CN113890587B - BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method - Google Patents
BDS short message-based vehicle safety information data exchange method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18513—Transmission in a satellite or space-based system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/03—Protecting confidentiality, e.g. by encryption
- H04W12/033—Protecting confidentiality, e.g. by encryption of the user plane, e.g. user's traffic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
- H04W4/14—Short messaging services, e.g. short message services [SMS] or unstructured supplementary service data [USSD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/90—Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
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- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle safety information data exchange method based on BDS short messages. The method provides a method reference for emergency rescue communication in case of communication base station faults or in case of emergency of vehicles. The method comprises the steps of establishing a vehicle safety information data model; defining a bit-by-bit coding mode of a vehicle safety information data model; vehicle safety information communication physical topology based on BDS short message. The invention has the advantages that: the vehicle safety information digital service based on BDS short message communication is realized, and the special functions of the BDS short message in the field of emergency rescue are fully exerted; the established vehicle safety information data model has expandability, and can provide data exchange mode reference for the construction of the domestic vehicle-mounted emergency call system; the message structure of the bit-based compact coding mode greatly compresses the data transmission quantity, and can effectively improve the communication efficiency of BDS short messages.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of traffic safety guarantee, in particular to a vehicle safety information data exchange method based on BDS short messages.
Background
With the rapid development of 4G and 5G wireless transmission technologies, mass communication is increasingly convenient. However, satellite communication is an extremely important contact when a base station is damaged or paralyzed due to power supply failure, natural disasters, war, etc. The Beidou satellite navigation system (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, BDS for short) is a global satellite navigation system which is independently researched and developed in China, has navigation, positioning and time service functions, and simultaneously supports unique two-way short message communication service. The short message bidirectional communication capability comprises point-to-point bidirectional interaction and point-to-multipoint unidirectional transmission, and can be used for transmitting information to another party or a plurality of people while locating a user, so that the locating and communication functions can be effectively combined. The BDS short message has good communication link performance and high data transmission success rate, and can ensure interactive communication under normal, unexpected or special environments. In addition, when traffic accidents occur and emergency rescue is needed, on-site personnel generally alarm through telephone. However, under the condition that people are in confusion and even lose consciousness, it is difficult to ensure that help seeking information is timely and accurately sent out in a dictation mode.
In order to cope with the above situation, there is a need to optimize the vehicle communication method and the traffic accident emergency rescue means. When the communication base station fails or the vehicle encounters an emergency, the vehicle can automatically or actively trigger the BDS short message communication function through a user to call for help. The rescue center can obtain important data of the emergency scene based on BDS short message help-seeking information, so that rescue actions can be timely and accurately carried out, the accident scene can be reached quickly, and casualties are reduced to the greatest extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a vehicle safety information data exchange method based on BDS short messages, which provides a method reference for calling for help and transmitting necessary rescue information for the vehicle in an emergency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a vehicle safety information data exchange method based on BDS short message includes the following steps:
s1, establishing a vehicle safety information data model; analyzing the type of the safety information element of the vehicle, designing an element attribute structure and a relation model, establishing a safety information data model of the vehicle by means of UML modeling language, and unifying data structures; the unified data structure is convenient for the rescue center to decode and analyze after receiving the information, so that rescue actions can be timely and accurately carried out.
S2, defining a bit-by-bit coding mode of a vehicle safety information data model; the method comprises the steps of extracting information elements from a data model, defining a bit coding mode of the information elements, determining a specific exchange format and information length, exchanging a vehicle-end BDS short message sending end and a rescue center information receiving end based on a unified data format, and analyzing semantic and grammar rules of exchange information.
S3, vehicle safety information communication physical topology based on BDS short messages; the vehicle end BDS short message transmitting end encrypts and transmits a data packet containing communication content and an information receiver ID to a Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite forwards the data packet to a Beidou ground central station; the data packet is processed by the Beidou ground central station and then is sent to the Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite broadcasts the data packet to the corresponding information receiving end.
In the vehicle safety information data exchange method based on the BDS short message, in step S1, the vehicle safety information element type includes a header, a body, and an appendant. The content of the safety information of the vehicle is comprehensive, so that rescue workers can know more information conveniently, and the development of rescue actions is facilitated.
