CN1138736A - General compounded permanent magnet - Google Patents
General compounded permanent magnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN1138736A CN1138736A CN 96115257 CN96115257A CN1138736A CN 1138736 A CN1138736 A CN 1138736A CN 96115257 CN96115257 CN 96115257 CN 96115257 A CN96115257 A CN 96115257A CN 1138736 A CN1138736 A CN 1138736A
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- permanent
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001447 compensatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000828 alnico Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 Aluminium nickel cobalt Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003266 NiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXAWCNYZAWMWIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [Fe].[Nd] PXAWCNYZAWMWIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A universal composite permanent magnet is composed of 1-6 blocks of temp compensation material and 1-6 pieces of permanent-magnet material and a closed temp compensation magnetic branch is formed between two kinds of materials. Its advantages include higher magnetic properties, good temp stability, and high anticorrosion nature and magnetic correctness.
Description
The present invention relates to permanent magnetic material, a kind of permanent magnetic material is provided especially, the general compounded permanent magnet that permeability magnetic material and temperature-compensating combination of materials form.
Over the years, high magnetic characteristics, good temperature stability, corrosion resistance are the targets that pursue in the permanent magnetic material field always, but up to the present, the permanent magnetic material that satisfies above-mentioned condition does not simultaneously occur as yet, king-NdFeB with the permanent magnetism of current magnetic property the best is an example, and it has the characteristics of high remanent magnetism, high-coercive force, high energy product, but temperature stability is relatively poor, magnetic property comparatively disperses, and is easy to corrosion.At present people still mainly overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of Nd-Fe-B by alloying and process modification, as in the Nd-Fe alloy, adding Co, and Dy, Ga, elements such as Nb are adjusted sintering and back sintering condition to reduce the irreversible and reversible temperature coefficient of permanent magnetic material.But these are cost to reduce permanent magnetic material performance and to increase cost all, and the Nd-Fe-B rare earth permanent magnet magnetic energy product of mass production can be up to 30～45MGOe,
αB
γFor-0.12%/℃, and low-temperature coefficient Nb-Fe-B
αB
γCan be-0.02%～0.03%/℃, but its magnetic energy product only is 14～20MGOe, is generally solved by face coat for the corrosion-prone shortcoming of Nd-Fe-B.In addition, many application scenarios at permanent magnetic material, require the accurate of magnetic property, it requires deviation in 0.5～1MGOe, and be 2～4MGOe for most of its aberrations in property of Nd-Fe-B product, reach instructions for use and must (1) strictness control production technology and permanent magnetic material sorting, its result certainly will reduce product percent of pass, (2) correction of demagnetizing, the characteristics of Nd-Fe-B are that coercive force is very high, low-temperature coefficient magnetic material particularly, and its coercive force generally can reach 15000Oe, this proofreaies and correct technically still on the equipment all very difficultly for filling demagnetization, and calibrated magnetic material also is prone to serious magnetic non-uniform phenomenon.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly still to keep higher magnetic property, and temperature stability is good, good corrosion resistance, the general compounded permanent magnet that the magnetic property accuracy is good.
The invention provides a kind of general compounded permanent magnet, it is characterized in that: this composite permanet magnet system is by 1～6 deblocking temperature compensative material (1), 1～6 block of permanent magnetic material (2) combines, and constitutes closed temperature compensation magnetic shunt between permanent magnetic material (2) and the temperature-compensating material (1).In the permanent magnetic material (2) 1～3 block of permeability magnetic material (3) can be arranged.