CN113858030A

CN113858030A - Cutter passivation equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113858030A
Application number: CN202111344428.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王义文; 唐博; 李鹏飞; 曾令晨
Original assignee: Harbin University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Harbin University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-11-12
Filing date: 2021-11-12
Publication date: 2021-12-31

Abstract

The invention relates to cutter passivation equipment, and belongs to the technical field of cutter machining equipment. The automatic grinding machine comprises a rack, a cutter control mechanism, a grinding material control mechanism and a feeding and discharging mechanism, wherein a rotary bearing is arranged at the upper part of the rack and used for supporting the cutter control mechanism, a first motor drives the rotary bearing to rotate through a gear to drive the cutter control mechanism to rotate, and three sets of cutter clamping assemblies are annularly and uniformly distributed on a cutter control rack on the cutter control mechanism; the lower part of the rack is provided with a slide rail for supporting the abrasive control mechanism, the output main shaft of the second motor is connected with a flange shaft at the lower part of the abrasive barrel to drive the abrasive barrel to rotate, and the abrasive control mechanism horizontally reciprocates on the slide rail to finish abrasive material changing work without an additional tool; the front end of the mechanical arm is provided with a cutter clamping actuator, the unpassivated cutter is clamped into the cutter clamping assembly from the material tray, and the passivated cutter is conveyed back to the material tray. The cutter passivation equipment provided by the invention can realize automation of the whole cutter passivation process, has short average passivation time, and improves the cutter passivation production efficiency.

Description

Cutter passivation equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to cutter passivation equipment, and belongs to the technical field of cutter machining equipment.

Background

When the cutter is manufactured, burrs can be generated on the cutting edge to a certain extent, and if the burrs are not removed before coating, the burrs can be easily broken away once the cutter is put into use, so that a bare point without a coating can be generated at the cutting edge, the cutting edge can be quickly abraded during cutting, and the service life of the cutter can be greatly shortened. The blunt circle of cutting edge can make the blade become smooth, the emergence that reduces the tipping that can be very big, and workpiece surface roughness also can reduce simultaneously.

The existing dragging type cutter passivation equipment can only drag a cutter to be 90-degree friction collision with abrasive materials, the passivation motion is monotonous, the contact between the cutting edge of a certain novel cutter and the abrasive materials is insufficient, and the passivation effect is unsatisfactory. When the existing cutter passivation equipment is used for production, a worker is required to place the ground cutters on the cutter passivation equipment station one by one, the cutters are taken down after passivation is completed, and the cutter feeding and discharging process seriously affects the production efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides cutter passivation equipment, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the upper part of the frame is provided with a rotary bearing for supporting the cutter control mechanism, and the lower part of the frame is provided with a slide rail for supporting the grinding material control mechanism; the first motor of the cutter control mechanism drives the rotary bearing to rotate through a gear to drive the cutter control mechanism to rotate, and at least three sets of cutter clamping assemblies are annularly and uniformly distributed on the cutter control rack on the cutter control mechanism; the output shaft of a second motor of the abrasive control mechanism is connected with a flange shaft at the lower part of the abrasive barrel to drive the abrasive barrel to rotate, and the abrasive control mechanism horizontally reciprocates on the slide rail to finish abrasive material changing work without an additional tool; and a cutter clamping actuator is arranged at the front end of a mechanical arm of the feeding and discharging mechanism, an unpassivated cutter is clamped into the cutter clamping assembly from the material tray, and then the passivated cutter is conveyed back to the material tray.

Further, it is characterized in that: the cutter control mechanism consists of a control rack and a cutter clamping assembly, and the cutter clamping assembly consists of a screw rod sliding table, a rotating pedestal, a connecting piece, a third motor and a pneumatic clamp; the screw rod sliding table drives the rotary sliding table and the pneumatic clamp to reciprocate in the vertical direction, so that the passivation depth of the cutter can be realized, and the passivation effects of different passivation depths are different; the rotating table base drives the air cylinder to rotate in the vertical plane, so that passivation of different directions of the cutter can be realized, and the highest passivation efficiency is guaranteed.

