted emergency call system of the present invention, the vehicle-mounted emergency call system uses a 12V power supply of the vehicle as a power supply, and the battery is used as an auxiliary backup power supply. When the vehicle has an accident, the 12V power supply of the vehicle is cut off and fails, the battery is used as an emergency power supply to maintain the normal work of the vehicle-mounted emergency call system, so that the personnel can send out a distress signal in a short time, the time for waiting for rescue is shortened, the personnel can be timely rescued, and the death rate is reduced.
As shown in fig. 8, as a working flow chart of the vehicle-mounted emergency call system, when an accident occurs to a vehicle, an accident location of the vehicle is locked through a GPS wireless signal, and meanwhile, vehicle information (such as a license plate number, a driving route, whether an airbag is opened, an accident location, and the like) can be directly transmitted to an emergency center for preparation before rescue, and meanwhile, the system starts remote service, knows the conditions of personnel and the vehicle on the vehicle through a manual wiring mode, and confirms whether to alarm rescue with the personnel on the vehicle, if the personnel on the vehicle are unconscious or dead without response, the emergency center will go to rescue.
Through the improvement of battery structure, battery supply circuit and material, electrolyte 4 is the wide temperature multiplying power type electrolyte that gives consideration to high low temperature performance simultaneously, is fit for using in on-vehicle emergency call system and supplies power, and the electrolyte includes solvent, electrolyte, additive. The solvent is DMC, EMC and EC, the mass ratio is 20:30:50, the mass fraction of the electrolyte in the electrolyte is 10% -15%, the concentration is 1.1-1.3 mol/L, and the additives are VC, FEC and DTD. The lithium battery has a good wide temperature range, and can be used in an environment of-30 ℃ to 85 ℃. Meanwhile, the battery overcomes the defects of poor multiplying power performance, long charging time and low discharging efficiency of the existing low-temperature or high-temperature battery in the market, is suitable for being applied to an emergency call system of a motor vehicle, can be used as an emergency power supply to ensure the normal work of the emergency call system of the vehicle when a traffic accident happens to the vehicle, gives an alarm to timely treat a wounded person, and greatly reduces the death probability of the person.
Example 2:
the invention relates to a manufacturing method of a wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for a vehicle-mounted emergency call system, which comprises the following steps of:
1) manufacturing a positive plate: dissolving a positive electrode material in a solvent, uniformly stirring at a high speed to prepare slurry, uniformly coating the slurry on an aluminum foil by using coating equipment, baking a coated wet film at a high temperature of 100-130 ℃, drying, rolling to prepare a pole piece, and cutting the pole piece at a fixed width.
2) Manufacturing a negative plate; dissolving a negative electrode material in a solvent, uniformly stirring at a high speed to prepare slurry, uniformly coating the slurry on copper foil by using coating equipment, baking a coated wet film at a high temperature of 70-100 ℃, drying, rolling to prepare a pole piece, slitting the pole piece, wherein the slitting width is 1-2 mm wider than that of the positive electrode.
3) Baking the pole piece: and (3) placing the cut positive and negative plates into a vacuum oven, and baking at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ under the condition that the vacuum is less than or equal to-90 Kpa. The baking time is 8-12 h, nitrogen is replaced every 2h, and the moisture of the pole piece is tested after baking, wherein the moisture of the positive pole piece is less than or equal to 200ppm, and the moisture of the negative pole piece is less than or equal to 300 ppm.
4) Winding: the positive and negative pole pieces are subjected to ultrasonic welding of the positive and negative pole ears before winding, a cylindrical winding core is wound according to the up-down sequence of the positive pole piece, the diaphragm, the negative pole piece and the diaphragm, the winding core requires the diaphragm to completely coat the negative pole piece in the up-down direction and the head-tail direction, the negative pole piece completely coats the positive pole piece, and then the short circuit test is carried out on the winding core.
5) Assembling: and arranging the lower gasket between the bent negative electrode lug and the winding core, arranging the winding core in the steel shell, welding the negative electrode lug and the bottom of the steel shell, arranging the upper gasket at the positive electrode lug, then performing rolling groove on the neck part of the steel shell, and then performing screening of poor winding and coating through X-ray.
6) Liquid injection: and (4) placing the qualified X-ray winding core in a liquid injection machine for quantitatively injecting electrolyte.
7) Cap welding and sealing: and welding the positive tab of the battery core with the cap after liquid injection, sealing the battery cap after welding, and cleaning the sealed battery core.
8) Formation: activating the battery cell by charging with low current, wherein the formation step is as follows: (1) charging at 0.05 deg.C for 60 min; (2) charging at 0.1 deg.C for 60 min; (3) charging at 0.2C for 90 min; (4)0.5C discharge to 2.5V: (5) and charging at 0.5 deg.C for 150 min.