(2) mutual serial connection between permanent magnetic material is with temperature-compensating material (1) and connect.The NdFeB permanent magnetic material is suitable for making built-up magnet of the present invention most.The present invention can be according to required permanent magnetic material shape, and the actual requirement of permanent magnetic material performance and magnetic device or application scenario is equipped with relevant temperature compensated loop or compensating plate.This temperature-compensating ring or compensating plate are placed in or are affixed on the permanent magnetic material.Permanent magnetic material and temperature-compensating ring or compensating plate closely size cooperate also can glued joint fixing.Permanent magnetic material can be the single-piece permanent magnetic material, also can be by similar same performance more than two, and similar different performance, inhomogeneity different performance permanent magnetic material and permeability magnetic material are formed.Temperature-compensating ring or compensating plate should be by the material with temperature-compensating performance, so-called temperature-compensating material, be exactly in 60～170 ℃ of scopes of its Curie-point temperature, magnetic flux density depends on variation of temperature strongly, along with the rising of temperature, the rule that magnetic flux density is pressed approximately linear reduces, in the saturation magnetic field scope (generally greater than 7.96KA/m), magnetic induction should drop to 0.001～0.006T/ ℃, and this kind material is the typical case with Fe-Ni base thermomagnetic alloy.According to different application device, occasion and serviceability temperature excursion, select the permanent magnetic material compensated loop or the compensating plate correspondingly of different performance to form composite permanent magnet.This composite permanent magnet provides as magnetic source can utilize magnetic field, and temperature-compensating ring or compensating plate form closed temperature compensation magnetic separation device automatically.This shunt magnetic line of force raises with temperature and reduces, and reduces raising with temperature, with the variation of compensation main magnetic circuit magnetic field with the temperature generation.Thereby keep the main magnetic circuit changes of magnetic field very little, and can be from negative to just regulating.Because the dispersiveness of the performance of permanent magnetic material own, must there be dispersion to a certain degree in the work magnetic field that permanent magnetic material provides.As then producing deviation for instrument.Single-piece or two above permanent magnetic materials and compensative material are formed organic cooperation of composite permanent magnet, and the consistency of adjustable full employment point magnetic is removed the permanent magnetic material correcting process from.Temperature-compensating ring or compensating plate generally all have corrosion resistance and plasticity preferably, and are placed in or are affixed on the permanent magnetic material, have improved against corrosion, the shock resistance of permanent magnetic material greatly, and have the inhibition ability of better stray magnetic field.The present invention is the magnetic property height, and temperature stability and magnetic property consistency are relatively poor, and the class permanent magnetic material that price is low provides comparatively wide application market, by embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing 1 is solid permanent magnetic material outer sheath temperature compensated loop structure chart;
(a) front view;
(b) single permanent magnetic material vertical section cut-away view;
(c) two permanent magnetic materials press from both sides a permeability magnetic material vertical section cut-away view;
(d) two permanent magnetic material vertical section schematic diagrames;
Accompanying drawing 2 is a sleeving temperature compensated loop structure chart in the annular permanent-magnet material;
(a) front view;
(b) single permanent magnetic material vertical section cut-away view;
(c) two permanent magnetic materials press from both sides a permeability magnetic material vertical section cut-away view;
(d) two permanent magnetic material vertical section cut-away views;
Accompanying drawing 3 is to paste temperature-compensating chip architecture figure on the permanent magnetic material;
(a) single permanent magnetic material section cuts open schematic diagram
(b) two permanent magnetic materials press from both sides a permeability magnetic material post-show cross-section map;
(c) two permanent magnetic material post-show cross-section maps;
Accompanying drawing 4 is an annular permanent-magnet material outer sheath temperature compensated loop structure chart;
(a) front view;
(b) single permanent magnetic material vertical section cut-away view;
(c) two permanent magnetic material vertical section cut-away views;
Accompanying drawing 5 is tile-shaped permanent magnetic material outer sheath temperature compensated loop structure chart;
(a) front view;
(b) single permanent magnetic material end view;
(c) two permanent magnetic material end views;
Embodiment 1:
The structure of built-up magnet can have different shapes according to the application scenario difference, shown in accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4,5, and 1 temperature-compensating material among the figure; 2 permanent magnetic materials; 3. permeability magnetic material can be the monolithic permanent magnetic material, sees accompanying drawing 1 (b), 2 (b), 3 (a), 4 (b), 5 (b) also can match in twos according to the magnetic property of concrete material, constitute two permanent magnetic material composite permanent magnets and see Fig. 1 (d), 2 (d), 3 (c), 4 (c), 5 (c), also available permeability magnetic material is regulated, and sees Fig. 1 (c), 2 (c), 3 (b).
