CN113881440A - Soil conditioner for improving land physicochemical property of coal mine subsidence area and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner for improving land physicochemical property of coal mine subsidence area and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a soil conditioner for improving the land physicochemical property of a coal mine subsidence area, which belongs to the technical field of mine ecological environment restoration and treatment soil restoration, wherein the soil conditioner comprises three components of fine particle coal-based activated humic acid, silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles and high polymer water-absorbing and water-retaining particles, the components are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1:2, and the weight ratio of the prepared conditioner added into soil is 2 g/kg. The invention respectively utilizes the complex molecular structure, large specific surface area, hydrophilic group, high activity of the material and the advantage reciprocal action among the materials, has the advantages of improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil, adjusting the pH value of the soil, adsorbing and slowly releasing nitrogen elements in the soil, keeping nutrient substances in the soil, promoting the growth of vegetation and finally being beneficial to the ecological restoration of mining areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine ecological environment restoration and treatment soil restoration, and particularly relates to a soil conditioner for improving the land physical and chemical properties of a coal mine subsidence area and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Land resources and ecological environment are important bases for human survival and development, and with the increase of population, industrial development and continuous expansion of cities, the total cultivated land area of China is gradually reduced after 2000 years. At present, the energy structure of China still mainly uses coal, and large-scale coal resource exploitation has serious influence on mining areas and surrounding land while promoting economic development and human progress. The problems of land environment caused by coal mining include land resources occupied by solid waste stacking in mining areas, ground surface subsidence, land use change, heavy metal pollution and the like.
The loss of soil nutrients in mining subsidence areas caused by coal mining is one of the main soil problems of coal mining and local ecological environment development, and the soil is the base of plant growth and is an important source bank of nutrient elements. The nitrogen is used as an important nutrient element in the soil, and the problem of soil acidification and the like can be caused by the imbalance of the nitrogen content in the soil; a large amount of nutrient substances such as nitrogen enter rivers, lakes and oceans to cause the mass propagation of algae, the dissolved nutrition of water is reduced, and a large amount of fishes die; nitrogen fertilizers applied to soil have ammonia volatilization and nitrogen oxide generation during the conversion process, wherein nitrous oxide is a main pollution gas of greenhouse effect; if the nitrogen in the soil is lost in the form of nitrate nitrogen, the nitrate nitrogen is easily converted into nitrite when the concentration of the nitrate in the drinking water is too high, so that the human body is lack of oxygen and suffers from hemoglobin, and the like, and the harm to the health of the human body is caused. Therefore, the method has great significance for developing soil conditioners with physicochemical properties of the soil in the coal mine subsidence area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil conditioner for improving the physicochemical properties of the soil in a coal mine subsidence area, which has the advantages of easily obtained formula, wide material source and effective improvement effect on the physicochemical properties of the soil such as soil nutrients, soil organic matters and the like in the coal mine subsidence area.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a soil conditioner for improving the physicochemical property of the land in a coal mine subsidence area comprises the following components: the soil water-retaining agent comprises coal-based activated humic acid, silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles and high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles, wherein the weight ratio of the coal-based activated humic acid to the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles to the high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles is 1:1:2, and the weight ratio of the coal-based activated humic acid to the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles to the high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles added into soil is 2 g/kg.
Further, the coal-based activated humic acid comprises organic matter extracted from lignite or weathered coal.
Furthermore, the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles are artificial zeolite, and the particle size is 60-80 meshes.
Further, the high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles comprise a sodium polyacrylate salt type, and the particle size is 60-80 meshes.
A preparation method of a soil conditioner for improving the physicochemical property of the land in a coal mine subsidence area comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting coal-based activated humic acid, silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles and high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles according to the soil nutrient loss characteristic of a coal mining subsidence area;
secondly, the water content of the coal-based activated humic acid, the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles and the high molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles is lower than 20 percent, and the particle size is 60 to 80 meshes;
step three, uniformly mixing coal-based activated humic acid, silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles and high molecular water absorption and retention particles according to the weight ratio of 1:1: 2;
and step four, adding the improver prepared in the step three into soil according to the proportion of 2 g/kg.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention utilizes the complex molecular structure, large specific surface area, hydrophilic group, high activity and other functions of the prepared soil conditioner material to influence the existing form of nitrogen elements in soil, so that nitrogen in soil mainly exists in the form of ammonium nitrogen, the time for converting the ammonium nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen is prolonged, the effects of adsorbing the nitrogen and slowly releasing the nitrogen are achieved, the loss of the nitrogen is reduced, and meanwhile, the synergistic effect among the materials is beneficial to improving the water content of the soil, adjusting the conductivity of the soil, achieving the purpose of improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil, maintaining soil nutrients, promoting the growth of vegetation, the conditioner mixed in the soil can be repeatedly utilized without causing harm to the environment, and finally the remediation of the soil in a subsidence area of a coal mine is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the effect of the soil conditioner of the present invention on the height of a plant;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the soil amendment of the present invention on the nitrogen utilization efficiency of soil;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the soil conditioner of the present invention on the pH of soil;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of soil amendment of the present invention on the organic matter content of soil;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of the soil amendment of the present invention on the total nitrogen content of a drench solution.
