CN113865084A - Gas heating method and heating device - Google Patents
Gas heating method and heating device Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
- F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
- F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
- F24H2250/10—Electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of heating devices, and relates to a gas heating method and a heating device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1) introducing gas into the reaction device; simultaneously, applying voltage to an electrode arranged in the reaction device, and generating plasma arc by the electrode under the action of the voltage; 2) the generated plasma arc is used for heating the introduced gas to generate hot air gas which is sent out of the reaction device. The invention heats gas by using the plasma arc principle, has the characteristics of energy saving, environmental protection, wide heating temperature range, continuous operation, large power and low cost, can be used as a hot blast stove and a burner, and has wide application range; meanwhile, the heating device provided by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heating devices, and relates to a gas heating method and a heating device.
Background
In the industrial production of metallurgy, building materials, nonferrous metals, coal chemical industry, oil chemical industry and the like and occasions needing heating, the conventional heating mode uses fossil energy as fuel, air is used as air distribution to be combusted to generate high-temperature hot air or is used as a burner to be used for heating industrial production, and CO can be generated after the fossil fuel is combusted2Nitrogen in the air also enters the industrial production process to generate a part of NxO, such conventional heating necessarily produces CO2And NxO, and industrial production of CO2And NxO is the main gas producing the greenhouse effect.
Under the condition that global greenhouse effect has influence on human life, China realizes carbon peak reaching in 2030 and carbon neutralization in 2060, namely CO in industrial production2And NxAnd the greenhouse gas O is gradually reduced, and the greenhouse gas O is trapped, buried and utilized, and the emission reduction of negative carbon is implemented, so that the carbon neutralization is realized. Therefore, China also develops a corresponding carbon neutralization route map, clearly proposes an energy production strategy of non-fossil energy with an emission factor of about 20-80 mg/KWH in energy production, also proposes a consumption structure that terminal energy consumption is changed from the existing fossil energy heating into efficient green electric heating, and realizes CO heated in the industrial production process2And NxZero emission of O, so that the unconventional heating mode, i.e. the heating mode of non-fossil energy combustion, such as plasma heating, microwave heating, ultrasonic heating and electromagnetic induction heating, is about to become the main heating mode of industrial production.
However, the unconventional heating methods such as plasma heating, microwave heating, and ultrasonic heating have the following problems: the continuous operation time of the devices is short, about 2000-3000 h, and the long-term continuous operation of industrial production cannot be met; the heating temperature range is narrow, and the requirement of high temperature in actual production cannot be met; the maximum power of the heating device is about 2000KW, and the investment is large, about 1000 yuan/KW-15000 yuan/KW; electromagnetic induction heating requires magnetic conduction of the heated material and has limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides a gas heating method and a gas heating device, which have the characteristics of energy conservation, environmental protection, wide heating temperature range, continuous operation, high power and low cost, can be used as a hot blast stove and a burner, and have wide application range. Meanwhile, the invention also provides a heating device for realizing the gas heating method, which has simple structure and convenient operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method of heating a gas comprising the steps of:
1) introducing gas into the reaction device; simultaneously, voltage is applied to an electrode arranged in the reaction device, and under the action of the voltage, the current generated by the electrode ionizes the gas to generate a plasma arc;
2) the generated plasma arc heats the gas passing through the electrode to generate hot air gas which is sent out of the reaction device.
Further, in the step 1), gas is introduced through the electrode or the side wall of the reaction device; the intake of gas is 100Nm3～8000MNm3(ii) a The gas temperature is 20-1000 ℃; the voltage is 220V-10000 KV.
Further, when the gas in the step 2) is heated, introducing temperature-adjusting gas into the reaction device to adjust the heating temperature of the gas; the temperature of the hot air is 100-15000 ℃, and the delivery rate of the hot air is 100Nm3～8000MNm3。
Further, in the step 1), when the voltage is initially applied, the plasma hot air is directly generated by the electrode by adjusting the height distance between the electrode and the graphite carbon brick placed in the reaction device and adjusting the magnitude of the voltage.