Further, it is characterized in that: the grinding material control mechanism comprises a second motor, a grinding material control mechanism rack, a main shaft, a bearing seat, a flange shaft and a grinding material barrel; the main shaft is connected with the flange shaft through the molded surface, the tail part of the main shaft is a curved cone, the flange shaft is provided with a cavity matched with the flange shaft, the connection mode is good in centering performance, large torque can be transmitted, the flange shaft is convenient to assemble and disassemble, the flange shaft is connected with the abrasive barrel through the bolt, the rotary motion of the abrasive barrel is realized, and the rotating speed and the rotating time of the abrasive barrel are controlled.

Further, it is characterized in that: the main shaft transmits axial and radial loads through a bearing and is fixed on the abrasive control mechanism rack through a bearing seat, a rack is installed on one side of the abrasive control mechanism rack, the rack is matched with a gear of a fourth motor installed on the rack, the fourth motor drives the abrasive control mechanism to move in the horizontal direction of the rack, when the abrasive needs to be replaced, the fourth motor drives the abrasive bucket to be away from the cutter control mechanism and reach the outer edge of the rack, and after the abrasive is replaced, the fourth motor drives the abrasive bucket to be close to the cutter control mechanism and return to the cutter.

Further, it is characterized in that: the bottom of the side face of the grinding material barrel is provided with a movable baffle capable of being opened and closed, compared with the traditional cutter passivation equipment, the grinding material barrel can be replaced without being detached, and the top of the side face of the grinding material barrel is provided with an inwards inclined rubber strip, so that the problem of grinding material splashing during cutter passivation can be effectively solved.

Further, it is characterized in that: the feeding and discharging mechanism mainly comprises a mechanical arm, a cutter clamping actuator and a material tray, wherein the cutter clamping actuator is driven by a micro motor and is provided with two clamping positions, and the mechanical arm can complete feeding and discharging actions through one-time movement.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the device for passivating the cutter, the cutter is placed on the rack when the device works, the cutter is conveyed to the cutter control mechanism by the feeding and discharging mechanism, the cutter control mechanism moves the cutter to enter the grinding material control mechanism to start passivation, the cutter control mechanism controls the forward and reverse rotation of the cutter, the rotating speed and the contact angle of the cutter and the grinding material, and the cutter is taken down by the feeding and discharging mechanism and placed back to a new tray after passivation is completed. The feeding and discharging mechanism does not influence the passivation work of other components when the feeding and discharging operation is carried out on the cutter on a certain cutter clamping component.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tool passivating apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a tool control structure of the tool dulling apparatus shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an abrasive control structure of the tool passivating apparatus shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of fig. 3 at a.

The numbering in the figure is as follows: 100. A frame; 110. a slew bearing; 120. a slide rail; 200. a tool control mechanism; 210. a first motor; 220. a tool control rack; 230. a tool holding assembly; 231. a lead screw sliding table; 232. rotating the pedestal; 233. a connecting member; 234. a third motor; 235. a pneumatic clamp; 300. an abrasive control mechanism; 310. a second motor; 311. a second motor output shaft; 320. a flange shaft; 330. an abrasive bucket; 340. an abrasive control mechanism gantry; 341. a rack; 342. a fourth motor; 343. a gear; 350. a bearing; 351. a double-row tapered roller bearing; 352. a one-way thrust cylindrical roller bearing; 360. a bearing seat; 400. a feeding and discharging mechanism; 410. a mechanical arm; 420. a tool clamping actuator; 430. and (7) a material tray.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to fig. 1-4 are exemplary and intended to be used for explanation of the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1-4, in one embodiment of the present invention, a tool passivating apparatus is provided, including a frame 100, a tool control mechanism 200, an abrasive control mechanism 300, and a loading and unloading mechanism 400.

