CN113893616A - Magnetic filter material and application thereof - Google Patents

Magnetic filter material and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113893616A
CN113893616A CN202111176611.8A CN202111176611A CN113893616A CN 113893616 A CN113893616 A CN 113893616A CN 202111176611 A CN202111176611 A CN 202111176611A CN 113893616 A CN113893616 A CN 113893616A
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China
Prior art keywords
layer
pps
dust
alnico
drying
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CN113893616B (en
Inventor
杨东
徐辉
周冠辰
童翠香
胡俊俊
严烁
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Anhui Yuanchen Environmental Protection Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Anhui Yuanchen Environmental Protection Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1692—Other shaped material, e.g. perforated or porous sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/16—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/018—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/12—Conjugate fibres, e.g. core/sheath or side-by-side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a magnetic filter material, which comprises a dust facing layer, a supporting layer and a dust back layer; the supporting layer is positioned between the dust facing layer and the dust backing layer; two sides of the supporting layer are respectively fixedly connected with the dust facing layer and the dust backing layer; the dust backing layer comprises AlNiCo/PPS fiber; the AlNiCo/PPS fiber is of a skin-core structure and comprises a skin layer and a core layer; the skin layer comprises AlNiCo and PPS resin; the core layer comprises PPS resin; the skin layer and the core layer are integrally connected. The invention has the beneficial effects that: adding AlNiCo into PPS resin; on one hand, the adsorption performance of the filter material on metal dust is enhanced, so that the metal dust in the flue gas is firstly adsorbed to form a conductive powder cake layer in the actual operation process, and dust explosion caused by static electricity can be effectively reduced through the formation of the conductive powder cake layer; on the other hand, the contact between the PPS and oxygen is reduced, and the oxidation resistance of the PPS is enhanced.

Description

Magnetic filter material and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional filter materials, in particular to a magnetic filter material and application thereof.
Background
After the industrial dust reaches a certain concentration (i.e. explosion limit), if factors such as electrostatic discharge sparks or external ignition are encountered, explosion and fire are easily caused, such as: the flour dust, the chemical dust, the coal dust and the like have the possibility of explosion when meeting electrostatic discharge; in the field of bag type dust removal, the dust needs to be collected by a cloth bag, and a filter material for manufacturing the dust removal cloth bag is required to have antistatic performance.
The existing conductive filter material generally adopts two modes, one mode is to adopt a base cloth supporting layer containing conductive yarns, and the other mode is to blend conductive fibers in a fiber layer; the first is that the base cloth is covered by two layers of fibers, and static electricity cannot be effectively guided; the second one is blended in the fiber, the proportion of the conductive fiber is small, the continuous conductive current can not be formed in the fiber, and the conductive fiber can be induced by a metal inductor in the manufacturing process to cause the automatic stop of the equipment.
In addition, since industrial dust has a certain amount of metal dust, dust filtration using the adsorption property of a magnetic substance has been carried out in the prior art; for example, a reference document with publication number CN 108071020B discloses a filter bag for filtering and recovering nonferrous metal dust and a preparation method thereof, the filter bag comprises 85-95 wt% of microporous composite filter material and 5-15 wt% of an adsorption layer loaded on the microporous composite filter material, the adsorption layer is a mixture obtained by blending magnetic nano iron oxide, polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion emulsion and dispersant emulsion and then curing, and the mixture is loaded on the microporous composite filter material by spraying or dipping; on one hand, the process belongs to post-treatment and adheres to the surface of a filter material, and magnetic particles are easy to fall off under the actions of blowing and flue gas scouring, so that the process is ineffective; on the other hand, the magnetic nano iron oxide can not interact with the microporous composite filter material to improve the oxidation resistance of the filter material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnetic filter material which has neither volatile effect nor oxidation resistance.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means:
a magnetic filter material comprises a dust facing layer, a supporting layer and a dust backing layer; the supporting layer is positioned between the dust facing layer and the dust backing layer; two sides of the supporting layer are respectively fixedly connected with the dust facing layer and the dust backing layer; the dust backing layer comprises AlNiCo/PPS fiber; the AlNiCo/PPS fiber is of a skin-core structure and comprises a skin layer and a core layer; the skin layer comprises AlNiCo and PPS resin; the core layer comprises PPS resin; the skin layer and the core layer are integrally connected.
