CN113899440A - Distributed sound-sensitive optical fiber sensor and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Distributed sound-sensitive optical fiber sensor and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113899440A CN113899440A CN202111037628.5A CN202111037628A CN113899440A CN 113899440 A CN113899440 A CN 113899440A CN 202111037628 A CN202111037628 A CN 202111037628A CN 113899440 A CN113899440 A CN 113899440A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
- G02B6/4459—Ducts; Conduits; Hollow tubes for air blown fibres
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a distributed sound-sensitive optical fiber sensor and a manufacturing method thereof. The optical fiber is formed by high-purity quartz through high-temperature melting and drawing, has strong air or water pressure resistance, is protected by a hollow protective sleeve instead of a loose sleeve of a conventional communication optical cable, greatly improves the air or water pressure resistance of the distributed sound sensitive optical fiber sensor, directly contacts various media such as air or water and directly transmits sound or vibration transmitted by the air or water to the optical fiber, thereby improving the coupling efficiency between the sound or vibration and the optical fiber, and particularly has great significance for deep-sea long-distance large-range sound detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a distributed sound sensitive optical fiber sensor and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the field of optical fiber early warning by utilizing sound or vibration signal acquisition.
Background
The sound is an important physical quantity, and by monitoring the sound or vibration signals, abnormal events can be found in time and safety early warning is provided. According to the international telecommunication union and national standards, when producing optical cables, a plurality of layers of materials with different materials are needed to protect the optical fibers from various external interferences. When the communication optical cable is used for collecting sound signals in a distributed mode, sound or vibration signals can reach the optical fiber only after passing through the outer sheath of the optical cable, the plastic-coated corrugated steel belt and/or aluminum belt longitudinal cladding, the non-woven fabric wrapping belt, cable paste, the loose tube and the fiber paste, and air possibly exists among the layers, so that the sound or vibration signals are blocked by multiple layers of materials, and the signal intensity is greatly lost. More importantly, because the traditional communication optical cable adopts PPT or PE loose tubes to protect the optical fibers, the optical cable has larger pressure resistance limitation, and the optical cable is less sensitive to sound and vibration due to the fact that more protective layers are added to improve the pressure resistance. Therefore, on the premise of not influencing the high sensitivity of the optical fiber sensor to sound, the pressure resistance of the distributed optical fiber sound sensor is improved so as to adapt to the high-sensitivity sound collection of a pressure environment (such as deep sea), which is a difficult problem.
At present, advanced countries in the world are all researching on reinforced distributed optical fiber sensors, and in order to improve the sensitivity of distributed optical fibers to sound or vibration, people wind the optical fibers on cable cores of spiral skeleton groove structures. In this way, although the sensitivity to sound or vibration is improved and the positioning accuracy is improved, the monitoring distance of the system is sacrificed, the use of a long distance is influenced, and the cost performance of the system is reduced; the pressure resistance of the optical cable is improved by adopting a stainless steel tube to replace an optical fiber loose tube made of a high polymer material, but the sensitivity of the optical cable to sound or vibration is reduced, and the cost of the optical cable is greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a distributed sound-sensitive optical fiber sensor and a manufacturing method thereof, aiming at solving the defects that an optical cable produced by the prior art is insensitive to sound and vibration, short in detection distance and high in cost.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a distributed sound-sensitive optical fiber sensor is characterized by comprising a hollow metal or nonmetal protective sleeve and a metal or nonmetal sheet arranged in the protective sleeve, wherein optical fibers are laid on the sheet.
Preferably, the optical fiber is a tightly-packed optical fiber which is formed by high-temperature melt drawing of quartz with the purity of more than 99.99% and is provided with a water-blocking and corrosion-preventing functional coating, the diameter of the coated optical fiber is more than or equal to 150 mu m, and the coated optical fiber is not provided with a loose sleeve.
Preferably, the metal is stainless steel, or the nonmetal is PE or epoxy.