The heating device of the gas heating method comprises a furnace body, an electrode and a transformer; the furnace body is respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the bottom of the furnace body is provided with graphite carbon bricks; the air inlet is communicated with the air outlet through an electrode; the electrode is axially parallel to the furnace body, one end of the electrode is arranged in the furnace body, and the other end of the electrode extends out of the furnace body; the transformer is connected with the electrode; the number of the electrodes is one, two or three; the transformer is an alternating current transformer or a rectifier transformer.
When the electrode is one, the transformer is a rectifier transformer, two groups of output ends are arranged on the transformer, and each group of output ends is respectively connected with the graphite carbon brick and the electrode;
when the number of the electrodes is two, the transformer is a rectifier transformer, two groups of output ends are arranged on the transformer, and each group of output ends is respectively connected with the two electrodes; the end parts of the two electrodes extending into the furnace body are positioned on the same plane;
when the number of the electrodes is three, the transformer comprises an alternating current transformer, three groups of output ends are arranged on the transformer, and each group of output ends is respectively connected with any two adjacent electrodes of the three electrodes; the ends of the three electrodes, which extend into the furnace body, of the two electrodes are positioned on the same plane, and the distances between every two adjacent electrodes are equal.
The electrode is a hollow electrode or a solid electrode; the electrode is a carbon electrode, a graphite electrode or a self-baking electrode; the diameter of the electrode is 300-5000 mm; when the number of the electrodes is two or three, the distance between two adjacent electrodes is 50 mm-2000 mm.
The heating device also comprises an electrode height adjusting unit arranged outside the furnace body; the electrode height adjusting unit is connected with one end of an electrode arranged outside the furnace body.
Furthermore, the electrode height adjusting unit comprises a base, an electrode clamping mechanism, an electrode lifting mechanism and a power mechanism; the power mechanism is arranged on the base; the electrode clamping mechanism is arranged on one end of the electrode outside the furnace body; the power mechanism is connected with the electrode clamping mechanism through the electrode lifting mechanism and drives the electrode to move up and down along the axial direction of the electrode; the power mechanism is a hydraulic station or an air pressure station.
Furthermore, the heating device also comprises a sealing ring and an electrode lengthening mechanism; the sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the electrode and the furnace body; the electrode lengthening mechanism is arranged at one end of the electrode extending out of the furnace body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the heating method provided by the invention combines the electric arc principle with the submerged arc furnace structure, utilizes the plasma electric arc principle to carry out ionization heating on gas, adopts electric power as energy, and the gas can be selected from reaction gas of an industrial furnace kiln, the generated hot air can be used as the reaction gas of the industrial furnace kiln, no other gas enters the industrial reaction furnace kiln, the reaction gas generated at the rear end of the industrial furnace kiln is used as circulating gas, and then is continuously heated to the temperature required by the production of the industrial furnace kiln to participate in the reaction again, and temperature-adjusting gas is used for adjusting the hot air quantity of the hot air gas so as to continuously finish the industrial production. According to the invention, the hot air is heated by electric power to provide heat for the reaction system, no harmful gas is generated, energy is saved, and the environment is protected; the gas heating temperature is within 100-15000 ℃, the process requirement is met, the cost is reduced, and the CO heated in the industrial production process is realized2And NxZero O emission.
2. In the invention, in the step 1), when voltage is initially applied, the height distance between the electrode and the graphite carbon brick arranged in the reaction device is adjusted, and the voltage is adjusted, so that the gas between the electrodes is ionized to directly generate plasma arc, and the gas around the electrode is directly heated, therefore, the method is practical and flexible, and meets the actual requirements.
3. The voltage of the invention is 220V-10000 KV, the transformer 4 is the existing electric furnace transformer, including short net, water-cooled cable, electrode holder or copper tile, the transformer 4 is equipped with voltage-regulating coil and voltage-regulating switch, it has the function of adjusting voltage, transmitting current and electric power, it saves material and reduces cost.
4. The plasma hot air heating temperature range of the hot air quantity device provided by the invention is wide, and the requirements of different products, different processes and different procedures are met; the tail gas discharged from the industrial furnace is pure reaction gas, can be recycled or directly recovered, reduces the processes of concentration, decarburization and denitrification, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly; the installation of the device can reach 100 KW-500000 KW, the investment is about 300 yuan/KW, the device can continuously run for more than 20000h, the plasma hot air output by the device is used as a hot air furnace, and the device can be made into an industrial heating burner for use, and the application range is wide.
