CN113848256B - Ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113848256B CN113848256B CN202110816904.1A CN202110816904A CN113848256B CN 113848256 B CN113848256 B CN 113848256B CN 202110816904 A CN202110816904 A CN 202110816904A CN 113848256 B CN113848256 B CN 113848256B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- time
- unit
- peak value
- maximum value
- detection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 101100325756 Arabidopsis thaliana BAM5 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 25
- 101150046378 RAM1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 25
- 101100476489 Rattus norvegicus Slc20a2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 25
- 102100031584 Cell division cycle-associated 7-like protein Human genes 0.000 claims description 24
- 101000777638 Homo sapiens Cell division cycle-associated 7-like protein Proteins 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4463—Signal correction, e.g. distance amplitude correction [DAC], distance gain size [DGS], noise filtering
Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrasonic first-arrival wave real-time detection method, and belongs to the technical field of nondestructive detection. The system comprises an integral time sequence control unit constructed by hardware description language HDL, an ADC (analog to digital converter) echo signal acquisition unit, a ping-pong operation unit, a window peak value detection unit, a first arrival peak value and moment discrimination unit, a first arrival peak value and moment output unit and a time domain sampling discrimination condition; the whole time sequence control unit generates an ADC acquisition enabling signal, a wave train detection enabling signal, a maximum value detection enabling signal and a stored maximum value enabling signal time sequence to control the units to work normally, so that a full work flow of finally outputting an ultrasonic first arrival peak value and a corresponding time mu s level is realized from echo signal acquisition, storage and real-time detection; the calculated amount is small, the space occupancy rate is low, the ultrasonic detection working efficiency and the measurement accuracy are improved, and the application range is wide; the method solves the problems of weak real-time detection of ultrasonic echo signals, large calculated amount and high space occupation rate of the existing detection method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ultrasonic first-arrival wave real-time detection method, and belongs to the technical field of nondestructive detection.
Background
The flaw detection of the interior of the oil well is extremely important, and the nondestructive flaw detection of the defects of components in the oil well by utilizing ultrasonic waves is common nowadays; the voltage comparison method for the existing ultrasonic echo signal processing is low in accuracy, easy to be interfered by noise and low in measurement accuracy; the method for analyzing the time frequency based on the combined denoising algorithm of the FIR filter and the wavelet threshold method, the wavelet transformation, the short-time Fourier transformation, the Wigner-Willet distribution and the Hilbert yellow transformation has the advantages of large calculated amount and poor real-time performance although the ultrasonic echo signals can be denoised and good echo signals are obtained. In summary, the above-mentioned several existing ultrasonic detection methods have the main problems: the real-time detection of the ultrasonic echo signals is not strong, the calculated amount is large, the space occupancy rate is high, and the real-time, accurate and quick requirements of oil well flaw detection are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides the ultrasonic first-arrival wave real-time detection method which can realize real-time detection of the peak value and the corresponding moment of the peak value of the ultrasonic first-arrival wave, effectively reduce the calculated amount, has low space occupation rate, improves the ultrasonic detection working efficiency and measurement accuracy and has wide application range.
The invention realizes the aim through the following technical scheme:
the real-time detection method of the ultrasonic first arrival wave is characterized by comprising an integral time sequence control unit constructed by hardware description language HDL, an ADC (analog to digital converter) echo signal acquisition unit, a ping-pong operation unit, a window peak value detection unit, a first arrival peak value and moment discrimination unit, a first arrival peak value and moment output unit and a time domain sampling discrimination condition framework; the whole time sequence control unit generates four enabling signals, namely: the ADC acquires an enabling signal and controls the ADC to acquire an echo signal unit to work normally; a wave train detection enabling signal, and simultaneously controlling the ping-pong operation unit and the window peak value detection unit to work normally; a maximum value detection enabling signal controls the first arrival peak value and moment judging unit to work normally; storing a maximum value enabling signal, and controlling the first arrival peak value and the moment output unit to work normally; the four enabling signals are high-level and effective, and the full workflow of finally outputting the first arrival peak value of the ultrasound and corresponding time is realized through the acquisition, storage and real-time detection of echo signals by the control of the integral time sequence control unit; the time domain sampling discrimination conditions are as follows: (sampling Point number-error adjustment parameter) +.T i -T i－1 + (sampling point number + error adjustment parameter) and (sampling point number-error adjustment parameter) +. i+1 -T i Less than or equal to (number of samples+error adjustment parameter); wherein T is time, in μs; i is a positive integer of ≡ 1.
