CN113871244B - Three-station operating mechanism and three-station switch - Google Patents
Three-station operating mechanism and three-station switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN113871244B CN113871244B CN202110931588.2A CN202110931588A CN113871244B CN 113871244 B CN113871244 B CN 113871244B CN 202110931588 A CN202110931588 A CN 202110931588A CN 113871244 B CN113871244 B CN 113871244B
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- pawl
- handle part
- worm
- ratchet
- operating mechanism
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H31/02—Details
- H01H31/026—Movable parts and contacts mounted thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
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- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a three-station operating mechanism and a three-station switch, wherein the three-station operating mechanism comprises a mechanism body, an operating handle and a linkage structure, and the mechanism body comprises: frame, output shaft, worm wheel, worm, operating handle includes: the first handle part is in anti-rotation connection with the worm; the second handle part is inserted with the first handle part, a plug is arranged on one of the first handle part and the second handle part, a sleeve is arranged on the other of the first handle part and the second handle part, a first ratchet and a second ratchet are arranged on the plug, and a first pawl and a second pawl are hinged on the wall of the sleeve. When the novel worm gear is used, the second handle part is rotated, the first pawl is locked with the first ratchet or the second pawl is locked with the second ratchet, the second handle part drives the first handle part to synchronously rotate, when the rotation angle of the output shaft reaches a set value, the linkage structure pushes against the first pawl or the second pawl, the locking with the first ratchet or the second ratchet is released, the second handle part is in idle running fit with the first handle part, the worm and the static contact are prevented from being damaged, the safety is improved, and the service life is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-voltage switch equipment, in particular to a three-station operating mechanism and a three-station switch.
Background
The three-position switch is commonly used in the totally enclosed combined electrical apparatus and composite electrical apparatus, and the three-position switch contains three working position states: the three positions of closing, isolating and grounding are very definite on the operating mechanism, the middle position is an isolating position, the two ends are respectively a closing position and a grounding position, the mechanical locking is realized by one knife, and the main loop is prevented from being electrified to close the ground knife. During manual operation, the worm is rocked through the handle, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, and then the output shaft coaxial with the worm wheel drives the moving contact at the middle isolation position to move towards the two ends in a limiting mode, so that the moving contact is fully contacted with the fixed contacts at the two ends, and closing and grounding are respectively achieved.
However, when the three-station operating mechanism is manually rocked, the worm is often rocked out of the limit position, so that the worm is damaged, the fixed contact is also easily damaged, the mechanical damage is irreversible, the safety of the three-station operating mechanism and the switch body cannot be ensured, and the service life is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-station operating mechanism with better safety and longer service life; the invention also aims to provide the three-position switch which is better in safety and longer in service life.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the three-station operating mechanism in the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a three-station operating mechanism comprises a mechanism body and an operating handle;
wherein, the mechanism body includes:
a frame;
the output shaft is arranged on the frame and used for driving the moving contact to switch among three stations of closing, isolating and grounding;
the worm wheel is arranged on the output shaft and rotates synchronously with the output shaft;
the worm is arranged on the frame, is matched with the worm gear in a transmission way and is used for driving the worm gear to rotate;
wherein, operating handle includes:
the first handle part is provided with a connecting structure for being connected with the worm in a rotation-stopping way;
the second handle part is connected with the first handle part in an inserting mode, a plug is arranged on one of the first handle part and the second handle part, a sleeve is arranged on the other one of the first handle part and the second handle part, an inner hole of the sleeve forms an inserting hole for the plug to be inserted, a first ratchet and a second ratchet are arranged on the plug, and a first pawl and a second pawl are hinged to the wall of the sleeve;
the first pawl is provided with a first stop end which is used for extending into the jack to be in stop fit with the first ratchet in the clockwise direction, and a first exposing end which is exposed out of the cylinder wall to force the first pawl to rotate when being pressed by external force;
the second pawl is provided with a second stop end which is used for extending into the jack to be in stop fit with the second ratchet in the anticlockwise direction, and a second exposing end which is exposed out of the cylinder wall to force the second pawl to rotate when being pressed by external force;
the three-station operating mechanism further comprises:
and the linkage structure is linked with the output shaft or the worm so as to synchronously act along with the action of the output shaft or the worm, and pushes the first exposed end or the second exposed end when the rotation angle of the output shaft or the worm reaches a set value so as to enable the second handle part to be in idle running fit with the first handle part in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the first handle part and the second handle part are connected in an inserting way through a plug and a jack, a first ratchet and a second ratchet are arranged on the plug, a first pawl and a second pawl are hinged to the wall of the sleeve, the first pawl is provided with a first stop end and a first exposure end, the second pawl is provided with a second stop end and a second exposure end, and therefore when the second handle part is rotated clockwise, the first stop end is matched with the first ratchet in a clockwise blocking way, the second handle part drives the first handle part to synchronously rotate clockwise, the connecting structure on the first handle part drives the worm to rotate clockwise, and finally the output shaft drives the movable contact to act forward through the transmission of the worm and the worm wheel; or when the second handle part rotates anticlockwise, the second handle part can drive the first handle part to synchronously rotate anticlockwise through the stop fit of the second stop end and the second ratchet in the anticlockwise direction, and then the worm is driven to rotate anticlockwise through the connecting structure on the first handle part, and finally the output shaft drives the moving contact to act reversely through the transmission of the worm and the worm wheel.
