CN113883213A - Combined shock absorber based on metal rubber and working method thereof - Google Patents
Combined shock absorber based on metal rubber and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113883213A CN113883213A CN202111167069.XA CN202111167069A CN113883213A CN 113883213 A CN113883213 A CN 113883213A CN 202111167069 A CN202111167069 A CN 202111167069A CN 113883213 A CN113883213 A CN 113883213A
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- shock absorber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
- F16F2224/02—Materials; Material properties solids
- F16F2224/025—Elastomers
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a combined shock absorber based on metal rubber and a working method thereof, wherein the combined shock absorber comprises an upper cover plate and a shell, wherein the shell is positioned below the upper cover plate and provided with an upward opening; set up a plurality of radial spouts with vertical bumper shock absorber position one-to-one on the base, be equipped with horizontal damping mechanism in the radial spout, horizontal damping mechanism includes horizontal metal rubber buffer block, slider, horizontal metal rubber damping post and compound dish spring, is connected with the upper end between slider and the upper cover plate and puts the damping shock absorber to one side towards middle slope, puts the damping shock absorber lower extreme to one side and articulates on the slider, the upper end articulates in upper cover plate downside central point and puts. The combined shock absorber based on the metal rubber adopts a multistage shock absorption mode, has good shock absorption and energy absorption effects, can bear large impact, and prevents the shock absorber from being damaged due to failure caused by the large impact; the service life of the shock absorber is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vibration reduction of instrument and equipment, in particular to a combined vibration reducer based on metal rubber and a working method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of industrial technology, the vibration reduction and isolation requirements of equipment and instruments are more and more large, and the severe change of the external environment causes that the required vibration absorber needs to have a better service life while meeting the vibration reduction performance, so that the long-term and effective use of the vibration-isolated object is ensured.
Most of the current common shock absorbers are spring shock absorbers or rubber shock absorbers, and the shock absorbers have the defects of poor damping performance, easy aging and the like. The metal rubber is a novel damping vibration attenuation material and has the characteristics of long service life, high and low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a combined type shock absorber based on metal rubber and a working method thereof, wherein the combined type shock absorber is long in service life, good in damping performance and capable of bearing large impact.
The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme: a combined shock absorber based on metal rubber comprises an upper cover plate and a shell, wherein the shell is positioned below the upper cover plate and provided with an upward opening, a base is arranged at the bottom in the shell, and a plurality of vertical shock absorbers which are uniformly distributed around along the circumferential direction are connected between the base and the upper cover plate; the base is provided with a plurality of radial sliding grooves which correspond to the vertical shock absorbers one by one, horizontal shock absorption mechanisms are arranged in the radial sliding grooves and comprise horizontal metal rubber buffer blocks, sliding blocks, horizontal metal rubber damping columns and composite disc springs which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction, inclined damping shock absorbers with the upper ends inclined towards the middle are connected between the sliding blocks and the upper cover plate, and the lower ends of the inclined damping shock absorbers are hinged to the sliding blocks, and the upper ends of the inclined damping shock absorbers are hinged to the center of the lower side of the upper cover plate.
Furthermore, a first baffle is clamped between the composite disc spring and the horizontal metal rubber damping column, a horizontal spring is sleeved outside the horizontal metal rubber damping column, and two ends of the horizontal spring are respectively abutted to the first baffle and the sliding block.
Further, the vertical shock absorber comprises a vertical barrel with an upper opening, a vertical metal rubber damping column is arranged at the bottom in the vertical barrel, a vertical push rod is arranged above the vertical metal rubber damping column, the upper end of the vertical push rod is pushed out of the upper end of the vertical barrel to push against the upper cover plate, the lower end of the vertical push rod is fixedly connected with a second baffle, the upper end of the vertical metal rubber damping column is abutted to the second baffle, a vertical shock absorbing spring sleeved on the periphery of the vertical push rod is further arranged in the vertical barrel, and two ends of the vertical shock absorbing spring are respectively abutted to the upper end in the second baffle and the vertical barrel.