The method for detecting the ultrasonic first arrival wave in real time is characterized in that when an ADC acquisition enabling signal is effective, an ADC acquisition echo signal unit is controlled to acquire echo data and store the echo data into a cache area RAM 0.
The method is characterized in that when an ADC (analog to digital converter) acquires echo data for a preset time, and a wave train detection enabling signal is high-level and effective, a ping-pong operation unit is started to work, an ADC with the length of N stored in a cache area RAM0 of the ADC acquires data streams in real time, data with the length of N in a window are read into a cache area RAM1 or a cache area RAM2 of the ping-pong operation unit in sequence at equal time, and the ping-pong operation unit reads data of the RAM2 to a window peak detection unit while the data streams are stored in the RAM1 or reads data of the RAM1 to the window peak detection unit while the data streams are stored in the RAM 2; the window peak value detection unit judges and compares the data with the window length of n according to the wave train detection enabling signal time sequence, identifies the maximum value, if the maximum value is just in the middle position with the window length of n, registers the maximum value and the address thereof in sequence, alternately executes the operation until the data in the ping-pong operation units RAM1 and RAM2 are judged and identified completely, registers the maximum value and the address meeting the conditions in the buffer area RAM3, then sends the data in the RAM3 into the first arrival peak value and time judging unit, judges and compares the time corresponding to the maximum value in the buffer area RAM3 in the range of the ADC sampling rate by the first arrival peak value and time judging unit, and if the time domain sampling judging condition is met, registers the maximum value meeting the corresponding time of the time domain sampling judging condition in the buffer area RAM3, and sequentially compares the maximum value to obtain the final maximum value, namely the peak value of the ultrasonic first arrival wave.
The method is characterized in that the integral time sequence control unit mainly comprises a clock frequency division module and an enabling signal generation module, and generates an ADC acquisition clock, an ADC acquisition enabling signal, a wave train detection enabling signal, a maximum value detection enabling signal and a maximum value storage enabling signal.
The ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method is characterized in that the ADC signal acquisition unit, the ping-pong operation unit and the window peak value detection unit are respectively provided with a data storage module.
The real-time detection method of the ultrasonic first-arrival wave is characterized in that the input data flow and the output data flow of the ping-pong operation unit are continuous and have no pause, and the seamless buffering of the data is finished in real time, so that the real-time detection of the ultrasonic first-arrival wave is realized.
The ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method is characterized in that a first arrival wave peak value and moment discrimination unit and a first arrival wave peak value and moment output unit are respectively provided with a peak value real-time detection module.