9) Aging: the battery after formation is placed for 2 days at the temperature of 45 ℃ and then is placed for 7 days at normal temperature.
10) Capacity grading: and carrying out capacity test after the aging is finished.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, the high-temperature storage data table of the wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery of the vehicle-mounted emergency call system of the present invention relates to temperatures of 25 ℃, 60 ℃, and 85 ℃, which indicates that the battery has good storage performance in a high-temperature state; the electrolyte in the lithium battery basically loses the conductive capability under the low-temperature state, the capacity of the battery is basically not attenuated, the low-temperature performance of the battery is generally evaluated mainly through low-temperature discharge and DICR under low temperature, and the storage test under low temperature cannot be carried out.
1. The battery is charged with 3.65V according to a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.5C and is stopped at a current of 0.01C, then the battery is discharged with a constant current of 0.5C to a capacity of 2.5V as an initial capacity, the battery is charged with a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.5C to 3.65V and is stopped at a current of 0.01C, the battery is placed in a constant temperature box after the voltage and the internal resistance of the battery are tested, and the wide-temperature battery is subjected to a storage experiment after being placed for 7 days in an environment of 85 ℃. After 7 days, the voltage retention rate of the battery is more than 93%, the internal resistance is increased by less than 2m omega, the capacity retention rate is more than 90%, and the capacity recovery rate is more than 91%.
2. The battery is charged with 3.65V according to a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.5C and is stopped at a current of 0.01C, then the battery is discharged with a constant current of 0.5C to a capacity of 2.5V as an initial capacity, the battery is charged with a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.5C to 3.65V and is stopped at a current of 0.01C, the battery is placed in a constant temperature box after the voltage and the internal resistance of the battery are tested, and the wide-temperature battery is stored for 30 days in an environment of 60 ℃. After 30 days, the voltage retention rate of the battery is more than 97%, the internal resistance is increased by less than 0.8m omega, the capacity retention rate is more than 92%, and the capacity recovery rate is more than 93%.
3. The battery is charged with 3.65V according to a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.5C and is stopped at a current of 0.01C, then the battery is discharged with a constant current of 0.5C to a capacity of 2.5V to serve as an initial capacity, the battery is charged with a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.5C to a capacity of 3.65V and is stopped at a current of 0.01C, the battery is placed in a constant temperature box after the voltage and the internal resistance of the battery are tested, and the battery is stored for 28 days in a wide-temperature environment at 25 ℃. After 28 days, the voltage retention rate of the battery is more than 97%, the internal resistance is increased by less than 0.8m omega, the capacity retention rate is more than 97, and the capacity recovery rate is more than 98.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a high-low temperature discharge curve diagram of a wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery of the vehicle-mounted emergency call system according to the present invention, the battery is charged at 3.65V according to a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.5C, the current is cut off at 0.01C, and then the battery is discharged at a constant current of 0.5C to a capacity of 2.5V as an initial capacity. The battery is placed in a constant temperature box after being charged to 3.65V at a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.5C and cut off current of 0.01C and the voltage and internal resistance of the battery are tested, 2C discharge is carried out on the wide-temperature battery at different environmental temperatures, the discharge is carried out to 2.5V at the temperature of more than 0 ℃, the discharge is carried out to 1.8V at the temperature of less than 0 ℃, and the discharge efficiencies are respectively higher than 70 percent SOC at the temperature of minus 30 ℃, 20 ℃,0 ℃, 25 ℃, 70 ℃ and 85 ℃ at different temperatures.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a rate charging trend diagram of a wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery of the vehicle-mounted emergency call system according to the present invention, the battery is charged at 3.65V according to a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.5C, the current is cut off at 0.01C, and then the battery is discharged at a constant current of 0.5C to a capacity of 2.5V as an initial capacity. And then charging to 3.65V at constant current and constant voltage of 1C, 2C and 3C respectively, stopping current at 0.01C, still performing constant current discharge by adopting 0.5C current during discharge, and collecting constant current capacity and constant current and constant voltage charge capacity during charge at different multiplying powers to calculate the constant current ratio. The calculation method comprises the following steps: constant current charging capacity at different multiplying power/constant current and constant voltage charging capacity 100% at different multiplying power is constant current ratio. The 3C constant current ratio of the invention is more than 90%, and 3C quick charging is supported.
