CN113872269A - Charging method - Google Patents

Charging method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113872269A
CN113872269A CN202111032309.5A CN202111032309A CN113872269A CN 113872269 A CN113872269 A CN 113872269A CN 202111032309 A CN202111032309 A CN 202111032309A CN 113872269 A CN113872269 A CN 113872269A
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China
Prior art keywords
battery
charging
capacity
voltage
updating
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CN202111032309.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
田艳峰
胡德鹏
姚顺义
胡金卫
陈继
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Evergrande New Energy Automobile Investment Holding Group Co Ltd
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Evergrande New Energy Automobile Investment Holding Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111032309.5A priority Critical patent/CN113872269A/en
Publication of CN113872269A publication Critical patent/CN113872269A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/0071—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a charging method, which comprises the following steps: updating battery parameters based on parameters associated with battery capacity fade, wherein the battery parameters include at least one of: the method comprises the following steps that initial capacity of a battery, charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the Nth charging process of the battery and first charging current in the Nth charging process are set, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; and (4) charging the battery for the (N + 1) th time based on the updated battery parameters. The embodiment achieves delaying of damage of the battery.

Description

Charging method
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of battery charging, and particularly relates to a charging method.
Background
The power battery is used as a core part of the new energy automobile, and the service life of the power battery directly influences the performance of the whole automobile. However, during charge and discharge over its life cycle, damage to the electrode material and increased decomposition of the electrolyte eventually lead to an increase in battery impedance and a decline in capacity.
In addition, in the charging and use process of the power battery, especially in the fast charging condition, the growth of a Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI) film inside the power battery and the loss rate of active substances are accelerated by a larger charging current, so that the capacity of the power battery is rapidly reduced, and therefore, in the charging process of the full life cycle of the battery, on the premise of meeting the charging requirement, how to delay the aggravation of the damage of the charging process to the battery becomes an important problem in the new energy industry.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a charging method, a charging device, and an electronic device, so as to delay damage to a battery during a charging process.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a charging method, including:
updating battery parameters based on parameters associated with battery capacity fade, wherein the battery parameters include at least one of: the method comprises the following steps that initial capacity of a battery, charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the Nth charging process of the battery and first charging current in the Nth charging process are set, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
and (4) charging the battery for the (N + 1) th time based on the updated battery parameters.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a charging device, including:
a parameter updating module, configured to update a battery parameter based on a parameter related to battery capacity fading, where the battery parameter includes at least one of: the method comprises the following steps that initial capacity of a battery, charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the Nth charging process of the battery and first charging current in the Nth charging process are set, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
and the charging module is used for carrying out (N + 1) th charging on the battery based on the updated battery parameters.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instructions stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instructions are stored, which when executed by a processor implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect.
In the implementation of the present application, the battery parameter is updated by a relevant parameter based on the battery capacity fading, wherein the battery parameter includes at least one of the following: the initial capacity of the battery, the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the Nth charging process of the battery and the first charging current in the Nth charging process of the battery are charged for the (N + 1) th time based on the updated battery parameters, so that the charging control and the battery capacity attenuation are synchronously performed, the influence of the charging current and the cut-off voltage on the service life of the battery is delayed, and the damage to the battery is delayed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a second flowchart illustrating a charging method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a module configuration of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application may be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and that the terms "first," "second," and the like are generally used herein in a generic sense and do not limit the number of terms, e.g., the first term can be one or more than one. In addition, "and/or" in the specification and claims means at least one of connected objects, a character "/" generally means that a preceding and succeeding related objects are in an "or" relationship.
The charging method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through specific embodiments and application scenarios thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, a flowchart of steps of a charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided, where the method includes:
step 101: and updating the battery parameters based on the relevant parameters of the battery capacity fading.
Wherein the battery parameters include at least one of: the method comprises the following steps of battery initial capacity, charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the Nth charging process of the battery and first charging current in the Nth charging process, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
Specifically, the nth charge is the current charge.
In addition, specifically, the first charging current in the nth charging process is a current that varies with temperature.
During the nth charge of the battery, a charging current (i.e., a first charging current) may be collected. Further, since the charging current has a correspondence relationship with the temperature and the state of charge (SOC), it is possible to specify the charging current at different temperatures and SOCs and obtain a correspondence table in which the correspondence relationship between different temperatures, SOCs, and charging currents is recorded.
The related parameters of the battery capacity attenuation are used for representing the capacity attenuation condition of the battery, so that the battery parameters such as the initial capacity of the battery, the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the Nth charging process, the charging current in the Nth charging process and the like are updated based on the related parameters of the battery capacity attenuation, the charging working condition is optimized and updated based on the capacity attenuation condition, the updated battery parameters are adaptive to the capacity attenuation condition of the battery, the charging control and the battery capacity attenuation are synchronously performed, the influence of the charging current and the cut-off voltage on the service life of the battery is delayed, and the damage to the battery is delayed.
Step 102: and (4) charging the battery for the (N + 1) th time based on the updated battery parameters.
After the battery parameters are updated, the updated battery parameters can be determined as parameters adopted by the (N + 1) th charging, that is, the (N + 1) th charging is performed on the battery based on the updated battery parameters, so that the coordination between the battery charging process and the life decay process is ensured, and the battery decay process is delayed.
In this way, the present embodiment updates the battery parameter based on the relevant parameter of the battery capacity fading, where the battery parameter includes at least one of the following: the initial capacity of the battery, the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the Nth charging process of the battery and the first charging current in the Nth charging process of the battery are charged for the (N + 1) th time based on the updated battery parameters, so that the charging working condition is optimally updated based on the capacity attenuation condition, the updated battery parameters are adapted to the capacity attenuation condition of the battery, the synchronous proceeding of the charging control and the battery capacity attenuation is ensured, the influence of the charging current and the cut-off voltage on the service life of the battery is delayed, and the damage to the battery is delayed.
In an implementation manner, when the battery parameter is updated based on the relevant parameter of the battery capacity fading, if the capacity fading residual of the battery acquired in advance is greater than or equal to the preset fading reference value, the battery parameter may be updated based on the relevant parameter of the battery capacity fading.