The method is characterized in that when a maximum value detection enabling signal is effective, a first arrival peak value and moment judging unit judges the maximum value and the position of the maximum value in a window peak value detection unit cache area RAM3, whether the maximum value and the corresponding moment in a cache area RAM3 collection queue are peak-peak values of periodic signals or not is identified, sampling points corresponding to the maximum peak-peak value are sequentially different by one sampling point number of the periodic signals, if a time domain sampling judging condition is met, the maximum value of the corresponding moment is registered in the cache area RAM3, the maximum value of the corresponding moment is sequentially compared to obtain a final maximum value, the final maximum value is output to a first arrival peak value and moment output unit, and when the maximum value enabling signal is saved to be effective, the final maximum value and the corresponding address are output by the first arrival peak value and moment output unit, namely the peak-peak value and the moment of the ultrasonic first arrival wave.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the ultrasonic first-arrival real-time detection method, the ping-pong operation unit is used for collecting echo data output by the echo signal unit and reading the echo data while storing, and meanwhile, the output end of the ping-pong operation unit is used for outputting data flow to the window peak value detection unit without stopping, so that seamless buffering of the data is completed; the organic overall architecture of the integral time sequence control unit, the ADC echo signal collecting unit, the window peak value detection unit, the first arrival peak value and moment discrimination unit and the first arrival peak value and moment output unit is constructed by hardware description language HDL, compared with the traditional detection method, the detection method of the invention has the advantages that the time interval from the identification result output of the first arrival peak value and moment output unit to the end of the collection of the ADC echo signal collecting unit reachesThe level is extremely high in real-time performance, the calculated amount is effectively reduced, the space occupancy rate is low, and the ultrasonic detection working efficiency and the ultrasonic detection efficiency are improvedThe measurement precision is realized, and nondestructive testing, ultrasonic ranging and ultrasonic imaging are realized in the oil well; the method for detecting the ultrasonic first arrival wave in real time has wide applicability to the simulated ultrasonic echo signals, the ultrasonic echo signals with noise interference and the actually measured ultrasonic echo signals, and can truly and accurately detect the peak and peak values and corresponding moments of the ultrasonic first arrival wave. The problems of weak real-time detection of ultrasonic echo signals, large calculated amount and high space occupation rate in the prior art are perfectly solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the general structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the enable control signals according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the detection workflow of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall timing control principle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the detection result of the present invention.
In the figure: the adc_flag is: the ADC acquires an enable signal, and the detect_flag is: wave train detection enable signal, max_flag is: maximum value detection enable signal, save_flag is: saving the maximum enable signal, clk is: the system clock, add_clk, is: ADC acquires a clock, rst_n is: the system reset signal, fre_select, is: ADC samples the frequency select signal, data_in is: inputting echo data with certain noise; max_value [ M:0] is: outputting the maximum value of M bits; time_value [ L:0] is: the address corresponding to the maximum value of the L bit output is K: number of address bits of data in RAM.
Detailed Description
The design idea of the applicant of the present invention is: ultrasonic detection methods are commonly used in oil wells, and it is important to efficiently, real-time and accurately detect specific locations of defects in oil wells. The existing ultrasonic detection method has the voltage comparison method for the ultrasonic echo signal processing method, and has the defects of low accuracy, easiness in noise interference and low measurement precision; the method is characterized by also comprising a combined denoising method, wavelet transformation, short-time Fourier transformation, wigner-Willet distribution and Hilbert yellow transformation based on an FIR filter and a wavelet threshold method, and the method can be used for denoising the ultrasonic echo signals to obtain good echo signals, but has the advantages of large calculated amount, high space occupation rate, weak instantaneity and difficulty in meeting the high standard requirements of real-time, accurate and quick internal flaw detection of an oil well. The applicant of the invention utilizes the characteristic that the time sequence behavior of a hardware system at different times can be described by utilizing a hardware description language HDL (Hardware Description Language), adopts a hardware description language HDL design to build an integral time sequence control unit, an ADC (analog to digital converter) echo signal collecting unit, a ping-pong operation unit, a window peak value detecting unit, a first arrival peak value and moment discriminating unit, a first arrival peak value and moment outputting unit and a time domain sampling discriminating condition, and provides an ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detecting method.
Embodiments of the method for detecting ultrasonic first arrival waves in real time are described in further detail below (see fig. 1 to 5) with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention mainly comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method comprises an integral time sequence control unit, an ADC (analog to digital converter) echo signal acquisition unit, a ping-pong operation unit, a window peak value detection unit, a first arrival peak value and moment discrimination unit and a first arrival peak value and moment output unit.