The three-station operating mechanism further comprises a linkage structure which is linked with the output shaft or the worm, the linkage structure synchronously acts along with the action of the output shaft or the worm, and when the rotation angle of the output shaft or the worm reaches a set value, the first exposed end or the second exposed end can be propped up to enable the first pawl or the second pawl to rotate, the blocking matching relation between the first blocking end and the first ratchet or between the second blocking end and the second ratchet is released, the second handle part and the first handle part are in idle matching in the clockwise direction or the anticlockwise direction, so that the second handle part is not driven to act by continuously rotating, namely the worm is not driven to rotate continuously, and mechanical damage such as worm damage, fixed contact damage and the like can be avoided.
In addition, because the first spring is arranged between the first pawl and the cylinder wall, and the second spring is arranged between the second pawl and the cylinder wall, when the second handle part reversely rotates, the linkage structure releases the jacking of the first exposed end or the second exposed end, and the first pawl or the second pawl can be reset under the action of the first spring or the second spring, so that the second pawl can be reused.
Further, the linkage structure comprises a cam arranged on the output shaft, a swinging plate matched with the cam, and a moving plate matched with the swinging plate, wherein a curved surface with gradually reduced curvature is arranged on the cam, one end of the swinging plate is hinged to the frame, the other end of the swinging plate is in transmission fit with the moving plate, a small hole matched with the curved surface of the cam in a pushing mode and a large hole used for avoiding the curved surface are arranged on the swinging plate, so that the cam drives the swinging plate to rotate through pushing fit with the small hole in the rotating process, and the swinging plate drives the moving plate to radially move along the sleeve to push the first exposed end or the second exposed end.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the processing, the installation and the use of the linkage structure are convenient.
Further, the movable plate comprises a plate body and a movable cylinder fixed on the plate body, wherein the movable cylinder is sleeved outside the sleeve and is used for propping against the first exposed end or the second exposed end.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the first exposed end or the second exposed end is jacked by the movable cylinder, so that jacking operation is facilitated.
Further, a first mounting hole for mounting the first pawl is formed in the cylinder wall, and the size of the first mounting hole is larger than that of the first pawl, so that the first stop end and the first exposed end of the first pawl can rotate into the first mounting hole; the cylinder wall is also provided with a second mounting hole for mounting the second pawl, and the size of the second mounting hole is larger than that of the second pawl, so that the second stop end and the second exposed end of the second pawl can rotate into the second mounting hole.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: through setting up the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole of great size, make things convenient for the installation of first pawl and second pawl, first fender end and first end, second fender end and the second end of exposing all can rotate corresponding mounting hole in, conveniently release the locking.
Further, a first stop plate for preventing the first pawl from rotating anticlockwise is fixed at the orifice of the first mounting hole; a second stop plate for preventing the second pawl from rotating clockwise is fixed at the orifice of the second mounting hole.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the first pawl and the second pawl are conveniently stopped by the stop plate, so that the processing and the assembly are convenient.
Further, the first pawl and the second pawl are symmetrically arranged at 180 degrees.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the convenient linkage structure pushes against the first exposed end or the second exposed end to realize idle running fit of the second handle part and the first handle part.
Further, a first ratchet wheel and a second ratchet wheel which are coaxial with the plug are arranged on the plug, the first ratchet wheel is composed of gear teeth of the first ratchet wheel, and the second ratchet wheel is composed of gear teeth of the second ratchet wheel.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the ratchet wheel has more gear teeth, and is convenient to form a stop fit relation with the first pawl or the second pawl.