In the vehicle safety information data exchange method based on the BDS short message, the header comprises an index number; the index number is composed of a year and an index number and is a unique identifier for the rescue center to retrieve vehicle safety information.
In the vehicle safety information data exchange method based on the BDS short message, the text comprises reporting time, vehicle position, license plate information, personnel number and event type; the reporting time is composed of year, month, day, hour, minute and second, and is represented by Beijing time; the vehicle position is represented by a coordinate point, and the coordinate point is composed of longitude and latitude; the license plate information consists of a code number and a license plate number of a motor vehicle registration mechanism; the number of people represents the number of people that need rescue. The text content is detailed, and the details of the event can be effectively summarized.
In the vehicle safety information data exchange method based on the BDS short message, the supplementary notes comprise supplementary notes, the contents of the supplementary notes are optional, the general attribute description of the supplementary notes is a complex attribute, the multiplicity is 0 or more, and the attribute is optional.
In the vehicle safety information data exchange method based on the BDS short message, the index number is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; reporting time is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; vehicle position is a simple attribute and multiplicity is 1; license plate information is simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the number of people is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; event type is a simple attribute and multiplicity is 1 or more.
In the vehicle safety information data exchange method based on the BDS short message, in step S2, the vehicle safety information exchange format is the coding format of the vehicle safety information in the transmission process, namely the communication protocol of the user layer.
In the vehicle safety information data exchange method based on the BDS short message, the data transmission protocol of the vehicle information transmitting end follows the RDSS protocol. The RDSS transmission protocol can carry out special treatment on the vehicle safety information load data transmission format, namely, simplifying the message and compressing the coding format, and improving the communication efficiency of BDS short messages by compressing the data according to the bit compact coding format.
In the vehicle safety information data exchange method based on the BDS short message, the length of an index number information occupied byte is 37 bits, the length of a reporting time information occupied byte is 33 bits, the length of a vehicle position information occupied byte is 49 bits, the length of a license plate information occupied byte is 72 bits, the length of a personnel number information occupied byte is 7b bits, and the length of an event type information occupied byte is 8 bits.
In the vehicle safety information data exchange method based on the BDS short message, the event types are divided into navigation faults, vehicle damage and personnel injury, wherein each attribute value is 0 or 1,0 represents none, and 1 represents none; the total length of the payload of the vehicle safety information message is 206 bits.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the vehicle safety information digital service based on BDS short message communication is realized, the special function of the BDS short message in the field of emergency rescue is fully exerted, the established vehicle safety information data model has expandability, the data exchange mode reference can be provided for the construction of a domestic vehicle-mounted emergency call system, meanwhile, the data transmission quantity is greatly compressed according to the message structure of the bit compact coding mode, and the communication efficiency of the BDS short message can be effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a vehicle safety information data model in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a vehicle security information transmission process of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a rescue flow chart based on the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a vehicle safety information data exchange method based on BDS short messages includes the following steps:
s1, establishing a vehicle safety information data model; analyzing the type of the safety information element of the vehicle, designing an element attribute structure and a relation model, establishing a safety information data model of the vehicle by means of UML modeling language, and unifying data structures; by establishing the vehicle safety information data model, the rescue center can perform decoding analysis after receiving the information, so that rescue actions can be timely and accurately carried out.
S2, defining a bit-by-bit coding mode of a vehicle safety information data model; the method comprises the steps of extracting information elements from a data model, defining a bit coding mode of the information elements, determining a specific exchange format and information length, exchanging a vehicle-end BDS short message sending end and a rescue center information receiving end based on a unified data format, and analyzing semantic and grammar rules of exchange information. The information units which cannot be subdivided are called as information elements, and only the changed information elements are required to be converted when data exchange is carried out, so that the data exchange efficiency can be effectively improved; and the vehicle safety information load data coding object is the vehicle safety information message. Therefore, 6 information elements are extracted according to the characteristics of the vehicle safety information message in the vehicle safety information data model, so that a vehicle safety information message structure is defined.