Further, the overall timing control unit generates four enabling signals acting on the normal operation of the units through a system clock clk and a register, and the enabling signals are respectively: an ADC acquisition enabling signal adc_flag is used for controlling the normal operation of an ADC acquisition echo signal unit; a wave train detection enabling signal detect_flag, and controlling normal operation of the ping-pong operation unit and the window peak value detection unit; a maximum value detection enabling signal max_flag is used for controlling normal operation of the first arrival peak value and moment judging unit; storing a maximum value enabling signal save_flag, and controlling the normal operation of a final first arrival peak value and moment output unit; the four enabling signals are all high-level and effective, and the full working process of the mu s level of the final output first arrival peak value and time is realized through acquisition, storage and real-time detection of echo signals under the action of the integral time sequence control unit.
Further, the processing procedure of the ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that an ADC stored in a buffer area RAM0 of an ADC acquisition echo signal unit and with the length of N is used for acquiring data streams in real time, data with the window length of N are sequentially read into a buffer area RAM1 or a buffer area RAM2 of a ping-pong operation unit at equal time, namely, after the buffer area RAM1 is fully stored, the data are stored into the buffer area RAM2, or after the buffer area RAM2 is fully stored, the data are stored and read out at the same time, the data of the RAM2 are read out to a window peak value detection unit while the data streams are stored into the RAM1, or the data of the RAM1 are read out to the window peak value detection unit while the data streams are stored into the RAM 2; the window peak value detection unit judges and compares the data with the window length of n, identifies the maximum value, registers the maximum value and the address thereof in sequence alternately if the maximum value is just in the middle position with the length of n, registers the maximum value and the address meeting the conditions in the cache area RAM3 until all the data in the cache areas RAM1 and RAM2 are judged and identified, and then sends the data in the RAM3 to the first arrival peak value and moment judgment unit; the first arrival peak value and moment judging unit judges the moment corresponding to the maximum value in the comparison buffer area RAM3 in the range of the ADC sampling rate, the corresponding sampling points are sequentially different by one sampling point number of the periodic signal, and if the time domain sampling judging condition is satisfied: (sampling Point number-error adjustment parameter) +.T i -T i－1 + (sampling point number + error adjustment parameter) and (sampling point number-error adjustment parameter) +. i+1 -T i Less than or equal to (number of samples+error adjustment parameter); wherein T is time in μs; i is a positive integer of ∈ 1; the first arrival peak value and moment judging unit registers the maximum value at the corresponding moment into the buffer area RAM3 and sequentially compares the maximum value with the maximum value to obtain a final maximum value, wherein the final maximum value is the peak value of the ultrasonic first arrival wave.
Further, the two ends of the ping-pong operation unit are: the input data stream and the output data stream of the input end and the output end are continuous without any pause; therefore, seamless buffer processing of data can be completed in real time, and real-time detection of ultrasonic first arrival waves is realized.
Further, an integral time sequence control unit, an ADC (analog to digital converter) echo signal collecting unit, a ping-pong operation unit, a window peak value detection unit, a first arrival peak value and moment discrimination unit and an organic integral framework of a first arrival peak value and moment output unit are constructed by hardware description language HDL, and the detection of the ultrasonic first arrival peak value and the corresponding moment is realized in real time through a top-down modularized design.
Further, the integral time sequence control unit generates the four enabling signals through the control of the system clock clk and the register, completes integral time sequence control of an ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection algorithm, and ensures normal work of the ADC acquisition echo signal unit, the ping-pong operation unit, the window peak value detection unit, the first arrival peak value and moment discrimination unit and the first arrival peak value and moment output unit.
Further, when the ADC acquisition enable signal adc_flag is valid, the ADC acquisition echo signal unit is controlled to store the acquired echo signal data into the buffer RAM 0.
Further, after the data collected by the ADC echo signal collecting unit reaches the preset time, starting the ping-pong operation unit to work, and when the wave train detection enabling signal detect_flag is valid, collecting the data stream in real time by the ADC stored in the cache area RAM0, and reading the data with the window length of n into the ping-pong cache area RAM1 or RAM2 at equal time; reading out data of the RAM2 to a window peak value detection unit while the data stream is stored in the RAM1, or reading out data of the RAM1 to a window peak value detection unit while the data stream is stored in the RAM2, and the window peak value detection unit obtains the maximum value of the window length n of a data storage module of the ping-pong operation unit according to the wave train detection enabling signal detect_flag time sequence.
