CN113891635A - Cold station unit, integrated cold station system, control method of integrated cold station system and related equipment - Google Patents
Cold station unit, integrated cold station system, control method of integrated cold station system and related equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113891635A CN113891635A CN202111250213.6A CN202111250213A CN113891635A CN 113891635 A CN113891635 A CN 113891635A CN 202111250213 A CN202111250213 A CN 202111250213A CN 113891635 A CN113891635 A CN 113891635A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 77
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 75
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 49
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010725 compressor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010729 system oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20354—Refrigerating circuit comprising a compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20336—Heat pipes, e.g. wicks or capillary pumps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/208—Liquid cooling with phase change
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/20836—Thermal management, e.g. server temperature control
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The application discloses a cold station unit, an integrated cold station system, a control method of the integrated cold station system and related equipment, wherein the cold station unit comprises a circulating refrigerant pipeline for circulating a refrigerant medium, a compressor, a condenser, a liquid pump, a throttling device and a heat exchanger, wherein the compressor, the condenser, the liquid pump, the throttling device and the heat exchanger are connected with the circulating refrigerant pipeline; the heat exchanger is communicated with a circulating freezing water pipeline of the tail end unit, and the circulating freezing water pipeline and a circulating refrigerant pipeline exchange heat in the heat exchanger. The invention can select the compressor and/or the liquid pump to refrigerate according to the outdoor temperature, and can only drive the heat pipe to refrigerate by using the liquid pump alone without operating the compressor or use the liquid pump to assist in refrigeration when the compressor refrigerates under the condition of lower outdoor temperature by applying the liquid pump heat pipe technology, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the load of the compressor and reducing the energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, in particular to a cold station unit and an integrated cold station system. The invention also relates to a control method of the integrated cold station system and related equipment.
Background
With the promotion and promotion of a series of informatization projects such as ' internet + ' big data application ', the scale and the number of data centers are rapidly developed. When the data center works, a large amount of electric energy is consumed and a large amount of heat is generated, so that the ambient temperature of a machine room is increased, and a refrigeration system is required to be configured for refrigeration, so that the normal operation of the data center is ensured. PUE (Power Usage efficiency, abbreviated) is an index for evaluating energy efficiency of a data center, and is a ratio of all energy consumed by the data center to energy used by IT loads, and cooling of the data center accounts for about 40% of total Power consumption, so that the PUE value can be effectively reduced by reducing the Power consumption of a refrigeration system. How to effectively reduce the energy consumption of the refrigeration system becomes a problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a cold station unit to effectively reduce the energy consumption of the refrigeration system.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an integrated cold station system and a control method thereof to effectively reduce power consumption.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a cold station unit is applied to an integrated cold station system comprising a tail end unit and comprises a circulating refrigerant pipeline, a compressor, a condenser, a liquid pump, a throttling device and a heat exchanger, wherein the compressor, the condenser, the liquid pump, the throttling device and the heat exchanger are connected with the circulating refrigerant pipeline; the heat exchanger is communicated with a circulating chilled water pipeline of the tail end unit, and the circulating chilled water pipeline and the circulating refrigerant pipeline exchange heat in the heat exchanger.
Preferably, the first bypass pipeline is provided with a first check valve, the circulating refrigerant pipeline between the inlet and the outlet of the first bypass pipeline is provided with a second check valve connected in parallel with the first check valve, and the first check valve and the second check valve have the same conduction direction and are both along the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the compressor; and/or
The second bypass pipeline is provided with a third one-way valve, the circulating refrigerant pipeline between the inlet and the outlet of the second bypass pipeline is provided with a fourth one-way valve connected with the third one-way valve in parallel, and the conduction directions of the third one-way valve and the fourth one-way valve are the same and are all along the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the liquid pump.
Preferably, the compressor, the condenser, the liquid pump, the throttling device and the heat exchanger are sequentially connected in series, and a refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an inlet of the compressor.
Preferably, the cold station unit of the present invention further includes a reservoir disposed in the circulating refrigerant line.
Preferably, the restriction device comprises an expansion valve.
The present invention also provides an integrated cold station system comprising:
the cold station unit as described above;
the tail end unit comprises a circulating chilled water pipeline, a chilled water pump and at least one evaporator, wherein the chilled water pump and the at least one evaporator are arranged in the circulating chilled water pipeline, and chilled water circulates in the circulating chilled water pipeline.
Preferably, the integrated cold station system has at least one of the following modes:
a compressor cooling mode in which the compressor and the second bypass line are connected and the first bypass line and the liquid pump are disconnected;
a liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode, wherein in the liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode, the first bypass pipeline is communicated with the liquid pump, and the compressor is disconnected with the second bypass pipeline;
and a hybrid refrigeration mode in which the compressor and the liquid pump are on and the first bypass line and the second bypass line are off.
Preferably, the end unit further comprises a water valve, the end unit is provided with one evaporator or a plurality of evaporators connected in parallel, the number of the water valves is larger than or equal to that of the evaporators, and each evaporator is connected with at least one water valve in series.
The invention also provides a control method of the integrated cold station system, which is based on any one of the integrated cold station systems, and the control method comprises the following steps: and controlling the integrated cold station system to switch the operation of a compressor refrigeration mode, a liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode and a mixed refrigeration mode according to the outdoor temperature.
Preferably, the controlling the integrated cold station system to switch the compressor cooling mode, the liquid pump heat pipe cooling mode and the hybrid cooling mode according to the outdoor temperature includes: when the outdoor temperature Tout>At T1, controlling the integrated cold station system to operate the compressor refrigeration mode; when the outdoor temperature is T2-ToutWhen the temperature is less than or equal to T1, controlling the integrated cold station system to operate in a mixed refrigeration mode; when the outdoor temperature Tout<And at T2, controlling the integrated cold station system to operate a liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode, wherein T2 < T1.