S3, vehicle safety information communication physical topology based on BDS short messages; the vehicle end BDS short message transmitting end encrypts and transmits a data packet containing communication content and an information receiver ID to a Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite forwards the data packet to a Beidou ground central station; the data packet is processed by the Beidou ground central station and then is sent to the Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite broadcasts the data packet to a corresponding information receiving end (namely a rescue center). And when the rescue center information receiving end receives the data packet and decrypts the data packet, the one-time communication process is completed.
Obviously, in step S1, the vehicle safety information element type includes a header, a body, and an attached language.
Visually, the header includes an index number; the index number is composed of a year and an index number and is a unique identifier for the rescue center to retrieve vehicle safety information. The year is [2021,2121], the index number is [000000001-999999999], and the index number is exemplified by '2021000000001', which represents the first reporting event in 2021.
Further, the text comprises reporting time, vehicle position, license plate information, personnel number and event type; the reporting time is composed of year, month, day, hour, minute and second, the value range of year is [2021,2121], and the reporting time is expressed by adopting a time stamp mode; the vehicle position is represented by a coordinate point, and the coordinate point is composed of longitude and latitude; the license plate information consists of a code number of a motor vehicle registration mechanism and a number plate number, and characters are encoded by UTF-8; the number of people represents the number of people that need rescue. Reporting time is as follows: 1631591671, 2021, 9, 14, 11, 54 minutes and 31 seconds; longitude is expressed as DDD-mm.mme, latitude is expressed as DD-mm.mmn, DDD and DD representatives, mm.mm represents integer and decimal places of the fraction, for example: 120-75.00E 30-75.00N, then expressed as 120 deg. east longitude 75 deg. and 30 deg. north latitude 75'; the code number of the motor vehicle registration mechanism has 2 digits and consists of 1 Chinese character and 1 English letter; the number plate number has 5-bit character number, and is composed of Arabic numerals or Arabic numerals and English letters.
Wherein the appendix includes supplementary notes, the supplementary notes are optional, the appendix general attribute notes are complex attributes, the multiplicity is 0 or more, and the attributes are optional.
Further, the index number is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; reporting time is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; vehicle position is a simple attribute and multiplicity is 1; license plate information is simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the number of people is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; event type is a simple attribute and multiplicity is 1 or more.
Specifically, in step S2, the vehicle security information exchange format is a coding format of the vehicle security information during transmission, that is, a communication protocol of the user layer.
More specifically, the data transmission protocol of the vehicle information transmitting end follows the RDSS protocol. The communication bandwidth of the third generation BDS short message is about 14000 bits, and because the BDS short message has limited communication broadband capacity, the invention carries out special treatment on the vehicle safety information load data transmission format based on the RDSS protocol followed by BDS short message data transmission, namely simplifies the message and the compression coding format, and improves the communication efficiency of the BDS short message by compressing the data according to the bit compact coding format.
In detail, the index number information occupies a byte length of 37 bits, the reporting time information occupies a byte length of 33 bits, the vehicle position information occupies a byte length of 49 bits, the license plate information occupies a byte length of 72 bits, the personnel number information occupies a byte length of 7 bits, the event type information occupies a byte length of 8 bits, and the personnel number value range is [1,70].
Preferably, event types are classified into navigation failure, vehicle damage, and personnel injury, each attribute value of 0 or 1,0 representing none, 1 representing one; the total length of the payload of the vehicle safety information message is 206 bits. For example: 011, the event type indicating that the user calls for help is normal navigation, vehicle damage and personnel injury; if the information length is insufficient, the corresponding number of bits are complemented.
In summary, the principle of this embodiment is as follows: and constructing a vehicle safety information data model by UML, wherein the data model comprises elements and element attribute characteristics, the elements are aggregated by one or more element attributes, then, information elements are extracted from the data model, the bit-by-bit coding mode of the information elements is defined, the specific message exchange format and the message length are determined, and based on the uniform vehicle safety information data exchange format, a rescue center correctly interprets distress information expressed by BDS short messages and carries out rescue. The detailed steps are as follows:
1. the vehicle end BDS short message transmitting end encrypts and transmits a data packet containing communication content and an information receiver ID to a Beidou satellite;
2. the Beidou satellite forwards the data packet to a Beidou ground central station;
3. the data packet is processed by the Beidou ground central station and then is sent to the Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite broadcasts the data packet to a corresponding information receiver, namely a rescue center;
4. and the rescue center receives the data packet for decryption and then rescue.