Further, it is judged by the window peak value detection unit whether the maximum value in the data storage module of the ping-pong operation unit is at the middle position of the window length n, and the maximum value satisfying the condition and the address corresponding thereto are registered together in the buffer area RAM3 of the window peak value detection unit.
Further, when the maximum value detection enabling signal max_flag is valid, the maximum value and the position thereof in the buffer area RAM3 of the window peak value detection unit are judged by the first arrival peak value and time discrimination unit, whether the maximum value and the corresponding time in the buffer area RAM3 collection queue are peak-peak values of the periodic signal or not is recognized, sampling points corresponding to the maximum peak-peak value are sequentially different by one sampling point number of the periodic signal, and if the time domain sampling discrimination condition is met, the maximum value of the corresponding time is registered in the buffer area RAM 3.
Further, the maximum value meeting the time domain sampling discrimination condition is sequentially compared by the first arrival peak value and time discrimination unit, and a final maximum value is obtained and output to the first arrival peak value and time output unit, and when the maximum value enabling signal save_flag is valid, the final maximum value and the corresponding address are output by the first arrival peak value and time output unit, namely the peak value and the time of the ultrasonic first arrival wave.
(refer to fig. 1), fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an ultrasonic first-arrival wave real-time detection method according to the present invention, firstly, when an ADC acquisition enable signal adc_flag is valid, an ADC acquisition echo signal unit stores acquired echo signal data into a buffer area RAM 0; when the wave train detection enabling signal detect_flag is valid, the ADC acquisition echo signal unit reads the ADC real-time acquisition data cached in the RAM0 into n pieces of data with the window length according to time sequence, sends the n pieces of data to one of the RAM1 or the RAM2 of the cache area of the ping-pong operation unit, and simultaneously judges and identifies the maximum value of the data of the two RAMs 1 or the RAM2 of the cache area through the window peak value detection unit, and alternately executes the data; the ping-pong operation unit performs simultaneous memory and read, the input data stream and the output data stream at the two ends of the ping-pong operation unit are continuous and send data into the window peak value detection unit in real time, and the window peak value detection unit registers all values meeting the maximum value in the RAM1 and the RAM2 of the ping-pong operation unit and at the middle position of the window length nInto RAM 3; through the first arrival peak value and moment judging unit, judgment and identification are carried out when the maximum value detection enabling signal max_flag is effective, the sampling points corresponding to the sampling points are sequentially different by one sampling point number of a periodic signal in the range of the ADC sampling rate, all values in the RAM3 are compared and judged, and if the time domain sampling judging condition is met: (sampling Point number-error adjustment parameter) +.T i -T i－1 + (sampling point number + error adjustment parameter) and (sampling point number-error adjustment parameter) +. i+1 -T i Less than or equal to (number of samples+error adjustment parameter); wherein T is time in μs; i is a positive integer of ∈ 1; and sending the final maximum value meeting the conditions to a first arrival peak value and moment output unit, and outputting the peak value and moment of the ultrasonic first arrival wave when the stored maximum value enabling signal save_flag is valid.
(refer to fig. 2), fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an enabling control signal of an ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method according to the present invention; the whole time sequence control unit completes the whole time sequence control through a system clock clk and a register, and respectively generates an ADC acquisition enabling signal adc_flag, a wave train detection enabling signal detect_flag, a maximum value detection enabling signal max_flag and a maximum value storage enabling signal save_flag. When the ADC acquisition enabling signal adc_flag is valid at a high level, the ADC acquisition echo signal unit starts to acquire data, after the acquisition data reaches a preset time, when the wave train detection enabling signal detect_flag is valid at the high level, the ping-pong operation unit and the window peak detection unit are started to judge the data in the buffer areas RAM1 and RAM2, when the maximum value detection enabling signal max_flag is valid at the high level, the first arrival peak value and the moment are judged through the first arrival peak value and moment judgment unit, the maximum value meeting the time domain sampling condition is registered in the buffer area RAM3, and when the maximum value storage enabling signal save_flag is detected to be valid at the high level, the first arrival peak value and the corresponding moment are output through the first arrival peak value and moment output unit.
