CN113878184A - Multifunctional hole and groove structure electrolytic machining process device - Google Patents

Multifunctional hole and groove structure electrolytic machining process device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113878184A
CN113878184A CN202111297078.0A CN202111297078A CN113878184A CN 113878184 A CN113878184 A CN 113878184A CN 202111297078 A CN202111297078 A CN 202111297078A CN 113878184 A CN113878184 A CN 113878184A
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China
Prior art keywords
cavity
hole
sealing ring
electrolyte
cathode
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CN202111297078.0A
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CN113878184B (en
Inventor
王峰
刘瑞琦
包先知
郝一凡
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Nanjing Agricultural University
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Nanjing Agricultural University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H3/00Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H11/00Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
    • B23H11/003Mounting of workpieces, e.g. working-tables
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H3/00Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
    • B23H3/10Supply or regeneration of working media
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H9/00Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
    • B23H9/14Making holes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional electrolytic machining process device for a hole and groove structure, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic machining. The electrochemical machining device comprises a sealing cavity, a flow guide block, a pressing block, a sealing ring, a connecting shaft, a sealing ring, a cylindrical workpiece, a solid cathode and a hollow cathode, and is characterized in that electrolytic machining of different hole and groove structures can be realized on the same process device only by replacing the cathode, and the electrochemical machining device has better machining adaptability; the device can simultaneously realize three flowing modes of positive flow, reverse flow and lateral flow of the electrolyte, can meet the processing requirements of various working conditions of hole and groove structures, and can obviously reduce the manufacturing cost of the process device.