The vehicle-end BDS short message transmitting end supports all-weather BDS two-way message communication, and can receive information transmitted by a vehicle controller, wherein the information comprises license plate information, positioning information and personnel information; when abnormal conditions occur in the running process of the vehicle, such as communication faults and the occurrence of collision of the vehicle to start the safety airbag, the system can automatically trigger BDS short message emergency call or trigger call through a manual button, in the case, the vehicle and a nearby rescue center are in short message communication connection, and after the communication connection is established, the vehicle safety information index number, the reporting time, the vehicle position, license plate information, the number of people and event type data are transmitted to the rescue center and are interpreted.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. The vehicle safety information data exchange method based on the BDS short message is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a vehicle safety information data model; analyzing the type of the safety information element of the vehicle, designing an element attribute structure and a relation model, establishing a safety information data model of the vehicle by means of UML modeling language, and unifying data structures;
s2, defining a bit-by-bit coding mode of a vehicle safety information data model; extracting information elements from the data model, defining a bit coding mode of the information elements, determining a specific exchange format and an information length, exchanging a vehicle-end BDS short message transmitting end and a rescue center information receiving end based on a unified data format, and analyzing semantic and grammar rules of the exchange information;
s3, vehicle safety information communication physical topology based on BDS short messages; the vehicle end BDS short message transmitting end encrypts and transmits a data packet containing communication content and an information receiver ID to a Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite forwards the data packet to a Beidou ground central station; the data packet is processed by the Beidou ground central station and then is sent to the Beidou satellite, and the Beidou satellite broadcasts the data packet to the corresponding information receiving end.
2. The method for exchanging vehicle safety information data based on BDS short message according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the type of the vehicle safety information element includes a header, a body, and an annex.
3. The vehicle safety information data exchange method based on BDS short message according to claim 2, wherein the header includes an index number; the index number is composed of a date and an index number and is used for a rescue center to search for a unique identifier of the vehicle safety information.
4. The vehicle safety information data exchange method based on BDS short messages according to claim 3, wherein the text comprises reporting time, vehicle position, license plate information, personnel number and event type; the reporting time is composed of year, month, day, hour, minute and second, and is represented by Beijing time; the vehicle position is represented by a coordinate point, and the coordinate point consists of longitude and latitude; the license plate information consists of a license plate number and a license plate number of a motor vehicle registration mechanism; the number of people represents the number of people needing rescue.
5. A vehicle safety information data exchange method based on BDS short message according to claim 3, wherein the supplementary notes include supplementary notes, the contents of the supplementary notes are optional, the general attribute notes of the supplementary notes are complex attributes, the multiplicity is 0 or more, and the attributes are optional.
6. The vehicle safety information data exchange method based on BDS short messages according to claim 4, wherein the index number is simple attribute and the multiplicity is 1; the reporting time is of simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the vehicle position is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the license plate information is of simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the number of the personnel is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1; the event type is a simple attribute, and the multiplicity is 1 or more.
7. The method for exchanging vehicle safety information data based on BDS short message according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the vehicle safety information exchange format is a coding format of the vehicle safety information in the transmission process, that is, a communication protocol of a user layer.
8. The vehicle safety information data exchange method based on BDS short message according to claim 7, wherein the data transmission protocol of the vehicle information transmitting end follows RDSS protocol.
9. The vehicle safety information data exchange method based on BDS short message according to claim 4, wherein the index number information occupies a byte length of 37 bits, the reporting time information occupies a byte length of 33 bits, the vehicle position information occupies a byte length of 49 bits, the license plate information occupies a byte length of 72 bits, the personnel number information occupies a byte length of 7 bits, and the event type information occupies a byte length of 8 bits.
10. The vehicle safety information data exchange method based on BDS short messages according to claim 9, wherein the event types are classified into navigation failure, vehicle damage and personnel injury, wherein each attribute value is 0 or 1,0 represents none, and 1 represents none; the total length of the payload of the vehicle safety information message is 206 bits.
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