Has the advantages that: adding AlNiCo into PPS resin; on one hand, the adsorption performance of the filter material on metal dust is enhanced, so that the metal dust in the flue gas is firstly adsorbed to form a conductive powder cake layer in the actual operation process, and dust explosion caused by static electricity can be effectively reduced through the formation of the conductive powder cake layer; on the other hand, the contact between the PPS and oxygen is reduced, and the oxidation resistance of the PPS is enhanced; the AlNiCo and PPS resin (skin layer) and the PPS resin (core layer) are integrally connected through a skin-core structure; on one hand, the AlNiCo is not easy to fall off under the actions of blowing and flue gas scouring, so that the magnetic filter material cannot lose efficacy in the using process, and the service life of the magnetic filter material is further effectively prolonged; on the other hand, the cortex introduces an AlNiCo material, and the core layer is supported by PPS, so that the problem of low strength of the modified fiber in the prior art can be effectively avoided.
Preferably, the dust facing layer comprises PPS fibers and PTFE fibers, and the PPS fibers and the PTFE fibers are mutually interwoven and fixed to form the dust facing layer; the supporting layer is made of PTFE base cloth; the dust backing layer further comprises PTFE fibers, and the AlNiCo/PPS fibers and the PTFE fibers are mutually interwoven and fixed to form the dust backing layer.
Preferably, the preparation method of the double-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber comprises the following steps:
s1 cortex: mixing AlNiCo with PPS resin according to the proportion of 1-3: 7-9, mixing, drying, melt extruding, filtering, measuring a melt, and then feeding into a composite spinning manifold;
s2 core layer: drying, melt extrusion, filtration and melt metering of PPS resin, and then feeding the PPS resin into a composite spinning manifold;
s3 in the spinning assembly, the AlNiCo/PPS mixed resin and the PPS resin are converged at the inlet of a spinneret orifice through respective flow passages and extruded together; forming a bicomponent composite AlNiCo/PPS filament with a clear interface; then stretching and shaping; drying and shaping to form the double-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber.
Has the advantages that: the method comprises the steps of mixing and melting AlNiCo and PPS resin (a skin layer) and integrally extruding the PPS resin (a core layer) according to a skin-core structure; on one hand, the AlNiCo is not easy to fall off under the actions of blowing and flue gas scouring, so that the magnetic filter material cannot lose efficacy in the using process, and the service life of the magnetic filter material is further effectively prolonged; on the other hand, the cortex introduces an AlNiCo material, and the core layer is supported by PPS, so that the problem of low strength of the modified fiber in the prior art can be effectively avoided.
Preferably, the specific process parameters in step S1 are: the drying temperature is 200 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature for melt extrusion: 280 ℃, 315 ℃, 325 ℃, 330 ℃ and 335 ℃; main and pre-screening pressure of the filter: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa.
Preferably, the specific process parameters in step S2 are: the drying temperature of the slices is 205 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature: 290 ℃, 320 ℃, 335 ℃, 336 ℃ and 340 ℃; main and pre-net pressure: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa.
Preferably, the specific parameters of the stretch-setting stage in step S3 are as follows: the first-stage stretching multiple is 1.5 times, and the water bath heating temperature is 100 ℃; secondary stretching is carried out by 1 time, and superheated steam is 180 ℃; the drying temperature for drying and shaping is 200 ℃.
Preferably, the preparation method of the PPS fiber comprises the following steps: drying, melt extrusion, filtration and melt metering of PPS resin, and then feeding the PPS resin into a composite spinning manifold; then stretching and shaping; drying and shaping to form the PPS fiber.