Preferably, the control method includes at least one of the following control methods corresponding to the cooling modes:
1) in the compressor cooling mode:
controlling the rotating speed of a compressor of the integrated cold station system according to the target evaporation temperature Te of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
controlling the opening degree of a throttling device of the integrated cold station system according to the target suction superheat degree of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
according to the target evaporation temperature Te and the indoor temperature T at the current momentinOutdoor temperature ToutAnd a total temperature difference Δ T required for said integrated cold station system, in combination with the formula Δ T ═ T (T)in-Tout) + (Tc-Te) calculating a target condensing temperature Tc at the present time, converting the target condensing temperature Tc into a condensing pressure Pc, and calculating a condensing temperature value according to the condensing pressureThe force Pc controls the condenser of the integrated cold station system to work;
controlling the flow of a chilled water pump of the integrated cold station system according to the load factor of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
controlling the opening degree of a water valve corresponding to each evaporator according to the load factor and the air outlet temperature of each evaporator of the integrated cold station system;
controlling the rotating speed of an inner fan of the evaporator according to the front-back pressure difference of the inner fan;
2) in the hybrid refrigeration mode:
controlling the rotating speed of a compressor of the integrated cold station system according to the target evaporation temperature Te of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
controlling the opening degree of a throttling device of the integrated cold station system according to the target suction superheat degree of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
according to the target evaporation temperature Te and the indoor temperature T at the current momentinOutdoor temperature ToutAnd a total temperature difference Δ T required for said integrated cold station system, in combination with the formula Δ T ═ T (T)in-Tout) Calculating a target condensation temperature Tc at the current moment, converting the target condensation temperature Tc into a condensation pressure Pc, and controlling a condenser of the integrated cold station system to work according to the condensation pressure Pc;
converting the target evaporation temperature Te into an evaporation pressure Pe, and controlling the rotation speed of the liquid pump according to a target difference value between the condensation pressure Pc and the evaporation pressure Pe;
controlling the flow of a chilled water pump of the integrated cold station system according to the load factor of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
controlling the opening degree of a water valve corresponding to each evaporator according to the load factor and the air outlet temperature of each evaporator of the integrated cold station system;
controlling the rotating speed of an inner fan of the evaporator according to the front-back pressure difference of the inner fan;
3) under the liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode:
converting the target evaporation temperature Te of the integrated cold station system at the current moment into evaporation pressure Pe, obtaining the target condensation temperature Tc of the integrated cold station system at the current moment according to the evaporation pressure Pe, converting the target condensation temperature Tc of the integrated cold station system at the current moment into condensation pressure Pc, and controlling the condenser of the integrated cold station system to work according to the condensation pressure Pc;
controlling the rotating speed of a liquid pump of the integrated cold station system according to a target difference value between the condensation pressure Pc and the evaporation pressure Pe;
controlling the flow of a chilled water pump of the integrated cold station system according to the load factor of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
controlling the opening degree of a throttling device of the integrated cold station system;
controlling the opening degree of a water valve corresponding to each evaporator according to the load factor and the air outlet temperature of each evaporator of the integrated cold station system;
and controlling the rotating speed of the inner fan according to the front-back pressure difference of the inner fan of the evaporator.
Preferably, when the condenser is an air condenser, the controlling of the condenser operation of the integrated cold station system according to the condensing pressure Pc includes: controlling the rotating speed of an outer fan of the air condenser according to the condensation pressure Pc;
when the condenser is a water condenser or an evaporative cooler, the controlling the condenser of the integrated cold station system according to the condensing pressure Pc includes: and controlling the rotating speed of an outer fan or a cooling water pump of the condenser according to the condensation pressure Pc.
The invention also provides a control system of the integrated cold station system, which comprises a temperature detection module and a controller, wherein the temperature detection module is connected with the controller, the controller comprises a memory and a processor, the memory is used for storing programs, and the processor is used for executing the programs to realize the control method.
The invention also provides a storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a control method as described in any one of the above.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the integrated cold station system works, the cold station unit refrigerates, the refrigerated cold medium exchanges heat with the circulating chilled water pipeline in the heat exchanger through the circulating refrigerant pipeline, so that chilled water in the circulating chilled water pipeline is cooled, and finally, cold energy is input into the indoor environment through the evaporator of the tail end unit, so that the refrigerating work of the integrated cold station system is completed.
The cold station unit can select the compressor and/or the liquid pump to refrigerate according to the outdoor temperature, and the liquid pump heat pipe technology is applied, so that the compressor does not need to be operated under the condition of low outdoor temperature, the liquid pump is only used for driving the heat pipe to refrigerate alone, or the liquid pump is used for driving the heat pipe to refrigerate in an auxiliary way while the compressor is used, and therefore the purposes of reducing the load of the compressor and reducing the energy consumption are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated cold station system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an integrated cold station system operating in a compressor cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a control method of the integrated cold station system in the compressor cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating operation of an integrated cold station system in a hybrid cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a control method of the integrated cold station system in the hybrid cooling mode according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic working diagram of an integrated cold station system in a liquid pump heat pipe cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a control method of the integrated cold station system in the liquid pump heat pipe cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, A is a cold station unit, B is a tail end unit, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a second one-way valve, 3 is a condenser, 4 is a liquid storage device, 5 is a liquid pump, 6 is a fourth one-way valve, 7 is a throttling device, 8 is a heat exchanger, 9 is a circulating refrigerant pipeline, 10 is a first bypass pipeline, 11 is a first one-way valve, 12 is a second bypass pipeline, 13 is a third one-way valve, 14 is a circulating chilled water pipeline, 15 is a chilled water pump, 16 is a water valve, and 17 is an evaporator.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a cold station unit which can effectively reduce the energy consumption of a refrigeration system.
The invention also provides an integrated cold station system and a control method thereof, which can effectively reduce energy consumption.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 4 and 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cold station unit, which is applied to an integrated cold station system including a terminal unit B, where the cold station unit a includes a circulating refrigerant pipeline 9, and a compressor 1, a condenser 3, a liquid pump 5, a throttling device 7 and a heat exchanger 8 connected to the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9, the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9 is used for circulating a refrigerant medium, the compressor 1 is connected in parallel with a first bypass pipeline 10, the liquid pump 5 is connected in parallel with a second bypass pipeline 12, one of the compressor 1 and the first bypass pipeline 10 is on/off, and one of the liquid pump 5 and the second bypass pipeline 12 is on/off; the heat exchanger 8 is communicated with a circulating freezing water pipeline 14 of the tail end unit B, freezing water is used for circulating in the circulating freezing water pipeline 14, and the circulating freezing water pipeline 14 and a circulating refrigerant pipeline 9 exchange heat in the heat exchanger 8.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the integrated cold station system works, the cold station unit A refrigerates, the refrigerated cold medium exchanges heat with the circulating freezing water pipeline 14 in the heat exchanger 8 through the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9, so that the freezing water in the circulating freezing water pipeline 14 is cooled, and finally, the cold quantity is sent into the indoor environment through the evaporator 17 of the tail end unit B, so that the refrigerating work of the integrated cold station system is completed. This cold station unit A can select compressor 1 and/or liquid pump 5 to refrigerate according to outdoor temperature, uses liquid pump heat pipe technique, can be under the lower condition of outdoor temperature, need not operate compressor 1, only need use liquid pump 5 drive heat pipe alone to refrigerate, perhaps uses liquid pump 5 drive heat pipe to assist refrigeration when using compressor 1 to reach the purpose that reduces compressor 1 load, reduction energy consumption.