Further, a first arc surface is arranged at the first exposed end of the first pawl; the second exposed end of the second pawl is provided with a second arc surface.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the arc surface facilitates the linkage structure to push against the first exposed end or the second exposed end, so that friction force is reduced.
Further, the operating handle also comprises a connecting rod fixedly connected with the second handle part and a crank fixedly connected with the connecting rod.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the operating handle is rotated by the connecting rod and the crank, so that the labor is saved, and the operation is convenient.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the three-position switch in the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the three-station switch comprises a switch body and a three-station operating mechanism, wherein the three-station operating mechanism comprises a mechanism body and an operating handle;
wherein, the mechanism body includes:
a frame;
the output shaft is arranged on the frame and used for driving the moving contact to switch among three stations of closing, isolating and grounding;
the worm wheel is arranged on the output shaft and rotates synchronously with the output shaft;
the worm is arranged on the frame, is matched with the worm gear in a transmission way and is used for driving the worm gear to rotate;
wherein, operating handle includes:
the first handle part is provided with a connecting structure for being connected with the worm in a rotation-stopping way;
the second handle part is connected with the first handle part in an inserting mode, a plug is arranged on one of the first handle part and the second handle part, a sleeve is arranged on the other one of the first handle part and the second handle part, an inner hole of the sleeve forms an inserting hole for the plug to be inserted, a first ratchet and a second ratchet are arranged on the plug, and a first pawl and a second pawl are hinged to the wall of the sleeve;
the first pawl is provided with a first stop end which is used for extending into the jack to be in stop fit with the first ratchet in the clockwise direction, and a first exposing end which is exposed out of the cylinder wall to force the first pawl to rotate when being pressed by external force;
the second pawl is provided with a second stop end which is used for extending into the jack to be in stop fit with the second ratchet in the anticlockwise direction, and a second exposing end which is exposed out of the cylinder wall to force the second pawl to rotate when being pressed by external force;
the three-station operating mechanism further comprises:
and the linkage structure is linked with the output shaft or the worm so as to synchronously act along with the action of the output shaft or the worm, and pushes the first exposed end or the second exposed end when the rotation angle of the output shaft or the worm reaches a set value so as to enable the second handle part to be in idle running fit with the first handle part in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the first handle part and the second handle part are connected in an inserting way through a plug and a jack, a first ratchet and a second ratchet are arranged on the plug, a first pawl and a second pawl are hinged to the wall of the sleeve, the first pawl is provided with a first stop end and a first exposure end, the second pawl is provided with a second stop end and a second exposure end, and therefore when the second handle part is rotated clockwise, the first stop end is matched with the first ratchet in a clockwise blocking way, the second handle part drives the first handle part to synchronously rotate clockwise, the connecting structure on the first handle part drives the worm to rotate clockwise, and finally the output shaft drives the movable contact to act forward through the transmission of the worm and the worm wheel; or when the second handle part rotates anticlockwise, the second handle part can drive the first handle part to synchronously rotate anticlockwise through the stop fit of the second stop end and the second ratchet in the anticlockwise direction, and then the worm is driven to rotate anticlockwise through the connecting structure on the first handle part, and finally the output shaft drives the moving contact to act reversely through the transmission of the worm and the worm wheel.
The three-station operating mechanism also comprises a linkage structure which is linked with the output shaft or the worm, the linkage structure synchronously acts along with the action of the output shaft or the worm, and when the rotation angle of the output shaft or the worm reaches a set value, the first exposed end or the second exposed end can be propped up to enable the first pawl or the second pawl to rotate, the blocking matching relation between the first blocking end and the first ratchet or between the second blocking end and the second ratchet is released, the second handle part and the first handle part are in idle matching in the clockwise direction or the anticlockwise direction, so that the second handle part is not driven to act by continuously rotating, namely the worm is not driven to rotate continuously, and mechanical damage such as worm damage, fixed contact damage and the like can be avoided.
In addition, because the first spring is arranged between the first pawl and the cylinder wall, and the second spring is arranged between the second pawl and the cylinder wall, when the second handle part reversely rotates, the linkage structure releases the jacking of the first exposed end or the second exposed end, and the first pawl or the second pawl can be reset under the action of the first spring or the second spring, so that the second pawl can be reused.