Preferably, the PPS fiber preparation method comprises the following specific process parameters: the drying temperature of the slices is 205 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature: 290 ℃, 320 ℃, 335 ℃, 336 ℃ and 340 ℃; main and pre-net pressure: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa; the specific parameters of the stretching and shaping stage are as follows: the first-stage stretching multiple is 1.5 times, and the water bath heating temperature is 100 ℃; secondary stretching is carried out by 1 time, and superheated steam is 180 ℃; the drying temperature for drying and shaping is 200 ℃.
Preferably, the preparation method of the magnetic filter material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the two-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber and the PTFE fiber according to the weight ratio of 7: 3, mixing, opening, mixing, carding and lapping to obtain a uniform fiber net to form a dust backing layer;
s2 bonding the PPS fibers to the PTFE fibers in a ratio of 7: 3, mixing, opening, mixing, carding and lapping to obtain a uniform fiber net to form a dust facing layer;
s3 final 120g/m2The PTFE base cloth is used as a middle supporting layer, is arranged between a dust facing layer and a dust backing layer, is consolidated together through a needling machine to form a needled felt, and is subjected to post-treatment such as calendaring and singeing to obtain the magnetic filter material.
The invention also discloses an application of the magnetic filter material in any technical scheme in filtering industrial dust.
Has the advantages that: adding AlNiCo into PPS resin; the adsorption performance of the filter material on the metal dust is enhanced, so that the metal dust in the industrial dust is firstly adsorbed to form a conductive powder cake layer in the actual operation process, and dust explosion caused by static electricity can be effectively reduced through the formation of the conductive powder cake layer.
The invention has the advantages that:
in the invention, AlNiCo/PPS fiber is arranged in a magnetic filter material; the AlNiCo/PPS fiber is formed by adding the AlNiCo into the PPS resin, so that on one hand, the adsorption performance of the filter material on metal dust is enhanced, the metal dust in the flue gas is firstly adsorbed to form a conductive powder cake layer in the actual operation process, and the dust explosion caused by static electricity can be effectively reduced through the formation of the conductive powder cake layer; on the other hand, the contact between the PPS and oxygen is reduced, and the oxidation resistance of the PPS is enhanced; the AlNiCo and PPS resin (skin layer) and the PPS resin (core layer) are integrally connected through a skin-core structure; on one hand, the AlNiCo is not easy to fall off under the actions of blowing and flue gas scouring, so that the magnetic filter material cannot lose efficacy in the using process, and the service life of the magnetic filter material is further effectively prolonged; on the other hand, the cortex introduces an AlNiCo material, and the core layer is supported by PPS, so that the problem of low strength of the modified fiber in the prior art can be effectively avoided.
The invention applies the magnetic filter material to filter industrial dust; through adding AlNiCo in PPS resin, the adsorption performance of filter materials to metal dust has been strengthened to adsorb the metal dust in the industry dust earlier and form a layer conductive powder cake layer at the actual operation in-process, through the formation of this conductive powder cake layer, the dust explosion that static arouses can effectively be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of AlNiCo/PPS fibers in a magnetic filter material in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 shows the microscopic morphology of the magnetic filter material in the examples.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Test materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The specific techniques or conditions not specified in the examples can be performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product specification.
Example 1
A preparation method of a magnetic filter material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of two-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber
As shown in FIG. 1, the AlNiCo/PPS fiber is cylindrical in shape, and the AlNiCo/PPS fiber is of a sheath-core structure and comprises an outer layer 1 and an inner layer 2.
The outer layer 1 (skin layer) is formed: mixing AlNiCo with PPS resin according to the proportion of 1: 9, mixing, drying, melt extruding, filtering, measuring a melt, and then feeding into a composite spinning manifold;
wherein the drying temperature is 200 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature for melt extrusion: 280 ℃, 315 ℃, 325 ℃, 330 ℃ and 335 ℃; main and pre-screening pressure of the filter: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa.