Specifically, in this manner, a battery capacity decay parameter may be obtained, and the capacity decay residual may be compared with a preset decay reference value.
If the capacity attenuation residual is larger than or equal to the attenuation reference value, it indicates that the charging condition needs to be optimized and updated, and the battery parameters can be updated.
Alternatively, the decay reference value may be the product of the decay factor and the number m of battery parameter updates, the first update being denoted as 1, and so on.
It should be noted that, the attenuation factor is set, mainly considering that the battery capacity attenuation in the charging process is a gradual accumulation and gradual change process along with the charging times, and will not change rapidly due to a certain charging condition or several charging conditions; meanwhile, in order to reduce the calculation load rate of Battery Management Systems (BMS), attenuation factors are introduced with reference to different Battery performances in the optimization update process. The attenuation factor can be set according to the design life of the battery and the change characteristic along with the charging times, and generally can be 0.01-0.05. Therefore, attenuation factors with different values are set according to the design life of the battery and the characteristics of the battery attenuation rate in different cycle stages, so that the frequency requirement can be matched and optimized.
In addition, optionally, it should be noted that, if the capacity fading residual is smaller than the fading reference value, the battery parameters are not updated, at this time, the corresponding first correspondence table and the charging cut-off voltage after the nth charging is finished may be saved, and the battery is charged N +1 times based on the corresponding first correspondence table and the charging cut-off voltage after the nth charging is finished; wherein the first correspondence table records a correspondence among the first temperature, the first SOC, and the first charging current.
Therefore, whether the battery parameters are updated or not is determined through the capacity attenuation residual error, the updating process of the battery parameters and the battery capacity attenuation are ensured to be synchronously performed, namely, the charging control process and the battery capacity attenuation are ensured to be synchronously performed, and the influence of the charging current and the cut-off voltage on the service life of the battery is delayed.
Optionally, the capacity fading residual is obtained based on a battery capacity difference between two charging processes, wherein one of the two charging processes is an nth charging process.
In addition, optionally, the total temperature change interval during the battery charging process may be divided into a plurality of temperature intervals according to a preset interval, the battery capacity difference of the two charging processes corresponding to each temperature interval is calculated, and then the capacity fading residual error is obtained based on the battery capacity difference of the two charging processes corresponding to each temperature interval, the number of temperature intervals, and the initial capacity of the battery. Therefore, the total temperature change interval is divided, and the capacity attenuation residual error is obtained based on the battery capacity difference value of the two charging processes corresponding to each temperature interval, so that the accuracy of the obtained capacity attenuation residual error is ensured.
Specifically, in one implementation, the capacity fade residual is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003245669650000051
wherein, CηRepresenting the capacity fade residual, n representing the number of temperature intervals previously divided over the total interval of temperature change during the battery charging, Δ CiRepresenting the battery capacity difference value C of the battery in the temperature interval i and under the same voltage in the two charging processes0Representing the initial capacity of the battery.
Specifically, the total temperature change interval may be divided into a plurality of temperature intervals according to the temperature change range during the charging process. For example, it is possible to refer to a database in which a record is stored at an initial charging stage of the battery, in which correspondence among temperature, capacity, and voltage is recorded, and count a difference in capacity of the battery at the same temperature interval and the same voltage (which may be an average voltage in the temperature interval) in two charging processes. The initial charging stage of the battery is divided according to the service life of the battery, for example, according to the life decay characteristic track of the lithium battery, and the initial charging stage is that the charging and discharging cycle is between 50 times and 300 times.
In another implementation, the battery parameter is updated based on a parameter related to the battery capacity fade, including at least one of:
updating the initial capacity of the battery through the following formula;
C0′＝C0×Cη；
updating the first charging current by the following formula;
A0′＝A0×[λ×(1-ΔCi/C0)q+β×(1-ΔCi/C0)q-1+…+γ]；
updating the charge cut-off voltage by the following formula;
Figure BDA0003245669650000061
wherein, C0' represents a target initial capacity of the battery after updating the initial capacity of the battery, C0Represents the initial capacity, C, of the batteryηRepresenting a capacity fade residual of the battery;
A0' represents a target charging current after updating a first charging current corresponding to an ith temperature interval in an Nth charging process, wherein the ith temperature interval is one of N temperature intervals, the N temperature intervals are obtained by dividing a total temperature change interval in the process of charging the battery in advance, and A0Represents the charging current corresponding to the ith temperature interval in the initial charging stage of the battery, wherein lambda, beta, gamma and q are constants, and deltaCiThe battery capacity difference value of the battery in a temperature interval i in two charging processes and under the same voltage is represented;
Vmax' represents a target charge cut-off voltage, V, after updating the charge cut-off voltagemaxRepresents the maximum cut-off voltage, V, of the battery at the initial stage of charging0Indicating the initial voltage, Δ V, of the initial stage of chargingiRepresenting the difference value between the actual voltage and the initial voltage in the Nth charging process of the battery in the temperature interval i;
wherein the capacity fade related parameter comprises at least one of a capacity fade residual of the battery, the battery capacity difference value, and an actual voltage of the battery during the Nth charging process.
Specifically, the updated target battery initial capacity is the product of the battery initial capacity and the capacity attenuation residual error, so that the capacity attenuation process is considered in updating the battery initial capacity, and the battery control and the battery capacity attenuation are synchronously performed.
In addition, specifically, the updated target charging current is a polynomial function of the charging current at the initial stage of battery charging, and can be expressed as that the charging current at each stage shows a descending trend with different amplitudes after optimization along with the attenuation of the battery capacity, so that the damage of a larger current to the battery material and structure is reduced, and the damage of the battery is relieved.
It should be noted that, after the battery parameter is updated, the number of updates may be recorded, that is, 1 is added to the number of last updates, and the updated battery parameter and the number of updates are stored for use in next suboptimal update. Meanwhile, by means of accumulated storage of the updating times, updating of the attenuation updating times in the whole life cycle can be achieved.