5. The heating device provided by the invention takes a hearth (furnace body) of the submerged arc furnace as a reaction device and is provided with a three-phase electrode or a rectified two-phase electrode; an electrode height adjusting unit and an electrode lengthening mechanism are arranged outside the furnace body, and graphite carbon bricks are arranged in the furnace body; the graphite carbon brick is combined with the electrode height adjusting unit, so that the axial height distance between the electrode and the graphite carbon brick at the bottom of the device can be adjusted within a proper range, gas ionization and arc striking are realized, and the gas is heated; in addition, the electrode height adjusting unit is combined with the electrode lengthening mechanism, when the electrode is consumed, the electrode can be lengthened outside the furnace, and therefore continuous and stable operation of the device is guaranteed; in addition, a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the furnace body and the electrode, so that the furnace body is in a closed state, and the outside air is prevented from entering. The device has simple structure and convenient operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first gas heating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a gas heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of a gas heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the three electrodes of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
wherein:
1, a furnace body; 2-an electrode; 3, sealing rings; 4, a transformer; 5-electrode height adjusting unit; 6-graphite carbon brick; 7-short net; 8-water-cooled cable.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The heating device provided by the invention comprises a furnace body 1, an electrode 2 and a transformer 4; the furnace body 1 is respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the bottom of the furnace body 1 is provided with a graphite carbon brick 6, and an air inlet is communicated with an air outlet through an electrode 2; the axial direction of the electrode 2 is parallel to the axial direction of the furnace body 1, one end of the electrode 2 is arranged in the furnace body 1, and the other end of the electrode 2 extends out of the furnace body 1; the transformer 4 is connected with the electrode 2; one, two or three electrodes 2 are provided; the transformer 4 is an alternating current transformer or a rectifier transformer.
In the invention, the furnace body 1 is a hearth of a submerged arc furnace, and a layer of graphite carbon bricks 6 is laid at the bottom of the furnace body.
In the invention, when one electrode 2 is provided, the transformer 4 is a rectifier transformer, two groups of output ends are arranged on the transformer 4, and each group of output ends are respectively connected with the graphite carbon brick 6 at the bottom of the furnace body 1 and the electrode 2.
In the invention, when two electrodes 2 are provided, the transformer 4 is a rectifier transformer, two groups of output ends are arranged on the transformer 4, and each group of output ends is respectively connected with the two electrodes 2; the ends of the two electrodes 2 extending into the furnace body 1 are positioned on the same plane.
In the invention, when the number of the electrodes is three, the transformer 4 is an alternating current transformer, three groups of output ends are arranged on the transformer 4, and each group of output ends is respectively connected with any two adjacent electrodes 2 in the three electrodes; the ends of the three electrodes 2, which extend into the furnace body 1, of the two electrodes 2 are positioned on the same plane, and the distances between the two adjacent electrodes 2 are equal.
In the present invention, the electrode 2 is a hollow electrode or a solid electrode. When the electrode 2 is a hollow electrode, one end of the electrode 2 extending out of the furnace body 1 is connected with a gas pipeline; one end of the electrode 2 arranged in the furnace body 1 is communicated with the air outlet, and air is introduced into the furnace body 1 from the hollow electrode.
In the invention, the electrode 2 is a carbon electrode, a graphite electrode or a self-baking electrode; the diameter of the electrode 2 is 300-5000 mm; when two or three electrodes 2 are provided, the distance between two adjacent electrodes 2 is 50 mm-2000 mm. In practice, the amount is arbitrarily selected from the range.
In the invention, the distance between one end of the electrode 2 extending into the furnace body 1 and the bottom of the furnace body 1 is not limited, mainly because the distance is related to the voltage, the diameter of the electrode and the distance between the electrodes, when the voltage, the diameter of the electrode and the distance between the electrodes are fixed, the distance between the lower end of the electrode 2 and the bottom of the furnace body 1 is adjusted, and the current can be generated between the electrodes in a proper distance range.
In the invention, the heating device also comprises an electrode height adjusting unit 5 arranged outside the furnace body 1; the electrode height adjusting unit 5 is connected with the external electrode 2 arranged on the furnace body 1.