Further, the linkage structure comprises a cam arranged on the output shaft, a swinging plate matched with the cam, and a moving plate matched with the swinging plate, wherein a curved surface with gradually reduced curvature is arranged on the cam, one end of the swinging plate is hinged to the frame, the other end of the swinging plate is in transmission fit with the moving plate, a small hole matched with the curved surface of the cam in a pushing mode and a large hole used for avoiding the curved surface are arranged on the swinging plate, so that the cam drives the swinging plate to rotate through pushing fit with the small hole in the rotating process, and the swinging plate drives the moving plate to radially move along the sleeve to push the first exposed end or the second exposed end.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the processing, the installation and the use of the linkage structure are convenient.
Further, the movable plate comprises a plate body and a movable cylinder fixed on the plate body, wherein the movable cylinder is sleeved outside the sleeve and is used for propping against the first exposed end or the second exposed end.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the first exposed end or the second exposed end is jacked by the movable cylinder, so that jacking operation is facilitated.
Further, a first mounting hole for mounting the first pawl is formed in the cylinder wall, and the size of the first mounting hole is larger than that of the first pawl, so that the first stop end and the first exposed end of the first pawl can rotate into the first mounting hole; the cylinder wall is also provided with a second mounting hole for mounting the second pawl, and the size of the second mounting hole is larger than that of the second pawl, so that the second stop end and the second exposed end of the second pawl can rotate into the second mounting hole.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: through setting up the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole of great size, make things convenient for the installation of first pawl and second pawl, first fender end and first end, second fender end and the second end of exposing all can rotate corresponding mounting hole in, conveniently release the locking.
Further, a first stop plate for preventing the first pawl from rotating anticlockwise is fixed at the orifice of the first mounting hole; a second stop plate for preventing the second pawl from rotating clockwise is fixed at the orifice of the second mounting hole.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the first pawl and the second pawl are conveniently stopped by the stop plate, so that the processing and the assembly are convenient.
Further, the first pawl and the second pawl are symmetrically arranged at 180 degrees.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the convenient linkage structure pushes against the first exposed end or the second exposed end to realize idle running fit of the second handle part and the first handle part.
Further, a first ratchet wheel and a second ratchet wheel which are coaxial with the plug are arranged on the plug, the first ratchet wheel is composed of gear teeth of the first ratchet wheel, and the second ratchet wheel is composed of gear teeth of the second ratchet wheel.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the ratchet wheel has more gear teeth, and is convenient to form a stop fit relation with the first pawl or the second pawl.
Further, a first arc surface is arranged at the first exposed end of the first pawl; the second exposed end of the second pawl is provided with a second arc surface.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the arc surface facilitates the linkage structure to push against the first exposed end or the second exposed end, so that friction force is reduced.
Further, the operating handle also comprises a connecting rod fixedly connected with the second handle part and a crank fixedly connected with the connecting rod.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the operating handle is rotated by the connecting rod and the crank, so that the labor is saved, and the operation is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial block diagram (one view) of a three-position operating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial block diagram (another view) of a three-position operating mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the operating handle of the three-position operating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the operating handle of the three-position operating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a first handle portion of the operating handle of the three-position operating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a mating block diagram of the first and second handle portions of the operating handle of the three-position operating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the first pawl portion of the first and second handle portions of the operating handle of the three position operating mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a first pawl portion of a first handle portion of an operating handle of a three-position operating mechanism in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an output shaft; 2. a worm; 3. a swinging plate; 3-1, small holes; 3-2, macropores; 4. a moving plate; 4-1, plate body; 4-2, moving the cylinder; 4-3, grooves; 5. a cam; 5-1, a curved surface; 6. a first handle portion; 6-1, hexagonal shaft; 6-2, a sleeve; 6-2-1, a first mounting hole; 6-2-2, a second mounting hole; 6-2-3, a first stop plate; 6-2-4, a second stop plate; 7. a second handle portion; 7-1, a plug; 7-1-1, convex columns; 8. a connecting rod; 9. a crank; 10. a bearing; 11. a first ratchet; 12. a second ratchet; 13. a first pawl; 14. a second pawl; 15. a first spring; 16. and a second spring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the invention, i.e., the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The features and capabilities of the present invention are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.