By updating the initial capacity and the charging current of the battery, the corresponding relation among the temperature, the SOC and the charging current according to the charging of the battery is updated; in addition, by updating the initial capacity, the charging current and the charging cut-off voltage of the battery, the synchronous progress of the charging control and the battery capacity attenuation is ensured, and the influence of the charging current and the cut-off voltage on the service life of the battery is delayed.
In another implementation, before updating the battery parameters based on the relevant parameters of the battery capacity fading, it may be further determined whether a load duty of the battery management system BMS is less than or equal to a preset duty threshold.
At this time, if the load duty ratio is less than or equal to the preset duty ratio threshold, entering a step of updating battery parameters based on relevant parameters of battery capacity attenuation; and if the load duty ratio is larger than the preset duty ratio threshold value, storing a corresponding first corresponding relation table and charging cut-off voltage after the Nth charging of the battery is finished, wherein the corresponding relation among the first temperature, the first SOC and the first charging current is recorded in the first corresponding relation table.
Specifically, the preset duty threshold may take a range of 30% to 50%, which is not limited herein.
Specifically, after the nth charging is completed and before the battery parameters are updated, it may be determined whether the load duty of the BMS is less than or equal to a preset duty threshold. If the load duty ratio is larger than the preset duty ratio threshold value, storing a corresponding first corresponding relation table and a charging cut-off voltage after the Nth charging of the battery is finished as a next charging condition; if the load duty ratio is less than or equal to the preset duty ratio threshold, the step of updating the battery parameters can be carried out.
Whether the battery parameters are updated or not is determined through the load duty ratio based on the BMS, the low-load time stage of the BMS is fully utilized, and the problem that the high-load operation of a processor influences the communication and the performance of the whole vehicle is solved.
In another implementation, before updating the battery parameter based on the relevant parameter of the battery capacity fade, the following steps may be further included:
step B1: and charging the battery for the Nth time based on a second corresponding relation table corresponding to the charging for the Nth-1 st time, wherein the second corresponding relation table records corresponding relations among a second temperature, a second SOC and a second charging current.
Specifically, the vehicle starts to be charged, and the charging process adopts the second corresponding relation table after the last charging, namely N-1 times of charging is finished, so that the battery charging process and the battery capacity fading are synchronously carried out.
In addition, the vehicle may adopt an initial correspondence table when the battery is shipped when the vehicle is first charged.
Step B2: in the Nth charging process, the first temperature, the battery voltage, the first charging current and the first SOC are obtained once every preset time interval.
In the charging process, the temperature, the voltage and the charging current data of the battery can be collected through the BMS, namely, the first temperature, the battery voltage and the first charging current can be obtained at preset time intervals.
Specifically, the battery can be a single battery in a vehicle battery pack,
in addition, specifically, the first SOC may be calculated by referring to the first temperature, the battery voltage, and the first charging current, and the acquired data of the first temperature, the battery voltage, the battery charging capacity, the first charging current, and the first SOC may be stored, so as to obtain a first correspondence table in which correspondence among the first temperature, the first SOC, and the first charging current is recorded, and obtain a database in which the first temperature, the battery charging capacity, and the battery voltage are recorded.
Specifically, in the service cycle of the full life of the battery, along with the accumulation of the charging and discharging times and the service time of the battery, the structure and the material activity of the internal material of the battery are changed, and the capacity and the single open-circuit voltage of the battery are changed accordingly. In the embodiment, the battery is charged for the Nth time based on the second corresponding relation table corresponding to the battery after the charging for the Nth-1 st time is finished, so that the influence of attenuation damage of the battery in the use process is considered, and the problems that the initial state current, the SOC and the cut-off voltage are still adopted as the charging control conditions in the subsequent charging process and the actual condition of the service cycle of the battery in the whole service life is not met are solved.
It should be further noted that, in another implementation manner, after acquiring the first temperature, the battery voltage, the first charging current, and the first SOC every preset time interval in the nth charging process, the following steps may be further included:
under the condition that the first SOC is greater than or equal to a capacity state reference value and/or the battery voltage is greater than or equal to a voltage reference value, acquiring a battery voltage average value in a temperature interval, wherein the temperature interval is obtained by dividing a total temperature change interval in the battery charging process in advance; and stopping charging when the first SOC is more than or equal to a charging cut-off SOC corresponding to the N-1 th charging end and/or the average value of the battery voltage is more than or equal to a cut-off voltage threshold corresponding to the N-1 st charging end.
Specifically, the reference value of the capacity state can be 80% -90%, and the value of the reference value is related to the SOC threshold value and the temperature rise rate corresponding to the set current reduction in the charging process; the voltage reference value may be a product of the charge cut-off voltage and a preset ratio, and the preset ratio may be 0.85-0.95.
By comparing the first SOC with the capacity state reference value and comparing the battery voltage with the voltage reference value, whether the charging process is close to a set charging cut-off condition or not is judged, so that whether the temperature rise in the charging and discharging process is close to the smoothness or is about to start to fall or not can be judged, and the phenomenon that the temperature value in the charging process is greatly overflowed in the follow-up statistics process is avoided.
In addition, specifically, if the first SOC is greater than or equal to the capacity state reference value and/or the battery voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage reference value, the total temperature change interval is divided into a plurality of temperature intervals according to a preset interval according to the temperature change range of the charging process, and the battery voltage average value and the battery capacity average value in the temperature intervals are calculated.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003245669650000101
Vi_avgrepresents the average value of the battery voltage in the temperature interval i, E represents the number of single batteries, VeTo representBattery monomer VeAverage voltage value in the ith temperature interval;
Cirepresents the average value of the battery capacity, C, in the temperature interval i_intIndicates the initial capacity, SOC, of the unit celltAnd represents the SOC value at the time t, and tt represents the time of the total interval of temperature change, namely the average value of the battery capacity in the temperature interval i is equal to the ratio of the total battery capacity value to the time.
After the average value of the battery voltage and the average value of the battery capacity in each temperature interval i are obtained through calculation, the mapping relation among the temperature intervals, the average value of the voltage and the average value of the capacity can be stored, so that data support can be provided for calculating capacity attenuation residual errors, updating parameters and the like.
It should be noted that if the SOC is smaller than the capacity state reference value and the cell voltage value is smaller than the voltage reference value, the charging is continued.
