CN113882205A - Flat-lying type heating and warming frost heaving prevention device and roadbed thereof - Google Patents
Flat-lying type heating and warming frost heaving prevention device and roadbed thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113882205A CN113882205A CN202111390036.1A CN202111390036A CN113882205A CN 113882205 A CN113882205 A CN 113882205A CN 202111390036 A CN202111390036 A CN 202111390036A CN 113882205 A CN113882205 A CN 113882205A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/06—Methods or arrangements for protecting foundations from destructive influences of moisture, frost or vibration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/90—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
- F24S10/95—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation having evaporator sections and condenser sections, e.g. heat pipes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a lying type heating and temperature-increasing frost heaving prevention device and a roadbed thereof, and relates to the technical field of engineering construction in seasonal frozen soil areas. The horizontal heating and warming anti-frost heaving device comprises a heat collecting unit and a heat collecting pipe, wherein the heat collecting unit is arranged on one side of the roadbed and comprises a protection bottom plate and a superconducting heat pipe arranged on the protection bottom plate; the heat collecting pipe comprises a heat absorption section and a heat release section which are mutually communicated, wherein the heat absorption section is in lap joint with the superconducting heat pipe, the heat release section is used for being inserted into the roadbed, the superconducting heat pipe is used for absorbing solar energy and transferring heat to the heat absorption section to heat the heat absorption section, the heat absorption section is used for transferring the absorbed heat to the heat release section, and the heat release section is used for heating the roadbed, so that the roadbed is always in net heat absorption, the internal heat is continuously accumulated, the roadbed is heated evenly and flatly, and the purpose of generating engineering diseases such as frost heaving, uneven fluctuation and the like of the roadbed in a frozen soil area in seasons is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction of seasonal frozen soil areas, in particular to a horizontal heating and temperature-increasing frost heaving prevention device and a roadbed thereof.
Background
The Qinghai-Tibet railway is located in northeast of Qinghai-Tibet plateau at West section of Qinghai-Tibet railway, railway lines pass through coastal plain, alluvial plain and ice plain terrace of North of Qinghai lake, the average altitude is 3220m, the average annual precipitation amount is 376mm, the precipitation distribution is uneven, most of the precipitation is concentrated in 7-9 months, the average annual temperature is-0.6 ℃, and the average temperature in the coldest month is-20.6 ℃. The Qinghai-Tibet railway West section has cold climate, strong freezing capability and larger freezing depth, the maximum freezing depth can reach 1.8m, and the Qinghai-Tibet railway West section belongs to a typical frozen soil area in deep seasons. Therefore, the engineering diseases such as roadbed frost heaving, thaw collapse and the like caused by freezing and thawing are relatively serious.
In recent years, due to the continuous increase of rainfall capacity of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, the enrichment of underground water and the increase of underground water level are caused, and the further increase of freeze-thaw engineering diseases in the region is caused by the aggravation of climate environment change, so that the long-term stability of the roadbed is greatly influenced. Although the research is carried out on the roadbed diseases under the engineering action of the seasonal frozen soil area, the research is mainly carried out on the problems of the micro frost heaving engineering action and influence of the roadbed and the like under the working condition of the highway engineering or the high-speed railway in the northeast, the northwest and other areas. But the research on the development characteristics and the distribution rule of the diseases of the freeze-thaw engineering under the special conditions of high water level, coarse filler, strong freeze-thaw and the like of the west grid section of the Qinghai-Tibet railway is lacked. The methods of coarse particle replacement, chemical grouting, waterproof curtain and the like used in the conventional areas are limited by engineering conditions that trains normally run, construction cannot be interrupted and the like, and are strongly influenced by freezing and thawing of soil bodies, so that the treatment parts are cracked, the whole lower part of a roadbed is difficult to seal, and the methods are difficult to meet the actual engineering requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flat-lying type heating and warming anti-frost heaving device and a roadbed thereof, which can utilize solar energy and convert the solar energy into heat energy to be transmitted to the roadbed, and effectively avoid engineering diseases such as roadbed frost heaving, uneven fluctuation and the like in a seasonal frozen soil area through flat heating of the roadbed and key freeze-thaw regulation and control of parts of the roadbed easy to frost heaving.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a lying type heating and warming anti-frost heaving device, comprising:
the heat collection unit is arranged on one side of the roadbed and comprises a protection bottom plate and a superconducting heat pipe arranged on the protection bottom plate;
the heat collecting pipe comprises a heat absorbing section and a heat releasing section which are communicated with each other, wherein the heat absorbing section is in lap joint with the superconducting heat pipe, the heat releasing section is used for being inserted into the roadbed, the superconducting heat pipe is used for absorbing solar energy and transferring heat to the heat absorbing section to heat the heat absorbing section, the heat absorbing section is used for transferring the absorbed heat to the heat releasing section, and the heat releasing section is used for heating the roadbed.