Embodiment 2
Nd with the preparation of powder metallurgy method
17Fe
75B
8Nd
16Fe
76.5B
7.5Nd
15.5Fe
76B
7.5Al
1Nd
15Fe
77B
8Neodymium iron boron magnetic body, be processed into 4 in the sample of 15.5 * 15mm, be respectively 1
#, 2
#, 3
#, 4
#, in addition composition is respectively Nd
12.5, Dy
3Fe
74Co
3B
17.5And Nd
12.5Dy
3Fe
61.5Co
15B
8Also be processed into the sample 5 of 15.5 * 15mm
#, 6
#, select for use the 1J33 thermomagnetic alloy to be prepared into external diameter 17.5mm, internal diameter 15.5mm is the temperature-compensating of 15mm highly, with 1
#, 2
#, 3
#, 4
#, 5
#Be combined into composite permanent magnet 1a with the temperature-compensating ring respectively
#, 2a
#, 3a
#, 4a
#, 5a
#Magnetic property is listed in table 1 table 1
| Numbering | ??Br ??KGs | ????iHc ????KOe | ?(BH)max ???MGOe | ?????? αB γ?????(％/℃) ??(-40～+100℃) |
| ??1 # | ??11.9 | ????12.1 | ????33 | ??????-0.12 |
| ??1 #a | ??11.0 | ????12.0 | ????28 | ??????-0.01 |
| ??2 # | ??12.1 | ????11.4 | ????34 | ??????-0.12 |
| ??2 #a | ??11.1 | ????11.3 | ????29 | ??????-0.01 |
| ??3 # | ??12.2 | ????11.3 | ????35 | ??????-0.12 |
| ??3 #a | ??11.2 | ????11.0 | ????30 | ??????+0.01 |
| ??4 # | ??12.4 | ????11.2 | ????36 | ??????-0.12 |
| ??4 #a | ??11.3 | ????11.2 | ????31 | ??????-0.01 |
| ??5 # | ??11.8 | ????13.5 | ????32 | ??????-0.09 |
| ??5 #a | ??10.5 | ????13.3 | ????26 | ??????+0.03 |
| ??6 # | ??9.8 | ????15.0 | ????15.2 | ??????-0.03 |
By table 1 as seen, the higher common NdFeB of temperature coefficient is after compound with the temperature-compensating ring, and magnetic energy product is on the basis that keeps higher level, and temperature coefficient obviously reduces, even by 5
#And 5a
#Can see the suitable cooperation by magnet and ring, the temperature coefficient of built-up magnet can artificially be regulated by negative to just changing.6
#Though sample has lower temperature coefficient, its magnetic property reduces significantly, and the adding of elements such as the cobalt of high level, dysprosium increases cost.
Embodiment 3
With the composition of embodiment 1 preparation is Nb
15Fe
77B
8Neodymium iron boron magnetic body, be processed into 8 in the sample of 15.5 * 7.5mm, be respectively 7
#, 8
#, 9
#, 10
#, 11
#, 12
#Select for use the 1J30 thermomagnetic alloy to be prepared into external diameter 17.78mm, internal diameter is 15.5mm, and height is the temperature-compensating ring of 15mm, with 7
#With 12
#, 8
#With 11
#, 9
#With 10
#Make two magnet composite permanent magnets and be respectively 7
#A12
#, 8
#A11
#, 9
#A10
#, performance is listed in table 2.Table 2
| Numbering | ???Br ???KGs | ????iHc ????CKOe | ??(BH)max ????MGOe | ??????? αB γ??????(％/℃) ????(-40～+100℃) |
| ???7 # | ???11.8 | ????12.1 | ????32 | ??????-0.12 |
| ???8 # | ???12.0 | ????11.9 | ????33 | ??????-0.12 |
| ???9 # | ???12.1 | ????11.7 | ????34 | ??????-0.12 |
| ???10 # | ???12.3 | ????11.5 | ????35 | ??????-0.12 |
| ???11 # | ???12.4 | ????11.6 | ????36 | ??????-0.12 |
| ???12 # | ???12.5 | ????11.6 | ????37 | ??????-0.12 |
| ???7 #a12 # | ???11.2 | ????11.7 | ????29.7 | ??????-0.02 |
| ???8 #a11 # | ???11.1 | ????11.4 | ????29.2 | ??????-0.015 |
| ???9 #a10 # | ???11.1 | ????11.6 | ????29.5 | ??????-0.01 |
By table 2 as seen, 7
#, 8
#, 9
#, 10
#, 11
#, 12
#Magnet, though composition is identical with technology, the magnetic property decentralization is very big, magnetic energy product (BH)
MaxChange between 32MGOe～37MGOe, magnet that magnetic property is higher and corresponding lower magnet and temperature are repaid the good fit of ring outward, can be made into the magnetic property high conformity, the composite permanent magnet that temperature coefficient is low.
The application of embodiment 4 composite permanent magnets in gauge sensor
Permanent magnet is the vitals of moving-coil instrument transducer, because that the work magnetic field of transducer, instrument requires to vary with temperature in the serviceability temperature scope is very little, generally adopts the AlNiCo permanent magnet at present.Adopt NdFeB built-up magnet substitute for Al NiCo of the present invention can reduce volume effectively, improve sensitivity, reduce cost.Table 3 varies with temperature the result for the work magnetic field of packing into behind the magnetic circuit with the NdFeB built-up magnet.