In addition, specifically, if the first SOC is greater than or equal to a charging cut-off SOC corresponding to the charging end of the (N-1) th time and/or the average value of the voltage of the battery is greater than or equal to a cut-off voltage threshold corresponding to the charging end of the (N-1) th time, the charging is stopped, otherwise, the charging is continued, so that whether the charging is stopped in the charging process of the Nth time or not is judged through the charging cut-off SOC and the cut-off voltage threshold of the (N-1) th time, the charging control and the battery capacity fading are ensured to be synchronously performed, and the influence of the charging current and the cut-off voltage on the service life of the battery is delayed.
In another implementation manner, after the battery parameters are updated based on the relevant parameters of the battery capacity attenuation, the life attenuation factor of the battery can be obtained, and the battery life is warned when the life attenuation factor is greater than or equal to the preset warning threshold.
Specifically, the early warning threshold may be set according to the design life of the entire vehicle battery, for example, 0.8 may be taken.
Optionally, the obtaining of the life decay factor of the battery may include the following steps:
step C1: and acquiring the total throughput of the service life of the battery, the capacity attenuation residual error and the sum of the throughput of the battery capacity after the Nth charging of the battery.
In particular, the increase Δ C of the battery capacity stored in the battery log may be recorded per charging processjCalculating the sum of the battery capacity throughput after the Nth charging
Figure BDA0003245669650000111
Where N represents the total number of battery charges, Δ CjIndicating the increase in battery capacity after the j-th charge.
The capacity attenuation residual may be calculated based on a battery capacity difference between two charging processes, and the calculation process may refer to the calculation process of the capacity attenuation residual in the above embodiment, which is not described herein again.
The total throughput of the battery life is a predetermined value.
Step C2: and calculating the battery throughput capacity ratio based on the total throughput of the battery life and the total throughput of the battery capacity.
Specifically, in this step, the battery throughput capacity ratio may be calculated by the following formula;
Cξ＝Cadd×100％/Cmax；
wherein, CξRepresenting the ratio of the throughput capacity of the battery, CaddRepresenting the sum of the battery capacity throughputs, CmaxRepresenting the total throughput of the battery life.
Step C3: and calculating the life attenuation factor based on the battery throughput capacity ratio and the capacity attenuation residual error.
Specifically, in this step, the lifetime attenuation factor may be calculated by the following formula;
τ＝δ×Cξ+p×Cη；
wherein τ represents the life decay factor, CηRepresenting the capacity fade residual, δ and p are both weighting factors, and the sum of δ and p is 1.
Therefore, the service life attenuation factor is obtained through calculation in the steps, the accumulated calculation of the battery capacity throughput in the historical charging process is realized, and the comprehensive evaluation and early warning of the service life of the battery are realized by combining the calculation result of the capacity attenuation rate.
In this way, the present embodiment updates the battery parameters by updating the battery parameters when the preset conditions are satisfied, wherein the battery parameters include at least one of the following: the initial capacity of the battery, the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the Nth charging process of the battery and the first charging current in the Nth charging process of the battery are charged for the (N + 1) th time based on the updated battery parameters, so that the charging control and the battery capacity attenuation are synchronously performed, the influence of the charging current and the cut-off voltage on the service life of the battery is delayed, and the damage to the battery is delayed.
The overall flow of the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 2.
Referring to fig. 2, the battery charging includes the steps of:
step 1, the vehicle starts to charge for the Nth time, and the charging process adopts a corresponding relation table Of Temperature-capacity State-charging current (T-SOC-A) after the last time, namely N-1 times Of charging is finished; specifically, when the vehicle is charged for the first time, a T-SOC-A table of an initial state of the battery when the battery leaves a factory is adopted;
step 2, acquiring temperature, voltage and charging current data of each battery monomer through a BMS in the charging process;
step 3, the BMS refers to the charging current, the monomer temperature and the monomer voltage, calculates an SOC value, and dynamically stores the collected temperature, voltage and charging current data of the battery monomer, the SOC value and the dynamic charging capacity to obtain a corresponding relation table among the temperature, the capacity state and the charging current corresponding to the charging;
and 4, judging whether the calculated SOC is larger than or equal to the capacity state reference value omega or whether the monomer voltage value is larger than or equal to the dynamic voltage reference value omega.
The capacity state reference value omega can be 80% -90%, and the value of the capacity state reference value omega is related to the SOC threshold value and the temperature rise rate corresponding to the set current reduction in the charging process; the dynamic voltage reference value omega is the product of the charge cut-off voltage and psi, and psi can be 0.85-0.95.
It should be noted that this step is mainly to determine whether the charging process is close to the set charge cut-off condition, so as to determine whether the temperature rise in the charging and discharging process is close to a gentle temperature rise or is about to start to decrease, thereby avoiding a large overflow of the temperature value in the subsequent statistical charging process.
And 5, if the SOC is larger than or equal to omega or the monomer voltage value is larger than or equal to omega, dividing the total temperature change interval into a plurality of temperature intervals according to a preset time interval (delta T) according to the temperature change range in the charging process, counting the voltage data of each monomer in each temperature interval, and calculating the average value of the monomer voltage and the average value of the monomer capacity in each temperature interval.
And after the voltage average value of the single battery and the capacity average value of the single battery are obtained through calculation, storing the mapping relation among the temperature, the voltage average value and the capacity average value.
If the SOC is smaller than ω and the cell voltage value is smaller than Ω, the charging is continued.
Step 6, the BMS refers to the (N-1) th charging cut-off SOC and the charging cut-off voltage threshold according to the dynamic SOC and the monomer voltage data, and judges whether the current SOC and the voltage of the monomer battery reach the charging cut-off condition, namely whether the current SOC is more than or equal to the charging cut-off SOC corresponding to the (N-1) time or whether the monomer voltage value is more than or equal to the charging cut-off voltage threshold corresponding to the (N-1) time;
of course, the charge cutoff SOC and the charge cutoff voltage threshold set in the initial state of the battery when the battery is shipped are used for the first charge.