In the invention, the electrode height adjusting unit 5 comprises a base, an electrode clamping mechanism, an electrode lifting mechanism and a power mechanism; the power mechanism is arranged on the base; the electrode clamping mechanism is arranged at one end of the electrode 2 outside the furnace body 1; the power mechanism is connected with the electrode clamping mechanism through the electrode lifting mechanism and drives the electrode 2 to move up and down along the axial direction of the electrode 2. When the device is implemented, the power mechanism is a hydraulic station or an air pressure station.
In the invention, the heating device also comprises a sealing ring 3, wherein the sealing ring 3 is arranged at the joint of the electrode 2 and the furnace body 1, so that the sealing property is increased, the furnace body 1 is in a closed state, and the outside air is prevented from entering.
In the invention, the heating device also comprises an electrode lengthening mechanism; the electrode lengthening mechanism is arranged at one end of the electrode 2 extending out of the furnace body 1.
The transformer 4 provided by the invention is an existing alternating current transformer or a rectifier transformer, and the rear end of the transformer also comprises a short net, a water-cooled cable, an electrode holder or a copper tile. The transformer 4 is internally provided with a voltage regulating coil and a voltage regulating switch, and has the functions of regulating voltage, transmitting current and power.
In the invention, the specific structure of the electrode lengthening mechanism is determined according to the selected electrode material, and different electrode materials are provided with corresponding lengthening devices.
The invention provides a gas heating device, and a heating method thereof comprises the following steps:
1) introducing gas into the reaction device; simultaneously, voltage is applied to an electrode arranged in the reaction device, and under the action of the voltage, the current generated by the electrode ionizes the gas to generate a plasma arc;
2) the generated plasma arc heats the gas passing through the electrode to generate hot air gas which is sent out of the reaction device.
In the step 1), gas is introduced through the electrode or the side wall of the reaction device; the intake of gas is 100Nm3～8000MNm3(ii) a The gas temperature is 20-1000 ℃; the voltage is 220V-10000 KV. When the voltage control device is implemented, the voltage is matched with the voltage provided by the power grid.
When the gas in the step 2) is heated, introducing temperature-adjusting gas into the reaction device to adjust the heating temperature of the gas; the temperature of the hot air is 100-15000 ℃, and the delivery rate of the hot air is 100Nm3～8000MNm3。
When the plasma arc heating device is implemented, the generated plasma arc is a plasma arc with high temperature, high specific heat capacity and high energy density, and can heat gas.
In the step 1), when voltage is initially applied, the plasma hot air is directly generated by the electrode by adjusting the height distance between the electrode and the graphite carbon brick arranged in the reaction device and adjusting the voltage.
Mainly because when the voltage is applied initially, because the time is short, the temperature in the furnace body 1 is slowly raised, and the immediate arc starting cannot be met between the electrodes, at the moment, the voltage can be set by adjusting the height distance between the three-phase electrode and the graphite carbon brick arranged in the reaction device (realized by the electrode height adjusting unit 5) and adjusting the voltage, and the height distance between the electrode and the graphite carbon brick is adjusted, if the electrode generates a plasma arc at a certain distance; if the height distance between the electrode and the graphite carbon brick reaches the minimum value and the electrode can not start arcing, the voltage is readjusted, the height distance between the electrode and the graphite carbon brick is adjusted, the operation is repeated until the electrode generates plasma arcs, the gas entering the furnace body 1 can be heated, and the electrode height adjusting unit 5 adjusts the height position of the electrode 2 to enable the gas of the whole device to be heated stably. After the system is stabilized, the height position of the electrode 2 is adjusted again by the electrode height adjusting unit 5, so that the gas around the electrode generates plasma arc under the action of voltage to heat the gas.
In the invention, because the furnace body 1 is a submerged arc furnace, when the arc striking is carried out by adopting the existing arc striking technology at the beginning, the furnace body 1 is also heated to ensure that the temperature is in a certain value, and then the arc striking is carried out by adjusting the nursing between the electrode 2 and the graphite carbon brick 6 and adjusting the voltage.
In addition, other arc starting methods are also adopted to realize the initial arc starting of the invention. For example, the furnace is opened without charging, about 15% of current is applied to the furnace body 1, then the electrode 2 is used as a bottom, slow arcing is carried out, the furnace baking and the oven are integrated, and after the furnace temperature is reached, ventilation is carried out for heating.