Preferably, the width of the thin sheet is 2.5-3.5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the protective sleeve.
Preferably, the length of the metal or nonmetal sheets is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of sheets with fixed length or indefinite length end to end.
Preferably, every 80-120 mm of the midline position of the sheet is provided with a buckle, a groove or a hole for fixing the optical fiber.
Preferably, the optical fiber is 1-5% longer than the sheet.
Preferably, the protective sleeve has an opening in the axial direction.
The manufacturing method of the distributed sound-sensitive optical fiber sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
manufacturing the sheet, and manufacturing a buckle, a groove or a hole for fixing the optical fiber at the position of the center line of the sheet every 80-120 mm;
laying and sticking the optical fibers on the sheet, wherein the optical fibers are 1-5 per thousand longer than the sheet, so that the optical fibers are in a self-loosening state;
regular or irregular hollowed holes are processed on the surface of the protective sleeve;
and implanting the thin sheet with the laid optical fiber into the protective sleeve.
Preferably, a protective sleeve with an opening in the axial direction is adopted, the sheet with the optical fiber is placed into the protective sleeve from the opening, and then the opening is welded; or a hollow sleeve without an axial opening is adopted, and the thin sheet is implanted into the protective sleeve by traction.
The invention is used for collecting sound signals in air, underwater and in various storage and transportation pipeline devices, and provides a distributed optical fiber sensor structure for protecting optical fibers by using a hollow protective sleeve by utilizing the characteristics of high self pressure resistance strength and high sensitivity to sound or vibration of quartz optical fibers. The obstruction and the loss of the traditional optical cable structure to sound or vibration signals are avoided; the metal or nonmetal thin sheet penetrating through the hollow protective sleeve can capture and amplify sound or vibration signals transmitted by media such as air or water (the vibration of the thin sheet can amplify the vibration of the optical fiber on the thin sheet) and transmit the sound or vibration signals to the optical fiber laid on the thin sheet, so that the sound or vibration signals are received by the optical fiber to the maximum extent, and the energy loss caused by the fact that the sound or vibration signals pass through too many optical fiber protective layers is reduced. Compared with the optical cable of the traditional standard and process, the optical fiber sensor has the advantages that the sensitivity of the optical fiber sensor to sound or vibration is greatly improved, meanwhile, the production process is simplified, a large amount of raw materials are saved, and therefore the production cost is greatly reduced; because the protective sleeve and the sheet can be reserved, the optical fiber only needs to be replaced repeatedly, and the use cost is greatly reduced.
The invention is used for collecting sound signals in air, underwater and in various storage and transportation pipeline devices, is also suitable for the production of communication optical cables used in high-pressure environments, and is also suitable for distributed optical fiber temperature sensors which need to quickly respond to temperature changes.
The optical fiber is formed by high-purity quartz through high-temperature melting and drawing, has strong air or water pressure resistance, and is protected by the hollow protective sleeve instead of the loose sleeve of the conventional communication optical cable, so that the distributed sound sensitive optical fiber sensor greatly improves the air or water pressure resistance, and has great significance for large-range sound detection in deep sea at long distance.
The structure of the distributed sound sensitive optical fiber sensor can adopt cheap conventional optical fibers to replace expensive optical fibers with special coatings in projects which do not need long-term monitoring; especially in the case of periodically repeated measurement, the cost of the distributed optical fiber sensor can be greatly reduced by reusing the protective sleeve and the sheet by replacing the optical fiber.
Determining the materials of the hollow sleeve and the bearing optical fiber sheet according to different use environments: adopting a non-metallic anti-corrosion material in a corrosive environment; metal materials are adopted when large external force needs to be borne; the wall thickness of the protective sleeve can be increased if necessary. The sensitivity of the system can be reduced by reducing the length of the optical fiber ratio slice, and the sensitivity of the system can be increased by increasing the length of the optical fiber ratio slice.