Further, the inclined damping shock absorber comprises an inclined cylinder with an opening at the upper end, an inclined metal rubber column is arranged at the bottom in the inclined cylinder, an inclined pressure rod is arranged above the inclined metal rubber column, the upper end of the inclined pressure rod penetrates out of the upper end of the inclined cylinder and then pushes against the upper cover plate, the lower end of the inclined pressure rod is fixedly connected with a third baffle plate, the upper end of the inclined metal rubber column is abutted against the third baffle plate, an inclined metal rubber sleeve sleeved outside the inclined pressure rod is further arranged in the inclined cylinder, and two ends of the inclined metal rubber sleeve are respectively abutted against the third baffle plate and the inner upper end of the inclined cylinder; the inclined metal rubber column is sleeved with an inclined spring, and two ends of the inclined spring are respectively abutted to the bottom in the inclined cylinder and the third baffle.
Furthermore, a metal rubber cushion pad is arranged at the bottom of the base.
Furthermore, the vertical shock absorbers, the radial sliding grooves and the inclined damping shock absorbers are four in number, the center of the lower side of the upper cover plate is fixedly connected with a cross-shaped connecting block for hinging the inclined damping shock absorbers, and the upper side of the sliding block is fixedly connected with a U-shaped connecting block for hinging the inclined damping shock absorbers.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in the working method of the combined shock absorber based on the metal rubber, when small impact load is borne, the vertical shock absorber compresses to absorb energy; when the impact load is increased, the vertical shock absorber and the inclined damping shock absorber compress to jointly act to absorb energy; when the impact load continues to increase, the upper cover plate compresses the vertical shock absorber and the inclined damping shock absorber, pushes the horizontal slider to move outwards along the radial direction through the inclined damping shock absorber, compresses the composite disc spring, the horizontal metal rubber damping column and the horizontal spring, and the vertical damping shock absorption structure, the inclined damping shock absorption structure and the horizontal shock absorption structure act together to absorb energy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the combined shock absorber based on the metal rubber has reasonable design and strong practicability, adopts a multi-stage shock absorption mode, has good damping and shock absorption performance, can bear larger shock, and prevents the shock absorber from being damaged due to failure caused by the larger shock; and metal rubber is adopted as a damping vibration attenuation material, so that the service life of the vibration absorber is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the canted damping shock absorber according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cross connector block in an embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1-upper cover plate, 101-upper threaded hole, 2-annular cover plate, 3-shock absorber shell, 301-lower threaded hole, 4-vertical push rod, 5-vertical shock-absorbing spring, 6-vertical metal rubber damping column, 7-base, 8-cross connecting block, 9-oblique damping shock absorber, 901-oblique compression bar, 902-oblique metal rubber sleeve, 904-oblique metal rubber column, 904-oblique spring, 10-U connecting block, 11-sliding block, 12-horizontal metal rubber buffer block, 13-metal rubber buffer pad, 14-composite disc spring, 15-first baffle, 16-horizontal metal rubber damping column, 17-horizontal spring and 18-vertical shock absorber.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a combined vibration damper based on metal rubber comprises an upper cover plate 1 and a shell 2 with an upward opening below the upper cover plate 1, wherein a base 7 is arranged at the bottom inside the shell 2, and a plurality of vertical vibration dampers 18 are uniformly distributed around the periphery of the base 7 and the upper cover plate 1 in the circumferential direction; the base 7 is provided with a plurality of radial sliding grooves which correspond to the vertical shock absorbers one by one, a horizontal shock absorption mechanism is arranged in each radial sliding groove and comprises a horizontal metal rubber buffer block 12, a sliding block 11, a horizontal metal rubber damping column 16 and a composite disc spring 14 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction, an inclined damping shock absorber 9 with the upper end inclined towards the middle is connected between the sliding block 16 and the upper cover plate 1, the lower end of the inclined damping shock absorber 9 is hinged to the sliding block 11, and the upper end of the inclined damping shock absorber 9 is hinged to the central position of the lower side of the upper cover plate 1; when the combined shock absorber bears a small impact load, the vertical shock absorber 18 can compress and absorb energy, when the impact load is increased, the vertical shock absorber 18 and the inclined damping shock absorber 9 act together to absorb shock in the vertical direction, and when the impact load is continuously increased, the inclined damping shock absorber 9, the vertical shock absorber 18 and the horizontal shock absorbing mechanism act together to absorb energy, so that the shock absorber is prevented from being damaged due to failure caused by large impact; by adopting a multi-stage vibration reduction mode, the defect that the traditional vibration reduction support cannot bear larger impact is greatly improved.