Step 7, if the SOC or the single voltage value in the step 6 reaches the charge cut-off condition, stopping charging, and recording the total charge capacity Cn of the battery system at the time; if not, the charging is continued until the condition is satisfied.
Step 8, after the charging in step 7 is finished, whether the load duty ratio of the BMS is less than or equal to a preset duty ratio threshold value a can be judged; if the load duty ratio is larger than a preset duty ratio threshold value a, keeping a corresponding relation table (namely a T-SOC-A table) among the temperature, the capacity state and the charging current obtained by the charging and a cut-off charging voltage as a next charging condition; and if the load duty ratio is less than or equal to the preset duty ratio threshold value a, entering a capacity attenuation residual error calculation process.
Specifically, the preset duty ratio threshold value a can be a range value of 30% -50%; it should be noted that the determination process of this step is mainly performed to fully utilize the low load time period of the BMS, and to avoid the high load operation of the processor from affecting the communication and performance of the entire vehicle.
And 9, if the load duty ratio of the battery BMS in the step 8 is less than or equal to a, referring to a temperature-capacity-voltage database stored and recorded in the initial charging stage of the battery, counting the battery capacity difference value between the same temperature interval and the same average voltage in the two charging processes, and recording the battery capacity difference value between each temperature interval and the same voltage as delta CiThe capacity fading residual within the total interval of temperature variation and voltage range is
Figure BDA0003245669650000131
Figure BDA0003245669650000132
Wherein, C0The initial capacity value under the single temperature interval and the voltage in the initial stage, and n is the number of the temperature intervals divided by the total temperature change interval.
At the same time, the increase value Delta C of the battery capacity stored according to the battery record in each charging processjCalculating the sum of the throughput increase of the time mileage after the Nth charging
Figure BDA0003245669650000141
I.e., the sum of the battery capacity throughputs up until the nth charge.
Step 10, judging capacity attenuation residual CηWith respect to the magnitude of a predetermined attenuation reference value, if CηIf the attenuation reference value is greater than or equal to the attenuation reference value, the charging working condition needs to be optimized and updated; otherwise, it is not performed. The attenuation reference value may be a product of k and m, where k is an attenuation factor, m is an optimization update time, and the first optimization update is denoted as 1, and so on.
It should be noted that, the attenuation factor k is set, mainly considering that the battery capacity attenuation in the charging process is a gradual accumulation and gradual change process along with the charging times, and will not change rapidly due to a certain charging condition or several charging conditions; meanwhile, in order to reduce the BMS calculation load rate, the attenuation factor k needs to be introduced by referring to different battery performances in the optimization process. The attenuation factor k can be set according to the design life of the battery and the change characteristic along with the charging times, and generally can be 0.01-0.05. For example, according to the lithium battery life attenuation characteristic track, in the initial stage of the cycle number (the charge-discharge cycle is between 50 and 300), the battery capacity attenuation rate presents a nonlinear rapid descending trend, in the middle stage (the charge-discharge cycle is between 300 and 1000), the attenuation rate presents a gentle state, and in the end stage of the life, the battery capacity attenuation rate presents an acceleration characteristic.
Step 11, if the capacity fading residual CηIf the initial capacity C is larger than or equal to the attenuation reference value, the initial capacity C of the battery is updated0′＝C0×Cη(ii) a The T-SOC-A table of the charging process at this stage is optimally updated as follows:
after optimization of Interval charging at different temperatures and under SOC0′＝A0×[λ×(1-ΔCi/C0)q+β×(1-ΔCi/C0)q-1+…+γ]The charging current is a polynomial function of the initial current, and can be described as that the charging current in each stage shows a descending trend with different amplitudes after the optimization along with the attenuation of the battery capacity so as to reduce the damage of the larger current to the battery material and structure; at the same time, the highest charge cutoff voltage
Figure BDA0003245669650000142
Wherein, is Δ ViIs the difference between the actual voltage and the initial voltage at the same temperature and SOC, VmaxThe maximum cutoff voltage is charged for the initial phase.
If capacity fade residual CηIf the value is less than the attenuation reference value, the charging optimization process is not carried out, and the corresponding relation table (namely the T-SOC-A table) among the temperature, the capacity state and the charging current corresponding to the current charging and the charging cut-off voltage threshold value are kept unchanged.
Step 12, recording the optimization times, and adding 1 to the last optimization time, namely m is m + 1; and storing a corresponding relation table among the temperature, the capacity state and the charging current corresponding to the optimization, a charging cut-off voltage threshold value and optimization frequency data for calling during the next optimization.
Step 13, according to the total battery capacity throughput of the Nth charging time in step 9
Figure BDA0003245669650000151
Calculating set life battery throughput capacity ratio Cξ＝Cadd×100％/CmaxIn which C ismaxDesigning a lifetime total throughput capacity for the battery; at the same time, the capacity fading residual C is combinedηCalculating the decay factor tau of battery life as delta x Cξ+p×Cη(ii) a Wherein, δ and Φ are both weighting factors, δ + p is 1.
And 14, judging whether the battery life attenuation factor tau reaches an early warning threshold Q of the battery life according to the calculation result of the step 13, wherein Q can be set according to the design life of the battery of the whole vehicle and can be 0.8.
And step 15, if the battery life attenuation factor tau is larger than or equal to the early warning threshold Q in the step 14, early warning is carried out, otherwise, the stored data is adopted to execute the charging task in the next charging.
In the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the execution main body may be a charging device, or a control module in the charging device for executing the charging method. In the embodiment of the present application, a charging method performed by a charging device is taken as an example, and the charging device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described.
As shown in fig. 3, the charging apparatus includes a parameter updating module 301 and a charging module 302;
a parameter updating module 301, configured to update a battery parameter based on a parameter related to battery capacity fading, where the battery parameter includes at least one of: the method comprises the following steps that initial capacity of a battery, charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the Nth charging process of the battery and first charging current in the Nth charging process are set, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
and a charging module 302, configured to charge the battery for the (N + 1) th time based on the updated battery parameter.
In one implementation, the parameter updating module is configured to update the battery parameter based on a relevant parameter of battery capacity fading if a capacity fading residual of the battery acquired in advance is greater than or equal to a preset fading reference value.