The lying type heating and warming frost heaving prevention device provided by the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
1. the heat collecting unit absorbs solar energy and transfers heat to the heat absorbing section to heat the heat absorbing section, the heat releasing section is inserted into the roadbed, the heat absorbed by the heat absorbing section of the heat collecting pipe is transferred to the heat releasing section, the roadbed is heated by the heat releasing section, so that the roadbed is always in net heat absorption, and the internal heat is continuously accumulated, so that the roadbed is heated evenly and flatly, and the aim of generating engineering diseases such as frost heaving, uneven fluctuation and the like of the roadbed in a seasonal frozen soil area is fulfilled;
2. the horizontal heating and warming frost heaving prevention device is simple in structural form, does not need to adopt a power element and self-circulation, is installed in a complex environment in the field, is not prone to failure, and has good stability.
In an alternative embodiment, the heat collection unit further comprises:
and the heat absorption coating covers the upper surfaces of the protection bottom plate and the superconducting heat pipe.
Therefore, the heat absorption coating can improve the sunlight absorption rate of the heat collection unit and improve the heating efficiency of the heat collection unit on the heat absorption section.
In an alternative embodiment, the heat collection unit further comprises:
and the hollow light-transmitting plate is arranged above the protective bottom plate and the superconducting heat pipe, and heat-insulating gas is filled in the hollow light-transmitting plate.
Like this, because the light transmissivity of cavity light-passing board can not reduce the absorption efficiency of collecting unit to the sunlight, moreover, under the condition that does not have sunlight irradiation collecting unit night, cavity light-passing board has certain heat preservation effect because inside packing has heat preservation gas, can reduce the calorific loss of collecting unit at night.
In an alternative embodiment, the heat collection unit further comprises:
the sun shading turning plate is arranged above the hollow light-transmitting plate in a turnable way.
Therefore, the area of sunlight irradiating the hollow light-transmitting plate can be controlled by adjusting the angle of the sun shading turning plate, in hot seasons, the sunlight is strong, in order to avoid excessive heat absorption of the heat collection unit, boiling of an internal working medium and influence on the stability of the device, a small included angle can be formed between the sun shading turning plate and the top surface of the hollow light-transmitting plate, most of sunlight is shielded, the heat absorption capacity of the heat collection unit is reduced, in cold seasons, the sunlight is weak, in order to guarantee the heat absorption efficiency of the heat collection unit, a large included angle can be formed between the sun shading turning plate and the top surface of the hollow light-transmitting plate, or the sun shading turning plate is basically parallel to the irradiation direction of the sunlight, the top surface of the hollow light-transmitting plate can receive the irradiation of the sunlight as much as possible, and the heat absorption efficiency of the hollow light-transmitting plate is improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the heat collecting pipe is in a T-shaped structure, and the heat releasing section is vertically connected to the middle of the heat absorbing section.
Therefore, the distance from each point on the heat absorbing section to the heat releasing section is shorter, and the heat transfer efficiency from the heat absorbing section to the heat releasing section can be improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the heat collecting pipe is a linear structure, and the heat releasing section is connected to the end of the heat absorbing section and is positioned on the same straight line.
Therefore, the heat collecting pipe is simple in structural form, convenient to install and good in stability.
In an alternative embodiment, the heat releasing section is a circular tube, and the heat absorbing section is an oval tube or a special-shaped tube with the upper and lower surfaces being flat and the left and right surfaces being cambered surfaces.
Therefore, the heat release section can uniformly heat substances around the roadbed, the surface area of the heat release section is large, the heating efficiency is high, the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat absorption section are more conveniently lapped with the superconducting heat pipe, the contact area is large, and the heat transfer efficiency is high.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a lying type heating, warming, frost-proof and bloating resistant roadbed, which comprises a roadbed and the lying type heating, warming, frost-proof and bloating resistant device of any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein a heat collecting unit is installed at one side of the roadbed, and a heat release section of a heat collecting pipe is inserted into the roadbed.