Adding AlNiCo into PPS resin; on one hand, the adsorption performance of the filter material on metal dust is enhanced, so that the metal dust in the flue gas is firstly adsorbed to form a conductive powder cake layer in the actual operation process, and dust explosion caused by static electricity can be effectively reduced through the formation of the conductive powder cake layer; on the other hand, the contact between the PPS and oxygen is reduced, and the oxidation resistance of the PPS is enhanced.
The formation of the inner layer 2 (core layer) is: drying, melt extrusion, filtration and melt metering of PPS resin, and then feeding the PPS resin into a composite spinning manifold;
wherein the drying temperature of the slices is 205 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature: 290 ℃, 320 ℃, 335 ℃, 336 ℃ and 340 ℃; main and pre-net pressure: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa.
In the spinning assembly, the AlNiCo/PPS mixed resin and the PPS resin are converged at the inlet of a spinneret orifice through respective flow passages and are extruded together; the melt is solidified quickly, so that the melt can not be mixed, and a bicomponent composite AlNiCo/PPS filament with a clear interface is formed; and then a stretching and shaping stage: the first-stage stretching multiple is 1.5 times, and the water bath heating temperature is 100 ℃; secondary stretching is carried out by 1 time, and superheated steam is 180 ℃; drying and shaping to form the double-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber, wherein the drying temperature is 200 ℃.
The method comprises the steps of mixing and melting AlNiCo and PPS resin (a skin layer) and integrally extruding the PPS resin (a core layer) according to a skin-core structure; on one hand, the AlNiCo is not easy to fall off under the actions of blowing and flue gas scouring, so that the magnetic filter material cannot lose efficacy in the using process, and the service life of the magnetic filter material is further effectively prolonged; on the other hand, the cortex introduces an AlNiCo material, and the core layer is supported by PPS, so that the problem of low strength of the modified fiber in the prior art can be effectively avoided.
(2) Preparation of PPS fiber
The PPS fibers are cylindrical in shape.
The formation of PPS fibers is: drying, melt extrusion, filtration and melt metering of PPS resin, and then feeding the PPS resin into a composite spinning manifold;
wherein the drying temperature of the slices is 205 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature: 290 ℃, 320 ℃, 335 ℃, 336 ℃ and 340 ℃; main and pre-net pressure: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa; and then a stretching and shaping stage: the first-stage stretching multiple is 1.5 times, and the water bath heating temperature is 100 ℃; secondary stretching is carried out by 1 time, and superheated steam is 180 ℃; drying and shaping to form the PPS fiber, wherein the drying temperature is 200 ℃.
(3) Preparing a magnetic filter material;
mixing the two-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber prepared in the step (1) and the PTFE fiber according to the weight ratio of 7: 3, mixing, opening, mixing, carding and lapping to obtain a uniform fiber net to form a dust backing layer;
mixing the PPS fibers prepared in the step (2) with PTFE fibers according to the weight ratio of 7: 3, mixing, opening, mixing, carding and lapping to obtain a uniform fiber net to form a dust facing layer;
finally, the mixture is mixed with 120g/m2The PTFE base cloth is used as a middle supporting layer, is arranged between a dust facing layer and a dust backing layer, is consolidated together through a needling machine to form a needled felt, and is subjected to post-treatment such as calendaring and singeing to obtain the magnetic filter material.
Example 2
A preparation method of a magnetic filter material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of two-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber
As shown in FIG. 1, the AlNiCo/PPS fiber is cylindrical in shape, and the AlNiCo/PPS fiber is of a sheath-core structure and comprises an outer layer 1 and an inner layer 2.
