CN113857627A

CN113857627A - Welding method for fillet welding of medium-thickness steel plate at top

Info

Publication number: CN113857627A
Application number: CN202010622972.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 昌林叶; 邓其明; 龚海涛
Original assignee: China First Metallurgical Group Co Ltd; Wuhan Yiye Steel Structure Co Ltd
Current assignee: China First Metallurgical Group Co Ltd; Wuhan Yiye Steel Structure Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-30
Filing date: 2020-06-30
Publication date: 2021-12-31

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding method for fillet welding of a medium-thickness steel plate at the top, which is characterized in that trolleys are arranged on two sides of a vertical plate simultaneously for welding and layered welding, so that a bottoming layer is an integral body, two welding guns on the same side are used for welding in a filling layer, and split welding is carried out in a filling layer on the third layer, so that welding materials are saved, the welding speed is improved, the welding quality is higher, and the operation is simple, convenient and easy to master.

Description

Welding method for fillet welding of medium-thickness steel plate at top

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a welding method for fillet welding of a medium steel plate at the top.

Background

The overhead welding is the welding in which the welding position is horizontally below in the welding process. Overhead welding is the most difficult one of the four basic welding positions. Because the molten pool is positioned below the weldment, the gravity of the molten drop metal of the welding wire can prevent the molten drop from being excessive, the molten pool metal also falls under the action of the self gravity, the larger the volume of the molten pool is, the higher the temperature is, the smaller the surface tension of the molten pool is, so that the back of the welding seam is easy to generate depression during overhead welding, the welding beading appears on the welding seam on the front, and the welding seam is difficult to form.

Traditional overhead welding, overhead welding technical requirement is high, and the operation degree of difficulty is big, and production efficiency is low, and this technical field talent is scarce. The operator needs to keep a correct operation posture continuously, due to the gravity of the welding gun and the cable and the like, the phenomenon that the gun is not stable easily occurs due to large physical consumption of the operator, the welding quality is affected, and in this case, industrial accidents are easy to happen. And the existing production process lacks a corresponding high-efficiency and easy-to-operate fillet welding process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a welding method for fillet welding of a medium-thickness steel plate on top, which solves the technical problems of high operation difficulty, low welding quality and low production efficiency of fillet welding on top in the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a welding method of the overhead fillet welding of a medium steel plate is used for welding a transverse plate and a vertical plate which are vertical to each other, and comprises the following steps:

s1, groove preparation: grooves are arranged on two sides of the top of the vertical plate, and root retaining quantity and lower negative quantity are reserved; then spot welding the vertical plate to the lower part of the transverse plate;

s2, setting a backing weld: welding trolleys are arranged on two sides of the vertical plate at the same time, and welding guns are arranged on the welding trolleys for welding at the same time to form backing weld joints;

s3, setting of filling welding seams: the method comprises the following steps that two welding guns are arranged on a welding trolley on two sides of a vertical plate at the same time for welding, and point to the upper edge and the lower edge of a backing weld respectively to form a first filling weld and a second filling weld;

s4, setting a lane filling weld: adjusting the orientation of the welding guns to enable the first welding gun to be oriented to the lower part of the second filling welding seam, enabling the second welding gun to be oriented to the middle part of the second filling welding seam to form a first welding bead of a third layer of filling welding seam, then adjusting the orientation of the welding guns again to enable the first welding gun to be oriented to the middle part of the second filling welding seam, and enabling the second welding gun to be oriented to the top part of the second filling welding seam to form a second welding bead of the third layer of filling welding seam;

s5, setting a cover surface welding seam: and adjusting the orientation of the welding guns to enable the first welding gun to point to the lower part of the first welding bead of the third layer of filling welding seams, and the second welding gun to point to the top of the second welding bead of the third layer of filling welding seams to form a cover welding bead.

According to the welding method for the fillet welding of the middle-thickness steel plate on the upper corner, a plurality of reserved points which are not provided with grooves and are not provided with lower negative quantities are arranged in the top gap of the vertical plate.

According to the welding method for the fillet welding of the medium steel plate on the top, the root remaining amount in the step s1 is 1-2mm, and the negative amount is 6-8 mm.