In one implementation, the capacity fade residual is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003245669650000161
wherein, CηRepresenting the capacity fade residual, n representing the number of temperature intervals previously divided over the total interval of temperature change during the battery charging, Δ CiRepresenting the battery capacity difference value C of the battery in the temperature interval i and under the same voltage in the two charging processes0Representing the initial capacity of the battery.
In one implementation, the parameter update module is configured to perform at least one of:
updating the initial capacity of the battery through the following formula;
C0′＝C0×Cη；
updating the first charging current based on the following formula;
A0′＝A0×[λ×(1-ΔCi/C0)q+β×(1-ΔCi/C0)q-1+…+γ]；
updating the charge cut-off voltage by the following formula;
Figure BDA0003245669650000162
wherein, C0' represents a target initial capacity of the battery after updating the initial capacity of the battery, C0Represents the initial capacity, C, of the batteryηRepresenting a capacity fade residual of the battery;
A0' represents a target charging current after updating a first charging current corresponding to an ith temperature interval in an Nth charging process, wherein the ith temperature interval is one of N temperature intervals, the N temperature intervals are obtained by dividing a total temperature change interval in the process of charging the battery in advance, and A0Represents the charging current corresponding to the ith temperature interval in the initial charging stage of the battery, wherein lambda, beta, gamma and q are constants, and deltaCiThe battery capacity difference value of the battery in a temperature interval i in two charging processes and under the same voltage is represented;
Vmax' represents a target charge cut-off voltage, V, after updating the charge cut-off voltagemaxRepresents the maximum cut-off voltage, V, of the battery at the initial stage of charging0Indicating the initial voltage, Δ V, of the initial stage of chargingiRepresenting the difference value between the actual voltage and the initial voltage in the Nth charging process of the battery in the temperature interval i;
wherein the capacity fade related parameter comprises at least one of a capacity fade residual of the battery, the battery capacity difference value, and an actual voltage of the battery during the Nth charging process.
In one implementation, the parameter updating module is configured to determine whether a load duty of the battery management system BMS is less than or equal to a preset duty threshold;
if the load duty ratio is less than or equal to the preset duty ratio threshold, entering a step of updating battery parameters based on the relevant parameters of the battery capacity attenuation;
and if the load duty ratio is larger than the preset duty ratio threshold, storing a corresponding first corresponding relation table and the charging cut-off voltage after the Nth charging of the battery is finished, wherein the corresponding relation among the first temperature, the first SOC and the first charging current is recorded in the first corresponding relation table.
In one implementation manner, the parameter updating module is configured to perform nth charging on the battery based on a second correspondence table corresponding to the nth-1 th charging completion, where a correspondence between a second temperature, a second SOC, and a second charging current is recorded in the second correspondence table; in the Nth charging process, the first temperature, the battery voltage, the first charging current and the first SOC are obtained once every preset time interval.
In one implementation, the parameter updating module is configured to, under a condition that the first SOC is greater than or equal to a capacity state reference value and/or the battery voltage is greater than or equal to a voltage reference value, obtain a battery voltage average value in a temperature interval, where the temperature interval is obtained by dividing a total temperature change interval in a battery charging process in advance; and stopping charging when the first SOC is more than or equal to a charging cut-off SOC corresponding to the N-1 th charging end and/or the average value of the battery voltage is more than or equal to a charging cut-off voltage threshold corresponding to the N-1 st charging end.
In one implementation, the system further comprises an early warning module, configured to obtain a life decay factor of the battery; and under the condition that the life attenuation factor is greater than or equal to a preset early warning threshold value, early warning is carried out on the service life of the battery.
In one implementation, the early warning module is configured to obtain a total throughput of a battery life, a capacity attenuation residual, and a total battery capacity throughput after an nth charge of the battery; calculating to obtain a battery throughput capacity ratio based on the total throughput of the battery life and the total throughput of the battery capacity; and calculating the life attenuation factor based on the battery throughput capacity ratio and the capacity attenuation residual error.
In one implementation, the early warning module is configured to calculate the battery throughput capacity ratio according to the following formula;
Cξ＝Cadd×100％/Cmax；
wherein, CξRepresenting the battery throughput capacityRatio, CaddRepresenting the sum of the battery capacity throughputs, CmaxRepresenting the total throughput of battery life;
calculating the life attenuation factor by the following formula;
τ＝δ×Cξ+p×Cη；
wherein τ represents the life decay factor, CηRepresenting the capacity fade residual, δ and p are both weighting factors, and the sum of δ and p is 1.
In this embodiment, the parameter updating module updates the battery parameter through the relevant parameter based on the battery capacity fading, where the battery parameter includes at least one of the following: the initial capacity of the battery, the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the Nth charging process of the battery and the first charging current in the Nth charging process of the battery are charged for the (N + 1) th time through the charging module based on the updated battery parameters, so that the charging control and the battery capacity decay are ensured to be synchronously performed, the influence of the charging current and the cut-off voltage on the service life of the battery is delayed, and the damage to the battery is delayed.
It should be noted that the charging device provided in the foregoing embodiment can implement all the method steps and beneficial effects of the charging method embodiment, and for avoiding repetition, the method steps and beneficial effects in this embodiment that are the same as those in the foregoing method embodiment are not described again.
Corresponding to the charging method provided in the foregoing embodiment, based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device is configured to execute the charging method, and fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device implementing various embodiments of the present application. Electronic devices may have a large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include a processor (processor)410, a communication Interface (Communications Interface)420, a memory (memory)430, and a communication bus 440, where the processor 410, the communication Interface 420, and the memory 430 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 440. The processor 410 may invoke a computer program stored on the memory 430 and executable on the processor 410 to perform the following steps:
updating battery parameters based on parameters associated with battery capacity fade, wherein the battery parameters include at least one of: the method comprises the following steps that initial capacity of a battery, charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the Nth charging process of the battery and first charging current in the Nth charging process are set, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
and (4) charging the battery for the (N + 1) th time based on the updated battery parameters.
In one implementation, the parameter updating module is configured to update the battery parameter based on a relevant parameter of battery capacity fading if a capacity fading residual of the battery acquired in advance is greater than or equal to a preset fading reference value.