Therefore, the heat accumulation and the temperature inside the roadbed are always kept in a positive temperature state, and the aims of preventing roadbed freezing, roadbed frost heaving and engineering diseases are fulfilled.
In an alternative embodiment, the bed-side heating and warming anti-frost-heaving roadbed further comprises:
and the bottom filling is filled below the heat collecting unit and used for supporting the heat collecting unit.
Therefore, the installation of the heat collecting unit and the heat collecting pipe is convenient, and the installation stability of the device can be improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the bed-side heating and warming anti-frost-heaving roadbed further comprises:
the heat preservation baffle is arranged on the slope surface of the roadbed.
Like this, the heat preservation baffle can prevent that the inside heat of road bed scatters and disappears, effectively guarantees the inside thermal retention of road bed at the change in-process round clock.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is an overall front view schematically illustrating a first horizontal heating, warming, anti-frost and anti-swelling roadbed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic overall top view of a first flatbed heating, warming, anti-frost and anti-frost roadbed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the heat collecting pipe in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a right side view of the heat collecting pipe in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat collecting unit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the heat collecting unit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view illustrating the heat collecting unit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat absorption section of a superconducting heat pipe and a heat collecting pipe in a lap joint manner;
FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a heat absorption section of a superconducting heat pipe and a heat collecting pipe in a lap joint manner;
fig. 10 is a schematic front view of a second flatly-laid heating and warming anti-frost heaving roadbed according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic top view of a second flatly-laid heating and warming anti-frost heaving roadbed according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the heat collecting pipe in FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a right side view of the heat collecting pipe in FIG. 10;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of the overlapping form of the superconducting heat pipe and the heat absorbing segment of fig. 10;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a simulated geothermal field in winter of 1 month and 15 days in the current year after heat collecting pipes are arranged.
Icon: 100-lying type heating, temperature increasing, frost heaving preventing and roadbed; 110-roadbed; 111-an embankment; 112-ballast layer; 120-filling soil at the bottom; 130-heat preservation baffle; 140-thermal insulation material; 150-a lying type heating, temperature-increasing and anti-freezing expansion device; 151-heat collecting pipe; 152-a heat absorption section; 153-heat release section; 154-a heat collecting unit; 155-protective base plate; 156-a superconducting heat pipe; 157-a heat absorbing coating; 158-hollow light-transmitting plate; 159-Sun shade flap.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings or that the product of the present invention is used as it is, this is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The embodiment of the invention is provided aiming at the key scientific and technological problems in subgrade frost heaving, and the aims of controlling temperature and preventing and controlling subgrade frost heaving are achieved by the device provided by the embodiment of the invention starting from the subgrade temperature in three indispensable essential elements of water, soil and temperature generated by subgrade frost heaving.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a lying type heating, temperature-increasing, frost-proof and bloating-proof roadbed 100, wherein the lying type heating, temperature-increasing, frost-proof and bloating-proof roadbed 100 comprises a roadbed 110, bottom filling 120, heat-insulating baffles 130, heat-insulating materials 140 and a lying type heating, temperature-increasing, frost-proof and bloating-proof device 150. The roadbed 110 includes an embankment 111 and a ballast layer 112 laid on the embankment 111.
The heat preservation baffle 130 is arranged on the negative slope surface of the railway ballast layer 112, can cover the whole negative slope surface of the railway ballast layer 112, and can be fixed through the anchor rod. In other embodiments, the thermal barrier 130 may also be consolidated by covering the outer surface of the thermal barrier 130 with a thin layer of soil or other material. The heat-insulating baffle 130 can be made of building rock wool heat-insulating material or an integrated heat-insulating plate.
The heat-insulating baffle 130 is made of a cement fiber board or a prefabricated cement thin board and is mainly paved on the slope surface outside the railway ballast layer 112 from the toe to the height of 2/3. The heat-insulating baffle 130 has a certain gravity, has good stability, can be simply fixed at the lower end, and has a free end at the upper end, so as to prevent cold carried by strong wind in winter from entering the interior of the railway ballast layer 112 of porous medium, and reduce the heat transferred outside from the roadbed 110 through the railway ballast layer 112.