Further, in this embodiment, the first bypass pipeline 10 is provided with a first check valve 11, the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9 from the inlet to the outlet of the first bypass pipeline 10 is provided with a second check valve 2 connected in parallel with the first check valve 11, that is, the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9 from the inlet of the first bypass pipeline 10 to the inlet of the compressor 1 is provided with the second check valve 2 or the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9 from the outlet of the compressor 1 to the outlet of the first bypass pipeline 10 is provided with the second check valve 2, the conduction directions of the first check valve 11 and the second check valve 2 are the same, and both of them are along the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the compressor 1. Through set up the check valve respectively on parallelly connected pipeline, can the make-and-break of the circulation refrigerant pipeline 9 and the first bypass pipeline 10 at compressor 1 place of independent control, and switch on in the circulation refrigerant pipeline 9 and the first bypass pipeline 10 at compressor 1 place, under the condition of another disconnection, the pipeline that switches on avoids cold medium matter backward flow because of the one-way effect that switches on of check valve.
Preferably, a second non-return valve 2 is provided on the outlet side of the compressor 1, to avoid the backflow of refrigerant medium into the compressor 1. Of course, the second check valve 2 may also be provided on the inlet side of the compressor 1, as desired.
Of course, the first bypass pipeline 10 and the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9 where the compressor 1 is located may be switched on or off by other valves, such as a stop valve and an adjusting valve. As long as the on-off of each pipeline can be controlled.
Similarly, in the present embodiment, the second bypass line 12 is provided with the third check valve 13, the circulating refrigerant line 9 from the inlet to the outlet of the second bypass line 12 is provided with the fourth check valve 6 connected in parallel with the third check valve 13, that is, the circulating refrigerant line 9 from the inlet of the second bypass line 12 to the inlet of the liquid pump 5 is provided with the fourth check valve 6 or the circulating refrigerant line 9 from the outlet of the liquid pump 5 to the outlet of the second bypass line 12 is provided with the fourth check valve 6, and the conduction directions of the third check valve 13 and the fourth check valve 6 are the same and both along the inlet to outlet direction of the liquid pump 5. The one-way valves are respectively arranged on the pipelines connected in parallel, so that the on-off of the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9 where the liquid pump 5 is located and the on-off of the second bypass pipeline 12 can be independently controlled, one of the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9 where the liquid pump 5 is located and the second bypass pipeline 12 is connected, and under the condition that the other one of the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9 and the second bypass pipeline 12 is disconnected, the connected pipeline avoids the backflow of refrigerant due to the one-way connection effect of the one-way valves.
Preferably, the fourth non return valve 6 is arranged on the outlet side of the liquid pump 5 to avoid backflow of refrigerant medium into the liquid pump 5. Of course, the fourth check valve 6 may also be provided on the inlet side of the liquid pump 5, if desired.
Of course, the second bypass line 12 and the circulating refrigerant line 9 where the liquid pump 5 is located may be opened or closed by other valves, such as a stop valve and a regulating valve. As long as the on-off of each pipeline can be controlled.
Further, in the present embodiment, in the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9, the compressor 1, the condenser 3, the liquid pump 5, the throttling device 7 and the heat exchanger 8 may be connected in series in sequence, and a refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger 8 is communicated with an inlet of the compressor 1. When the refrigeration cycle system works, in a compressor refrigeration mode, a refrigerant medium sequentially passes through the compressor 1, the condenser 3, the throttling device 7 and the heat exchanger 8 and then returns to the compressor 1, so that the refrigeration cycle of the compressor 1 is completed; in the mixed refrigeration mode, the refrigerant medium sequentially passes through the compressor 1, the condenser 3, the liquid pump 5, the throttling device 7 and the heat exchanger 8 and then returns to the compressor 1, and the heat pipe refrigeration cycle of the compressor 1 and the liquid pump 5 is completed; in the liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode, the refrigerant medium is driven by the liquid pump 5 to sequentially pass through the condenser 3, the liquid pump 5, the throttling device 7 and the heat exchanger 8 and then return to the condenser 3, and the liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration cycle is completed.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cold station unit a may further include an accumulator 4 disposed in the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9. Preferably, an accumulator 4 may be provided between the condenser 3 and the liquid pump 5, and the accumulator 4 supplements and collects the refrigerant medium in the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9 to keep the continuity and pressure of the refrigerant medium in the system stable. Of course, the accumulator 4 may be disposed at other positions in the circulating refrigerant pipeline 9, or the accumulator 4 may not be disposed.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the throttling device 7 is an expansion valve, and has a function of adjusting the flow rate in a wide range. The number of the expansion valves may be one or more, a plurality of the expansion valves may be arranged in parallel, and the plurality of the expansion valves may be in the same adjustment range or may be different. Of course, the throttle device 7 may be other throttle valves than an expansion valve.
In the present embodiment, the compressor 1 may be an inverter rotor compressor, an inverter scroll compressor, a magnetic levitation compressor, a gas levitation compressor, an inverter centrifugal compressor, or an inverter screw compressor.
The invention also provides an integrated cold station system, which comprises the cold station unit a as described above and further comprises a terminal unit B, wherein the terminal unit B comprises a circulating chilled water pipeline 14, a chilled water pump 15 arranged in the circulating chilled water pipeline 14 and at least one evaporator 17, and chilled water circulates in the circulating chilled water pipeline 14.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the integrated cold station system has a compressor cooling mode in which the compressor 1 and the second bypass line 12 are both turned on, and the first bypass line 10 and the liquid pump 5 are both turned off. In this way, the refrigerant medium is compressed only by the compressor 1 and is not cooled by the liquid pump 5. The compressor refrigeration mode is suitable for the condition that the outdoor temperature is high, the compression efficiency of the compressor 1 is high at the moment, and the refrigeration effect can be realized through the compressor 1.