In one implementation, the updating the battery parameter based on the parameter related to the battery capacity fade includes:
and if the pre-acquired capacity attenuation residual error of the battery is greater than or equal to the preset attenuation reference value, updating the battery parameters based on the relevant parameters of the battery capacity attenuation.
In one implementation, the capacity fade residual is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003245669650000191
wherein, CηRepresenting the capacity fade residual, n representing the number of temperature intervals previously divided over the total interval of temperature change during the battery charging, Δ CiRepresenting the battery capacity difference value C of the battery in the temperature interval i and under the same voltage in the two charging processes0Representing the initial capacity of the battery.
In one implementation, the updating the battery parameter based on the relevant parameter of the battery capacity fade includes at least one of:
updating the initial capacity of the battery through the following formula;
C0′＝C0×Cη；
updating the first charging current based on the following formula;
A0′＝A0×[λ×(1-ΔCi/C0)q+β×(1-ΔCi/C0)q-1+…+γ]；
updating the charge cut-off voltage by the following formula;
Figure BDA0003245669650000192
wherein, C0' represents a target initial capacity of the battery after updating the initial capacity of the battery, C0Represents the initial capacity, C, of the batteryηRepresenting a capacity fade residual of the battery;
A0' represents a target charging current after updating a first charging current corresponding to an ith temperature interval in an Nth charging process, wherein the ith temperature interval is one of N temperature intervals, the N temperature intervals are obtained by dividing a total temperature change interval in the process of charging the battery in advance, and A0Represents the charging current corresponding to the ith temperature interval in the initial charging stage of the battery, wherein lambda, beta, gamma and q are constants, and deltaCiThe battery capacity difference value of the battery in a temperature interval i in two charging processes and under the same voltage is represented;
Vmax' represents a target charge cut-off voltage, V, after updating the charge cut-off voltagemaxRepresents the maximum cut-off voltage, V, of the battery at the initial stage of charging0Indicating the initial voltage, Δ V, of the initial stage of chargingiRepresenting the difference value between the actual voltage and the initial voltage in the Nth charging process of the battery in the temperature interval i;
wherein the capacity fade related parameter comprises at least one of a capacity fade residual of the battery, the battery capacity difference value, and an actual voltage of the battery during the Nth charging process.
In one implementation, before updating the battery parameter based on the parameter related to the battery capacity fade, the method further includes: judging whether the load duty ratio of the battery management system BMS is less than or equal to a preset duty ratio threshold value or not; if the load duty ratio is less than or equal to the preset duty ratio threshold, entering a step of updating battery parameters based on the relevant parameters of the battery capacity attenuation; and if the load duty ratio is larger than the preset duty ratio threshold, storing a corresponding first corresponding relation table and the charging cut-off voltage after the Nth charging of the battery is finished, wherein the corresponding relation among the first temperature, the first SOC and the first charging current is recorded in the first corresponding relation table.
In one implementation, before the updating the battery parameter based on the relevant parameter of the battery capacity fade, the method further includes: charging the battery for the Nth time based on a second corresponding relation table corresponding to the charging for the Nth-1 st time, wherein the second corresponding relation table records corresponding relations among a second temperature, a second SOC and a second charging current; in the Nth charging process, the first temperature, the battery voltage, the first charging current and the first SOC are obtained once every preset time interval.
In one implementation manner, after acquiring the first temperature, the battery voltage, the first charging current, and the first SOC every preset time interval in the nth charging process, the method further includes: under the condition that the first SOC is greater than or equal to a capacity state reference value and/or the battery voltage is greater than or equal to a voltage reference value, acquiring a battery voltage average value in a temperature interval, wherein the temperature interval is obtained by dividing a total temperature change interval in the battery charging process in advance; and stopping charging when the first SOC is more than or equal to a charging cut-off SOC corresponding to the N-1 th charging end and/or the average value of the battery voltage is more than or equal to a charging cut-off voltage threshold corresponding to the N-1 st charging end.
In one implementation, after the updating the battery parameter based on the relevant parameter of the battery capacity fade, the method further includes: obtaining a life attenuation factor of the battery; and under the condition that the life attenuation factor is greater than or equal to a preset early warning threshold value, early warning is carried out on the service life of the battery.
In one implementation, the obtaining the life decay factor of the battery includes: acquiring the total throughput of the service life of the battery, the capacity attenuation residual error and the sum of the throughput of the battery capacity after the Nth charging of the battery; calculating to obtain a battery throughput capacity ratio based on the total throughput of the battery life and the total throughput of the battery capacity; and calculating the life attenuation factor based on the battery throughput capacity ratio and the capacity attenuation residual error.
In one implementation, the calculating a battery throughput-capacity ratio based on the total throughput of the battery life and the sum of the battery capacity throughputs includes:
calculating to obtain the battery throughput capacity ratio through the following formula;
Cξ＝Cadd×100％/Cmax；
wherein, CξRepresenting the ratio of the throughput capacity of the battery, CaddRepresenting the sum of the battery capacity throughputs, CmaxRepresenting the total throughput of battery life;
the calculating the life attenuation factor based on the battery throughput capacity ratio and the capacity attenuation residual error comprises:
calculating the life attenuation factor by the following formula;
τ＝δ×Cξ+p×Cη；
wherein τ represents the life decay factor, CηRepresenting the capacity fade residual, δ and p are both weighting factors, and the sum of δ and p is 1.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, where a program or an instruction is stored, and when the program or the instruction is executed by a processor, the process of the charging method embodiment is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved, and in order to avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.
The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and so on.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, where the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run a program or an instruction to implement each process of the above charging method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect, and for avoiding repetition, the details are not repeated here.
It should be understood that the chips mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as system-on-chip, system-on-chip or system-on-chip, etc.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. Further, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatus of the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing the functions in the order illustrated or discussed, but may include performing the functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order based on the functions involved, e.g., the methods described may be performed in an order different than that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the method of the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application may be embodied in the form of a computer software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes instructions for enabling a terminal (such as a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present application.