In the invention, the type and concentration of the gas are not limited, and all gases commonly used in industrial production can be heated by the heating device of the invention, the heated gas can be used as a heating source (equivalent to the function of the existing fuel) or used as a heat source and a production reactor (saving the heating fuel and participating in the reaction), and the gas can be optimized according to the using environment of the heated gas in practical application.
The invention does not limit the specific structure of the electrode clamping mechanism and the electrode lifting mechanism, and can adopt the existing electrode lifting mechanism and the electrode clamping mechanism for realizing the height adjustment of the electrode, and also can adopt other structures for realizing the height adjustment of the electrode.
The gas heating device provided by the invention can reach 100-500000 KW in installation, but the investment is about 300 yuan/KW according to the actual investment and the generated benefit estimation, the device can continuously run for more than 20000h, the heating range is 100-15000 ℃, the temperature requirement of industrial production can be met, and therefore, the device can be designed into different sizes and specifications according to the actual use environment during implementation, and the application range is wide.
The heating apparatus and the heating process according to the present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the heating apparatus provided in this embodiment includes a furnace body 1, an electrode 2, and a transformer 4.
In this embodiment, the furnace body 1 is a hearth of a submerged arc furnace, the furnace body 1 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet communicated with the air inlet, the air inlet is communicated with the air outlet through an electrode 2, and the bottom in the furnace body 1 is provided with a graphite carbon brick 6.
Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, three electrodes 2 are respectively a first electrode, a second electrode and a third electrode; the three electrodes 2 are arranged in parallel, the distance between every two adjacent electrodes in the three electrodes is equal, the axes between the three electrodes are positioned on the same circle to form a pole center circle, one ends of the three electrodes are arranged in the furnace body 1, the other ends of the three electrodes extend out of the furnace body 1, and the joints of the three electrodes and the furnace body 1 are provided with sealing rings 3. The electrodes 2 are all graphite electrodes. The diameter of the electrode 2 is 500mm, and the distance between two adjacent electrodes 2 is 1000 mm.
In this embodiment, the transformer 4 is an ac transformer, three groups of output terminals are provided on the transformer 4, each group of output terminals of the transformer 4 includes two terminals, one of the terminals is provided with a short net 7, and the other terminal is provided with a water-cooled cable 8. The ac voltage of the transformer 4 is 300V.
Specifically, the first group of output ends are respectively connected with a first electrode and a second electrode, and one wiring terminal is connected with the first electrode through a short net 7; the other terminal is connected with the second electrode through a water-cooled cable 8;
the second group of output ends are respectively connected with the second electrode and the third electrode, and one wiring end is connected with the second electrode through a short net 7; the other terminal is connected with the third electrode through a water-cooled cable 8;
the third group of output ends are respectively connected with the first electrode and the third electrode, and one wiring end is connected with the first electrode through a short net 7; the other terminal is connected to the third electrode via a water cooled cable 8.
The heating device provided by the embodiment also comprises an electrode height adjusting unit 5 arranged outside the furnace body 1; the electrode height adjusting unit 5 comprises a base, an electrode clamping mechanism, an electrode lifting mechanism and a power mechanism; the power mechanism is arranged on the base; the electrode clamping mechanism is arranged on the electrode 2; the power mechanism is connected with the electrode clamping mechanism through the electrode lifting mechanism and drives the electrode 2 to move up and down along the axial direction of the electrode 2; the power mechanism is a hydraulic station.
When the electrode clamping mechanism works and needs to adjust the axial height of the electrode, the hydraulic station provides power to drive the lifting mechanism to move, and the lifting mechanism drives the electrode 2 to move up and down along the axial direction of the electrode 2 through the electrode clamping mechanism.
The electrode extension mechanism that this embodiment provided, because the graphite electrode that the electrode selected, electrode extension mechanism is for setting up the screw that stretches out furnace body 1 outer one end at graphite electrode, the electrode consumes along with the plasma electric arc that constantly produces, when electrode 2 consumption that stretches into in the furnace body 1 shortens, connect a new graphite electrode on the electrode again through arranging the screw that furnace body 1 outer one end in, rethread high-degree regulating unit 5, the electrode after will lengthening stretches into in the furnace body 1 downwards, form the electric current until electrode 2 arranges in the suitable position in furnace body 1 and between electrode 2, gaseous plasma electric arc that produces.