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the integrated cold station system has a liquid pump heat pipe cooling mode in which the first bypass line 10 and the liquid pump 5 are both turned on, and the compressor 1 and the second bypass line 12 are both turned off. In this way, the refrigerant medium is only cooled by the heat pipes of the liquid pump 5 and is not compressed by the compressor 1. The liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode is suitable for the condition that the outdoor temperature is very low, the compressor 1 cannot effectively finish compression refrigeration at the moment, the efficiency is low, the outdoor temperature at the moment meets the phase change condition of the refrigerant medium in the heat pipe, the refrigerant medium finishes refrigeration in the heat pipe under the driving of the liquid pump 5 through the phase change of the refrigerant medium in the heat pipe, the heat pipe is driven by the liquid pump to replace the compressor 1 to work, the power consumption can be greatly saved, and the energy consumption is saved.
As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the integrated cold station system has a mixed cooling mode in which the compressor 1 and the liquid pump 5 are both turned on, and the first bypass line 10 and the second bypass line 12 are both turned off. In this way, the refrigerant medium is compressed and cooled by the compressor 1, and is also cooled by the heat pipe of the liquid pump 5. The mixed refrigeration mode is suitable for the condition of low outdoor temperature, and is between the outdoor temperature of the compressor refrigeration mode and the liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode, the liquid pump 5 needs to be operated to assist the system circulation, the supercooling degree is improved, the circulation power is enhanced, and the oil return or the motor cooling is enhanced, so that the refrigeration effect is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the end unit B has one evaporator 17 or a plurality of evaporators 17 connected in parallel, and further includes water valves 16, wherein the number of the water valves 16 is greater than or equal to the number of the evaporators 17, and each evaporator 17 is connected in series with at least one water valve 16. In this way, one cold station unit a can supply cold to only one evaporator 17, or to a plurality of evaporators 17 connected in parallel. Of course, a plurality of cold station units a may be connected to a plurality of evaporators 17. When the air conditioner works, the flow of the chilled water passing through the evaporator 17 is controlled through at least one water valve 16, so that the outlet air temperature of the evaporator 17 is controlled. By the arrangement, the data center can conveniently arrange servers on shelves in stages and in a modularized manner.
In the embodiment, the cold station unit A and the tail end unit B of the integrated cold station system are in modularized integrated arrangement, so that rapid construction and operation maintenance are facilitated.
Based on the integrated cold station system described in any of the above embodiments, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a control method for an integrated cold station system, where the control method includes: and controlling the integrated cold station system to switch the operation of a compressor refrigeration mode, a liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode and a mixed refrigeration mode according to the outdoor temperature.
Because the integrated cold station system adopts the liquid pump heat pipe technology, the integrated cold station system is additionally provided with a liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode and a mixed refrigeration mode, the liquid pump 5 completely replaces or partially replaces the compressor 1 to refrigerate, and the liquid pump 5 utilizes physical characteristics to refrigerate by heat pipes, thereby reducing energy consumption.
Further, the integrated cold station system is controlled to switch the operation of the compressor refrigeration mode, the liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode and the mixed refrigeration mode according to the outdoor temperature, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the outdoor temperature Tout>At T1, controlling the integrated cold station system to operate in a compressor refrigeration mode; when the outdoor temperature is T2 ≤ ToutWhen the temperature is less than or equal to T1, controlling the integrated cold station system to operate in a mixed refrigeration mode; when the outdoor temperature Tout<And T2, controlling the integrated cold station system to operate a liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode, wherein T2 < T1.
When the outdoor temperature Tout>The value of T1 means that the outdoor temperature is high, and the value of T1 can be any temperature value above 25 ℃ and is set according to actual needs. When the outdoor temperature is T2 ≤ ToutWhen the temperature is less than or equal to T1, the outdoor temperature is low, and the T2 can be any temperature value within 10-15 ℃, and is set according to actual needs. When the outdoor temperature Tout<At T2, it means that the outdoor temperature is low. Of course, the setting of the critical temperature value of the cooling mode may also be other value ranges, and is not limited to the value ranges listed in the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the present embodiment provides a control method in the refrigeration mode of the compressor, the outdoor temperature is high, the liquid pump 5 does not need to be operated, and the control method of the integrated cold station system is as follows:
the rotating speed of the compressor 1 is controlled according to the target evaporation temperature Te of the integrated cold station system at the current moment, specifically, the higher the target evaporation temperature Te is, the smaller the rotating speed of the compressor 1 is controlled, and conversely, the lower the target evaporation temperature Te is, the larger the rotating speed of the compressor 1 is controlled. Wherein the final determination of the target evaporation temperature Te is obtained by: and obtaining the water supply temperature of the cold station unit A according to the data center requirements such as the air supply temperature, obtaining the target evaporation temperature Te1 according to the water supply temperature, correcting the target evaporation temperature Te1 according to the limit value of the water supply temperature to the evaporation temperature, the limit value of the evaporation temperature of the compressor and the load factor of the system, and taking the minimum value as the checked target evaporation temperature Te2 to serve as the final target evaporation temperature Te. This process realizes the variable frequency control of the compressor 1, thereby realizing energy saving.
The opening degree of the throttling device 7 is controlled according to the target suction superheat degree of the integrated cold station system at the current moment, specifically, the higher the target suction superheat degree is, the throttling device 7 needs to be controlled to increase the opening degree of the expansion valve if the opening degree of the expansion valve is small, and conversely, the lower the target suction superheat degree is, the larger the opening degree of the throttling device 7 is, and the opening degree of the expansion valve needs to be controlled to decrease. Wherein the target suction superheat is adjusted and corrected according to the load factor of the system and the outdoor temperature, such as the outdoor temperature ToutWhen the temperature is higher than 15 ℃, the target suction superheat degree can be 4-6 ℃, and if the outdoor temperature T is higher thanoutWhen the temperature is lower than 15 ℃, the target air suction superheat degree can be controlled by 8-10 ℃; meanwhile, when the load factor is 100%, the outdoor temperature ToutAbove 15 ℃, the target superheat degree can be 4-6 ℃, and the outdoor temperature T is 75% of the load rateoutWhen the temperature is higher than 15 ℃, the target air suction superheat degree can be 5-7 ℃. The process realizes the frequency conversion control of the throttling device 7, thereby realizing energy conservation.