The thermal insulation material 140 is arranged on the part, exceeding the ballast layer 112, of the embankment 111, namely on the road shoulder, the thermal insulation material 140 can be made of ethylene foam plastic, the thickness of the thermal insulation material can be 10cm, and the thermal insulation material 140 can be buried in the 10cm position of the lower part of the road shoulder in a shallow mode, so that the heat loss of the embankment 111 is reduced.
The bottom filling 120, the heat insulation material 140 and the heat insulation baffle 130 are all arranged on the same side of the roadbed 110, the filling height of the bottom filling 120 is 0m-2m, the filling gradient is 1:1.5, and the top surface of the filling inclines at an angle of 1% -2%.
The heat collecting unit 154 is arranged on the bottom filling 120, the heat collecting pipe 151 comprises a heat absorbing section 152 and a heat releasing section 153 which are communicated with each other, wherein the heat absorbing section 152 is in lap joint with the heat collecting unit 154, the heat releasing section 153 is used for being inserted into the roadbed 110, the heat collecting unit 154 is used for absorbing solar energy and transferring heat to the heat absorbing section 152 so as to heat the heat absorbing section 152, the heat absorbing section 152 is used for transferring the absorbed heat to the heat releasing section 153, the heat releasing section 153 is used for heating the roadbed 110, so that the roadbed 110 is always in net heat absorption, the internal heat is continuously accumulated, the roadbed 110 is heated evenly and flatly, and the purpose of generating engineering diseases such as frost heaving, uneven fluctuation and the like of the roadbed 110 in a season frozen soil area is achieved.
When the heat collecting unit 154 is installed, an included angle of less than 5 degrees is kept between one end of the heat collecting unit 154 and the ground, so that the dust deposited on the upper part of the heat collecting unit 154 is smoothly taken away in the rainfall process, and the possibility of influencing the heat collecting efficiency of the heat collecting unit 154 is reduced.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the heat collecting pipe 151 has a T-shaped structure, and the heat releasing section 153 is vertically connected to the middle of the heat absorbing section 152. Thus, the heat transfer efficiency from the heat absorbing section 152 to the heat radiating section 153 can be improved because the distance from each point on the heat absorbing section 152 to the heat radiating section 153 is short.
The heat releasing section 153 is a circular tube, and the heat absorbing section 152 is an oval tube or a special-shaped tube with upper and lower surfaces being flat surfaces and left and right surfaces being arc surfaces. In this way, the heat releasing section 153 can uniformly heat the surrounding substances in the roadbed 110, and the heat releasing section 153 has a large surface area and high heating efficiency, and the upper and lower surfaces of the heat absorbing section 152 are more conveniently lapped with the heat collecting unit 154, and have a large contact area and high heat transfer efficiency.
The heat radiation section 153 of the heat collecting pipe 151 is inserted from the range between the toe and the top of the embankment 111, the insertion direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the embankment 111, and an upward included angle is formed from the outside to the inside of the embankment 111, and the included angle ranges from 0 degrees to 10 degrees. The heat absorbing section 152 of the heat collecting pipe 151 is overlapped with the heat collecting unit 154, and the direct heating can respond to the temperature change of the heat collecting unit 154 in time. The length of the heat collecting pipe 151 can be determined according to the frost heaving disease control requirement. Therefore, the heat collecting pipes 151 are conveniently installed in the embankment 111, the drilling depth is small, the quantity is small, the original engineering structure of the embankment 111 cannot be changed, the stability of the original embankment 111 is guaranteed, the construction process does not influence the normal running of a train, and the difficult problem of engineering construction under the condition of meeting the running condition of the train is effectively solved.
Referring to fig. 5 to 7, the heat collecting unit 154 includes a protective bottom plate 155, a super heat conducting pipe 156, a heat absorbing coating 157, a hollow transparent plate 158 and a sun shading flap 159, which are sequentially disposed from bottom to top.
Specifically, the superconducting heat pipe 156 is fixed on the protective base plate 155, the heat absorbing coating is uniformly coated on the surface layers of the superconducting heat pipe 156 and the protective base plate 155 to form a heat absorbing coating 157, the hollow light-transmitting plate 158 is arranged on the upper portion of the heat absorbing coating 157, and the sun shading turning plate 159 is fixed above the hollow light-transmitting plate 158.