According to the welding method for the overhead fillet welding of the medium steel plate, the included angle between the welding gun in the step s2 and the welding direction is 70-80 degrees.

According to the welding method for the fillet welding of the middle-thickness steel plate, in the step s2, the welding trolleys on the two sides of the vertical plate are welded at the same speed at the same time.

According to the welding method for the fillet welding of the middle-thickness steel plate at the upper part, the groove in the step s1 is machined by a flame cutting machine or a machine, and the groove is polished.

According to the welding method for the fillet welding of the middle-thickness steel plate on the back, in the step s5, in the process of setting the cover surface welding seam, the edge of the groove is melted by 2-3 mm.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention designs a welding method for fillet welding of a medium-thickness steel plate on the top, wherein the welding method that welding seams are simultaneously welded on two sides is adopted during backing welding, and welding wires on the two sides are melted in the same molten pool, so that the backing welding seams are not required to be gouged, the problem of auxiliary material consumption is solved, the working efficiency is effectively improved, the welding method that two welding guns on the same side are used for welding on the same side during filling welding is adopted, the melting efficiency is high, the welding seams are formed well, the welding speed is effectively improved, the method is simple and easy to master, and an operator only needs to adjust the current and the welding trolley speed according to the condition of the molten pool in the welding process, so that the operator can master the welding method skillfully.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:

FIG. 1 is a front view of a groove arrangement of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of a groove arrangement of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a welding carriage arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a welding carriage arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a weld gun position for filling a weld according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a torch position diagram for a first pass of a third layer filler weld of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a torch position diagram for a second pass of a third layer filler weld in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the completion of welding according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

A welding method of the overhead fillet welding of a medium steel plate is used for welding a transverse plate 1 and a vertical plate 2 which are vertical to each other, and comprises the following steps:

s1, groove preparation: grooves are arranged on two sides of the top of the vertical plate 2, and root retaining quantity and lower negative quantity are reserved; the riser 2 is then spot welded to the cross plate 1 below as shown in fig. 1-2.

S2, setting a backing weld: welding trolleys 3 are arranged on two sides of a vertical plate 2 at the same time, and welding guns 4 are arranged on the welding trolleys 3 for simultaneous welding to form backing weld joints 51; as shown in fig. 3-4.

S3, setting of filling welding seams: arranging a first welding gun 41 and a second welding gun 42 on the welding trolleys 3 on two sides of the vertical plate 2 at the same time, and welding at the same time, wherein the first welding gun 41 and the second welding gun 42 respectively point to the upper edge and the lower edge of the backing weld 51 to form a first filling weld 52 and a second filling weld 53; as shown in fig. 5.

S4, setting a lane filling weld: adjusting the welding gun orientation to enable the first welding gun 41 to be oriented to the lower part of the second filling welding seam 53, enabling the second welding gun 42 to be oriented to the middle part of the second filling welding seam 53 to form a third layer of filling welding seam first welding bead 54, then adjusting the welding gun orientation again to enable the first welding gun 41 to be oriented to the middle part of the second filling welding seam 53, enabling the second welding gun 42 to be oriented to the top part of the second filling welding seam 53 to form a third layer of filling welding seam second welding bead 55; as shown in fig. 6-7.

S5, setting a cover surface welding seam: the torch orientation is adjusted so that the first torch 41 is directed to the lower portion of the first pass 54 of the third layer of filler welds and the second torch 42 is directed to the top of the second pass 55 of the third layer of filler welds to form the cap bead 56, as shown in fig. 8.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a plurality of reserved points 21 without grooves and negative amounts are arranged on the top of the vertical plates 2 in a clearance mode.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the root retention amount in the step s1 is 1-2mm, and the lower negative amount is 6-8 mm.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle between the welding gun 4 and the welding direction in the step s2 is 70-80 degrees.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the welding carriages 3 on both sides of the riser 2 are welded simultaneously at the same speed in the step s 2.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the groove in the step s1 is processed by a flame cutter or a machine, and the groove is ground.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step s5, in the process of setting the cap weld, the edge of the groove is melted by 2-3 mm.

