CN113857871B - Production method for eliminating ingot cracks of 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate - Google Patents
Production method for eliminating ingot cracks of 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113857871B CN113857871B CN202111121888.0A CN202111121888A CN113857871B CN 113857871 B CN113857871 B CN 113857871B CN 202111121888 A CN202111121888 A CN 202111121888A CN 113857871 B CN113857871 B CN 113857871B
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a production method for eliminating cracks of a 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate ingot, which comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out batching, smelting, casting, sawing, hot rolling and transverse cutting, wherein the smelting temperature is 710-770 ℃; the casting temperature is 670-710 ℃, the width of the cast ingot = the width of the plate finished product- (0-400) mm, the cross section of the cast ingot is a flat hexagon which is bilaterally symmetrical, and the included angle between two small surfaces of the side edge is more than or equal to 120 o; the length of the ingot after sawing is less than the width of the roll surface of the hot rolling mill; during hot rolling, firstly transversely rolling, and then longitudinally rolling the ingot to the thickness of a finished plate, wherein the width of the ingot after transverse rolling=the width of the finished plate plus (50-200) mm. The invention can solve the problems that the existing production method of the 4XXX aluminum alloy flower plate is unreasonable and cracks are easy to occur.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite aluminum plates, in particular to a production method for eliminating cracks of a 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate ingot.
Background
Aluminum plates of the 4XXX series belong to the Al-Si containing alloys. The metal has good fluidity and little solidification shrinkage, and belongs to building materials, mechanical parts, forging materials and welding materials; low melting point, good corrosion resistance, and heat resistance and wear resistance.
The existing production process of the 4XXX aluminum alloy pattern plate generally comprises the steps of proportioning, smelting, casting, sawing, hot rolling and transverse cutting. In the actual production process of the 4XXX aluminum alloy pattern plate, when cast ingots (generally cut into cuboid with a trapezoid cross section) are cast after batching and smelting, cracks are very easy to occur to cause the cast ingots to be scrapped, the cast ingots are easy to crack on large surfaces (namely, upper and lower planes with large areas) at a high casting speed, and side cracks tend to be serious at a low casting speed. This is because, in continuous casting, the side surface of the ingot is cooled on three sides, and the center portion of the large surface is cooled on two sides, and the temperature gradient and cooling rate of the side surface (the side surfaces on both sides of the large surface) in the axial direction of the ingot greatly exceed the temperature gradient and cooling rate of the center portion of the large surface in the axial direction of the ingot, so that the side surface of the ingot generates tensile stress acting in the height direction. The larger the width of the ingot, the larger the width-to-thickness ratio, the larger the temperature difference between the small surface (the plane with small left and right areas) and the center of the large surface, and the more serious the cracking tends to be.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of unreasonable production method of the existing 4XXX aluminum alloy pattern plate and easy occurrence of cracks by providing a production method for eliminating the cracks of the 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate ingot.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the production method for eliminating the cracks of the 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate cast ingot comprises the steps of proportioning, smelting, casting, sawing, hot rolling and transverse cutting in sequence, and is characterized in that: the smelting temperature is 710-770 ℃; the casting temperature is 670-710 ℃, the width of the cast ingot = the width- (0-400) mm of the finished plate, the cross section of the cast ingot is a flat hexagon which is symmetrical left and right, the upper surface and the lower surface in the width direction are large surfaces, the four surfaces of the two side edges are small surfaces, and the included angle of the two small surfaces of the side edges is more than or equal to 120 o; the length of the ingot after sawing is less than the width of the roll surface of the hot rolling mill; during hot rolling, firstly transversely rolling, and then longitudinally rolling the ingot to the thickness of a finished plate, wherein the width of the ingot after transverse rolling=the width of the finished plate plus (50-200) mm.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the smelting temperature is 730-750 ℃.
