CN113899300B - High-sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor and intelligent device - Google Patents
High-sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor and intelligent device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113899300B CN113899300B CN202010641981.3A CN202010641981A CN113899300B CN 113899300 B CN113899300 B CN 113899300B CN 202010641981 A CN202010641981 A CN 202010641981A CN 113899300 B CN113899300 B CN 113899300B
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- strain sensor
- liquid metal
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- elastic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention provides a high-sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor, which comprises a strain sensor elastic body, an embedded body and liquid metal, wherein the embedded body is used for enabling the liquid metal strain sensor to form stress concentration, the liquid metal is wound on the embedded body to form a strain sensor sensing body, the strain sensor sensing body is embedded into the strain sensor elastic body, and the elastic modulus of the embedded body is larger than that of the strain sensor elastic body. The invention also provides an intelligent device. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the embedded body is adopted to lead the liquid metal strain sensor to form stress concentration, thereby producing the effect of extruding the liquid metal and reducing the cross section of the liquid metal, thereby being capable of improving the change of the resistance and the sensitivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sensor, in particular to a high-sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor and an intelligent device.
Background
At present, liquid metal strain sensors all adopt an injection method to inject liquid metal into a channel with a round or square cross section, the channel length increases and the cross section decreases when the sensor is under tensile stress, according to the resistance formula(R: resistance, ρ: resistivity of material, l: length, s: cross-sectional area) the increase in resistance was found, and the strain level was perceived by the change in resistance. The relation between the resistance and the strain of the traditional straight-channel liquid metal flexible strain sensor accords with the formula: r=r 0 (1+ξ) 2 ，R 0 Initial resistance, ζ: the sensor is strained.
Strain sensitivity Factor (Gauge Factor) of strain sensor:let the liquid metal resistance formula r=r 0 (1+ξ) 2 Substituting the theoretical value of the strain sensitivity factor GF=ζ+2 of the liquid metal strain sensor. But have been reported at presentThe average GF of the liquid metal strain sensor at 100% strain is about 0.5-3, and the low sensitivity makes the liquid metal strain sensor unable to detect small strain and puts higher requirements on signal extraction equipment, which greatly limits the application of the liquid metal strain sensor in the fields of wearable physiological signal detection and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor and an intelligent device.
The invention provides a high-sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor, which comprises a strain sensor elastic body, an embedded body and liquid metal, wherein the embedded body is used for enabling the liquid metal strain sensor to form stress concentration, the liquid metal is wound on the embedded body to form a strain sensor sensing body, the strain sensor sensing body is embedded into the strain sensor elastic body, and the elastic modulus of the embedded body is larger than that of the strain sensor elastic body.
As a further improvement of the invention, two ends of the liquid metal are respectively connected with a wire, one end of the wire is connected with the liquid metal, and the other end of the wire extends out of the elastic body of the strain sensor.
As a further improvement of the invention, the two ends of the elastic body of the strain sensor are connected with the strain elastic patches of the sensor which play a role in strain redistribution in a fitting way.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the elastic body of the strain sensor is a strip-shaped object, which is divided into a middle region and end regions at both ends along the length direction thereof, the embedded body is located at the middle region of the elastic body of the strain sensor, and the elastic patch of the strain sensor is located at the end regions of the elastic body of the strain sensor.
As a further improvement of the invention, the elastic modulus of the sensor strain elastic patch is greater than the elastic modulus of the strain sensor elastic body.
As a further improvement of the invention, the modulus of elasticity of the sensor strained elastic patch is equal to the modulus of elasticity of the insert.
As a further improvement of the invention, the strain sensor elastic patch is attached to the strain sensor elastic body and reacts with the strain sensor elastic body in a crosslinking way.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the embedded body is a long strip-shaped object, and the length direction of the embedded body is perpendicular to the length direction of the elastic body of the strain sensor.
As a further development of the invention, the length of the central region of the strain sensor elastic body is smaller than the length of the end regions of the strain sensor elastic body.
As a further improvement of the invention, the elastic modulus of the elastic body of the strain sensor is 1.05X10 4 Pa to 9.85×10 4 Pa, the elastic modulus of the embedded body is 1.15X10 6 Pa to 6.35×10 6 Pa.