According to the target evaporation temperature Te and the indoor temperature T at the current momentinOutdoor temperature ToutAnd the total temperature difference Δ T required for the integrated cold station system, in combination with the formula Δ T ═ T (T)in-Tout) + (Tc-Te) calculating a target condensing temperature Tc at the present time, converting the target condensing temperature Tc to a condensing pressure Pc, and controlling the set according to the condensing pressure PcThe condenser 3 of the cold station system is operated. Wherein, the total temperature difference Δ T required by the system can be obtained by: through the set temperature T of the end unit B and the current indoor temperature TinThe load factor of the system at the moment is obtained, the heat exchanger 8 and the evaporator 17 matched with the system are passed through, and the outdoor temperature T at the moment is obtainedoutAnd correcting to confirm the total temperature difference delta T required by the current system. The final determination method of the target condensation temperature Tc at the current time is as follows: the target condensing temperature Tc1 is calculated by the combination formula and is determined by the compression ratio or pressure difference of the compressor 1 and the outdoor temperature ToutThis is corrected to obtain Tc2 after the calibration as the final target condensation temperature Tc at the current time. The process realizes frequency conversion control of the condenser 3, and utilizes the principle of compensating temperature difference heat exchange, under the condition that the total temperature difference delta T is determined to be unchanged, Tin-ToutThe obtained temperature difference is used for compensating the temperature difference obtained by Tc-Te, and the system is controlled by the heat exchange principle of compensating the temperature difference, so that the lowest energy consumption operation of the system is realized.
And controlling the flow of the chilled water pump 15 of the integrated cold station system according to the load factor of the integrated cold station system at the current moment. The higher the load factor, the larger the flow rate of the chilled water pump 15. The flow rate of the chilled water pump 15 is limited by the minimum flow rate of the chilled water pump 15 during the flow rate adjustment process, and the flow rate should not be lower than the minimum flow rate.
And controlling the opening degree of the water valve 16 corresponding to each evaporator 17 according to the load factor and the outlet air temperature of each evaporator 17 of the integrated cold station system. The higher the duty cycle, the greater the opening of the water valve 16. Because the multi-connected tail ends are adopted and the load factors of the evaporators 17 at the tail ends are different, the evaporators 17 at the tail ends are regulated and controlled by the opening degree of the water valve 16; meanwhile, the opening degree of the water valve 16 is limited by the outlet air temperature, that is, when the load factor changes, the outlet air temperature changes due to the adjustment of the opening degree of the water valve 16, and when the outlet air temperature exceeds a set value, the opening degree of the water valve 16 needs to be adjusted and limited according to the outlet air temperature, and the outlet air temperature is adjusted preferentially. The process realizes the variable frequency control of the opening degree of the water valve 16 and saves energy consumption.
The rotation speed of the inner fan can be controlled according to the front-rear pressure difference of the inner fan of the evaporator 17, but the rotation speed of the evaporator 17 is still limited by the lowest rotation speed of the evaporator 17 at the moment, namely the rotation speed of the evaporator 17 is reduced and cannot be limited by the lowest rotation speed.
In the above control method, the components in the cold station unit a and the components in the end unit B may be controlled by the cold station main control unit of the cold station unit a and the end main control unit of the end unit B, respectively, or may be controlled by an integrated control unit. The control method provides an energy-saving control strategy by utilizing a compensation temperature difference principle, and not only can meet the requirement of energy-saving operation under 100% load, but also can give consideration to the energy-saving operation of increasing the evaporation temperature under partial load.
As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the present embodiment provides a control method in the hybrid refrigeration mode, where the ambient temperature is low, the liquid pump 5 needs to be operated to assist the system circulation, increase the supercooling degree, enhance the circulation power, and enhance the oil return or the motor cooling, and the control method includes:
controlling the rotating speed of a compressor 1 of the integrated cold station system according to the target evaporation temperature Te of the integrated cold station system at the current moment; the process is the same as the compressor cooling mode and is not described in detail.
Controlling the opening degree of a throttling device 7 of the integrated cold station system according to the target suction superheat degree of the integrated cold station system at the current moment; the process is the same as the compressor cooling mode and is not described in detail.
According to the target evaporation temperature Te and the indoor temperature T at the current momentinOutdoor temperature ToutAnd the total temperature difference Δ T required for the integrated cold station system, in combination with the formula Δ T ═ T (T)in-Tout) Calculating a target condensation temperature Tc at the current moment, converting the target condensation temperature Tc into a condensation pressure Pc, and controlling the condenser 3 of the integrated cold station system to work according to the condensation pressure Pc; the process is the same as the compressor cooling mode and is not described in detail.
The target evaporation temperature Te is converted into an evaporation pressure Pe, and the rotation speed of the liquid pump 5 is controlled according to the target difference between the condensation pressure Pc and the evaporation pressure Pe. Wherein the larger the target difference between the condensing pressure Pc and the evaporating pressure Pe, the larger the rotation speed of the liquid pump 5. The process realizes the frequency conversion control of the rotating speed of the liquid pump 5 and realizes energy conservation.
Controlling the flow of a freezing water pump 15 of the integrated cold station system according to the load factor of the integrated cold station system at the current moment; the process is the same as the compressor cooling mode and is not described in detail.
Controlling the opening degree of a water valve 16 corresponding to each evaporator 17 according to the load factor and the air outlet temperature of each evaporator 17 of the integrated cold station system; the process is the same as the compressor cooling mode and is not described in detail.
The rotation speed of the inner fan can be controlled according to the front-back pressure difference of the inner fan of the evaporator 17. The process is the same as the compressor cooling mode and is not described in detail.
In the above control method, the components in the cold station unit a and the components in the end unit B may be controlled by the cold station master unit of the cold station unit a and the end control unit of the end unit B, respectively, or may be controlled by an integrated control unit. The control method provides an energy-saving control strategy by utilizing a compensation temperature difference principle, and not only can meet the requirement of energy-saving operation under 100% load, but also can give consideration to the energy-saving operation of increasing the evaporation temperature under partial load.
As shown in fig. 6 and fig. 7, the present embodiment provides a control method in the liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode, where the ambient temperature is very low, and the compressor 1 does not need to be operated, and the liquid pump 5 is operated to drive the heat pipe to replace the compressor 1 for refrigeration, and the control method includes:
converting the target evaporation temperature Te of the integrated cold station system at the current moment into evaporation pressure Pe, obtaining the target condensation temperature Tc at the current moment according to the evaporation pressure Pe, converting the target condensation temperature Tc at the current moment into condensation pressure Pc, and controlling the condenser 3 to work according to the condensation pressure Pc. The target evaporation temperature Te is converted from the target inlet water temperature, and is corrected through the upper limit value of the water supply temperature, so that the final target evaporation temperature Te is obtained. Wherein the final target condensing temperature Tc is further required to be dependent on the outdoor temperature ToutAnd correcting the target condensation temperature Tc by the condensation temperature limit value so that the current target condensation temperature Tc does not exceed the condensation temperature limit value.