The protection bottom plate 155 is made of a material having excellent low radiation and rust prevention properties, such as aluminum, copper, stainless steel, etc., and mainly serves as a carrier of the heat absorbing coating 157 and protects the entire heat collecting unit 154.
The superconducting heat pipe 156 is an ultra-thin (thickness less than 0.5cm) micro heat pipe array efficient heat conducting plate, also called micro heat pipe array, has the functions of a common heat pipe, has certain flexibility, can be bent freely within a certain range, and has more excellent performance, one end of one side of the superconducting heat pipe 156 extends 10cm-15cm outwards relative to the protective base plate 155 so as to be conveniently lapped with the heat collecting pipe 151, and is mainly used for absorbing heat generated by the heat absorbing coating 157 and transferring the heat to the heat collecting pipe 151.
The heat absorbing coating 157 is formed by brushing heat absorbing paint with solar energy absorption rate higher than 90%, excellent heat resistance and aging resistance and good adhesiveness to the protective base plate 155, and is mainly used for absorbing solar heat and increasing the temperature of the heat collecting unit 154. Thus, the heat absorbing coating 157 can improve the sunlight absorption rate of the heat collecting unit 154 and improve the heating efficiency of the heat collecting unit 154 to the heat absorbing section 152.
The hollow light-transmitting plate 158 is a sunlight plate material with good daylighting performance and heat preservation performance, the number of layers and the thickness of the hollow light-transmitting plate can be specifically determined according to the field condition and the actual requirement, and the hollow light-transmitting plate is mainly used for collecting and transmitting sunlight, plays a role in preserving heat for the heat collection unit 154 and improves the heat collection efficiency. In this way, because the light transmission of the hollow light-transmitting plate 158 does not reduce the absorption efficiency of the heat collecting unit 154 to sunlight, and in addition, under the condition that no sunlight irradiates the heat collecting unit 154 at night, the hollow light-transmitting plate 158 has a certain heat preservation effect because the interior is filled with heat preservation gas, and can reduce the heat loss of the heat collecting unit 154 at night.
A sun shade flap 159 is pivotably mounted above the hollow light-transmitting panel 158. The sun shading turning plate 159 is made of a high-reflectivity matte material, and mainly has the main effects that when a hot season comes, the sun shading turning plate can shade sunlight firstly, and the phenomenon that the temperature of the heat collecting unit 154 is too high to cause the internal temperature of the embankment 111 and the ballast layer 112 to be too high, so that adverse effects or secondary disasters are caused is avoided. Second, its sun-shading effect may serve to protect the hollow light-transmitting plate 158, thereby extending the working life of the hollow light-transmitting plate 158.
In addition, the area of the hollow light-transmitting plate 158 irradiated by sunlight can be controlled by adjusting the angle of the solar shading turning plate 159, the sunlight is stronger in hot seasons, in order to avoid excessive heat absorption of the heat collection unit 154 and boiling of internal working medium, which affect the stability of the device, the angle of the solar shading turning plate 159 relative to the top surface of the hollow light-transmitting plate 158 can be controlled to be smaller, so as to shade most of sunlight and reduce the heat absorption capacity of the heat collection unit 154, in cold seasons, the sunlight is weaker, in order to ensure the heat absorption efficiency of the heat collection unit 154, the angle of the solar shading turning plate 159 relative to the top surface of the hollow light-transmitting plate 158 can be controlled to be larger, or the solar shading turning plate 159 is basically parallel to the irradiation direction of the sunlight, so that the top surface of the hollow light-transmitting plate 158 can receive the irradiation of the sunlight as much as possible, and the heat absorption efficiency of the hollow light-transmitting plate 158 can be improved.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a 10cm-15cm portion of one end of the superconducting heat pipe 156 is directly connected to the upper surface of the heat absorbing section 152 of the heat collecting pipe 151, and the two are fixed together by a heat conductive silica gel and a metal member. A plurality of superconducting heat pipes 156 are evenly spaced and lapped on the heat absorbing section 152, and the superconducting heat pipes 156 are substantially perpendicular to the heat absorbing section 152. Of course, in other embodiments, one end of the superconducting heat pipe 156 may be connected to the lower surface of the heat absorbing section 152.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the present embodiment further provides another flatbed heating, warming, anti-frost heaving device and a roadbed thereof, which has substantially the same structure as the former one, except that the heat collecting pipe 151 has a different structural form.