The outer layer 1 (skin layer) is formed: mixing AlNiCo with PPS resin according to the proportion of 2: 8, mixing, drying, melt extruding, filtering, measuring a melt, and then feeding into a composite spinning manifold;
wherein the drying temperature is 200 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature for melt extrusion: 280 ℃, 315 ℃, 325 ℃, 330 ℃ and 335 ℃; main and pre-screening pressure of the filter: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa.
Adding AlNiCo into PPS resin; on one hand, the adsorption performance of the filter material on metal dust is enhanced, so that the metal dust in the flue gas is firstly adsorbed to form a conductive powder cake layer in the actual operation process, and dust explosion caused by static electricity can be effectively reduced through the formation of the conductive powder cake layer; on the other hand, the contact between the PPS and oxygen is reduced, and the oxidation resistance of the PPS is enhanced.
The formation of the inner layer 2 (core layer) is: drying, melt extrusion, filtration and melt metering of PPS resin, and then feeding the PPS resin into a composite spinning manifold;
wherein the drying temperature of the slices is 205 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature: 290 ℃, 320 ℃, 335 ℃, 336 ℃ and 340 ℃; main and pre-net pressure: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa.
In the spinning assembly, the AlNiCo/PPS mixed resin and the PPS resin are converged at the inlet of a spinneret orifice through respective flow passages and are extruded together; the melt is solidified quickly, so that the melt can not be mixed, and a bicomponent composite AlNiCo/PPS filament with a clear interface is formed; and then a stretching and shaping stage: the first-stage stretching multiple is 1.5 times, and the water bath heating temperature is 100 ℃; secondary stretching is carried out by 1 time, and superheated steam is 180 ℃; drying and shaping to form the double-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber, wherein the drying temperature is 200 ℃.
The method comprises the steps of mixing and melting AlNiCo and PPS resin (a skin layer) and integrally extruding the PPS resin (a core layer) according to a skin-core structure; on one hand, the AlNiCo is not easy to fall off under the actions of blowing and flue gas scouring, so that the magnetic filter material cannot lose efficacy in the using process, and the service life of the magnetic filter material is further effectively prolonged; on the other hand, the cortex introduces an AlNiCo material, and the core layer is supported by PPS, so that the problem of low strength of the modified fiber in the prior art can be effectively avoided.
(2) Preparation of PPS fiber
The PPS fibers are cylindrical in shape.
The formation of PPS fibers is: drying, melt extrusion, filtration and melt metering of PPS resin, and then feeding the PPS resin into a composite spinning manifold;
wherein the drying temperature of the slices is 205 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature: 290 ℃, 320 ℃, 335 ℃, 336 ℃ and 340 ℃; main and pre-net pressure: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa; and then a stretching and shaping stage: the first-stage stretching multiple is 1.5 times, and the water bath heating temperature is 100 ℃; secondary stretching is carried out by 1 time, and superheated steam is 180 ℃; drying and shaping to form the PPS fiber, wherein the drying temperature is 200 ℃.
(3) Preparing a magnetic filter material;
mixing the two-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber prepared in the step (1) and the PTFE fiber according to the weight ratio of 7: 3, mixing, opening, mixing, carding and lapping to obtain a uniform fiber net to form a dust backing layer;
mixing the PPS fibers prepared in the step (2) with PTFE fibers according to the weight ratio of 7: 3, mixing, opening, mixing, carding and lapping to obtain a uniform fiber net to form a dust facing layer;
finally, the mixture is mixed with 120g/m2The PTFE base cloth is used as a middle supporting layer, is arranged between a dust facing layer and a dust backing layer, is consolidated together through a needling machine to form a needled felt, and is subjected to post-treatment such as calendaring and singeing to obtain the magnetic filter material.
Example 3
A preparation method of a magnetic filter material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of two-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber
As shown in FIG. 1, the AlNiCo/PPS fiber is cylindrical in shape, and the AlNiCo/PPS fiber is of a sheath-core structure and comprises an outer layer 1 and an inner layer 2.