The gas heating device provided by the embodiment comprises the following heating methods:
1) gas is introduced into the furnace body 1 through the gas inlet; the air intake of the gas carbon dioxide is 1000Nm3The initial temperature of the gas is 20 ℃; meanwhile, the transformer 4 applies alternating voltage to the three-phase electrode arranged in the furnace body 1, the three-phase electrode generates high-temperature plasma arc,
2) the gas is heated by high-temperature plasma arc to generate hot air which is discharged out of the furnace body 1 from the gas outlet, the temperature of the hot air is 1300 ℃, and the air output is 1500Nm3。
In the embodiment, gas is introduced into the furnace body 1 from the gas inlet, and the gas entering the furnace body 1 generates carbon dioxide hot air gas under the action of the plasma arc and is discharged from the gas outlet on the furnace body 1; the discharged carbon dioxide hot air gas directly enters the material reaction kiln, and the carbon dioxide hot air gas directly reacts with the material, so that the kiln is not required to be heated by additionally adopting fuel, and energy is saved; in the reaction kiln, the carbon dioxide hot air gas and the materials (the materials can be carbonate ore and materials for producing cement) are reacted to generate tail gas, and as other impurity gases are not introduced into the reaction kiln, the tail gas contains a large amount of carbon dioxide gas,can return to the air inlet for heating and recycling, and can also be used as a temperature adjusting air source for adjusting the temperature of the heating air in the furnace body 1, so that the actual requirements of industrial production are met. CO for achieving energy conservation and environmental protection and realizing heating in industrial production process2And NxZero O emission, meeting the requirement of carbon neutralization.
When the gas heating device is initially started, because the temperature of the electric arc generated by the electrode 2 is low, the electric arc can not be started immediately, the distance between one end of the electrode 2 extending into the furnace body 1 and the graphite carbon brick 6 is adjusted by the electrode height adjusting unit 5, and meanwhile, the alternating voltage is adjusted, so that the electrode 2 generates a high-temperature plasma electric arc; after high-temperature plasma arc is generated, the electrode 2 is pulled outwards towards the furnace body 1 through the electrode height adjusting unit 5, the distance between the electrode end extending into the furnace body 1 and the bottom of the furnace body 1 is increased until the electrode 2 is arranged at a proper position in the furnace body 1 and current is formed between the electrodes 2, and plasma arc is generated by gas.
Meanwhile, as the electrode 2 is made of a graphite rod, the graphite rod reacts with carbon dioxide to generate graphene under the action of high-temperature electric arc and carbon dioxide; and the electrode 2 is longer extending out of the furnace body 1, when the graphite rod is consumed in reaction, the plasma generating device is prevented from stopping due to electrode consumption, a new electrode can be connected to the electrode end extending out of the furnace body 1, and continuous heating of gas can be realized.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, different from the foregoing embodiment 1, in this embodiment, two electrodes 2 are provided, which are respectively denoted as a first electrode and a second electrode, the transformer 4 is a rectifier transformer, two sets of output ends are provided on the transformer 4, each set of output ends of the transformer 4 includes two terminals, one of the terminals is provided with a short net 7, and the other terminal is provided with a water-cooled cable 8. The ac voltage of the transformer 4 is 300V.
Specifically, the first group of output ends are respectively connected with a first electrode and a second electrode, and one wiring terminal is connected with the first electrode through a short net 7; the other terminal is connected with the second electrode through a water-cooled cable 8;
the second group of output ends are respectively connected with the first electrode and the second electrode, and one wiring end is connected with the second electrode through a short net 7; the other terminal is connected to the first electrode via a water cooled cable 8.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 3, unlike the above embodiment 1, in this embodiment, one electrode 2 is provided, and the graphite carbon brick 6 at the bottom of the furnace body 1 may be used as an anode. The transformer 4 is a rectifier transformer, two groups of output ends are arranged on the transformer 4, each group of output ends of the transformer 4 comprises two wiring ends, one wiring end is provided with a short net 7, and the other wiring end is provided with a water-cooled cable 8. The ac voltage of the transformer 4 is 300V.