Wherein the cutter control mechanism 200 is fixed on the rotary bearing 110 at the upper part of the frame 100 and is used for controlling the movement of the cutter in the passivation work; the abrasive material control mechanism 200 is fixed on the rack lower slide rail 120 and used for controlling the motion of the abrasive material in passivation work; the feeding and discharging mechanism is fixed on the right side of the frame 100 and is used for feeding before passivation and discharging after passivation.

Specifically, in the cutter passivation device according to the embodiment of the invention, when the cutter passivation device works, the tray 430 with the cutters is placed on the rack 100, the cutter is conveyed to the cutter control mechanism 200 by the feeding and discharging mechanism 400, the cutters are moved 200 by the cutter control mechanism to enter the abrasive control mechanism 300 to start passivation, the cutter control mechanism 300 realizes the control of the forward and reverse rotation, the rotating speed and the contact angle of the cutters and the abrasive, and the cutters are taken down by the feeding and discharging mechanism 400 and placed back to the new tray 430 after passivation is completed. The loading and unloading mechanism 400 does not affect the passivation of other components when loading and unloading a tool on a tool clamping component 230. Therefore, the cutter passivation equipment can passivate cutters with different cutting edges, and the passivation effect is improved; meanwhile, automatic feeding and discharging can be realized, and passivation efficiency is improved.

Further, in the tool passivation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the loading and unloading mechanism works, a worker puts the tray 430 containing the tool into an assigned position of the rack 100, the mechanical arm 410 moves to the tray 430, after the left gripper of the tool holding actuator 420 at the end of the manipulator grips the tool, the mechanical arm 410 moves to the pneumatic gripper 235, the right gripper of the tool holding actuator 420 grips the tool, the mechanical arm 410 moves downward, and the tool holding actuator 420 rotates until the left gripper aligns with the pneumatic gripper 235, so as to send the tool into the pneumatic gripper 235.

Further, according to the tool passivation apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention, when the tool control mechanism works, the tool is sent to the pneumatic clamp 235, the first motor 210 drives the gear 211 to rotate to drive the tool clamping assembly 230 to rotate, meanwhile, the tool clamping assembly 230 is driven by the 231 screw sliding table 231 to vertically move downwards to a specified depth of the abrasive barrel 330, the third motor 234 is started to drive the tool to rotate during the descending process of the tool clamping assembly 230, and the rotary table base 232 rotates to enable the tool to contact with the abrasive at a proper angle; after the passivation is completed, the first motor 210 drives the gear 211 to rotate to drive the cutter clamping assembly 230 to rotate to the working position of the upper blanking mechanism, meanwhile, the cutter clamping assembly 230 drives the cutter clamping assembly 230 to vertically move upwards to a specified height through the 231 screw rod sliding table 231, the third motor 234 stops rotating in the ascending process of the cutter clamping assembly 230, and the rotary table base 232 resets to enable the cutter to be over against the cutter clamping actuator.

Further, in the tool passivation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the abrasive control mechanism works, the fourth motor 342 fixed on the frame 100 drives the gear 343 to rotate on the rack 341, the rack 341 drives the abrasive control mechanism 300 to move left and right on the frame 100, and move to the right edge of the gantry 100, after the abrasive is replaced, the fourth motor 342 drives the abrasive control mechanism to return to the passivation station, at this time, the second motor 310 is started, and the abrasive barrel drives the abrasive to rotate.

Further, there are two embodiments of the abrasive control mechanism 300 moving to the right edge of the gantry 100 to change the abrasive. The first method comprises the following steps: the worker takes out the grinding materials through the movable baffle on the edge of the bottom of the grinding material barrel 330, and replaces the grinding materials required by the passivation; the other one is as follows: the worker detaches the fastener between the second motor output shaft 311 and the flange shaft, and the whole abrasive bucket is replaced by the hydraulic forklift in the operation workshop. The first embodiment is suitable for replacing the abrasive when the service life of the abrasive on the passivating machine is expired, and the second embodiment is suitable for replacing the passivated cutter by the passivating machine when the service life of the abrasive is not expired and the formula of the abrasive needs to be adjusted.