One embodiment of the three-position operating mechanism of the present invention, shown in fig. 1 and 2, includes a mechanism body and an operating handle, the mechanism body comprising: the device comprises a frame (not shown in the figure), an output shaft 1, a worm wheel (not shown in the figure) and a worm 2, wherein the output shaft 1 is arranged on the frame and is used for driving a moving contact (not shown in the figure) to switch among three stations of closing, isolating and grounding. The worm wheel is mounted on the output shaft 1 and rotates synchronously with the output shaft 1. The worm 2 is arranged on the frame, is matched with the worm gear in a transmission way and is used for driving the worm gear to rotate.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the operation handle includes a first handle portion 6 and a second handle portion 7, and a connection structure for rotationally locking connection with the worm 2 is provided on the first handle portion 6, and in this embodiment, the connection structure is a hexagonal shaft 6-1, as shown in fig. 5 and 6. The second handle part 7 is connected with the first handle part 6 in an inserting way, the first handle part 6 is provided with a sleeve 6-2, a plug 7-1 is arranged on the second handle part 7, and an inner hole of the sleeve 6-2 forms an inserting hole for inserting the plug 7-1. The plug 7-1 is provided with a convex column 7-1-1, the convex column 7-1-1 is fixedly provided with a first ratchet wheel 11 and a second ratchet wheel 12 which are coaxial with the plug 7-1, gear teeth on the first ratchet wheel 11 form a first ratchet wheel, gear teeth on the second ratchet wheel 12 form a second ratchet wheel, and the circumferential arrangement directions of the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel are opposite. As shown in fig. 4 and 6, a bearing 10 is installed between the plug 7-1 and the sleeve 6-2.
As shown in fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8, the wall of the sleeve 6-2 is hinged with a first pawl 13 and a second pawl 14, and the first pawl 13 and the second pawl 14 are symmetrically arranged at 180 degrees. Specifically, a first mounting hole 6-2-1 for mounting the first pawl 13 is formed in the wall of the sleeve 6-2, and a first stop plate 6-2-3 for preventing the first pawl 13 from rotating anticlockwise is fixed at the orifice of the first mounting hole 6-2-1. The first pawl 13 has a first stopping end (as shown in fig. 7) for being inserted into the insertion hole to be in stopping engagement with the first ratchet in the clockwise direction, and a first exposing end exposed at the outside of the cylinder wall to force the first pawl 13 to rotate when being pressed by an external force, and the first mounting hole 6-2-1 is larger in size than the first pawl 13 so that both the first stopping end and the first exposing end of the first pawl 13 can be rotated into the first mounting hole 6-2-1. A first spring 15 is disposed between the first exposed end and the barrel wall. In addition, in order to facilitate being pressed, the first exposed end is provided with a first arc surface, namely the outer surface of the first exposed end is an arc surface.
Meanwhile, a second mounting hole 6-2-2 for mounting the second pawl 14 is arranged on the cylinder wall, and a second stop plate 6-2-4 for preventing the second pawl 14 from rotating clockwise is fixed at the orifice of the second mounting hole 6-2-2. The second pawl 14 has a second stopping end for being inserted into the insertion hole to be in stopping engagement with the second ratchet in the counterclockwise direction, and a second exposing end simultaneously exposed to the outside of the cylinder wall to force the second pawl 14 to rotate when pressed by an external force, and the second mounting hole 6-2-2 is larger in size than the second pawl 14 so that both the second stopping end and the second exposing end of the second pawl 14 can be rotated into the second mounting hole 6-2-2. A second spring 16 is disposed between the second exposed end and the barrel wall. In addition, in order to facilitate being pressed, the second exposed end is provided with a second arc surface, namely the outer surface of the second exposed end is an arc surface.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the operating handle further comprises a connecting rod 8 fixedly connected with the second handle portion 7 and a crank 9 fixedly connected with the connecting rod 8, and the second handle portion 7 can be conveniently rotated through the crank 9.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the three-position operating mechanism further includes a linkage structure that is linked with the output shaft 1 to move synchronously with the movement of the output shaft 1, and presses the above-described first exposed end or second exposed end when the rotation angle of the output shaft 1 reaches a set value, so that the second handle portion 7 is idle-engaged with the first handle portion 6 in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction.