As shown in fig. 5, which is a rate discharge trend diagram of a wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery of the vehicle-mounted emergency call system according to the present invention, the battery is charged at 3.65V according to a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.5C, the current is cut off at 0.01C, and then the battery is discharged at a constant current of 0.2C to a capacity of 2.5V as an initial capacity. And then constant current discharging is carried out at the rate of 0.5C, 1C, 2C, 3C, 5C, 8C and 10C respectively, and the charging is carried out in a charging mode that the constant current and the constant voltage of 0.5C are charged to 3.65V and the cutoff current is 0.01C. And (5) comparing and calculating the discharge efficiency under different multiplying powers. The calculation method comprises the following steps: discharge capacity/initial capacity 100% at different rates is discharge efficiency. The 10C discharge efficiency of the invention is more than 90%, and the 10C fast discharge is supported.
As shown in fig. 6, which is a high temperature cycle trend diagram of the wide temperature lithium iron phosphate battery of the vehicle-mounted emergency call system of the present invention, the battery is placed in an oven at 85 ℃ and under a normal temperature environment for a full life cycle test, and a cycle mode of charging to 3.65V with a constant current and a constant voltage of 1C, stopping the current of 0.01C, and discharging to 2.5V with a constant current of 1C is used for cycle. The average of the previous 5-week discharge capacities was used as the initial capacity, and the cycle capacity retention rate was calculated in the following manner: discharge capacity/initial capacity 100% per cycle-capacity retention. The cycle period can reach more than 80 percent in 500 weeks under the environment of 85 ℃.
By adopting the wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for the vehicle-mounted emergency call system and the manufacturing method thereof, which are described by combining the drawings, the normal use of the lithium battery between-30 ℃ and 85 ℃ can be realized, the 3C constant-current charging capacity is more than or equal to 90% at normal temperature, and the 3C constant-current discharging capacity is more than or equal to 90%. Has good wide temperature range and can be used in high and low temperature environments. Simultaneously, the quick charging and quick discharging of the battery are met, and the problems in the prior art are solved. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but rather, variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a wide temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for on-vehicle emergency call system which characterized in that: the lithium iron phosphate battery is used in a vehicle-mounted emergency call system which is powered by a vehicle power supply, the lithium iron phosphate battery is used as an auxiliary standby power supply to be connected with a vehicle-mounted emergency call system, after an accident happens to a vehicle, the power supply of the vehicle is cut off and fails, the lithium iron phosphate battery can be used as an emergency power supply to maintain the normal operation of the vehicle-mounted emergency call system, the lithium battery comprises a positive plate (1), a negative plate (2), a diaphragm (3), electrolyte (4), a shell and auxiliary materials, the positive plate (1) comprises a positive active material lithium iron phosphate, a positive conductive agent, a positive binder and an aluminum current collector, the negative plate (2) comprises negative graphite, a negative conductive agent, a negative dispersing agent, a negative binder and a copper current collector, and the electrolyte (4) comprises a solvent, an electrolyte and an additive.
2. The wide temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for use in an on-board emergency call system of claim 1, wherein: the vehicle-mounted emergency call system is internally provided with a controller, the lithium iron phosphate battery is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with a GSM module through a converter, an MCU module, a GPS module and an audio module, when a vehicle has an accident, the accident site of the vehicle is locked through a GPS module wireless signal, meanwhile, vehicle information is processed by the MCU module and then directly transmitted to an emergency center through the GSM module for preparation before rescue, meanwhile, the system starts remote service, the audio module is utilized to talk with on-vehicle personnel in a manual wiring mode, the condition of the personnel and the vehicle is known, whether alarm rescue is carried out or not is confirmed by the on-vehicle personnel, if the on-vehicle personnel answer no one, the default on-vehicle personnel is in a coma or death, and the emergency center can go to the rescue.
3. The wide temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for use in an on-board emergency call system of claim 1, wherein: in the positive plate (1), the active material lithium iron phosphate accounts for 95-97%, the positive conductive agent accounts for 1-2%, and the positive binder accounts for 2-3%; the ratio of the graphite component in the negative plate (2) is 93-96%, the ratio of the negative conductive agent component is 1-2%, the ratio of the negative dispersing agent component is 1-2%, and the ratio of the negative binder component is 2-3%.
4. The wide temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for use in an on-board emergency call system of claim 1, wherein: the electrolyte (4) is prepared from DMC, EMC and EC as solvents, VC, FEC and DTD as additives, the mass ratio of the DMC to the EMC to the EC is 20:30:50, the mass fraction of the electrolyte in the electrolyte is 10% -15%, and the concentration of the electrolyte in the electrolyte is 1.1-1.3 mol/L.
5. The wide temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for use in an on-board emergency call system of claim 1, wherein: the positive conductive agent is one or more of superconducting carbon black, flaky conductive graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nano tube and vapor grown fiber; the negative electrode conductive agent is one or more of superconducting carbon black, conductive graphite, carbon fiber or carbon nano tube.