Usually, a carbon dioxide gas shield welding gun is adopted as a welding gun, during backing welding, the included angle between the welding gun and the welding direction is 70-80 degrees, a welding wire points to the root of a groove, the welding current is 160A-180 degrees, and the current adjustment on the two sides is consistent. The speed of the welding trolley 3 is properly adjusted to ensure that molten drops in the molten pool do not overflow, the molten pool is kept to be elliptical and the fusion of welding seams is ensured. The two welding trolleys 4 are welded at the same speed at the same time, so that welding wires on two sides can be effectively ensured to be in the same molten pool, and the bottoming quality is ensured.

During filling welding, welding slag of the previous welding is carefully cleaned, two welding guns are fixed on a clamping arm of a welding trolley 3 at the same side of a welding seam for welding, the included angle between each welding gun and the welding direction is 70-80 degrees, the welding guns are respectively directed to the edges of two sides of a backing weld and ensure the same included angle, the speed 3 of the welding trolley is properly adjusted according to welding meat during welding, molten drops in a molten pool are ensured not to overflow, the molten pool is kept to be oval, and the welding bead is smooth. The first layer and the second layer of welding torch are filled and welded without dividing channels, the current is between 180 and 200A, when the divided filling welding seams are arranged, the distance between the two welding torches is 6-8mm, and the current is between 200 and 250A. Sequentially welding, when welding the last filling layer welding bead, ensuring the edge of the groove to be complete, preferably ensuring the height of the groove to be 2-3mm away from the surface of a weldment,

when the cover surface is welded, the cover surface welding operation method is basically the same as the filling welding, the welding current is between 180 and 200A, the speed of the welding trolley is properly increased, the edge melting of the groove is 2-3mm, the undercut is prevented, and the good appearance forming is ensured.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A welding method for fillet welding of a medium steel plate at the top is used for welding a transverse plate (1) and a vertical plate (2) which are perpendicular to each other, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, groove preparation: grooves are arranged on two sides of the top of the vertical plate (2) and reserved root retaining quantity and lower negative quantity; then spot welding the vertical plate (2) to the lower part of the transverse plate (1);

s2, setting a backing weld: welding trolleys (3) are arranged on two sides of the vertical plate (2) at the same time, and welding guns (4) are arranged on the welding trolleys (3) for welding at the same time to form a backing weld (51);

s3, setting of filling welding seams: arranging a first welding gun (41) and a second welding gun (42) on the welding trolleys (3) on two sides of the vertical plate (2) at the same time, and welding at the same time, wherein the first welding gun (41) and the second welding gun (42) respectively point to the upper edge and the lower edge of the backing weld (51) to form a first filling weld (52) and a second filling weld (53);

s4, setting a lane filling weld: adjusting the welding gun orientation to enable the first welding gun (41) to point to the lower part of the second filling welding seam (53), enable the second welding gun (42) to point to the middle part of the second filling welding seam (53) to form a first welding bead (54) of a third layer filling welding seam, then adjusting the welding gun orientation again to enable the first welding gun (41) to point to the middle part of the second filling welding seam (53), enable the second welding gun (42) to point to the top part of the second filling welding seam (53) to form a second welding bead (55) of the third layer filling welding seam;

s5, setting a cover surface welding seam: and adjusting the welding gun orientation to enable the first welding gun (41) to be oriented to the lower part of the first welding bead (54) of the third layer of the filling welding seam, and the second welding gun (42) to be oriented to the top part of the second welding bead (55) of the third layer of the filling welding seam to form a capping welding bead (56).

2. The method for welding the overhead fillet of the medium plate according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of reserved points (21) which are not chamfered and are not provided with a negative amount are arranged at the top clearance of the vertical plate (2).

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the root remaining amount in the step s1 is 1-2mm, and the negative amount is 6-8 mm.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the angle between the welding torch (4) and the welding direction in step s2 is 70-80 degrees.

5. The method for fillet welding of the upward angle of the medium steel plate according to claim 4, wherein the welding carriages (3) on both sides of the riser (2) are simultaneously welded at the same speed in the step s 2.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the groove in the step s1 is processed by a torch cutting machine or a machine, and ground.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step s5, during the setting of the cap weld, the edge of the bevel is melted by 2-3 mm.