Referring to fig. 12 and 13, the heat collecting pipe 151 is a linear structure, and the heat releasing section 153 is connected to the end of the heat absorbing section 152 and located on the same straight line. The heat releasing section 153 is a circular tube, and the heat absorbing section 152 is an oval tube or a special-shaped tube with upper and lower surfaces being flat surfaces and left and right surfaces being arc surfaces. Thus, the heat collecting pipe 151 has a simple structural form, is convenient to install, and has good stability.
Referring to fig. 14, the superconducting heat pipe 156 has at least three overlapping joints with the heat sink section 152.
The first form of lap joint: a 10cm-15cm portion of one end of the superconducting heat pipe 156 is directly connected to the upper surface of the heat absorbing section 152, and the superconducting heat pipe 156 is fixed to the upper surface of the heat absorbing section 152 by a heat conductive silica gel and a metal member, and then the superconducting heat pipe 156 is bent from a portion not in contact with the heat absorbing section 152, and the bending angle is determined according to the diameter of the heat absorbing section 152.
The second type of lap joint: the 10cm-15cm part of one end of the superconducting heat pipe 156 is directly connected with the lower surface of the heat absorbing section 152, and the superconducting heat pipe 156 and the heat absorbing section are fixed together through the heat conducting silica gel and the metal component, and meanwhile, the overlapping mode does not need to be bent.
The third form of lap joint: the superconducting heat pipes 156 are connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat absorbing section 152, the superconducting heat pipes 156 connected to the upper surface of the heat absorbing section 152 still need to be bent, and the superconducting heat pipes 156 connected to the lower surface of the heat absorbing section 152 do not need to be bent.
The embodiment of the invention provides a lying type heating and temperature-increasing frost heaving prevention device and a roadbed thereof, and the working principle is as follows: when the cold season comes, the solar shading flap 159 is opened, sunlight enters the heat collecting unit 154 when the sunlight exists in the daytime, the sunlight penetrates through the hollow light-transmitting plate 158 and is absorbed by the heat absorbing coating 157, and therefore heat in the heat collecting unit 154 is gathered and the temperature is increased. With the temperature rise of the surface and the inside of the superconducting heat pipe 156, the working medium in the superconducting heat pipe 156 vaporizes and absorbs heat, the vaporous working medium is continuously condensed and releases heat at the lap joint of the superconducting heat pipe 156 and the heat absorption section 152 of the heat collecting pipe 151 under the action of temperature difference and pressure difference, then the liquid working medium in the superconducting heat pipe 156 returns to the solar heat absorption section 152 of the superconducting heat pipe 156 under the action of capillary force and gravity, and the above process is repeated. The heat absorbed by the heat absorbing end of the heat collecting pipe 151 is transferred to the superconducting heat pipe 156, the working medium in the heat absorbing section 152 of the heat collecting pipe 151 is rapidly vaporized, the vapor working medium in the heat collecting pipe 151 rises to the heat releasing section 153 of the heat collecting pipe 151 under the action of temperature difference and pressure difference, and is condensed and released at the heat releasing section 153 of the heat collecting pipe 151, and is converted into liquid working medium, so that the heat is transferred to the embankment 111 and the ballast layer 112, the heat in the embankment 111 and the ballast layer 112 is continuously accumulated, and the purpose of preventing and treating frost heaving diseases is achieved. When no solar energy is available at night, the heat collecting unit 154 stops working, and the hollow light-transmitting plate 158 has a certain heat preservation effect due to the existence of the internal air layer, so that the heat loss of the heat collecting unit 154 at cold night can be reduced.
The installation process of the lying type heating and warming frost heaving prevention device 150 provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, inserting a heat release section 153 of a heat gathering pipe 151 into a roadbed 110, positioning a heat absorption section 152 of the heat gathering pipe 151 on a slope surface of an embankment 111, then filling soil 120 at the bottom, overlapping a heat collection unit 154 with one end of a super heat conduction plate extending outwards by 10cm-15cm with the heat absorption section 152 of the heat gathering pipe 151, namely fixing the heat collection unit 154 and the embankment 111 in parallel, and finally respectively paving a heat preservation baffle plate and heat preservation materials 140 at the positions of a ballast layer 112 and a road shoulder.