Specifically, the linkage structure comprises a cam 5 arranged on an output shaft 1, a swinging plate 3 matched with the cam 5, and a moving plate 4 matched with the swinging plate 3, wherein the cam 5 synchronously rotates along with the output shaft 1, a curved surface 5-1 with gradually reduced curvature is arranged on the cam 5, one end of the swinging plate 3 is hinged on a frame, the other end of the swinging plate is in transmission fit with the moving plate 4, a matching hole positioned outside the cam 5 is arranged on the swinging plate 3, and the matching hole comprises a small hole 3-1 in pressing fit with the curved surface 5-1 of the cam 5 and a large hole 3-2 for avoiding the curved surface 5-1. The minimum curvature of the curved surface 5-1 will press against the hole wall of the small hole 3-1 during rotation, and the state shown in fig. 1 is a state in which the minimum curvature of the curved surface 5-1 contacts with the hole wall of the small hole 3-1 after the cam 5 rotates counterclockwise, and then the swinging plate 3 is pushed to swing clockwise when the cam 5 continues to rotate counterclockwise. Conversely, when the cam 5 rotates clockwise, the curvature minimum portion of the curved surface 5-1 gradually comes out of contact with the wall of the small hole 3-1 with the rotation of the cam 5, and after rotating 180 degrees, comes into contact with the wall of the small hole 3-1 again, after which the rotation of the cam 5 can push the swinging plate 3 to swing counterclockwise. The large hole 3-2 is used for allowing part of the entity of the cam 5 to enter, so that smooth rotation of the cam 5 is ensured.
The moving plate 4 comprises a plate body 4-1 and a moving cylinder 4-2 fixed on the plate body 4-1, wherein the moving cylinder 4-2 is sleeved outside a sleeve 6-2 of the first handle part 6 and is used for propping against the first exposed end or the second exposed end. The plate body 4-1 is L-shaped, the moving cylinder 4-2 is fixed with the vertical edge of the plate body 4-1, the swinging plate 3 is matched with the transverse edge of the plate body 4-1, specifically, a groove 4-3 is arranged on the transverse edge of the plate body 4-1, the semicircular end part of the swinging plate 3 stretches into the groove 4-3, the arc surface of the semicircular end part is in pressing fit with the groove wall of the groove 4-3, when the swinging plate 3 swings, the plate body 4-1 can be pushed to move along the radial direction of the first handle part 6, of course, a guide structure is required to be arranged on a frame for facilitating the translation of the plate body 4-1, the guide structure can specifically be a guide rail, a guide groove and the like, and the extending direction of the guide rail and the guide groove is the radial direction of the first handle part 6.
The working principle of the three-station operating mechanism in the invention is as follows:
when the novel mechanical worm is used, the operating handle is connected with the worm 2, the first handle part 6 of the operating handle passes through the moving cylinder 4-2, the second handle part 7 is rotated through the crank 9, when the first ratchet wheel 11 rotates clockwise as shown in fig. 7, the first ratchet wheel 11 is in blocking fit with the first pawl 13 in the clockwise direction, namely, the first ratchet wheel 11 and the first pawl 13 are locked, so that the first handle part 6 is driven to synchronously rotate clockwise through the first pawl 13, the worm 2, the worm wheel, the output shaft 1 and the cam 5 are driven to rotate, when the rotation angle of the output shaft 1 and the worm 2 reaches a set value, the cam 5 pushes the swinging plate 3 to enable the swinging plate 4 to move along the radial direction of the sleeve 6-2 of the first handle part 6, the moving cylinder 4-2 pushes the first exposed end to force the first pawl 13 to rotate clockwise, the first pawl 13 is rotated into the first mounting hole 6-2-1, the locking between the first ratchet wheel 11 is released, the first handle part 7 and the first handle part 6 is driven to rotate clockwise, the first handle part 6 is driven to rotate idle, the worm 6 is driven to rotate continuously, and the mechanical contact is not continuously driven to rotate, and the damage of the worm is avoided, and the mechanical worm is prevented from being continuously caused.
Of course, in order to ensure that the first pawl 13 can be unlocked from the first ratchet 11, the design of the angle of the ratchet slot of the first ratchet is important, and in the case of ensuring that the first ratchet 11 and the first pawl 13 can be locked, it is also required that the first pawl 13 can slide over the surface of the first ratchet to realize clockwise rotation under a certain external force, and the angle of the ratchet slot of the first ratchet shown in fig. 7 is 90 degrees.