Description

Multifunctional hole and groove structure electrolytic machining process device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multifunctional electrolytic machining process device for a hole and groove structure, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic machining.
Background
The electrolytic machining is a special machining method for machining and forming a workpiece by utilizing the principle that metal is subjected to anodic dissolution in electrolyte, has the remarkable advantages of wide machining range, high productivity, good surface quality, no tool cathode loss and the like, and is particularly suitable for machining of difficult-to-machine materials and parts with complex shapes. In electrolytic machining, the flow field distribution plays a key role in machining stability, machining precision and surface quality. The electrolyte flow form in the flow field design is crucial and can be summarized into two main categories of lateral flow and radial flow, and the radial flow is divided into two categories of positive flow and reverse flow.
In the existing electrolytic processing of hole structures, the flowing form of electrolyte mostly adopts positive flow and reverse flow. The design and the manufacture of the clamp in the electrolyte forward flow mode are simple, the clamp is suitable for processing round holes, but the flowing of the electrolyte is in a divergent shape, the uniformity of a flow field is poor, the fluctuation of the flow speed is severe, and the accumulation of electrolytic products and the overheating of local electrolyte are easily caused during the processing of special-shaped holes, so that the stable implementation of the processing technology is restricted. Compared with an electrolyte forward flow mode, a reverse flow processing flow field is in a convergence shape, the flow field fluctuation is small, the flow velocity uniformity is good, the processing stability is higher, the reverse flow processing clamp can be suitable for processing hole structures with different cross-section shapes, the design and the manufacture of the reverse flow processing clamp are more complex, and the requirement on the tightness of the clamp is higher. The existing electrolytic machining of narrow groove type structures usually adopts an electrolyte side flow mode, electrolyte flows into a machining area from one side of a workpiece and flows out from the other side of the workpiece, and the design of a clamp is obviously different from that of electrolytic machining of hole type structures. Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of electrolytic machining of hole structures and narrow groove structures with different cross-sectional shapes and different precisions, a plurality of sets of tool fixtures are required to be designed and manufactured, the manufacturing cost of the fixtures is high, the interchangeability of fixture parts is not strong, and the test period of electrolytic machining is long.
Disclosure of Invention
1. The invention provides a multifunctional hole and groove structure electrolytic machining process device aiming at the defects of the conventional hole and groove structure electrolytic machining process device, realizes electrolytic machining with different structural characteristics on the same device, and meets the requirements of multi-working-condition electrolytic machining.
2. In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a hole and groove structure electrolytic machining multifunctional process device comprises a sealing cavity, a flow guide block, a pressing block, a sealing ring, a connecting shaft, a sealing ring, a cylindrical workpiece, a solid cathode and a hollow cathode, wherein the bottom of the connecting shaft is provided with a threaded hole and a cylindrical groove, the cylindrical workpiece is pressed inside the cylindrical groove of the connecting shaft by the pressing block, and the pressing block, the cylindrical workpiece and the connecting shaft are fastened and connected through screws; an annular groove is formed in the side wall of the connecting shaft, a sealing ring is arranged in the annular groove, the connecting shaft drives the sealing ring to feed to the sealing ring, and the outer wall surface of the sealing ring and the inner wall surface of the sealing ring form sliding seal; the sealing ring is provided with a plurality of through holes along the circumferential direction, and the sealing ring is connected with a threaded hole at the top of the sealing cavity through a screw, so that the sealing ring is tightly connected with the sealing cavity; the side wall of the sealing cavity is provided with an upper liquid through hole and a lower liquid through hole which are symmetrically distributed, the bottom of the sealing cavity is provided with a cylindrical groove, the bottom surface of the cylindrical groove is uniformly provided with threaded holes along the circumferential direction, the side wall of the solid cathode or the hollow cathode is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the cylindrical groove at the bottom of the sealing cavity, and the solid cathode or the hollow cathode is tightly connected with the sealing cavity through a screw; the solid cathode or the hollow cathode is in clearance fit with the flow guide block, and the flow guide block is fixedly connected with the sealing cavity through a screw; the outer wall of the flow guide block is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the sealed cavity, and rectangular flow guide grooves which are symmetrically distributed are formed in the positions corresponding to the liquid through holes of the sealed cavity.
When the solid cathode is adopted to carry out electrolytic machining of a narrow groove structure, the flowing mode of the electrolyte is lateral flow, the upper end of the solid cathode is provided with a plurality of micro bosses which are distributed in parallel, a hollow liquid through cavity is not arranged in the solid cathode, the electrolyte flows in from one side of an upper liquid through hole of a sealed cavity and flows out from the other side after a machining area, and the angular distribution of the micro bosses of the solid cathode is consistent with the flowing direction of the electrolyte.
Adopt the cavity negative pole to carry out hole class structure electrolytic machining, when electrolyte flow mode is palirrhea, cavity negative pole upper end is provided with the processing boss, and the boss lateral wall adopts epoxy to insulate, and cavity negative pole is inside to have seted up cavity and leads to the sap cavity, and electrolyte flows in from the last liquid hole that leads to in sealed chamber, and the cavity that leads to in the cavity negative pole inside leads to the sap cavity, flows out from the lower liquid hole that leads to in sealed chamber.
And when the electrolyte flows in a positive flow mode, the electrolyte flows in from the lower liquid through hole of the sealed cavity, passes through the hollow liquid through cavity in the hollow cathode and flows out from the upper liquid through hole of the sealed cavity.
3. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can simultaneously realize three flowing modes of positive flow, reverse flow and lateral flow of the electrolyte only by replacing the solid cathode and the hollow cathode, and can meet diversified electrochemical machining requirements; by replacing the cathode, the electrolytic machining of different structural characteristics such as narrow grooves, round holes, special-shaped holes and the like can be realized, the manufacturing cost of the clamp is low, and the interchangeability of parts of the clamp is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an apparatus for forward and reverse flow of an electrolyte according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the hollow cathode of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus of the lateral flow mode of the electrolyte according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a solid cathode according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a sealing cavity, 2 parts of a flow guide block, 3 parts of a pressing block, 4 parts of a sealing ring, 5 parts of a connecting shaft, 6 parts of a sealing ring, 7 parts of a cylindrical workpiece, 8 parts of a solid cathode, 9 parts of a hollow cathode.