In this embodiment, a first baffle 15 is sandwiched between the composite disc spring 14 and a horizontal metal rubber damping column 16, a horizontal spring 17 is sleeved outside the horizontal metal rubber damping column, and two ends of the horizontal spring are respectively abutted against the first baffle 15 and the slider 11; when the upper cover plate 1 is impacted in a larger vertical direction, the inclined damping shock absorber 9 drives the horizontal sliding block to move, so that the horizontal spring 17, the horizontal metal rubber damping column 16 and the composite disc spring 14 play a role in damping; the horizontal metal rubber buffer block 12 can effectively reduce the impact of the horizontal sliding block on the vibration reduction support base when the impact is removed instantaneously.
In this embodiment, vertical shock absorber 18 includes the vertical barrel of upper end trompil, the bottom is equipped with perpendicular metal rubber damping post 6 in the vertical barrel, and perpendicular metal rubber damping post 6 top is equipped with perpendicular push rod 4, the upper end of perpendicular push rod 4 is wearing out the back by vertical barrel upper end and is pushing up upper cover plate 1, and the perpendicular push rod lower extreme has linked firmly the second baffle, and the looks butt of perpendicular metal rubber damping post 6 upper end and second baffle still is equipped with the overcoat in the vertical barrel and is pushing up outlying perpendicular damping spring 5 at perpendicular push rod, perpendicular damping spring 5 both ends respectively with second baffle and vertical barrel in upper end looks butt.
In this embodiment, the inclined damping vibration absorber 9 includes an inclined cylinder with an opening at the upper end, an inclined metal rubber column 903 is arranged at the bottom in the inclined cylinder, an inclined pressing rod 901 is arranged above the inclined metal rubber column 903, the upper end of the inclined pressing rod 901 is pushed against the upper cover plate 1 after penetrating through the upper end of the inclined cylinder, the lower end of the inclined pressing rod is fixedly connected with a third baffle, the upper end of the inclined metal rubber column 903 is abutted against the third baffle, an inclined metal rubber sleeve 902 externally sleeved on the periphery of the inclined pressing rod is further arranged in the inclined cylinder, and two ends of the inclined metal rubber sleeve 902 are respectively abutted against the third baffle and the inner upper end of the inclined cylinder; an inclined spring 904 is sleeved outside the inclined metal rubber column, and two ends of the inclined spring are respectively abutted against the bottom in the inclined cylinder body and the third baffle; the inclined damping shock absorber 9 can absorb the impact in the vertical direction through the inclined spring and the inclined metal rubber column, meanwhile, the inclined damping shock absorber 9 can effectively convert the vertical impact into the impact in the horizontal direction, and the impact is absorbed through the spring-metal rubber-disc spring structure in the horizontal direction, so that the defect that the traditional shock absorption support cannot bear large impact is greatly overcome; the inclined damping shock absorber 9 and the vertical shock absorber 18 are in a parallel structure, when bearing small impact load, the vertical shock absorber 18 can absorb energy through compression of metal rubber and a spring, when the impact load is increased, the vertical shock absorber 18 and the inclined damping shock absorber 9 act together to absorb shock in the vertical direction, when the impact load continues to be increased, the inclined damping shock absorber 9, the vertical shock absorber 18 and the horizontal shock absorbing mechanism act together to absorb energy, and the shock absorber is prevented from being damaged due to failure caused by large impact.