Controlling the rotating speed of a liquid pump 5 of the integrated cold station system according to a target difference value between the condensation pressure Pc and the evaporation pressure Pe; wherein the larger the target difference between the condensing pressure Pc and the evaporating pressure Pe, the larger the rotation speed of the liquid pump 5. The process realizes the frequency conversion control of the rotating speed of the liquid pump 5 and realizes energy conservation.
Controlling the flow of the chilled water pump 15 according to the load rate of the integrated cold station system at the current moment; the process is the same as the compressor cooling mode and is not described in detail.
The opening degree of the throttle device 7 of the integrated cold station system is controlled, and in one embodiment, the opening degree of the throttle device 7 of the integrated cold station system is controlled to be fully opened. Because the load factor is full load operation in the liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode, the opening degree of the throttling device 7 is fully opened to ensure the refrigeration requirement;
and controlling the opening degree of the water valve 16 corresponding to each evaporator 17 according to the load factor and the outlet air temperature of each evaporator 17 of the integrated cold station system. The process is the same as the compressor cooling mode and is not described in detail.
The rotation speed of the inner fan can be controlled according to the front-rear pressure difference of the inner fan of the evaporator 17. The process is the same as the compressor cooling mode and is not described in detail.
In the above control method, the components in the cold station unit a and the components in the end unit B may be controlled by the cold station master unit of the cold station unit a and the end control unit of the end unit B, respectively, or may be controlled by an integrated control unit. The control method provides an energy-saving control strategy by utilizing a compensation temperature difference principle, and not only can meet the requirement of energy-saving operation under 100% load, but also can give consideration to the energy-saving operation of increasing the evaporation temperature under partial load.
Further, the condenser 3 may be an air condenser, a water condenser, or an evaporative cooler. When the condenser 3 is an air condenser, in the three control methods of the refrigeration mode, the condenser 3 is controlled to work according to the condensation pressure Pc, specifically: and controlling the rotating speed of an outer fan of the air condenser according to the condensation pressure Pc, wherein the rotating speed of the outer fan is higher when the condensation pressure Pc is higher.
When the condenser 3 is a water condenser or an evaporative cooler, in the control methods of the three refrigeration modes, the condenser 3 of the integrated cold station system is controlled to work according to the condensation pressure Pc, specifically: and controlling the rotating speed of an outer fan or a cooling water pump of the condenser 3 according to the condensation pressure Pc, wherein the rotating speed of the outer fan is higher and the rotating speed of the cooling water pump is higher when the condensation pressure Pc is higher.
The following illustrates the specific operation of the three cooling modes:
in the compressor cooling mode, e.g. when the outdoor temperature T isoutAt 35 ℃ and room temperature TinAt 37 ℃, calculating the total temperature difference delta T required by the system under 100% load through the matching of the heat exchanger 8 and the evaporator 17 of the system, wherein the delta T is 35 ℃ for example;
the target evaporation temperature Te1 is 13 ℃ obtained by the water supply temperature of the tail end unit being 15 ℃, and the evaporation temperature limit value of 17 ℃ is checked by the load factor of 100%, the upper limit value of the evaporation temperature of the compressor 1 being 26 ℃ and the water supply temperature, so that the target evaporation temperature Te2 is 13 ℃ in a comprehensive manner and is used as the final target evaporation temperature Te.
At this time, the outdoor temperature ToutAt 35 ℃, according to the formula ═ T ═ Tc-Te) + (Tin-Tout) Calculating the target condensation temperature Tc1 at the moment to be 46 ℃, the compression ratio of a low-pressure ratio centrifugal compressor adopting R134a refrigerant is not limited to the condensation temperature, the pressure difference of R134a refrigerant is used for limiting 1.2bar (20 ℃), the compression ratio of a low-pressure ratio screw compressor adopting R134a refrigerant is used for limiting the condensation temperature to be higher than 20 ℃, the pressure difference of R134a refrigerant is used for limiting the condensation temperature to be higher than 20 ℃ (the compression ratio of a low-pressure ratio vortex or rotor of R410A is used for limiting the condensation temperature to be higher than 21 ℃, the pressure difference of R410A refrigerant is used for limiting the condensation temperature to be higher than 21 ℃), as the target condensation temperature Tc1 at the moment is 46 ℃ and exceeds the condensation temperature limit value, the rotating speed of an external fan of an air condenser at the moment is 100%, and if a water condenser or an evaporation cooler is adopted, the external fan or a cooling water pump can be selectively adjusted, at the moment, the outer fan runs by 100%, and the cooling water pump also runs by 100%;
at the moment, the expansion valve has 100% load, so that the target suction superheat degree is 4-6 ℃, and the opening degree of the expansion valve is adjusted;
the chilled water pump 15 takes 100% flow control due to 100% load;
the rotating speed of the inner fan of the evaporator 17 is controlled according to the pressure difference, the water valve 16 can adjust the load factor of the single evaporator 17, but the load factor needs to be limited by the outlet air temperature, for example, the outlet air temperature is set to be 22-24 ℃, and if the outlet air temperature exceeds the range, the outlet air temperature is preferentially controlled.
If the system demand load rate is not 100% but 75%, the outdoor temperature is kept unchanged, namely the condensation temperature Tc is still 46 ℃ at the moment, the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature are kept unchanged at the same time according to the total temperature difference delta T of the system under the 75% load rate, for example, 34 ℃, the target evaporation temperature Te1 is calculated to be 14 ℃ at the moment, and the target value of 14 ℃ is within a limited range, so that the rotating speed of the compressor 1 is controlled to achieve the target evaporation temperature Te of 14 ℃, further, the compressor 1 is operated at a higher evaporation temperature, and the energy efficiency of the system can be improved by more than 3% when the evaporation temperature of the compressor is improved by 1 ℃, so that the air conditioning system can be operated efficiently. And when the load is 75%, the target suction superheat degree of the expansion valve can be set to be 5-7 ℃, meanwhile, the load rate is 75%, the flow of the chilled water pump 15 can be adjusted, and the end load matching is realized.
In hybrid cooling mode, e.g. when the outdoor temperature T is highoutAt 15 ℃ and room temperature TinAt 37 ℃, calculating the current load rate by a set temperature T, such as 100%, and calculating the total temperature difference delta T required by the system under 100% load by the system, such as delta T being 34 ℃;
at this time, the outdoor temperature ToutThe target evaporation temperature Te1 is 13 ℃ obtained by the water supply temperature of the tail end unit being 15 ℃, the limit value of the evaporation temperature of the water supply temperature to the evaporation temperature is checked by the load factor being 100% and the upper limit value of the evaporation temperature of the compressor being 26 ℃, and the target evaporation temperature Te2 is obtained comprehensively and is used as the final target evaporation temperature Te.