Detailed Description
A soil conditioner for improving the physicochemical property of the land in a coal mine subsidence area comprises the following components: the soil water-retaining agent comprises coal-based activated humic acid, silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles and high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles, wherein the weight ratio of the coal-based activated humic acid to the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles to the high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles is 1:1:2, and the weight ratio of the coal-based activated humic acid to the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles to the high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles added into soil is 2 g/kg.
Example 1
Example of a potted plant of Vegetation
The purpose of the test is as follows: by using a pot experiment and taking rapes as indicating vegetation, the influence of the prepared soil conditioner on vegetation growth and soil nitrogen adsorption utilization is researched.
Experimental methods and treatments: after being air-dried, 0-20 cm of soil in the cultivated land is sieved by 2mm to obtain experimental soil, and the soil basic data are as follows: pH =7.50, organic matter 14.77 g kg-1Ammonium nitrogen 11.91 mg/kg-1The nitrate nitrogen is 10/97 mg/kg-1And the water holding capacity of the field capillary tube is 21 percent. The experiment adopts a plastic basin with a hole at the bottom and an inner diameter of 13cm and a height of 15cm, and the aperture of the bottom of the basin5cm, placing a 200-mesh gauze layer on the bottom of the pot to prevent soil leakage, adopting random block arrangement test design, repeating five times, and adding 1kg dry soil and the same nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (pure nitrogen application rate of 0.5 g/kg) into each test group-1Dry soil), the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium is 1:0.5: 1. 20 pretreated vegetable seeds are sown in each pot, sown in uniformly arranged small holes with the depth of 1cm, covered with soil, thinned after the seedlings grow, thinning is carried out for the 2 nd time when 2 leaf buds grow on the leaves, 3 seedlings are reserved in each pot, 1 seedling is reserved when 3 leaves grow, and harvesting is carried out when 5 leaves grow.
Process 1, CK: blank processing;
Treatment 3, N2: coal-based activated humic acid (1 g kg)-1）；
Treatment 5, N4: zeolite particles and water-absorbing and water-retaining polymer particles (both 1g kg)-1）；
The experimental results are as follows:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and table 1, the soil conditioner of the invention can promote the growth of vegetation for vegetation height and vegetation biomass, increase the dry matter content of vegetation, and has the most significant utilization efficiency of soil nitrogen, which is increased by 17.43% compared with blank treatment.
TABLE 1 Effect of soil amendment on the Biomass of cultivated Vegetation
And (4) experimental conclusion: the soil conditioner can obviously promote the growth of vegetation, increase the dry matter content of the vegetation and improve the adsorption utilization efficiency of the soil to nitrogen elements.
Example 2
Soil leaching experiment
The purpose of the test is as follows: the influence of the prepared soil conditioner on the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the leaching solution characteristics is researched through a soil leaching experiment on whether the soil conditioner is added or not.
Experimental methods and treatments: leaching potted plant soil after harvesting potted plant vegetation, adding nitrogen (0.2 g of pure nitrogen) which is equal to 40% of the initial nitrogen application amount into each treatment group when the nitrogen content in leachate is low, uniformly spreading the nitrogen in a plastic basin, and covering the plastic basin with a layer of thin soil; in the experiment, 200mL of high-purity water is added as a leaching solution each time, a small beaker is placed under a large plastic basin to collect the leaching solution within 48 hours, the leaching soil is naturally evaporated at room temperature, the 2 nd leaching is carried out when the soil reaches 60% of the field water capacity after 4-5 days, and a proper amount of soil at a position of 5cm before leaching the soil and before the last leaching is taken to measure the corresponding physicochemical property index of the soil.
The experimental results are as follows:
(1) influence of soil conditioner on soil physicochemical property
a. See fig. 3, the effect of soil amendment on soil pH. Under the condition that the leaching of nitrogen is applied to the soil added with the soil conditioner, the pH value of the soil is reduced less than that of the blank CK treatment, the treatment of the soil added with the soil conditioner can prevent the pH value of the soil from being reduced, and the pH values of the soil treated in the change range of the pH value of the soil have no significant difference change.
b. See table 2 for the effect of soil amendment on soil EC values. From the aspect of the soil EC value, the treatment degrees are different, the soil EC value after vegetation planting has significant difference, and the difference with CK is significant; the EC value of the experimental group soil added with the soil conditioner is effectively inhibited, and the phenomenon of overlarge soil conductivity is prevented.