Compared with the traditional spring vibration damping support or rubber vibration damping support, the metal rubber is adopted as the main damping vibration damping material and has the excellent characteristics of high and low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, radiation resistance and the like, and the metal rubber is prepared from metal wires, so that when the metal rubber is pressed, the metal wires in the metal rubber generate extrusion friction and other phenomena, and the energy loss effect is realized. Therefore, the combined shock absorber can be well adapted to different severe environments, the service life of the shock absorber is greatly prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced; the problems that a traditional rubber shock absorber is poor in damping performance, easy to age and limited in use condition are solved, the problem that a spring shock absorber is poor in damping performance is solved, the metal rubber and the spring are coordinated into a whole by utilizing the damping performance characteristic of the metal rubber, the negative stiffness characteristic of the disc spring is utilized, a multi-stage shock absorption mode is adopted, and the damping shock absorption requirements of the shock absorption support are effectively met.
In this embodiment, a metal rubber buffer 13 is disposed at the bottom of the base 7, so as to effectively absorb energy in the vertical direction.
In this embodiment, the number of the vertical shock absorbers 18, the number of the radial sliding grooves and the number of the inclined damping shock absorbers 9 are four, the center of the lower side of the upper cover plate is fixedly connected with a cross-shaped connecting block 8 for hinging the inclined damping shock absorbers, and the upper side of the sliding block is fixedly connected with a U-shaped connecting block 10 for hinging the inclined damping shock absorbers.
In this embodiment, the upper cover plate and the shell are both circular, and the upper end of the shell is provided with an annular cover plate; the edge part of the upper cover plate is provided with a plurality of upper threaded holes 101 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and can be connected with the object to be isolated through bolts; a flange is arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the shell, a plurality of lower threaded holes 301 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the flange, and the flange can be connected with a vibration isolator through bolts.
During installation, certain pretightening force is respectively arranged between the vertical shock absorber 18 and the inclined damping shock absorber 9 and between the upper cover plate 1 and the base, and certain pretightening force is also arranged between the horizontal sliding block and the horizontal metal rubber buffer block as well as between the horizontal sliding block and the horizontal spring, so that the whole damping support can achieve pretightening force. After the vibration reduction support is arranged on a vibration-isolated object, when the vibration-isolated object receives small impact, the impact is transmitted to the vertical shock absorber 18 and the inclined damping shock absorber 9 through the upper cover plate 1, and the damping shock absorption structure has good damping shock absorption characteristics, so that small impact energy can be absorbed.
In the working method of the combined shock absorber based on the metal rubber, when small impact load is borne, the vertical shock absorber compresses to absorb energy; when the impact load is increased, the vertical shock absorber and the inclined damping shock absorber compress to jointly act to absorb energy; when the impact load continues to increase, the upper cover plate compresses the vertical shock absorber and the inclined damping shock absorber, the inclined damping shock absorber pushes the horizontal sliding block to move outwards along the radial direction, the composite disc spring, the horizontal metal rubber damping column and the horizontal spring are compressed, the vertical damping shock absorption structure, the inclined damping shock absorption structure and the horizontal shock absorption structure act together to absorb energy, the high-damping high-rigidity characteristic of the shock absorber is well met, the shock absorber can be rapidly recovered to an initial stable state by rapidly absorbing the impact energy, and meanwhile, when the shock is instantaneously removed, the horizontal metal rubber buffer block can also well protect the base from bearing excessive shock, so that the long-term stable work of the base is ensured.
Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
If the invention discloses or relates to parts or structures which are fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated.
Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A combined shock absorber based on metal rubber is characterized in that: the shock absorber comprises an upper cover plate and a shell which is positioned below the upper cover plate and has an upward opening, wherein a base is arranged at the bottom in the shell, and a plurality of vertical shock absorbers which are uniformly distributed around the base along the circumferential direction are connected between the base and the upper cover plate; the base is provided with a plurality of radial sliding grooves which correspond to the vertical shock absorbers one by one, horizontal shock absorption mechanisms are arranged in the radial sliding grooves and comprise horizontal metal rubber buffer blocks, sliding blocks, horizontal metal rubber damping columns and composite disc springs which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction, inclined damping shock absorbers with the upper ends inclined towards the middle are connected between the sliding blocks and the upper cover plate, and the lower ends of the inclined damping shock absorbers are hinged to the sliding blocks, and the upper ends of the inclined damping shock absorbers are hinged to the center of the lower side of the upper cover plate.