In order to verify the regulation and control efficiency of the lying type heating and temperature-increasing frost heaving prevention device and the roadbed thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention, numerical simulation calculation under the action of engineering measures is carried out by combining the field geological conditions of the Qinghai lake section of the Qinghai-Tibet railway.
Example (c): on the slope surface at one side of the shadow slope of the roadbed at the ring lake section of the Qinghai-Tibet railway with the height of a ballast layer 112 of 1.3m, the height of a embankment 111 of 1.8m and the width of the top surface of 12m, the filling height of bottom filling 120 is set to be 1.7m, the length of the bottom filling 120 is 3.5m, the filling slope is 1:1.5, a heat gathering pipe 151 is basically and horizontally inserted into the roadbed 110 on the upper surface of the bottom filling 120, a heat releasing section 153 of the heat gathering pipe 151 is 6m long and is completely inserted into the embankment 111, and a heat absorbing section 152 of the heat gathering pipe 151 is 3m long and is directly fixed on the upper surface of the bottom filling 120. The ballast layer 112 is paved with a heat insulation baffle plate with the size of 1m multiplied by 0.1m, and the heat insulation material 140 is paved on the road shoulder and the part without the heat collection unit 154 on the bottom filling 120 with the thickness of 0.1 m. In the heating system setting, the heat transfer capacity of the heat collecting pipe 151 is loaded in the form of linear heat flow, and the heat convection coefficient is calculated according to the 1/3 value of the common heat pipe.
Under the working condition, at 10 months and 25 days, the surface layer of the roadbed in the Qinghai lake section of the Qinghai-Tibet railway begins to freeze, at the moment, the heat-gathering pipe 151 begins to work, and at 1 month and 15 days in winter in the current year, a simulated calculation ground temperature map for laying the heat-gathering pipe 151 is shown in fig. 15, so that (1) from the ground temperature value, the ground temperature of most regions of the roadbed 110 is in a positive temperature state, most of the ballast layers 112 and the embankment 111 are basically in relatively high regions on the negative slope side of the roadbed 110, the freezing depth of the slope foot of the embankment 111 on the positive slope side of the roadbed 110 is larger, but on the whole, the heat heated on the negative slope side is transmitted to the positive slope side, the whole temperature on the positive slope side is improved, for the road surface, the ballast layers 112 basically have no water, and the negative temperature does not generate frost heaving, so the measure can completely eliminate the influence of frost heaving of the roadbed 110; (2) in the aspect of the morphological characteristics of the ground temperature field, the ground temperature contour lines are horizontal and parallel to each other, especially the isothermal lines at 0 ℃ are distributed smoothly, namely the freezing area and the normal temperature area are parallel to each other, wherein the freezing area is distributed on the upper part of the roadbed 110 in a small amount and in a thin layer line, and is uniformly and symmetrically distributed, so that the difficult problem of frozen soil engineering can be effectively solved.
The lying type heating and temperature-increasing frost heaving prevention device and the roadbed thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention have the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the existing grouting engineering technology, the flat-lying type heating and warming anti-frost-heaving device and the roadbed thereof provided by the embodiment have the advantages that firstly, the heat-collecting pipe 151 extends from the lower part of the embankment 111 to the interior of the embankment 111 in a roughly horizontal direction and mainly covers most of the area at the bottom of the embankment 111, compared with the existing grouting engineering that holes are drilled downwards vertically, the number of drilled holes and the depth of the drilled holes can be reduced, secondly, the existing grouting engineering can change the engineering structure of the roadbed 110, mainly changes the thermal property of the embankment 111 in the embodiment, and mainly acts on the area where water is enriched and expands in volume after being frozen in the embankment 111 without changing the original engineering structure of the embankment 111;
2. compared with the prior electric heating engineering technology, the prior electric heating engineering heats the roadbed 110 by an electric heating measure inside the roadbed 110, external power supply is required, special power lines are required to be built and laid, not only is a large amount of power resources consumed every year, but also the operation and maintenance cost of the internal electronic electric heating system is high when the electronic electric heating system breaks down under the field use condition, the lying type heating and warming frost heaving prevention device and the roadbed thereof provided by the embodiment have no external power energy and self-circulation, the aim of heating the embankment 111 is fulfilled by fully utilizing locally abundant solar energy resources, the energy is saved, and the device is green and environment-friendly;
in conclusion, compared with the prior art, the lying type heating, warming and frost heaving prevention device and the roadbed thereof provided by the embodiment have remarkable progress, realize control of freeze-thaw key elements in the diseases of the embankment in the seasonal frozen soil area, achieve the effect of getting twice with half the effort, realize horizontal balanced and symmetrical distribution of the equivalent line of the earth temperature of the embankment, eliminate the difference influence of thermal coupling of the embankment, and further enhance the stability of the mechanical field of the embankment. The method effectively avoids the generation of engineering diseases such as uneven frost heaving, longitudinal cracking and the like of the embankment, particularly the wide embankment, and ensures the long-term stability of the embankment, so the embodiment of the invention has outstanding scientificity and advancement.