TABLE 2 influence of soil amendment on soil EC values at different periods
c. Referring to fig. 4, the effect of soil amendment on soil organic matter. In factThe organic matter content of each treatment in the test stage is reduced, and the organic matter content is reduced by 1-3 units per time; under the conditions of no crop planting and nitrogen fertilizer addition, leaching enables the organic matter content to be linearly reduced, and the organic matter content is 8.87-9.79 g/kg-1The organic matter contents of the N1 to N5 treatments are sequentially higher than those of the control by 0.23, 0.91, 0.90, 0.00 and 0.45 g/kg-1. After the nitrogen is added, the soil organic matter measured for the third time still shows a descending trend on the basis of leaching, and the soil organic matter content is 6.82-7.74 g.kg-1Within the range; the content of the organic matters treated by the N5 is 0.23 g/kg higher than that of the contrast-1。
d. See table 3 for the effect of soil amendment on the ammonium nitrogen content of the soil. Under the condition of normal irrigation in the vegetation growth period, the content of ammonium nitrogen in soil treated differently is increased by 21.42% -141.01% compared with a control, the modifier group N5 prepared by the invention has the most obvious effect, and the difference of the content of ammonium nitrogen between different treatments and CK is obvious; after a certain amount of rainwater leaching, the content of ammonium nitrogen in the soil treated by each treatment is reduced, which indicates that the ammonium nitrogen adsorbed by the soil conditioner is in a desorption state and can be absorbed and utilized by plants; the content of ammonium nitrogen in the soil is increased after the nitrogen is added, and the soil NH is treated by adding environmental materials compared with CK4 +The N content is increased by 9.04% -350.71%, and the difference between different treatments is large.
TABLE 3 influence of soil amendment on the content of ammonium nitrogen in the soil
(2) Effect of soil amendment on drench solution characteristics
Referring to table 4, the addition of the soil conditioner can significantly reduce the leaching amount of soil water, reduce the leaching amount of soil ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen, and has obvious reduction effect.
TABLE 4 influence of soil amendment on the content of each index of soil leaching solution
And (4) experimental conclusion: the soil conditioner of the invention can not only improve the physicochemical properties of soil, such as pH value, EC value, organic matter content, nitrogen element form and content, but also can obviously reduce nutrient flow loss in soil and improve the water content of soil.
Claims (5)
1. A soil conditioner for improving the physicochemical property of the land in a coal mine subsidence area is characterized in that: comprises the following components: the soil water-retaining agent comprises coal-based activated humic acid, silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles and high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles, wherein the weight ratio of the coal-based activated humic acid to the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles to the high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles is 1:1:2, and the weight ratio of the coal-based activated humic acid to the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles to the high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles added into soil is 2 g/kg.
2. A soil amendment for improving the physicochemical properties of a land in a coal mine subsidence area as defined in claim 1, wherein: the coal-based activated humic acid comprises organic matters extracted from lignite or weathered coal.
3. A soil amendment for improving the physicochemical properties of a land in a coal mine subsidence area as defined in claim 1, wherein: the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles are artificial zeolite, and the particle size is 60-80 meshes.
4. A soil amendment for improving the physicochemical properties of a land in a coal mine subsidence area as defined in claim 1, wherein: the high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles comprise a sodium polyacrylate type, and the particle size is 60-80 meshes.
5. A preparation method of a soil conditioner for improving the physicochemical property of the land in a coal mine subsidence area is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting coal-based activated humic acid, silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles and high-molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles according to the soil nutrient loss characteristic of a coal mining subsidence area;
secondly, the water content of the coal-based activated humic acid, the silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles and the high molecular water-absorbing and water-retaining particles is lower than 20 percent, and the particle size is 60 to 80 meshes;
step three, uniformly mixing coal-based activated humic acid, silicon-oxygen tetrahedral zeolite particles and high molecular water absorption and retention particles according to the weight ratio of 1:1: 2;
and step four, adding the improver prepared in the step three into soil according to the proportion of 2 g/kg.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005281439A (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-13 | Toyo Constr Co Ltd | Soil aggregate for improving bottom sediment, bottom sediment improvement method and water bottom ground |
| CN103351216A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-10-16 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Nitrogen fertilizer high-molecular composite synergist, and preparation method thereof |
| CN105733604A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-06 | 北京林业大学 | Soil conditioner applied to mine ecological restoration in arid region as well as preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN107793264A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-13 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of Nano Carbon water-retention fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
| CN110041941A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-23 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A method of soil conditioner and half raw-soil rapid aging for half raw-soil rapid aging |
| CN113528144A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-22 | 创想未来生物工程(北京)有限公司 | Seaweed soil restoration preparation and application thereof |
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- 2021-10-26 CN CN202111248427.XA patent/CN113881440A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005281439A (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-13 | Toyo Constr Co Ltd | Soil aggregate for improving bottom sediment, bottom sediment improvement method and water bottom ground |
| CN103351216A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-10-16 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Nitrogen fertilizer high-molecular composite synergist, and preparation method thereof |
| CN105733604A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-06 | 北京林业大学 | Soil conditioner applied to mine ecological restoration in arid region as well as preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN107793264A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-13 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of Nano Carbon water-retention fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
| CN110041941A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-23 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A method of soil conditioner and half raw-soil rapid aging for half raw-soil rapid aging |
| CN113528144A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-22 | 创想未来生物工程(北京)有限公司 | Seaweed soil restoration preparation and application thereof |
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