Claims

1. A tool passivating apparatus, comprising:

the grinding machine comprises a rack (100), wherein a rotary bearing (110) is arranged at the upper part of the rack (100) and used for supporting a cutter control mechanism (200), a slide rail (120) is arranged at the lower part of the rack (100) and used for supporting the grinding material control mechanism (200), and a feeding and discharging mechanism (400) is arranged on a left side platform; a first motor (210) of the cutter control mechanism (200) drives a rotary bearing (110) to rotate through a gear (211) to drive the cutter control mechanism (200) to rotate, and three sets of cutter clamping assemblies (230) are annularly and uniformly distributed on a cutter control rack (220) on the cutter control mechanism (200); a second motor output shaft (311) of the abrasive control mechanism (300) is connected with a flange shaft (320) at the lower part of the abrasive barrel to drive the abrasive barrel (330) to rotate, and the abrasive control mechanism (300) horizontally reciprocates on the slide rail (120) to finish abrasive material changing work without an additional tool; the front end of a mechanical arm (410) of the loading and unloading mechanism (400) is provided with a cutter clamping actuator (420), an unpassivated cutter is clamped into the cutter clamping assembly (230) from the material tray (430), and then the passivated cutter is conveyed back to the material tray (430).

2. The tool passivating apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the cutter control mechanism (200) is composed of a control rack (220) and a cutter clamping assembly (230), wherein the cutter clamping assembly (230) is composed of a lead screw sliding table (231), a rotary table seat (232), a connecting piece (233), a third motor (234) and a pneumatic clamp (235); the lead screw sliding table (231) drives the rotating pedestal (232) and the pneumatic clamp (235) to reciprocate in the vertical direction, so that the passivation depth of a cutter can be realized, and the passivation effects of different passivation depths are different; the revolving stage seat drives the cylinder at vertical plane internal rotation, can realize the passivation of the different direction of cutter to guarantee that blade and abrasive material are 90 contacts, improve passivation efficiency.

3. The tool passivating apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the abrasive control mechanism (300) comprises a second motor (310), an abrasive control mechanism rack (340), an output shaft (311), a bearing (350), a bearing seat (360), a flange shaft and an abrasive barrel; the main shaft is connected with the flange shaft through a molded surface, the tail part of the output shaft (311) is a curved cone, the flange shaft (320) is provided with a cavity matched with the flange shaft, the connection mode is good in centering performance, large torque can be transmitted, the flange shaft is convenient to assemble and disassemble, the flange shaft (320) is connected with the grinding barrel (330) through bolts, the rotary motion of the grinding barrel is achieved, and the rotating speed and the rotating time of the grinding barrel are controlled.

4. The tool passivating apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the output shaft (311) transmits axial and radial loads through a bearing (350), and is fixed on an abrasive control mechanism rack (340) through a bearing seat (360), a rack (341) is installed on one side of the abrasive control mechanism rack (340), the rack is matched with a gear (343) of a fourth motor (342) installed on the rack (100), the fourth motor (342) drives the abrasive control mechanism (300) to move in the horizontal direction of the rack (100), when the abrasive needs to be replaced, the fourth motor (342) drives an abrasive barrel (330) to be far away from the cutter control mechanism (200) and reach the outer edge of the rack (100), and after the abrasive is replaced, the fourth motor (342) drives the abrasive barrel (330) to be close to the cutter control mechanism (200) and return to a cutter passivation station.

5. The tool passivating apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the bottom of the side face of the grinding material barrel is provided with a movable baffle capable of being opened and closed, compared with the traditional cutter passivation equipment, the grinding material barrel can be replaced without being detached, and the top of the side face of the grinding material barrel is provided with an inwards inclined rubber strip (331), so that the problem of grinding material splashing during cutter passivation can be effectively solved.

6. The tool passivating apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the feeding and discharging mechanism (400) mainly comprises a mechanical arm (410), a cutter clamping actuator (420) and a material tray (430), the cutter clamping actuator is driven by a micro motor and is provided with two clamping positions, and the mechanical arm can complete feeding and discharging actions through one-time movement.