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the device for realizing the forward flow and reverse flow of the electrolytic machining electrolyte in the hole-like structure comprises: the device comprises a sealing cavity 1, a flow guide block 2, a pressing block 3, a sealing ring 4, a connecting shaft 5, a sealing ring 6, a cylindrical workpiece 7 and a hollow cathode 9, wherein the connecting shaft 5 is connected with a machine tool main shaft to realize feeding motion of the cylindrical workpiece 7, an annular groove is formed in the side wall of the connecting shaft 5, the sealing ring 6 is arranged in the groove, a cylindrical groove is formed in the bottom end of the connecting shaft 5, the cylindrical workpiece 7 is arranged in the cylindrical groove, and the cylindrical workpiece 7 is tightly connected with the connecting shaft 5 through the pressing block 3 and a screw; the inner wall of the sealing ring 4 is in clearance fit with the outer wall of the connecting shaft 5, the connecting shaft 5 linearly feeds relative to the sealing ring 4, the sealing ring 4 is fastened and connected with the sealing cavity 1 through screws, the side wall of the sealing cavity 1 is provided with an upper liquid through hole and a lower liquid through hole which are symmetrically distributed, the bottom of the sealing cavity 1 is provided with a cylindrical groove, the bottom surface of the cylindrical groove is uniformly provided with threaded holes along the circumferential direction, and the hollow cathode 9 is fastened and connected with the sealing cavity 1 through screws; the hollow cathode 9 is in clearance fit with the flow guide block 2, and the flow guide block 2 is tightly connected with the sealing cavity 1 through a screw; the diversion block 2 is in clearance fit with the sealed cavity 1, and rectangular liquid passing grooves which are symmetrically distributed are formed in the positions corresponding to the upper liquid passing holes of the sealed cavity 1. The hollow cathode structure adopted by the electrolytic machining of the hole structure is shown in figure 2, a machining boss is arranged at the upper end of the hollow cathode 9, and the side wall of the boss is insulated by epoxy resin; when the electrolyte flows reversely, the electrolyte flows in from the upper liquid through hole of the sealed cavity 1, passes through the liquid through cavity in the hollow cathode 9 and flows out from the lower liquid through hole of the sealed cavity 1; when the electrolyte flows in the forward direction, the electrolyte flows in from the lower liquid through hole of the sealed cavity 1, passes through the liquid through cavity in the hollow cathode 9 and flows out from the upper liquid through hole of the sealed cavity 1.
As shown in figure 3 for narrow groove structure electrolytic machining electrolyte side flow realization device, the solid cathode structure that adopts is shown in figure 4, except solid cathode 8, other part structures of the device are the same with electrolyte positive flow, palirrhea realization device, solid cathode 8 upper end is provided with a plurality of parallel distribution's little boss, inside does not have cavity and leads to the liquid chamber, electrolyte flows in from last logical liquid hole one side of sealed chamber 1, flow out from the opposite side behind the processing region, the angular distribution of 8 little bosses of solid cathode is unanimous with the electrolyte flow direction, under the synergistic effect of processing power, electrolyte flow, along with cylindrical work piece 7 progressively to solid cathode 8 feed, narrow groove structure is processed the shaping gradually.
The invention can be applied in many ways, and the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention still belong to the technical and protection scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional process units of hole, groove structure electrolytic machining, includes sealed chamber (1), water conservancy diversion piece (2), briquetting (3), sealing ring (4), connecting axle (5), sealing washer (6), cylinder work piece (7), solid negative pole (8) and hollow cathode (9), its characterized in that: the bottom of the connecting shaft (5) is provided with a threaded hole and a cylindrical groove, the pressing block (3) presses the cylindrical workpiece (7) inside the cylindrical groove of the connecting shaft (5), and the pressing block (3) and the cylindrical workpiece (7) are tightly connected with the connecting shaft (5) through screws; an annular groove is formed in the side wall of the connecting shaft (5), a sealing ring (6) is arranged in the annular groove, the connecting shaft (5) drives the sealing ring (6) to feed to the sealing ring (4), and the outer wall surface of the sealing ring (6) and the inner wall surface of the sealing ring (4) form sliding seal; the sealing ring (4) is provided with a plurality of through holes along the circumferential direction, and the sealing ring (4) is connected with a threaded hole at the top of the sealing cavity (1) through a screw to realize the fastening connection of the sealing ring (4) and the sealing cavity (1); the side wall of the sealed cavity (1) is provided with an upper liquid through hole and a lower liquid through hole which are symmetrically distributed, the bottom of the sealed cavity (1) is provided with a cylindrical groove, the bottom surface of the cylindrical groove is uniformly provided with threaded holes along the circumferential direction, the side wall of the solid cathode (8) or the hollow cathode (9) is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the cylindrical groove at the bottom of the sealed cavity (1), and the solid cathode (8) or the hollow cathode (9) is fixedly connected with the sealed cavity (1) through screws; the solid cathode (8) or the hollow cathode (9) is in clearance fit with the flow guide block (2), and the flow guide block (2) is fixedly connected with the sealing cavity (1) through a screw; the outer wall of the flow guide block (2) is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the sealed cavity (1), and rectangular flow guide grooves which are symmetrically distributed are formed in the positions corresponding to the liquid through holes of the sealed cavity (1).
2. The multifunctional electrolytic machining process device for the hole and groove structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the solid cathode (8) is adopted for carrying out electrolytic machining of a narrow groove structure, the flowing mode of electrolyte is lateral flow, a plurality of micro bosses which are distributed in parallel are arranged at the upper end of the solid cathode (8), a hollow liquid through cavity is not arranged inside the micro bosses, the electrolyte flows in from one side of an upper liquid through hole of the sealed cavity (1) and flows out from the other side of the sealed cavity after passing through a machining area, and the angular distribution of the micro bosses of the solid cathode (8) is consistent with the flowing direction of the electrolyte.
3. The multifunctional electrolytic machining process device for the hole and groove structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: adopt cavity negative pole (9) to carry out hole class structure electrolytic machining, when electrolyte flow mode is palirrhea, cavity negative pole (9) upper end is provided with the processing boss, and the boss lateral wall adopts epoxy to insulate, and cavity negative pole (9) inside has seted up cavity and has led to the sap cavity, and electrolyte flows in from the last logical sap hole in sealed chamber (1), leads to the sap cavity through the inside cavity of cavity negative pole (9), flows out from the lower logical sap hole in sealed chamber (1).
4. The multifunctional electrolytic machining process device for the hole and groove structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the hollow cathode (9) is adopted for electrolytic machining of the hole structure, when the flowing mode of the electrolyte is positive flow, the electrolyte flows in from the lower liquid through hole of the sealed cavity (1), passes through the hollow liquid through cavity in the hollow cathode (9), and flows out from the upper liquid through hole of the sealed cavity (1).
CN202111297078.0A 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 Multifunctional electrolytic machining process device for hole and groove structures Active CN113878184B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114515877A (en) * 2022-03-29 2022-05-20 江苏集萃精密制造研究院有限公司 Electrolytic machining method for weak-rigidity sheet surface array microstructure and tool clamp