6. The wide temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for use in an on-board emergency call system of claim 1, wherein: the positive binder is polyvinylidene fluoride; the aluminum current collector is an aluminum foil with the thickness of 12-16 mu m, and the negative dispersing agent is battery-grade sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the negative electrode binder is one of styrene butadiene rubber, acrylic acid or carboxylic ester; the copper current collector is a copper foil with the thickness of 6-12 mu m.
7. The wide temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for use in an on-board emergency call system of claim 1, wherein: the diaphragm (3) is a wet-process PE diaphragm or a dry-process PP diaphragm, the thickness is 16-29 mu m, the diaphragm porosity is 40% -46%, and the air permeability is 200-400 s/100 mL;
the shell comprises a steel shell (5) and a cover cap (6), the steel shell (5) is made of imported cold-rolled steel SPCC through integral stretching forming, and the whole steel shell (5) is the negative end of the battery; the cap (6) is a battery safety device, the cap (6) is a combined cap, and the cap (6) is provided with a current breaking device and a pressure relief device; the steel shell (5) and the cap (6) are combined for sealing, and meanwhile, the battery is sealed.
8. The wide temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for use in an on-board emergency call system of claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary material comprises an upper gasket (7), a lower gasket (8), an anode tab (9) and a cathode tab (10), wherein the upper gasket (7) is of a circular porous type, the lower gasket (8) is of a circular ring type, the upper gasket (7) is arranged on the inner sides of the anode tab and the winding core, the lower gasket (8) is arranged on the inner sides of the cathode tab and the winding core, and a central hole of the lower gasket is superposed with a central hole of the winding core; the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug extend towards two sides of the positive plate and the negative plate, the positive electrode lug is an aluminum strip with the width of 3.0-4.0 mm and the thickness of 0.08-0.15 mm, and is welded with the positive plate (1), and the negative electrode lug is a nickel strip or a copper-nickel composite strip or a nickel-copper-nickel composite strip with the width of 3.0-4.0 mm and the thickness of 0.08-0.15 mm, and is welded with the negative plate (2).
9. A method for manufacturing a wide temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for use in an on-board emergency call system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a positive plate (1), dissolving a positive material in a solvent, uniformly stirring at a high speed to prepare slurry, uniformly coating the slurry on an aluminum foil by using coating equipment, baking a coated wet film at a high temperature, drying, rolling to prepare a pole piece, and cutting the pole piece in a fixed width;
step two: preparing a negative plate (2), dissolving a negative material in a solvent, uniformly stirring at a high speed to prepare slurry, uniformly coating the slurry on copper foil by using coating equipment, baking a coated wet film at a high temperature, drying, rolling to prepare a pole piece, and slitting the pole piece;
step three: baking the pole piece, namely putting the cut positive and negative pole pieces into a vacuum oven for baking, and testing the moisture of the pole piece after baking for a period of time;
step four: winding, wherein the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are subjected to ultrasonic welding of the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab before winding, the positive electrode sheet, the diaphragm, the negative electrode sheet and the diaphragm are wound into a cylindrical winding core in the up-down sequence, the winding core requires that the diaphragm completely covers the negative electrode sheet in the up-down direction and the head-tail direction, the negative electrode sheet completely covers the positive electrode sheet, and then the winding core is subjected to short circuit test;
step five: assembling, namely placing a lower gasket between the bent negative electrode lug and the winding core, placing the winding core in a steel shell, welding the negative electrode lug and the bottom of the steel shell, placing an upper gasket at the positive electrode lug, then performing rolling groove on the neck part of the steel shell, and then performing screening of poor winding and coating through X-ray;
step six: filling liquid, namely placing the qualified winding core of the X-ray in the fifth step into a liquid filling machine for quantitatively filling electrolyte;
step seven: welding and sealing a cap, welding the positive lug of the battery cell with the cap after liquid injection, sealing and sealing the cap of the battery after welding, and cleaning the sealed battery cell;
step eight: formation, namely activating the battery cell in the step seven by charging with low current;
step nine: aging, namely, carrying out shelf aging on the battery after formation;
step ten: and (4) grading, and carrying out capacity test after aging is finished.
10. The method for manufacturing a wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate battery for a vehicle-mounted emergency call system according to claim 9, wherein the step eight-step formation specifically comprises the following steps: (1) charging at 0.05 deg.C for 60 min; (2) charging at 0.1 deg.C for 60 min; (3) charging at 0.2C for 90 min; (4)0.5C discharge to 2.5V: (5) and charging at 0.5 deg.C for 150 min.
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Application publication date: 20220107 |