According to the formula Δ T ═ Tc-Te) + (Tin-Tout) The target condensing temperature Tc1 at this time was calculated to be 25 ℃ while the compression ratio of the low pressure ratio centrifugal compressor using R134a refrigerant was not limited to the condensing temperature, the pressure difference using R134a refrigerant was limited to 1.2bar (20 ℃), and the compression ratio of the low pressure ratio screw compressor using R134a refrigerant was limited to the condensing temperatureThe temperature needs to be higher than 20 ℃, the pressure difference limiting condensation temperature of the R134a refrigerant needs to be higher than 20 ℃ (the low-pressure ratio vortex of the R410A refrigerant or the compression ratio of a rotor limits the condensation temperature to be higher than 21 ℃, and the pressure difference limiting condensation temperature of the R410A refrigerant needs to be higher than 21 ℃), so that the rotating speed of an outer fan of the air condenser is controlled to achieve the target condensation temperature Tc to be 25 ℃, if the water condenser or an evaporative cooler is adopted, the outer fan or a cooling water pump can be selectively adjusted, the speed of the outer fan is adjusted to achieve the target condensation temperature Tc to be 25 ℃, and the cooling water pump is also adjusted to achieve the condensation temperature Tc to be 25 ℃;
at the moment, the expansion valve has 100% load, so that the target suction superheat degree is 4-6 ℃, and the opening degree of the expansion valve is adjusted;
the chilled water pump 15 takes 100% flow control due to 100% load;
the rotating speed of the inner fan of the evaporator 17 is controlled according to the pressure difference, the water valve 16 can adjust the load factor of the single evaporator 17, but the load factor needs to be limited by the outlet air temperature, for example, the outlet air temperature is set to be 22-24 ℃, and if the outlet air temperature exceeds the range, the outlet air temperature is preferentially controlled.
If the system demand load rate is not 100% but 75%, the outdoor temperature is kept unchanged according to the total temperature difference delta T of the system under 75% load rate, such as 33 ℃, namely the target condensation temperature Tc is still 25 ℃, the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature are kept unchanged at the same time, the target evaporation temperature Te1 is calculated to be 14 ℃, and the target value of 14 ℃ is within a limited range, so that the rotating speed of the compressor 1 is controlled to achieve the target evaporation temperature Te of 14 ℃, further the operation of the compressor at higher evaporation temperature is achieved, and the energy efficiency of the system can be improved by more than 3% when the evaporation temperature of the compressor is improved by 1 ℃, so that the high-efficiency operation of the air conditioning system is achieved. When the load is 75%, the target suction superheat degree of the expansion valve can be 5-7 ℃, meanwhile, the load rate is 75%, the flow of the chilled water pump 15 can be adjusted, and the end load can be matched;
at the moment, the operation of the compression ratio of the compressor is low, the liquid pump 5 is required to operate to strengthen the functions of system oil return, compressor oil return and motor cooling, at the moment, the checked target evaporation temperature Te2 is converted into evaporation pressure Pe at 13 ℃, and the rotating speed of the liquid pump 5 is controlled by the target difference value of a preset value between the condensation pressure Pc and the evaporation pressure Pe, for example, between 1.0 and 2.0bar of R134a refrigerant and between 1.5 and 3.0bar of R410A refrigerant; at part load, e.g., 70% duty cycle, the control is similar to the compressor cooling mode.
In the liquid pump heat pipe cooling mode, for example, when the outdoor temperature T is higheroutAt 5 ℃ and room temperature TinAt 37 ℃, calculating the load rate at the time through the system, if the load rate is 100%, determining a target evaporation temperature Te through a target water supply temperature, if the load rate is 13 ℃, converting the rotating speed of the outdoor fan into the target evaporation temperature Te and an upper limit value of an air outlet temperature according to the target water inlet temperature to correct, converting the calculated evaporation pressure Pe into a condensation pressure Pc according to the check, controlling the rotating speed of the external fan of the air condenser, and simultaneously correcting the current outdoor temperature and a pressure limit value of the condensation pressure Pc to finally determine the rotating speed of the external fan, wherein the target evaporation temperature Te is 13 ℃ and is converted into the condensation pressure Pc, and the limiting value of the condensation pressure Pc is not exceeded but is close to the limiting value, so that the rotating speed of the external fan needs to be operated at a speed regulation;
controlling the rotation speed of the liquid pump 5 to operate according to the target difference value of the preset value between the condensation pressure Pc and the evaporation pressure Pe;
the expansion valve is now in a fully open state. The rotating speed of the inner fan of the evaporator 17 is controlled according to the pressure difference, the water valve 16 can adjust the load factor of the single evaporator 17, but the load factor needs to be limited by the outlet air temperature, for example, the outlet air temperature is set to be 22-24 ℃, and if the outlet air temperature exceeds the range, the outlet air temperature is preferentially controlled.
The invention also provides a control system of the integrated cold station system, which comprises a temperature detection module and a controller, wherein the temperature detection module is connected with the controller, the controller comprises a memory and a processor, the memory is used for storing programs, and the processor is used for executing the programs, so that the control method is realized: and controlling the integrated cold station system to switch the operation of a compressor refrigeration mode, a liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode and a mixed refrigeration mode according to the outdoor temperature.
The present invention also provides a storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the control method as described above: and controlling the integrated cold station system to switch the operation of a compressor refrigeration mode, a liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode and a mixed refrigeration mode according to the outdoor temperature.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (14)
1. A cold station unit is applied to an integrated cold station system comprising a tail end unit and is characterized by comprising a circulating refrigerant pipeline, and a compressor, a condenser, a liquid pump, a throttling device and a heat exchanger which are connected with the circulating refrigerant pipeline, wherein the circulating refrigerant pipeline is used for circulating a refrigerant medium, the compressor is connected with a first bypass pipeline in parallel, the liquid pump is connected with a second bypass pipeline in parallel, the compressor and the first bypass pipeline are alternatively switched on and off, and the liquid pump and the second bypass pipeline are alternatively switched on and off; the heat exchanger is communicated with a circulating chilled water pipeline of the tail end unit, and the circulating chilled water pipeline and the circulating refrigerant pipeline exchange heat in the heat exchanger.