The invention also provides an intelligent device comprising the high-sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the smart device may be applied to a smart robot, a medical instrument, a wearable smart device, or the like.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: through the scheme, the embedded body is adopted to enable the liquid metal strain sensor to form stress concentration, so that the effect of extruding the liquid metal is generated, the cross section of the liquid metal is reduced, and therefore the change of the resistance and the sensitivity of the liquid metal can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a high sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan perspective view of a high sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the ΔR/R of a high sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor according to the present invention 0 -stress graph.
FIG. 4 shows a conventional liquid metal straight channel strain sensorΔR/R 0 -stress graph.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following description of the drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a high-sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor, which comprises a strain sensor elastic body 1, an embedded body 2 for forming stress concentration of the liquid metal strain sensor, and a linear liquid metal 3 in fluidity, wherein the liquid metal 3 is wound on the embedded body 2 to form a strain sensor sensing body, the strain sensor sensing body is embedded in the strain sensor elastic body 1, the elastic modulus of the embedded body 2 is greater than the elastic modulus of the strain sensor elastic body 1, when the sensor is stressed to extend along the axial direction, the strain sensor elastic body 1 transversely contracts, the embedded body 2 is not obviously deformed due to the greater elastic modulus, and the strain sensor elastic body 1 at the position where the embedded body is located can be prevented from further transversely contracting, so that the effect of extruding a liquid metal channel is generated, the channel cross section is reduced, the change of the resistance of the channel can be improved, and the sensitivity is improved.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, two ends of the liquid metal 3 are respectively connected with a wire 5, one end of the wire 5 is connected with the liquid metal, and the other end extends out of the elastic body 1 of the strain sensor for conducting connection with the outside, and the wire 5 is a copper wire.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, in order to further improve the sensitivity, a sensor strain elastic patch 4 is designed, and the two ends of the strain sensor elastic body 1 are connected with the sensor strain elastic patch 4 which plays a role of strain redistribution in a fitting way.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the elastic body 1 of the strain sensor is a strip-shaped object, which is divided into a middle region and end regions at both ends along the length direction thereof, the insert 2 is positioned at the middle region of the elastic body 1 of the strain sensor, and the elastic patch 4 of the sensor is positioned at the end regions of the elastic body 1 of the strain sensor.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the elastic modulus of the sensor strain elastic patch 4 is greater than the elastic modulus of the strain sensor elastic body 1.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the elastic modulus of the sensor strain elastic patch 4 is equal to the elastic modulus of the insert 2.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the sensor elastic patch 4 is attached to the strain sensor elastic body 1 and performs a crosslinking reaction with the strain sensor elastic body 1.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the embedded body 2 is a long strip-shaped object, and the length direction of the embedded body 2 is perpendicular to the length direction of the elastic body 1 of the strain sensor.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the length b of the middle region of the strain sensor elastic body 1 is smaller than the length a of the end regions of the strain sensor elastic body.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the elastic modulus of the elastic body 1 of the strain sensor is 1.05x10 4 Pa to 9.85×10 4 Between Pa, preferably 1.05X10 4 Pa、3.50×10 4 Pa、7.15×10 4 Pa、9.85×10 4 Pa, the elastic modulus of the insert 2 is 1.15X10 6 Up to 6.35×10 6 Between Pa, preferably 1.15X10 6 Pa、3.95×10 6 Pa、5.25×10 6 Pa、6.35×10 6 Pa, the sensor strain elastic patch 4 and the embedded body 2 are made of the same material, and the strain sensor elastic main body 1, the embedded body 2 and the sensor strain elastic patch 4 are made of silica gel.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the strain elastic patch 4 of the sensor may be made of a silica gel with a relatively high elastic modulus, for example, E635 silica gel, the elastic body 1 of the strain sensor may be made of a rectangular parallelepiped, the poisson ratio of which is about 0.45, and the insert 2 may be made of a rectangular parallelepiped.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, when the sensor is stretched by force, the end region of the elastic body of the strain sensor is only slightly strained by the restraining action of the strain elastic patch 4 of the sensor. Let the total length of the strain sensor be l 0 Length b is l b The sensor is stressed to elongation Deltal, andthe strain is concentrated in the central region of the elastic body l of the strain sensor, then the total strain epsilon of the sensor 1 Is delta l/l 0 Strain epsilon of the central region of the elastic body l of the strain sensor b Is delta l/l b Epsilon therefore b >ε l 。
On one hand, the structure improves the sensitivity of the liquid metal channel by the stress concentration extrusion of the embedded body 2; on the other hand, the elastic patch 4 restricts the strain of the end regions of the elastic body, so that the strain is concentrated in the middle region, and the sensitivity of the sensor is further improved.