The outer layer 1 (skin layer) is formed: mixing AlNiCo with PPS resin according to the proportion of 3: 7, mixing, drying, melt extruding, filtering, measuring a melt, and then feeding into a composite spinning manifold;
wherein the drying temperature is 200 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature for melt extrusion: 280 ℃, 315 ℃, 325 ℃, 330 ℃ and 335 ℃; main and pre-screening pressure of the filter: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa.
Adding AlNiCo into PPS resin; on one hand, the adsorption performance of the filter material on metal dust is enhanced, so that the metal dust in the flue gas is firstly adsorbed to form a conductive powder cake layer in the actual operation process, and dust explosion caused by static electricity can be effectively reduced through the formation of the conductive powder cake layer; on the other hand, the contact between the PPS and oxygen is reduced, and the oxidation resistance of the PPS is enhanced.
The formation of the inner layer 2 (core layer) is: drying, melt extrusion, filtration and melt metering of PPS resin, and then feeding the PPS resin into a composite spinning manifold;
wherein the drying temperature of the slices is 205 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature: 290 ℃, 320 ℃, 335 ℃, 336 ℃ and 340 ℃; main and pre-net pressure: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa.
In the spinning assembly, the AlNiCo/PPS mixed resin and the PPS resin are converged at the inlet of a spinneret orifice through respective flow passages and are extruded together; the melt is solidified quickly, so that the melt can not be mixed, and a bicomponent composite AlNiCo/PPS filament with a clear interface is formed; and then a stretching and shaping stage: the first-stage stretching multiple is 1.5 times, and the water bath heating temperature is 100 ℃; secondary stretching is carried out by 1 time, and superheated steam is 180 ℃; drying and shaping to form the double-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber, wherein the drying temperature is 200 ℃.
The method comprises the steps of mixing and melting AlNiCo and PPS resin (a skin layer) and integrally extruding the PPS resin (a core layer) according to a skin-core structure; on one hand, the AlNiCo is not easy to fall off under the actions of blowing and flue gas scouring, so that the magnetic filter material cannot lose efficacy in the using process, and the service life of the magnetic filter material is further effectively prolonged; on the other hand, the cortex introduces an AlNiCo material, and the core layer is supported by PPS, so that the problem of low strength of the modified fiber in the prior art can be effectively avoided.
(2) Preparation of PPS fiber
The PPS fibers are cylindrical in shape.
The formation of PPS fibers is: drying, melt extrusion, filtration and melt metering of PPS resin, and then feeding the PPS resin into a composite spinning manifold;
wherein the drying temperature of the slices is 205 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature: 290 ℃, 320 ℃, 335 ℃, 336 ℃ and 340 ℃; main and pre-net pressure: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa; and then a stretching and shaping stage: the first-stage stretching multiple is 1.5 times, and the water bath heating temperature is 100 ℃; secondary stretching is carried out by 1 time, and superheated steam is 180 ℃; drying and shaping to form the PPS fiber, wherein the drying temperature is 200 ℃.
(3) Preparing a magnetic filter material;
mixing the two-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber prepared in the step (1) and the PTFE fiber according to the weight ratio of 7: 3, mixing, opening, mixing, carding and lapping to obtain a uniform fiber net to form a dust backing layer;
mixing the PPS fibers prepared in the step (2) with PTFE fibers according to the weight ratio of 7: 3, mixing, opening, mixing, carding and lapping to obtain a uniform fiber net to form a dust facing layer;
finally, the mixture is mixed with 120g/m2The PTFE base cloth is used as a middle supporting layer, is arranged between a dust facing layer and a dust backing layer, is consolidated together through a needling machine to form a needled felt, and is subjected to post-treatment such as calendaring and singeing to obtain the magnetic filter material.
Comparative example 1
(1) Preparation of PPS fiber
The PPS fibers are cylindrical in shape.