Table 3
| Numbering | Neodymium iron boron-α %/℃ | Compensative material-β %/℃ | ???S 0/ s1 | ??γ％/℃ | Working temperature ℃ |
| ????1 | ????0.12 | ????0.6 | ????5 | ???0 | ????-40～+100 |
| ????2 | ????0.10 | ????0.5 | ????4.6 | ???0.01 | ????-40～+100 |
| ????3 | ????0.08 | ????0.5 | ????6.3 | ??+0.004 | ????-40～+100 |
| ????4 | ????0.06 | ????0.4 | ????6.3 | ??-0.02 | ????-40～+100 |
| ????5 | ????0.06 | ????0.4 | ????5.9 | ??+0.02 | ????-40～+100 |
| Comparative example | Aluminium nickel cobalt 0.016 | ????--- | ????--- | ??-0.02 | ????-40～+100 |
Wherein α is that magnet is at given working point magnetic energy product temperature coefficient
β is the temperature coefficient of compensative material
γ is a work magnetic field temperature coefficient
S
0/ S
1Be magnet sectional area/compensating part sectional area
The application of embodiment 5 composite permanent magnets in motor
Permanent magnetic material is generally all made magnetic pole usefulness in motor, polarity, four utmost points, sextupole, eight grades, ten utmost points etc. from structure; Permanent magnetic material promptly can be made rotor in motor, can make stator again, adopts neodymium iron boron built-up magnet of the present invention that machine operation magnetic field magnetic potential is varied with temperature and significantly is better than similar neodymium iron boron magnetic body and common electric machine, experimental result such as table 4
Table 4
| Classification | ??-α％/℃ | ?-β％/℃ | S 0/S 1 | ??γ％/℃ | Working temperature |
| Built-up magnet | ????0.10 | ????0.4 | ??7 | ??≤-0.05 | ??-40-+120 |
| Similar neodymium iron boron | ????0.10 | ????--- | ?--- | ??-0.12 | ??-40-+120 |
| Common electric machine | Copper cash temperature coefficient 0.4 | ????--- | ?--- | ??-0.4 | ??-40-+120 |
Wherein α is that magnet is at given working point magnetic energy product temperature coefficient
β is the temperature coefficient of compensative material
γ is a working clearance magnetic potential temperature coefficient
S
0/ S
1Be magnet sectional area/compensating part sectional area
Claims (7)
1. general compounded permanent magnet, it is characterized in that: this composite permanet magnet system is by 1～6 deblocking temperature compensative material (1), and 1～6 block of permanent magnetic material (2) assembles, and constitutes closed temperature compensation magnetic shunt between permanent magnetic material (2) and the temperature-compensating material (1).
2. by the described general compounded permanent magnet of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the permanent magnetic material (2) 1～3 block of permeability magnetic material (3) can be arranged.
3. by claim 1,2 described general compounded permanent magnets is characterized in that: (2) serial connection mutually between permanent magnetic material, and with temperature-compensating material (1) and connect.
4. by claim 1,2 described general composite permanent-magnetic material bodies is characterized in that permanent magnetic material (2) is the NdFeB rare earth permanent-magnetic material.
5. by the described general composite permanent-magnetic material body of claim 3, it is characterized in that permanent magnetic material (2) is the NdFeB rare earth permanent-magnetic material.
6. by claim 1,2 described general composite permanent-magnetic material bodies is characterized in that the temperature-compensating material is a Fe-Ni base thermomagnetic alloy.
7. by the described composite permanent-magnetic material of claim 3, it is characterized in that the temperature-compensating material is a Fe-Ni base thermomagnetic alloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96115257 CN1138736A (en) | 1995-04-27 | 1996-04-24 | General compounded permanent magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95110205 | 1995-04-27 | ||
| CN95110205.2 | 1995-04-27 | ||
| CN 96115257 CN1138736A (en) | 1995-04-27 | 1996-04-24 | General compounded permanent magnet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1138736A true CN1138736A (en) | 1996-12-25 |
Family
ID=25743742
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96115257 Pending CN1138736A (en) | 1995-04-27 | 1996-04-24 | General compounded permanent magnet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1138736A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9656943B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2017-05-23 | Chang Chun Plastics Co. Ltd. | Process for producing dimethyl carbonate |
| US11332431B2 (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2022-05-17 | National Tsing Hua University | Device and method for manufacturing dimethyl carbonate |
-
1996
- 1996-04-24 CN CN 96115257 patent/CN1138736A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9656943B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2017-05-23 | Chang Chun Plastics Co. Ltd. | Process for producing dimethyl carbonate |
| US11332431B2 (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2022-05-17 | National Tsing Hua University | Device and method for manufacturing dimethyl carbonate |
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