The invention also provides an intelligent device comprising the high-sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor.
The smart device may be applied to smart robots, medical devices, wearable smart devices, etc.
The liquid metal strain sensor is a flexible strain sensor.
The core of the invention is that: by means of the structural design of the liquid metal strain sensor, the stress/strain redistribution mechanism of the liquid metal strain sensor is changed, and the strain sensitivity factor of the liquid metal strain sensor is improved, so that the capability of the liquid metal strain sensor for detecting smaller strain is improved.
According to the high-sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor provided by the invention, strain is mainly concentrated in the area where the embedded body 2 is located through a strain/stress redistribution mechanism, so that the capability of the embedded body 2 for extruding the cross section of the liquid metal 3 is improved, and the sensitivity of the sensor is greatly improved. The average GF at 100% strain of the sensor reached 110 (fig. 3), which is about a 50-fold improvement in sensitivity compared to a straight-through liquid metal strain sensor (fig. 4).
The invention relates to a method for redistributing stress/strain to improve sensitivity through strain sensor structural design based on liquid metal liquid-solid conversion characteristics. The high-sensitivity flexible strain sensor has wide application prospect in the fields of human body/robot motion detection, medical instrument angle sensing and the like.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A high sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor, characterized by: the strain sensor comprises a strain sensor elastic body, an embedded body and liquid metal, wherein the embedded body and the liquid metal enable a liquid metal strain sensor to form stress concentration, the liquid metal is wound on the embedded body to form a strain sensor sensing body, the strain sensor sensing body is embedded in the strain sensor elastic body, the elastic modulus of the embedded body is larger than that of the strain sensor elastic body, the two ends of the strain sensor elastic body are connected with sensor strain elastic patches which play a role in strain redistribution in a fit mode, the strain sensor elastic body is a strip-shaped object and is divided into a middle area and end areas at the two ends along the length direction of the strip-shaped object, the embedded body is located in the middle area of the strain sensor elastic body, the sensor strain elastic patches are located in the end areas of the strain sensor elastic body, the elastic modulus of the sensor strain elastic patches is larger than that of the strain sensor elastic body, the elastic modulus of the sensor strain elastic patches is equal to that of the embedded body, the embedded body is the strip-shaped object, and the length direction of the embedded body is perpendicular to the length direction of the strain sensor elastic body.
2. The high sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor of claim 1 wherein: the sensor strain elastic patch is attached to the strain sensor elastic body and generates a crosslinking reaction with the strain sensor elastic body.
3. The high sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor of claim 1 wherein: the length of the middle region of the strain sensor elastic body is smaller than the length of the end regions of the strain sensor elastic body.
4. The high sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor of claim 1 wherein: the elastic modulus of the elastic body of the strain sensor is 1.05X10 4 Pa to 9.85×10 4 Pa, the elastic modulus of the embedded body is 1.15X10 6 Pa to 6.35×10 6 Pa.
5. An intelligent device, characterized in that: a liquid metal strain sensor comprising a high sensitivity according to any of claims 1 to 4.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010641981.3A CN113899300B (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | High-sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor and intelligent device |
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| CN202010641981.3A CN113899300B (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | High-sensitivity liquid metal strain sensor and intelligent device |
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| CN113899300A CN113899300A (en) | 2022-01-07 |
| CN113899300B true CN113899300B (en) | 2023-08-01 |
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| US9228822B2 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2016-01-05 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Non-differential elastomer curvature sensor |
| CN105675174B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2018-08-03 | 重庆大学 | A kind of pure stress sensor based on liquid metal antenna and the transducer production method |
| CN105675179B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2018-08-03 | 重庆大学 | A kind of three-dimensional stress sensor with liquid metal antenna |
| US11156509B2 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2021-10-26 | Liquid Wire Inc. | Sensors with deformable conductors and selective deformation |
| GB2560355A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2018-09-12 | Rolls Royce Plc | Apparatus and methods for enabling determination of a shape of at least a portion of a continuum robot |
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