When the second handle part 7 is reversely rotated, the second ratchet wheel 12 is locked with the second pawl 14, so that the second handle part 7 drives the first handle part 6 to synchronously rotate, the reverse rotation of the cam 5 is realized, the moving cylinder 4-2 is far away from the first exposed end, the first pawl 13 is reset under the action of the first spring 15, finally when the rotation angle of the output shaft 1 reaches a set value, the cam 5 pushes the swinging plate 3 to reversely swing, the moving cylinder 4-2 pushes the second exposed end, the second pawl 14 is unlocked with the second ratchet wheel 12, the first handle part 6 and the second handle part 7 are in idle running fit, the worm can not continuously rotate, and mechanical injuries such as worm damage, static contact damage and the like are avoided.
In other embodiments of the three-position operating mechanism, the operating handle does not include a connecting rod and a crank, and the second handle portion can be directly rotated.
In other embodiments of the three-position operating mechanism, the outer surfaces of the first exposed end of the first pawl and the second exposed end of the second pawl may not be arcuate surfaces.
In other embodiments of the three-position operating mechanism, the first ratchet is not formed by the teeth of the first ratchet, the second ratchet is not formed by the teeth of the second ratchet, and the first ratchet and the second ratchet are welded directly to the plug.
In other embodiments of the three-position operating mechanism, the first pawl and the second pawl may not be symmetrically arranged 180 degrees depending on the angle of rotation of the output shaft and the particular form of linkage.
In other embodiments of the three-position operating mechanism, the first stop plate and the second stop plate are integrally formed on the barrel wall.
In other embodiments of the three-position operating mechanism, the first pawl can be unlocked from the first ratchet without rotating into the first mounting hole through the sizing of the sleeve, and similarly the second pawl is also, and the sizes of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole arranged on the cylinder wall are not required to be larger than those of the corresponding pawl.
In other embodiments of the three-position operating mechanism, the moving plate may only include a plate body, a through hole is provided in the plate body for the first handle portion to pass through, and the wall of the through hole is utilized to directly press the first exposed end or the second exposed end.
In other embodiments of the three-position operating mechanism, the linkage may also be in linkage with a worm.
In other embodiments of the three-position operating mechanism, the linkage structure may be other than a cam, a swinging plate and a moving plate, for example, the linkage structure is a linkage plate connected to the output shaft or the worm, and the linkage plate is directly provided with a pressing structure for pressing the first exposed end or the second exposed end along with synchronous forward rotation or reverse rotation of the output shaft or the worm, and after the output shaft or the worm rotates in place, the pressing structure presses the first exposed end or the second exposed end.
In other embodiments of the three-position operating mechanism, the connecting structure on the first handle portion may also be a hexagonal hole.
In other embodiments of the three-position operating mechanism, the plug may be disposed on the first handle portion and the sleeve may be disposed on the second handle portion, where the first handle portion is rotated by engagement of the first pawl with the first ratchet or engagement of the second pawl with the second ratchet when the sleeve of the second handle portion is rotated.
The embodiment of the three-position switch in the invention is as follows: the three-position switch comprises a switch body and a three-position operating mechanism, and the specific structure of the three-position operating mechanism is the same as that of the three-position operating mechanism in the embodiment, and is not repeated here.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the patent protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and all equivalent structural changes made by the specification and the drawings of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The three-station operating mechanism is characterized by comprising a mechanism body and an operating handle;
wherein, the mechanism body includes:
a frame;
the output shaft (1) is arranged on the frame and used for driving the moving contact to switch among three stations of closing, isolating and grounding;
the worm wheel is arranged on the output shaft (1) and rotates synchronously with the output shaft (1);
the worm (2) is arranged on the frame, is matched with the worm wheel in a transmission way and is used for driving the worm wheel to rotate;
wherein, operating handle includes:
a first handle part (6), wherein a connecting structure for rotationally locking connection with the worm (2) is arranged on the first handle part (6);
the second handle part (7) is connected with the first handle part (6) in an inserting mode, a plug is arranged on one of the first handle part (6) and the second handle part (7), a sleeve is arranged on the other one of the first handle part and the second handle part (7), an insertion hole for the plug to be inserted is formed in an inner hole of the sleeve, a first ratchet and a second ratchet are arranged on the plug, and a first pawl (13) and a second pawl (14) are hinged to the wall of the sleeve;
a first spring is arranged between the first pawl (13) and the cylinder wall, and the first pawl (13) is provided with a first stop end which is used for extending into the jack to be in stop fit with the first ratchet in the clockwise direction and a first exposing end which is exposed out of the cylinder wall to force the first pawl (13) to rotate when being pressed by external force;