Further: the casting temperature is 670-690 ℃, the width of the cast ingot = the width of the plate finished product- (300-400) mm, the cross section of the cast ingot is a flat hexagon which is bilaterally symmetrical, and the included angle between two small surfaces of the side edge is 140 o.
Further: length after ingot sawing = hot mill roll face width-100 mm.
Further: the width of the cast ingot after transverse rolling=the width of the plate finished product+100 mm adopts the technical proposal,
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The production method for eliminating the cracks of the ingot of the 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate reduces the width of the forged ingot by 300-400 mm compared with the width of a finished product during forging, and reduces the width of the ingot by 400-550 mm compared with the width of the ingot in a normal production process, so that the width-thickness ratio of the ingot can be greatly reduced, the temperature gradient and the cooling speed difference of the side surface and the center part of the large surface of the ingot along the axial direction of the ingot during ingot casting can be greatly reduced, and the crack tendency of the ingot can be greatly reduced; meanwhile, the hexagonal section ingot with the facet included angle of 140 o is adopted, so that the included angle between the ingot faces is increased, the temperature gradient and the cooling speed at the included angle can be reduced, and further cracks at the included angle are avoided; transverse rolling increases the ingot width during sawing to obtain sufficient width to produce finished products without cracking occurring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a cross section of an ingot according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
embodiment one:
The method for producing the 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate ingot cracks eliminates aluminum coil 1 and alloy 4032, which comprises the following steps:
a, preparing materials, wherein the chemical components of the checkered plate are controlled according to the 4032 mark number in GB/T3190;
Smelting, namely smelting the prepared materials at a high temperature of 730 ℃ to obtain a melt with uniform distribution;
C, casting, namely refining the melt, and casting into an ingot, wherein the casting temperature is 670 ℃, the width=2400 mm of the ingot is equal to that of a flat hexagon which is bilaterally symmetrical, the upper surface and the lower surface of the ingot in the width direction are large surfaces 1, four surfaces on two sides are small surfaces 2, and the included angle a=140 o between the two small surfaces 2 on the side;
D, sawing, namely sawing the head and the tail of the ingot by a sawing machine, wherein the length of the ingot after sawing is 3200mm;
Hot rolling, namely hot continuous rolling, namely transverse rolling firstly, namely transverse rolling, namely ingot width=2900 mm, of the ingot, and then longitudinally rolling the ingot to 10mm;
and F, transverse cutting, namely, feeding the hot rolled aluminum coil to a transverse cutting machine and slicing the aluminum coil to a finished product specification.
The finished product is cuboid, the width of the finished product is 2800mm, the thickness of the finished product is 10mm, the width of the hot-rolled roll surface is 3300mm, and no crack occurs.
Embodiment two:
The method for producing the ingot cracks of the 4xxx aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate for producing the aluminum coil 2, the alloy 4043 comprises the following steps:
a, preparing materials, wherein the chemical components of the checkered plate are controlled according to the 4043 mark in GB/T3190;
Smelting, namely smelting the prepared materials at a high temperature of 740 ℃ to obtain a melt with uniform distribution;
C, casting, namely refining the melt, casting into an ingot, wherein the casting temperature is 680 ℃, the width=1700 mm of the ingot is a horizontally symmetrical flat hexagon, the upper surface and the lower surface of the ingot in the width direction are large surfaces, the four surfaces of the two sides are small surfaces, and the included angle between the two small surfaces of the sides is 120 o;
D, sawing, namely sawing the head and the tail of the ingot by a sawing machine, wherein the length of the ingot after sawing is 3200mm;
e, hot rolling, namely hot continuous rolling, namely transverse rolling firstly, namely longitudinal rolling the ingot to 8mm, of the ingot with the width=2100 mm after transverse rolling;
and F, transverse cutting, namely, feeding the hot rolled aluminum coil to a transverse cutting machine and slicing the aluminum coil to a finished product specification.
The finished product is cuboid, the width of the finished product is 2000mm, the thickness of the finished product is 8mm, the width of the hot-rolled roll surface is 3300mm, and no crack occurs.