The invention provides a distributed optical fiber sensor which is highly sensitive to sound and has incomparable high pressure resistance compared with the traditional communication optical cable, and has great significance for leakage monitoring of a pressure pipeline, particularly for detection of deep-sea long-distance large-range sound (such as a submarine).
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed sound-sensitive optical fiber sensor in embodiment 1,
FIG. 2 is a schematic transverse sectional view of example 1.
The reference numbers in the figure are as follows:
1-protective sleeve, 2-sheet, 3-optical fiber and 4-fastener.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A distributed sound-sensitive optical fiber sensor structure of this embodiment is shown in fig. 1 and 2, wherein the middle part of fig. 1 is a schematic internal cross-sectional view, and includes a hollow metal or non-metal protective sleeve 1, a metal or non-metal sheet 2 disposed in the protective sleeve 1, and an optical fiber 3 disposed on the sheet 2. The optical fiber 3 is formed by high-purity quartz through high-temperature melting and drawing, and has strong air or water pressure resistance. The embodiment is applied to the high-pressure environment such as deep sea and pressure pipelines, the optical fiber 3 is protected from being damaged by external force by adopting the stainless steel sleeve and the sheet, the optical fiber 3 is directly contacted with other media such as water, and the sound or vibration transmitted through the water can be directly transmitted to the optical fiber 3, so that the coupling efficiency between the sound or vibration and the optical fiber 3 is improved.
The metal sheet penetrating through the hollow protective sleeve 1 can capture and amplify sound or vibration signals transmitted by air or water and other media, and transmit the sound or vibration signals to the optical fibers 3 laid on the sheet 2, so that energy loss caused by too many optical fiber protective layers passing through the sound or vibration signals is reduced;
the optical fiber 3 is a tightly-packed optical fiber with a water-blocking and corrosion-preventing functional coating, the diameter of the coated optical fiber is 160-170 mu m, and a loose sleeve is not arranged.
Manufacturing a metal sheet penetrating through the protective sleeve 2, wherein the width of the metal sheet is about 3mm smaller than the inner diameter of the protective sleeve, so that the sheet is in a free and unfixed state in the protective sleeve; the metal sheet is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of fixed-length sheets end to end.
And manufacturing buckles 4 for fixing the optical fibers at the middle line position of the metal sheet every 100 mm.
And laying and sticking the optical fiber 3 on the metal sheet, wherein the optical fiber 3 is 1-5 per mill longer than the sheet 2, so that the optical fiber 3 is in a free and loose state. On the basis, the length of the optical fiber 3 to the sheet 2 is reduced, the sensitivity of the system can be reduced, and the length of the optical fiber 3 to the sheet 2 is increased, so that the sensitivity of the system can be increased.
The metal foil 2 with the optical fiber 3 laid therein is implanted into the protective sleeve 1. The protective sleeve 1 is processed into regular hollow holes, so that the optical fibers 3 are ensured to be contacted with air and water to the maximum extent and to be stable in a pressed state. The method comprises the steps of adopting a protective sleeve 1 with an axial opening, placing a sheet 2 with an optical fiber 3 into the protective sleeve 1 from the opening, and then welding the opening.
The optical fibers 3 on the sheet 2 can be replaced, and the sheet 2 and the hollow protective sleeve 1 can be reused.
The distributed sound sensitive optical fiber sensor adopted by the embodiment uses the hollow protective sleeve instead of the conventional loose sleeve of the communication optical cable to protect the optical fiber, so that the air or water pressure resistance is greatly improved, and the distributed sound sensitive optical fiber sensor has great significance for deep sea long-distance large-range sound detection.
Example 2
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 2 is that the protective sleeve 1 and the sheet 2 are used in a corrosive environment, so that the protective sleeve 1 and the sheet 2 are made of epoxy resin which is a non-metallic anticorrosive material; and the sheet is implanted into the hollow protective sleeve 1 by adopting the hollow protective sleeve 1 without an axial opening and using a traction method.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. A distributed sound-sensitive optical fiber sensor is characterized by comprising a hollow metal or nonmetal protective sleeve and a metal or nonmetal sheet arranged in the protective sleeve, wherein optical fibers are laid on the sheet.