2. The metal-rubber based combined vibration damper according to claim 1, wherein: a first baffle is clamped between the composite disc spring and the horizontal metal rubber damping column, a horizontal spring is sleeved outside the horizontal metal rubber damping column, and two ends of the horizontal spring are respectively abutted to the first baffle and the sliding block.
3. The metal-rubber based combined vibration damper according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical shock absorber comprises a vertical barrel with an upper end provided with a hole, a vertical metal rubber damping column is arranged at the bottom in the vertical barrel, a vertical push rod is arranged above the vertical metal rubber damping column, the upper end of the vertical push rod penetrates out of the upper end of the vertical barrel to push against the upper cover plate, the lower end of the vertical push rod is fixedly connected with a second baffle, the upper end of the vertical metal rubber damping column is abutted to the second baffle, a vertical shock absorbing spring sleeved on the periphery of the vertical push rod is further arranged in the vertical barrel, and the two ends of the vertical shock absorbing spring are respectively abutted to the upper end in the second baffle and the vertical barrel.
4. The metal-rubber based combined vibration damper according to claim 1, wherein: the inclined damping shock absorber comprises an inclined barrel with a hole at the upper end, an inclined metal rubber column is arranged at the bottom in the inclined barrel, an inclined pressure rod is arranged above the inclined metal rubber column, the upper end of the inclined pressure rod penetrates out of the upper end of the inclined barrel and then pushes against the upper cover plate, the lower end of the inclined pressure rod is fixedly connected with a third baffle plate, the upper end of the inclined metal rubber column is abutted against the third baffle plate, an inclined metal rubber sleeve sleeved outside the inclined pressure rod is further arranged in the inclined barrel, and two ends of the inclined metal rubber sleeve are respectively abutted against the third baffle plate and the inner upper end of the inclined barrel; the inclined metal rubber column is sleeved with an inclined spring, and two ends of the inclined spring are respectively abutted to the bottom in the inclined cylinder and the third baffle.
5. The metal-rubber based combined vibration damper according to claim 1, wherein: and a metal rubber buffer pad is arranged at the bottom of the base.
6. The metal-rubber based combined vibration damper according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical shock absorbers, the radial sliding grooves and the inclined damping shock absorbers are four in number, a cross-shaped connecting block for hinging the inclined damping shock absorbers is fixedly connected to the center of the lower side of the upper cover plate, and a U-shaped connecting block for hinging the inclined damping shock absorbers is fixedly connected to the upper side of the sliding block.
7. A method of operating the metal rubber-based combined vibration damper as recited in claim 2, wherein: when bearing smaller impact load, the vertical shock absorber compresses to absorb energy; when the impact load is increased, the vertical shock absorber and the inclined damping shock absorber compress to jointly act to absorb energy; when the impact load continues to increase, the upper cover plate compresses the vertical shock absorber and the inclined damping shock absorber, pushes the horizontal slider to move outwards along the radial direction through the inclined damping shock absorber, compresses the composite disc spring, the horizontal metal rubber damping column and the horizontal spring, and the vertical damping shock absorption structure, the inclined damping shock absorption structure and the horizontal shock absorption structure act together to absorb energy.
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CN115653380A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-01-31 | 中国电建集团山东电力建设第一工程有限公司 | Modular energy consumption assembly type structure for power transmission tower |
CN115727084A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-03 | 福州大学 | Shock absorber with automatic resetting and limiting functions and working method thereof |
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CN115727084A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-03 | 福州大学 | Shock absorber with automatic resetting and limiting functions and working method thereof |
CN115653380A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-01-31 | 中国电建集团山东电力建设第一工程有限公司 | Modular energy consumption assembly type structure for power transmission tower |
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