In the aspect of stability, the heat collecting unit 154 in the embodiment adopts a plate type heat collecting mode, so that the stability of the whole device in severe windy environment in the west of China is improved, the gravity center of the heat collecting unit 154 is reduced, the forming and increasing of the whole thermal cycle thrust of the device are facilitated, and the smooth and efficient work of the whole cycle and heat exchange process is ensured.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a flat formula of lying adds heat and prevents frostbite and bloated device which characterized in that, flat formula of lying adds heat and prevents frostbite and bloated device includes:
the heat collecting unit (154) is installed on one side of the roadbed (110), and the heat collecting unit (154) comprises a protective bottom plate (155) and a superconductive heat pipe (156) installed on the protective bottom plate (155);
gather heat pipe (151), including heat absorption section (152) and heat release section (153) that communicate each other, wherein, heat absorption section (152) with superconductive heat pipe (156) overlap joint, heat release section (153) are used for inserting inside the road bed (110), superconductive heat pipe (156) are used for absorbing solar energy, and transfer heat extremely heat absorption section (152) with heat is heated heat absorption section (152), heat absorption section (152) are used for with the heat absorption to heat release section (153), heat release section (153) are used for heating road bed (110).
2. The lying-down heating, warming and frost-proof device of claim 1, wherein said heat collecting unit (154) further comprises:
and the heat absorption coating (157) covers the upper surfaces of the protective base plate (155) and the superconductive heat pipe (156).
3. The lying-down heating, warming and frost-proof device of claim 1, wherein said heat collecting unit (154) further comprises:
and the hollow light-transmitting plate (158) is arranged above the protective bottom plate (155) and the superconducting heat pipe (156), and heat-insulating gas is filled in the hollow light-transmitting plate (158).
4. The lying-down heating, warming and frost-proof device of claim 3, wherein said heat collecting unit (154) further comprises:
and the solar shading turning plate (159) is arranged above the hollow light-transmitting plate (158) in a turnable way.
5. The lying-type heating, temperature-increasing and anti-frost-heaving device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat-collecting pipe (151) is a T-shaped structure, and the heat-releasing section (153) is vertically connected to the middle of the heat-absorbing section (152).
6. The lying-type heating, temperature-increasing and anti-frost-heaving device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat-collecting pipe (151) is a linear structure, and the heat-releasing section (153) is connected to the end of the heat-absorbing section (152) and is located on the same straight line.
7. The lying type heating, warming and anti-frost-heaving device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the heat releasing section (153) is a circular tube, and the heat absorbing section (152) is an oval tube or a special tube with upper and lower surfaces being flat and left and right surfaces being cambered surfaces.
8. A lying-type heating, warming, frost-proof and bloating-proof roadbed, which comprises a roadbed (110) and the lying-type heating, warming, frost-proof and bloating-proof device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heat collecting unit (154) is installed on one side of the roadbed (110), and the heat radiating section (153) of the heat collecting pipe (151) is inserted into the roadbed (110).
9. The lying-type heating and warming frost heaving prevention roadbed according to claim 8, further comprising:
and a bottom fill (120) filled below the heat collecting unit (154) for supporting the heat collecting unit (154).
10. The lying-type heating and warming frost heaving prevention roadbed according to claim 8, further comprising:
the heat preservation baffle (130), heat preservation baffle (130) set up in the domatic of road bed (110).
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