2. The optical fiber sensor according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber is a tightly-packed optical fiber which is formed by high-temperature fusion drawing of quartz with purity of more than 99.99% and has a water-blocking and corrosion-preventing coating, and the diameter of the coated optical fiber is not less than 150um without a loose sleeve.
3. The fiber sensor of claim 1, wherein the metal is stainless steel or the non-metal is PE or epoxy.
4. The optical fiber sensor according to claim 1, wherein the width of the thin sheet is 2.5 to 3.5mm smaller than the inner diameter of the protective sleeve.
5. The fiber optic sensor of claim 1, wherein the length of the metallic or non-metallic sheet is formed by joining a plurality of lengths of sheet, either fixed or non-fixed, end-to-end.
6. The optical fiber sensor according to claim 1, wherein a snap, a groove or a hole for fixing the optical fiber is provided every 80-120 mm at the midline position of the sheet.
7. The optical fiber sensor according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber is 1 to 5% longer than the sheet.
8. The fiber optic sensor of claim 1, wherein the protective sleeve is axially open.
9. A method of manufacturing a distributed acoustically-sensitive fibre optic sensor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, including the steps of:
manufacturing the sheet, and manufacturing a buckle, a groove or a hole for fixing the optical fiber at the position of the center line of the sheet every 80-120 mm;
laying and sticking the optical fibers on the sheet, wherein the optical fibers are 1-5 per thousand longer than the sheet, so that the optical fibers are in a free and loose state;
regular or irregular hollowed holes are processed on the surface of the protective sleeve;
and implanting the thin sheet with the laid optical fiber into the protective sleeve.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of determining the target position is performed by a computer
Adopting a protective sleeve with an opening in the axial direction, placing the sheet with the optical fiber into the protective sleeve from the opening, and then welding the opening; or a hollow sleeve without an axial opening is adopted, and the thin sheet is implanted into the protective sleeve by traction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111037628.5A CN113899440A (en) | 2021-09-06 | 2021-09-06 | Distributed sound-sensitive optical fiber sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111037628.5A CN113899440A (en) | 2021-09-06 | 2021-09-06 | Distributed sound-sensitive optical fiber sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113899440A true CN113899440A (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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| CN202111037628.5A Pending CN113899440A (en) | 2021-09-06 | 2021-09-06 | Distributed sound-sensitive optical fiber sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102346078A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2012-02-08 | 苏州南智传感科技有限公司 | Metal baseband-shaped distributed optical fiber sensor |
| CN106405771A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-02-15 | 华南理工大学 | High-sensitivity metal baseband armored vibration sensing optical cable |
| CN108151865A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-12 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of bamboo joint type fiber laser hydrophone encapsulating structure and its assembly method |
| CN111337117A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-26 | 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室发展中心 | Optical fiber laser hydrophone |
| CN112113653A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-12-22 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Folded beam type optical fiber laser hydrophone |
| CN214066388U (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-08-27 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Sensing optical unit and cable |
-
2021
- 2021-09-06 CN CN202111037628.5A patent/CN113899440A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102346078A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2012-02-08 | 苏州南智传感科技有限公司 | Metal baseband-shaped distributed optical fiber sensor |
| CN106405771A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-02-15 | 华南理工大学 | High-sensitivity metal baseband armored vibration sensing optical cable |
| CN108151865A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-12 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of bamboo joint type fiber laser hydrophone encapsulating structure and its assembly method |
| CN111337117A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-26 | 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室发展中心 | Optical fiber laser hydrophone |
| CN112113653A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-12-22 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Folded beam type optical fiber laser hydrophone |
| CN214066388U (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-08-27 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Sensing optical unit and cable |
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