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3352770A (en) * 1961-06-16 1967-11-14 Gen Electric Electrochemical machining of small diameter holes in high temperature superalloys
CN1857858A (en) * 2006-05-24 2006-11-08 南京航空航天大学 Fixture for electrolytic forming of three-head flexible feeding vane
CN102896383A (en) * 2012-10-10 2013-01-30 南京航空航天大学 Electrolytic machining method of difficult-to-cut material, fine-module internal gear and device
CN106925850A (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-07-07 广东工业大学 A kind of die cavity electrolytic machining device
CN107252938A (en) * 2017-06-02 2017-10-17 南京航空航天大学 A kind of Complex Different Shape channel design Electrolyzed Processing Special tooling clamp and processing method
CN110000434A (en) * 2019-04-12 2019-07-12 南京航浦机械科技有限公司 Sandwich-type cathode assembly, cathode group hole Electrolyzed Processing frock clamp and process
CN112894038A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-04 河海大学常州校区 Curved surface electrolytic machining device and system
CN113333879A (en) * 2021-06-04 2021-09-03 西安工业大学 Electrolytic machining device for counter-flow type end cover cavity part

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3352770A (en) * 1961-06-16 1967-11-14 Gen Electric Electrochemical machining of small diameter holes in high temperature superalloys
CN1857858A (en) * 2006-05-24 2006-11-08 南京航空航天大学 Fixture for electrolytic forming of three-head flexible feeding vane
CN102896383A (en) * 2012-10-10 2013-01-30 南京航空航天大学 Electrolytic machining method of difficult-to-cut material, fine-module internal gear and device
CN106925850A (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-07-07 广东工业大学 A kind of die cavity electrolytic machining device
CN107252938A (en) * 2017-06-02 2017-10-17 南京航空航天大学 A kind of Complex Different Shape channel design Electrolyzed Processing Special tooling clamp and processing method
CN110000434A (en) * 2019-04-12 2019-07-12 南京航浦机械科技有限公司 Sandwich-type cathode assembly, cathode group hole Electrolyzed Processing frock clamp and process
CN112894038A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-04 河海大学常州校区 Curved surface electrolytic machining device and system
CN113333879A (en) * 2021-06-04 2021-09-03 西安工业大学 Electrolytic machining device for counter-flow type end cover cavity part

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114515877A (en) * 2022-03-29 2022-05-20 江苏集萃精密制造研究院有限公司 Electrolytic machining method for weak-rigidity sheet surface array microstructure and tool clamp

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