The formation of PPS fibers is: drying, melt extrusion, filtration and melt metering of PPS resin, and then feeding the PPS resin into a composite spinning manifold;
wherein the drying temperature of the slices is 205 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature: 290 ℃, 320 ℃, 335 ℃, 336 ℃ and 340 ℃; main and pre-net pressure: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa; and then a stretching and shaping stage: the first-stage stretching multiple is 1.5 times, and the water bath heating temperature is 100 ℃; secondary stretching is carried out by 1 time, and superheated steam is 180 ℃; drying and shaping to form the PPS fiber, wherein the drying temperature is 200 ℃.
(2) Preparation of filter material
PPS fiber and PTFE fiber are respectively mixed according to the weight ratio of 7: 3, mixing according to a mass ratio, opening, mixing, carding and lapping to obtain a uniform fiber net, and preparing a dust facing layer and a dust backing layer;
finally, the mixture is mixed with 120g/m2The PTFE base cloth is used as a middle supporting layer, is arranged between a dust facing layer and a dust backing layer, is consolidated together through a needling machine to form a needled felt, and is subjected to post-treatment such as calendaring and singeing to obtain the filter material.
Table 1 shows the results of measuring the physical properties of the filter media prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1.
Figure BDA0003295381900000111
The performance test method comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) the oxidation resistance test standard is as follows: cutting the filter material into sample strips of 5cm by 20cm, and adding 40% concentrated HNO3Strength retention after 24h of lower soaking.
(2) Breaking strength test standard: tested according to GB/T6719-2009 standard.
(3) The filter materials prepared by the embodiment and the comparative example are used for performance test by adopting a German TOPAS-AFC-133VDI dynamic filtration efficiency test platform; the dust used for the test was: 50% of standard dust (alumina) + 50% of metal dust (particle size of 0.3-20 μm).
As can be seen from Table 1, with the increase of the AlNiCo ratio, the oxidation resistance of the magnetic filter material is greatly improved (due to the improvement of the oxidation resistance of PPS); the filtering performance of the magnetic filter material on the metal dust is greatly improved, so that the metal dust is promoted to form a conductive layer on the outer surface of the magnetic filter material, a conductive effect is achieved, and explosion can be effectively prevented; in addition, as can be seen from table 1, although the breaking strength of the magnetic filter material has a slight attenuation tendency, it is maintained at a certain level, and the use is not affected.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A magnetic filter material is characterized by comprising a dust facing layer, a supporting layer and a dust backing layer; the supporting layer is positioned between the dust facing layer and the dust backing layer; two sides of the supporting layer are respectively fixedly connected with the dust facing layer and the dust backing layer; the dust backing layer comprises AlNiCo/PPS fiber; the AlNiCo/PPS fiber is of a skin-core structure and comprises a skin layer and a core layer; the skin layer comprises AlNiCo and PPS resin; the core layer comprises PPS resin; the skin layer and the core layer are integrally connected.
2. The magnetic filter material of claim 1, wherein the dust facing layer comprises PPS fibers and PTFE fibers, and the PPS fibers and the PTFE fibers are interwoven and fixed with each other to form the dust facing layer; the supporting layer is made of PTFE base cloth; the dust backing layer further comprises PTFE fibers, and the AlNiCo/PPS fibers and the PTFE fibers are mutually interwoven and fixed to form the dust backing layer.
3. The magnetic filter material of claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation method of the bi-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber comprises the following steps:
s1 cortex: mixing AlNiCo with PPS resin according to the proportion of 1-3: 7-9, mixing, drying, melt extruding, filtering, measuring a melt, and then feeding into a composite spinning manifold;
s2 core layer: drying, melt extrusion, filtration and melt metering of PPS resin, and then feeding the PPS resin into a composite spinning manifold;
s3 in the spinning assembly, the AlNiCo/PPS mixed resin and the PPS resin are converged at the inlet of a spinneret orifice through respective flow passages and extruded together; forming a bicomponent composite AlNiCo/PPS filament with a clear interface; then stretching and shaping; drying and shaping to form the double-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber.