Specifically, the first group of output ends are respectively connected with the electrode 2 and a graphite carbon brick 6 at the bottom of the furnace body 1, and one wiring end is connected with the electrode through a short net 7; the other terminal is connected with the bottom of the furnace body 1 through a water-cooled cable 8;
the second group of output ends are respectively connected with the electrode 2 and the bottom of the furnace body 1, and one wiring end is connected with the graphite carbon brick 6 at the bottom of the furnace body 1 through a short net 7; the other terminal is connected to the electrode 2 via a water-cooled cable 8.
Example 4
Unlike embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the electrodes 2 each have a diameter of 300 mm; the distance between any two adjacent electrodes 2 is 50 mm.
In this embodiment, the electrode 2 is a self-baking electrode. When the electrode 2 is consumed, the electrode extension structure comprises a steel cylinder which is a cylinder body with a hollow inner part, the cross section structure of the inner wall of the steel cylinder is the same as that of the electrode, during extension, the steel cylinder is welded at the end part of the electrode 2 arranged outside the furnace body 1, a self-baking electrode material is arranged in the steel cylinder, the electrode 2 is pushed towards the inside of the furnace body 1 through the electrode height adjusting unit 5 until the electrode 2 is arranged at a proper position in the furnace body 1 and current is formed between the electrodes 2, and plasma arc is generated by gas.
In the gas heating apparatus provided in this embodiment, when heating, the gas is carbon monoxide, the transformer 4 has an ac voltage of 20KV, and the intake rate of the gas is 2600MNm3(ii) a The gas temperature is 100 deg.C, the hot air temperature generated after heating is 5000 deg.C, and the delivery rate of hot air is 3500MNm3。
Example 5
Unlike embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the electrodes 2 each have a diameter of 300 mm; the distance between any two adjacent electrodes 2 is 50 mm.
In this embodiment, the electrode 2 is a carbon electrode. The carbon electrode was elongated in the same manner as in example 1.
In the gas heating device provided by the embodiment, when heating, the gas is sulfur dioxide, the alternating current voltage of the transformer 4 is 500KV, and the air intake of the gas is 8000MNm3(ii) a The gas temperature is 600 deg.C, the hot air temperature generated after heating is 8000 deg.C, and the delivery rate of hot air is 5000MNm3。
Example 6
Unlike embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the electrodes 2 each have a diameter of 300 mm; the distance between two adjacent electrodes 2 is 50 mm.
In the gas heating device provided by this embodiment, when heating, the gas is oxygen, the transformer 4 has an ac voltage of 1000KV, and the intake of the gas is 3000MNm3(ii) a The gas temperature is 400 deg.C, the hot air temperature generated after heating is 10000 deg.C, and the delivery rate of hot air is 8000MNm3。
Example 7
Different from the embodiment 1, in the embodiment, the electrode 2 is a hollow electrode, and at this time, one end of the electrode 2 extending out of the furnace body 1 is connected with a gas pipeline; one end of the electrode 2 arranged in the furnace body 1 is communicated with the air outlet, and air is introduced into the furnace body 1 from the hollow electrode.
When the furnace is implemented, gas enters the hollow electrode through the gas pipeline and then enters the furnace body 1, voltage is applied to the electrodes 2 at the same time, current is formed between the electrodes 2, a plasma arc is generated, the plasma arc heats the gas passing through the hollow electrode, and the heated gas is discharged out of the furnace body 1 from the gas outlet.
In the implementation of the invention, a hot air device with a plurality of electrodes can be formed in a mode of parallel arrangement of a plurality of groups of transformers to heat the gas.
The gas heating method provided by the invention combines the electric arc principle with the submerged arc furnace structure, heats gas by using the plasma electric arc principle, adopts hot air to provide heat for a reaction system, does not generate harmful gas, saves energy and is environment-friendly; the gas heating temperature is within 100-15000 ℃, the process requirement is met, the cost is reduced, and the CO heated in the industrial production process is realized2And NxThe zero emission of O is realized, the generated hot air can be used as the reaction gas of the industrial furnace, the reaction gas generated at the rear end of the industrial furnace is used as the circulating gas, and the reaction gas is continuously heated to the temperature required by the production of the furnace and participates in the reaction again, or is used as the temperature regulating gas to regulate the hot air quantity of the hot air gas so that the industrial production can be continuously finished, the energy is saved, and the environment is protected.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any equivalent modifications or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A gas heating method, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) introducing gas into the reaction device; simultaneously, voltage is applied to an electrode arranged in the reaction device, and under the action of the voltage, the current generated by the electrode ionizes the gas to generate a plasma arc;
2) the generated plasma arc heats the gas passing through the electrode to generate hot air gas which is sent out of the reaction device.