While the present embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise embodiments described above, which are meant to be illustrative and not restrictive, and that various changes may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A charging method, characterized in that the charging method comprises:
updating battery parameters based on parameters associated with battery capacity fade, wherein the battery parameters include at least one of: the method comprises the following steps that initial capacity of a battery, charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the Nth charging process of the battery and first charging current in the Nth charging process are set, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
and (4) charging the battery for the (N + 1) th time based on the updated battery parameters.
2. The charging method according to claim 1, wherein the updating the battery parameter based on the parameter related to the battery capacity fade comprises:
and if the pre-acquired capacity attenuation residual error of the battery is greater than or equal to the preset attenuation reference value, updating the battery parameters based on the relevant parameters of the battery capacity attenuation.
3. The charging method of claim 2, wherein the capacity fade residual is calculated by the following equation:
Figure FDA0003245669640000011
wherein, CηRepresenting the capacity fade residual, n representing the number of temperature intervals previously divided over the total interval of temperature change during the battery charging, Δ CiRepresenting the battery capacity difference value C of the battery in the temperature interval i and under the same voltage in the two charging processes0Representing the initial capacity of the battery.
4. The charging method according to claim 1, wherein the updating the battery parameter based on the parameter related to the battery capacity fade comprises at least one of:
updating the initial capacity of the battery through the following formula;
C0′＝C0×Cη；
updating the first charging current based on the following formula;
A0′＝A0×[λ×(1-ΔCi/C0)q+β×(1-ΔCi/C0)q-1+…+γ]；
updating the charge cut-off voltage by the following formula;
Figure FDA0003245669640000012
wherein, C0' represents a target initial capacity of the battery after updating the initial capacity of the battery, C0Represents the initial capacity, C, of the batteryηRepresenting a capacity fade residual of the battery;
A0' represents a target charging current after updating a first charging current corresponding to an ith temperature interval in an Nth charging process, wherein the ith temperature interval is one of N temperature intervals, the N temperature intervals are obtained by dividing a total temperature change interval in the process of charging the battery in advance, and A0Indicating battery charge initiationCharging current corresponding to the ith temperature interval of the phase, wherein lambda, beta, gamma and q are constants, and delta CiThe battery capacity difference value of the battery in a temperature interval i in two charging processes and under the same voltage is represented;
Vmax' represents a target charge cut-off voltage, V, after updating the charge cut-off voltagemaxRepresents the maximum cut-off voltage, V, of the battery at the initial stage of charging0Indicating the initial voltage, Δ V, of the initial stage of chargingiRepresenting the difference value between the actual voltage and the initial voltage in the Nth charging process of the battery in the temperature interval i;
wherein the capacity fade related parameter comprises at least one of a capacity fade residual of the battery, the battery capacity difference value, and an actual voltage of the battery during the Nth charging process.
5. The charging method according to claim 1, wherein before updating the battery parameter based on the parameter related to the battery capacity fade, the method further comprises:
judging whether the load duty ratio of the battery management system BMS is smaller than a preset duty ratio threshold value or not;
if the load duty ratio is less than or equal to the preset duty ratio threshold, entering a step of updating battery parameters based on the relevant parameters of the battery capacity attenuation;
and if the load duty ratio is larger than the preset duty ratio threshold, storing a corresponding first corresponding relation table and the charging cut-off voltage after the Nth charging of the battery is finished, wherein the corresponding relation among the first temperature, the first SOC and the first charging current is recorded in the first corresponding relation table.
6. The charging method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein before the updating the battery parameter based on the relevant parameter of the battery capacity fade, the method further comprises:
charging the battery for the Nth time based on a second corresponding relation table corresponding to the charging for the Nth-1 st time, wherein the second corresponding relation table records corresponding relations among a second temperature, a second SOC and a second charging current;
in the Nth charging process, the first temperature, the battery voltage, the first charging current and the first SOC are obtained once every preset time interval.
7. The charging method according to claim 6, wherein after acquiring the first temperature, the battery voltage, the first charging current, and the first SOC every preset time interval during the nth charging, the method further comprises:
under the condition that the first SOC is greater than or equal to a capacity state reference value and/or the battery voltage is greater than or equal to a voltage reference value, acquiring a battery voltage average value in a temperature interval, wherein the temperature interval is obtained by dividing a total temperature change interval in the battery charging process in advance;
and stopping charging when the first SOC is more than or equal to a charging cut-off SOC corresponding to the N-1 th charging end and/or the average value of the battery voltage is more than or equal to a charging cut-off voltage threshold corresponding to the N-1 st charging end.
8. The charging method according to claim 1, wherein after updating the battery parameter based on the parameter related to the battery capacity fade, the method further comprises:
obtaining a life attenuation factor of the battery;
and under the condition that the life attenuation factor is greater than or equal to a preset early warning threshold value, early warning is carried out on the service life of the battery.
9. The charging method of claim 8, wherein the obtaining the life decay factor of the battery comprises:
acquiring the total throughput of the service life of the battery, the capacity attenuation residual error and the sum of the throughput of the battery capacity after the Nth charging of the battery;
calculating to obtain a battery throughput capacity ratio based on the total throughput of the battery life and the total throughput of the battery capacity;
and calculating the life attenuation factor based on the battery throughput capacity ratio and the capacity attenuation residual error.
10. The charging method according to claim 9,
calculating a battery throughput capacity ratio based on the total throughput of the battery life and the total throughput of the battery capacity, wherein the calculating comprises:
calculating to obtain the battery throughput capacity ratio through the following formula;
Cξ＝Cadd×100％/Cmax；
wherein, CξRepresenting the ratio of the throughput capacity of the battery, CaddRepresenting the sum of the battery capacity throughputs, CmaxRepresenting the total throughput of battery life;
the calculating the life attenuation factor based on the battery throughput capacity ratio and the capacity attenuation residual error comprises:
calculating the life attenuation factor by the following formula;
τ＝δ×Cξ+p×Cη；
wherein τ represents the life decay factor, CηRepresenting the capacity fade residual, δ and p are both weighting factors, and the sum of δ and p is 1.
CN202111032309.5A 2021-09-03 2021-09-03 Charging method Pending CN113872269A (en)

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