Embodiment III:
The method for producing the ingot cracks of the 4xxx aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate for producing the aluminum coil 3, the alloy 4343 comprises the following steps:
a, preparing materials, wherein the chemical components of the checkered plate are controlled according to the 4343 mark of the GB/T3190;
smelting, namely smelting the prepared materials at a high temperature of 750 ℃ to obtain a melt with uniform distribution;
C, casting, namely refining the melt, and casting into an ingot, wherein the casting temperature is 690 ℃, the width of the ingot is equal to 2150mm, the cross section of the ingot is a horizontally symmetrical flat hexagon, the upper surface and the lower surface in the width direction are large surfaces, the four surfaces of the two sides are small surfaces, and the included angle between the two small surfaces of the sides is 140 o;
D, sawing, namely sawing the head and the tail of the ingot by a sawing machine, wherein the length of the ingot after sawing is 3200mm;
E hot rolling, namely hot continuous rolling, namely transverse rolling firstly, namely transverse rolling, namely ingot width=2600 mm, of the ingot, and then longitudinal rolling the ingot to 15mm;
and F, transverse cutting, namely, feeding the hot rolled aluminum coil to a transverse cutting machine and slicing the aluminum coil to a finished product specification.
The finished product is cuboid, the width of the finished product is 2500mm, the thickness of the finished product is 15mm, the width of the hot-rolled roll surface is 3300mm, and no crack occurs.
The production method for eliminating the cracks of the ingot of the 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate reduces the width of the forged ingot by 300-400 mm compared with the width of a finished product during forging, and reduces the width of the ingot by 400-550 mm compared with the width of the ingot in a normal production process, so that the width-thickness ratio of the ingot can be greatly reduced, the temperature gradient and the cooling speed difference of the side surface and the center part of the large surface of the ingot along the axial direction of the ingot during ingot casting can be greatly reduced, and the crack tendency of the ingot can be greatly reduced; meanwhile, the hexagonal section ingot with the facet included angle of 140 o is adopted, so that the included angle between the ingot faces is increased, the temperature gradient and the cooling speed at the included angle can be reduced, and further cracks at the included angle are avoided; transverse rolling increases the ingot width during sawing to obtain sufficient width to produce finished products without cracking occurring.
Claims (5)
1. The production method for eliminating the cracks of the 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate ingot comprises the steps of proportioning, smelting, casting, sawing, hot rolling and transverse cutting in sequence, and is characterized in that: the smelting temperature is 710-770 ℃; the casting temperature is 670-710 ℃, the width of the cast ingot = the width- (300-400) mm of the finished plate, the cross section of the cast ingot is a flat hexagon which is symmetrical left and right, the upper surface and the lower surface of the cast ingot in the width direction are large surfaces, the four surfaces of the two side edges are small surfaces, and the included angle between the two small surfaces of the side edges is 120 o～140 o; the length of the ingot after sawing is less than the width of the roll surface of the hot rolling mill; firstly, transversely rolling, namely, transversely rolling the ingot with the width=the width plus (50-200) mm of the finished plate product, and longitudinally rolling the ingot to the thickness of the finished plate product;
Wherein the 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate refers to a 4XXX aluminum alloy hot rolled plate with a finished product width of 2800mm or 2000mm or 2500 mm.
2. The method for producing a 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled sheet ingot having cracks eliminated therefrom, as recited in claim 1, wherein: the smelting temperature is 730-750 ℃.
3. The method for producing a 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled sheet ingot having cracks eliminated therefrom, as recited in claim 2, wherein: the casting temperature is 670-690 ℃.
4. A method of producing a 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled sheet ingot having cracking removed therefrom, as set forth in claim 3, wherein: length after ingot sawing = hot mill roll face width-100 mm.
5. The method for producing a 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled sheet ingot having no cracking thereon, as set forth in claim 4, wherein: ingot width after transverse rolling = plate finished product width +100mm.
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