4. The magnetic filter of claim 3, wherein: the specific process parameters in the step S1 are as follows: the drying temperature is 200 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature for melt extrusion: 280 ℃, 315 ℃, 325 ℃, 330 ℃ and 335 ℃; main and pre-screening pressure of the filter: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa.
5. The magnetic filter of claim 3, wherein: the specific process parameters in the step S2 are as follows: the drying temperature of the slices is 205 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature: 290 ℃, 320 ℃, 335 ℃, 336 ℃ and 340 ℃; main and pre-net pressure: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa.
6. The magnetic filter of claim 3, wherein: the specific parameters of the stretch-setting stage in step S3 are: the first-stage stretching multiple is 1.5 times, and the water bath heating temperature is 100 ℃; secondary stretching is carried out by 1 time, and superheated steam is 180 ℃; the drying temperature for drying and shaping is 200 ℃.
7. The magnetic filter of claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the PPS fiber comprises the following steps: drying, melt extrusion, filtration and melt metering of PPS resin, and then feeding the PPS resin into a composite spinning manifold; then stretching and shaping; drying and shaping to form the PPS fiber.
8. The magnetic filter of claim 7, wherein: the PPS fiber preparation method comprises the following specific process parameters: the drying temperature of the slices is 205 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h; screw temperature: 290 ℃, 320 ℃, 335 ℃, 336 ℃ and 340 ℃; main and pre-net pressure: 0.1 MPa; side blowing speed, temperature and pressure: 0.5m/s, 22 ℃ and 500 KPa; the specific parameters of the stretching and shaping stage are as follows: the first-stage stretching multiple is 1.5 times, and the water bath heating temperature is 100 ℃; secondary stretching is carried out by 1 time, and superheated steam is 180 ℃; the drying temperature for drying and shaping is 200 ℃.
9. The magnetic filter of claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the magnetic filter material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the two-component AlNiCo/PPS fiber and the PTFE fiber according to the weight ratio of 7: 3, mixing, opening, mixing, carding and lapping to obtain a uniform fiber net to form a dust backing layer;
s2 bonding the PPS fibers to the PTFE fibers in a ratio of 7: 3, mixing, opening, mixing, carding and lapping to obtain a uniform fiber net to form a dust facing layer;
s3 final 120g/m2The PTFE base cloth is used as a middle supporting layer, is arranged between a dust facing layer and a dust backing layer, is consolidated together through a needling machine to form a needled felt, and is subjected to post-treatment such as calendaring and singeing to obtain the magnetic filter material.
10. Use of a magnetic filter material according to any of claims 1 to 9 for filtering industrial dust.
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CN106757510A (en) * 2016-12-08 2017-05-31 江苏省纺织研究所股份有限公司 Bright and beautiful magnetic coupling fiber and its production method
CN107349685A (en) * 2017-08-28 2017-11-17 郑行良 A kind of antistatic filtering material of metal deposit and preparation method thereof
CN108071020A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-05-25 安徽元琛环保科技股份有限公司 It is a kind of to be used to that filter bag of non-ferrous metal dust and preparation method thereof to be recovered by filtration

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202011003102U1 (en) * 2011-02-12 2012-03-22 Nextrusion Gmbh Magnetizable fibers and filaments as marking thread in conveyor belts
CN106757510A (en) * 2016-12-08 2017-05-31 江苏省纺织研究所股份有限公司 Bright and beautiful magnetic coupling fiber and its production method
CN107349685A (en) * 2017-08-28 2017-11-17 郑行良 A kind of antistatic filtering material of metal deposit and preparation method thereof
CN108071020A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-05-25 安徽元琛环保科技股份有限公司 It is a kind of to be used to that filter bag of non-ferrous metal dust and preparation method thereof to be recovered by filtration

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