wherein, a second spring is arranged between the second pawl (14) and the cylinder wall, the second pawl (14) is provided with a second stop end which is used for extending into the jack to be in stop fit with the second ratchet in the anticlockwise direction, and a second exposing end which is exposed outside the cylinder wall to force the second pawl (14) to rotate when being pressed by external force;
the three-station operating mechanism further comprises:
the linkage structure is linked with the output shaft (1) or the worm (2) to synchronously act along with the action of the output shaft (1) or the worm (2), and pushes the first exposed end or the second exposed end when the rotation angle of the output shaft (1) or the worm (2) reaches a set value so as to enable the second handle part (7) to be in idle running fit with the first handle part (6) in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction;
the linkage structure comprises a cam (5) arranged on the output shaft (1), a swinging plate (3) matched with the cam (5) and a moving plate (4) matched with the swinging plate (3), wherein a curved surface (5-1) with gradually reduced curvature is arranged on the cam (5), one end of the swinging plate (3) is hinged on the frame, the other end of the swinging plate is in transmission fit with the moving plate (4), a small hole (3-1) in jacking fit with the curved surface (5-1) of the cam (5) and a large hole (3-2) for avoiding the curved surface (5-1) are arranged on the swinging plate (3), so that the cam (5) drives the swinging plate (3) to rotate through jacking fit with the small hole (3-1) in the rotating process, and the swinging plate (3) drives the moving plate (4) to move along the radial direction of the sleeve so as to jack the first exposed end or the second exposed end.
2. The three-position operating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the movable plate (4) comprises a plate body (4-1) and a movable cylinder (4-2) fixed on the plate body (4-1), and the movable cylinder (4-2) is sleeved outside the sleeve and used for pressing the first exposed end or the second exposed end.
3. Three-position operating mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cylinder wall is provided with a first mounting hole for mounting the first pawl (13), the size of the first mounting hole being larger than the size of the first pawl (13) so that the first blocking end and the first exposing end of the first pawl (13) can both rotate into the first mounting hole; the cylinder wall is also provided with a second mounting hole for mounting the second pawl (14), and the size of the second mounting hole is larger than that of the second pawl (14), so that the second stop end and the second exposed end of the second pawl (14) can rotate into the second mounting hole.
4. A three-position operating mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that a first stop plate for preventing the first pawl (13) from rotating anticlockwise is fixed at the orifice of the first mounting hole; a second stop plate for preventing the second pawl (14) from rotating clockwise is fixed at the orifice of the second mounting hole.
5. Three-position operating mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first pawl (13) and the second pawl (14) are symmetrically arranged at 180 degrees.
6. Three-position operating mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plug is fitted with a first ratchet wheel (11) and a second ratchet wheel (12) coaxial with the plug, the first ratchet wheel being constituted by the teeth of the first ratchet wheel (11) and the second ratchet wheel being constituted by the teeth of the second ratchet wheel (12).
7. Three-position operating mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first exposed end of the first pawl (13) is provided with a first arc surface; the second exposed end of the second pawl (14) is provided with a second arc surface.
8. Three-position operating mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the operating handle further comprises a connecting rod (8) fixedly connected to the second handle part (7) and a crank (9) fixedly connected to the connecting rod (8).
9. A three-position switch comprising a switch body and a three-position operating mechanism, wherein the three-position operating mechanism is the same as the three-position operating mechanism of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110931588.2A CN113871244B (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2021-08-13 | Three-station operating mechanism and three-station switch |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110931588.2A CN113871244B (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2021-08-13 | Three-station operating mechanism and three-station switch |
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| CN113871244A CN113871244A (en) | 2021-12-31 |
| CN113871244B true CN113871244B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110931588.2A Active CN113871244B (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2021-08-13 | Three-station operating mechanism and three-station switch |
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| CN209785864U (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-12-13 | 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） | Circuit breaker operating mechanism |
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| US8902084B2 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-12-02 | Messier-Dowty Inc. | Switch assembly and over-steer detection system |
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| GB821948A (en) * | 1955-12-21 | 1959-10-14 | Nsf Ltd | Improvements in and relating to ratchet and pawl mechanisms |
| US4762971A (en) * | 1984-04-23 | 1988-08-09 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Spring-type operating mechanism for a circuit interrupter |
| DE3663760D1 (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1989-07-06 | Siemens Ag | Operating mechanism for an electric switch with three positions |
| US4916422A (en) * | 1987-06-25 | 1990-04-10 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for electrically operating a circuit breaker |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113871244A (en) | 2021-12-31 |
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