2. The cold station unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first bypass line is provided with a first check valve, the circulating refrigerant line between the inlet and the outlet of the first bypass line is provided with a second check valve connected in parallel with the first check valve, and the first check valve and the second check valve have the same conduction direction and are both along the inlet to the outlet direction of the compressor; and/or
The second bypass pipeline is provided with a third one-way valve, the circulating refrigerant pipeline between the inlet and the outlet of the second bypass pipeline is provided with a fourth one-way valve connected with the third one-way valve in parallel, and the conduction directions of the third one-way valve and the fourth one-way valve are the same and are all along the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the liquid pump.
3. The cold station unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the compressor, the condenser, the liquid pump, the throttling device and the heat exchanger are connected in series in sequence, and a refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an inlet of the compressor.
4. The cold station unit of claim 1 or 2, further comprising an accumulator disposed in the circulating refrigerant line.
5. The cold station unit of claim 1, wherein the throttling device comprises an expansion valve.
6. An integrated cold station system, comprising:
the cold station unit of any one of claims 1-5;
the tail end unit comprises a circulating chilled water pipeline, a chilled water pump and at least one evaporator, wherein the chilled water pump and the at least one evaporator are arranged in the circulating chilled water pipeline, and chilled water circulates in the circulating chilled water pipeline.
7. The integrated cold station system of claim 6, wherein said integrated cold station system has at least one of the following modes:
a compressor cooling mode in which the compressor and the second bypass line are connected and the first bypass line and the liquid pump are disconnected;
a liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode, wherein in the liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode, the first bypass pipeline is communicated with the liquid pump, and the compressor is disconnected with the second bypass pipeline;
and a hybrid refrigeration mode in which the compressor and the liquid pump are on and the first bypass line and the second bypass line are off.
8. The integrated cold station system of claim 6 or 7, wherein said end unit further comprises a water valve, said end unit having one said evaporator or a plurality of said evaporators in parallel, the number of said water valves being greater than or equal to the number of said evaporators, each said evaporator being in series with at least one said water valve.
9. A control method of an integrated cold station system, based on the integrated cold station system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the control method is as follows: and controlling the integrated cold station system to switch the operation of a compressor refrigeration mode, a liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode and a mixed refrigeration mode according to the outdoor temperature.
10. The control method according to claim 9, wherein the controlling the integrated cold station system to switch the operation of the compressor cooling mode, the liquid pump heat pipe cooling mode and the hybrid cooling mode according to the outdoor temperature comprises: when the outdoor temperature Tout>At T1, controlling the integrated cold station system to operate the compressor refrigeration mode; when the outdoor temperature is T2-ToutWhen the temperature is less than or equal to T1, controlling the integrated cold station system to operate in a mixed refrigeration mode; when the outdoor temperature Tout<And at T2, controlling the integrated cold station system to operate a liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode, wherein T2 < T1.
11. The control method according to claim 9, characterized by comprising at least one of the following control methods corresponding to the cooling mode:
1) in the compressor cooling mode:
controlling the rotating speed of a compressor of the integrated cold station system according to the target evaporation temperature Te of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
controlling the opening degree of a throttling device of the integrated cold station system according to the target suction superheat degree of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
according to the target evaporation temperature Te and the indoor temperature T at the current momentinOutdoor temperature ToutAnd a total temperature difference Δ T required for said integrated cold station system, in combination with the formula Δ T ═ T (T)in-Tout) Calculating a target condensation temperature Tc at the current moment, converting the target condensation temperature Tc into a condensation pressure Pc, and controlling a condenser of the integrated cold station system to work according to the condensation pressure Pc;
controlling the flow of a chilled water pump of the integrated cold station system according to the load factor of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
controlling the opening degree of a water valve corresponding to each evaporator according to the load factor and the air outlet temperature of each evaporator of the integrated cold station system;
controlling the rotating speed of an inner fan of the evaporator according to the front-back pressure difference of the inner fan;
2) in the hybrid refrigeration mode:
controlling the rotating speed of a compressor of the integrated cold station system according to the target evaporation temperature Te of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
controlling the opening degree of a throttling device of the integrated cold station system according to the target suction superheat degree of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
according to the target evaporation temperature Te and the indoor temperature T at the current momentinOutdoor temperature ToutAnd a total temperature difference Δ T required for said integrated cold station system, in combination with the formula Δ T ═ T (T)in-Tout) + (Tc-Te) calculating a target condensing temperature Tc at the present time, converting the target condensing temperature Tc into a condensing pressure Pc, and controlling the integration according to the condensing pressure PcA condenser of the cold station system is operated;
converting the target evaporation temperature Te into an evaporation pressure Pe, and controlling the rotation speed of the liquid pump according to a target difference value between the condensation pressure Pc and the evaporation pressure Pe;
controlling the flow of a chilled water pump of the integrated cold station system according to the load factor of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
controlling the opening degree of a water valve corresponding to each evaporator according to the load factor and the air outlet temperature of each evaporator of the integrated cold station system;
controlling the rotating speed of an inner fan of the evaporator according to the front-back pressure difference of the inner fan;
3) under the liquid pump heat pipe refrigeration mode:
converting the target evaporation temperature Te of the integrated cold station system at the current moment into evaporation pressure Pe, obtaining the target condensation temperature Tc of the integrated cold station system at the current moment according to the evaporation pressure Pe, converting the target condensation temperature Tc of the integrated cold station system at the current moment into condensation pressure Pc, and controlling the condenser of the integrated cold station system to work according to the condensation pressure Pc;
controlling the rotating speed of a liquid pump of the integrated cold station system according to a target difference value between the condensation pressure Pc and the evaporation pressure Pe;
controlling the flow of a chilled water pump of the integrated cold station system according to the load factor of the integrated cold station system at the current moment;
controlling the opening degree of a throttling device of the integrated cold station system;
controlling the opening degree of a water valve corresponding to each evaporator according to the load factor and the air outlet temperature of each evaporator of the integrated cold station system;
and controlling the rotating speed of the inner fan according to the front-back pressure difference of the inner fan of the evaporator.
12. The control method according to claim 11, wherein when the condenser is an air condenser, the controlling of the condenser operation of the integrated cold station system according to the condensing pressure Pc includes: controlling the rotating speed of an outer fan of the air condenser according to the condensation pressure Pc;
when the condenser is a water condenser or an evaporative cooler, the controlling the condenser of the integrated cold station system according to the condensing pressure Pc includes: and controlling the rotating speed of an outer fan or a cooling water pump of the condenser according to the condensation pressure Pc.
13. A control system for an integrated cold station system, comprising a temperature detection module and a controller, wherein the temperature detection module is connected to the controller, and the controller comprises a memory for storing a program and a processor for executing the program to implement the control method according to any one of claims 9 to 12.
14. A storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the control method according to any one of claims 9-12.
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