2. The gas heating method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the gas is introduced through an electrode or a side wall of the reaction device; the intake of gas is 100Nm3～8000MNm3(ii) a The gas temperature is 20-1000 ℃; the voltage is 220V-10000 KV.
3. A gas heating method according to claim 2, whereinIntroducing temperature regulating gas into the reaction device to regulate the heating temperature of the gas during heating of the gas in the step 2); the temperature of the hot air is 100-15000 ℃, and the delivery rate of the hot air is 100Nm3～8000MNm3。
4. The gas heating method according to claim 3, wherein in the step 1), the plasma hot wind is directly generated by adjusting a height distance between the electrode and the graphite carbon brick placed in the reaction device and adjusting the magnitude of the voltage when the voltage is initially applied.
5. A heating device for implementing the gas heating method according to claim 4, wherein the heating device comprises a furnace body (1), an electrode (2), a transformer (4); the furnace body (1) is respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the bottom of the furnace body (1) is provided with graphite carbon bricks (6); the air inlet is communicated with the air outlet through the electrode (2); the electrode (2) is axially parallel to the furnace body (1), one end of the electrode (2) is arranged in the furnace body (1), and the other end of the electrode (2) extends out of the furnace body (1); the transformer (4) is connected with the electrode (2); one, two or three electrodes (2) are arranged; the transformer (4) is an alternating current transformer or a rectifier transformer.
6. The heating device according to claim 5, wherein when one electrode (2) is provided, the transformer (4) is a rectifier transformer, two sets of output terminals are arranged on the transformer (4), and each set of output terminals is respectively connected with the graphite carbon brick (6) and the electrode (2);
when the number of the electrodes (2) is two, the transformer (4) is a rectifier transformer, two groups of output ends are arranged on the transformer (4), and each group of output ends is respectively connected with the two electrodes (2); the end parts of the two electrodes (2) extending into the furnace body (1) are positioned on the same plane;
when the number of the electrodes is three, the transformer (4) comprises an alternating current transformer, three groups of output ends are arranged on the transformer (4), and each group of output ends is respectively connected with any two adjacent electrodes of the three electrodes (2); the ends of the three electrodes (2) of which the two electrodes (2) extend into the furnace body (1) are positioned on the same plane, and the distances between the two adjacent electrodes (2) are equal.
7. The heating device according to claim 6, wherein the electrode (2) is a hollow electrode or a solid electrode; the electrode (2) is a carbon electrode, a graphite electrode or a self-baking electrode; the diameter of the electrode (2) is 300-5000 mm; when the number of the electrodes (2) is two or three, the distance between two adjacent electrodes (2) is 50-2000 mm.
8. The heating device according to any one of claims 5, 6 or 7, further comprising an electrode height adjusting unit (5) disposed outside the furnace body (1); the electrode height adjusting unit (5) is connected with one end of the electrode (2) arranged outside the furnace body (1).
9. The heating device according to claim 8, wherein the electrode height adjusting unit (5) comprises a base, an electrode clamping mechanism, an electrode lifting mechanism and a power mechanism; the power mechanism is arranged on the base; the electrode clamping mechanism is arranged at one end of the electrode (2) outside the furnace body (1); the power mechanism is connected with the electrode clamping mechanism through the electrode lifting mechanism and drives the electrode (2) to move up and down along the axial direction of the electrode (2); the power mechanism is a hydraulic station or an air pressure station.
10. The heating device according to claim 9, further comprising a sealing ring (3) and an electrode extension mechanism; the sealing ring (3) is arranged at the joint of the electrode (2) and the furnace body (1); the electrode lengthening mechanism is arranged at one end of the electrode (2) extending out of the furnace body (1).
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