(see fig. 3) fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a detection workflow of an ultrasonic first arrival wave detection method according to the present invention, mainly comprising the steps of sequentially reading in n pieces of data with a window length into a buffer area RAM1 of a ping-pong operation unit according to a time sequence, and simultaneously, performing maximum value judgment and identification on data of a buffer area RAM2, and alternately executing.
In order to explain the detection principle of the ultrasonic first arrival wave detection method in detail, a broken line box a is taken as an example for explaining the window length n=10 in fig. 3; the length of the buffer area RAM0 is N, 10 data corresponding to addresses 2-11 in the buffer area RAM0 are read into the buffer area RAM1 or the buffer area RAM2 according to the time sequence requirement, then whether the maximum value in the 10 data is in the middle of a dotted line frame, namely the address 6, is judged, if the condition is met, the numerical value 14893 corresponding to the address 6 is registered, otherwise, the numerical value is not registered. Sequentially circulating until all values meeting the conditions are registered in the buffer area RAM3, sequentially judging and comparing the values in the buffer area RAM3 within the range of the ADC sampling rate, and finally obtaining 16383 which is the peak value of the ultrasonic first-arrival wave, wherein the corresponding time is 12; the whole detection flow is completed.
Similarly, taking the window length n=11 as an example for explanation, the length of the buffer area RAM0 is N, according to the time sequence requirement, the data corresponding to 11 addresses 3-13 in the buffer area RAM0 is read into the buffer area RAM1 or the buffer area RAM2, then it is judged whether the maximum value of 11 data corresponding to 11 addresses 3-13 is at the middle position of the dashed line frame b (see fig. 3), namely, at the address 8, the condition is met, the numerical value 14397 at the corresponding address 8 is registered, otherwise, the numerical value 14397 is not registered. And sequentially circulating until all the values meeting the conditions are registered in the buffer area RAM3, sequentially judging and comparing the values in the buffer area RAM3 through a first arrival peak value and moment judging unit, and obtaining the final maximum value which is the peak value and the corresponding moment of the ultrasonic first arrival wave. Only one set of data has been chosen for illustration, as has the overall detection method principle of the present invention. The time interval from the identification result output of the first arrival peak-peak value and moment output unit to the whole cycle process of the end of the acquisition of the ADC echo signal acquisition unit reachesA stage.
(see fig. 4), fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall timing control principle of the present invention, and the present invention is a modular design from top to bottom by using a hardware description language HDL, and includes four parts, namely a clock frequency division module, an enable signal generation module, a data storage module, and a peak real-time detection module. The integral time sequence control unit comprises a clock frequency division module and an enabling signal generation module, the ADC signal acquisition unit, the ping-pong operation unit and the window peak detection unit are respectively provided with a data storage module, and the first arrival peak value and moment discrimination unit and the first arrival peak value and moment output unit are respectively provided with a peak real-time detection module.
The clock frequency division module is used for mainly dividing the system clock to generate an ADC acquisition clock adc_clk required by the ADC acquisition signal unit; the main functions of the enabling signal generating module are to generate an ADC acquisition enabling signal adc_flag, a wave train detection enabling signal detect_flag, a maximum value detection enabling signal max_flag and a saving maximum value enabling signal save_flag; the method is used for controlling the normal operation of each unit of the ultrasonic first arrival wave detection method; the data storage module is mainly used for storing real-time data of the ADC acquisition signal unit; the peak value real-time detection module is mainly used for processing all data in the data storage module according to the ping-pong operation of the ping-pong operation unit under the control of the system time sequence of the integral time sequence control unit, and finally obtaining the final maximum value and the address thereof after the window peak value detection unit is used for carrying out peak value detection and the first arrival peak value and time discrimination unit is used for judging and identifying the first arrival peak value, namely the peak value and the time of the ultrasonic first arrival wave.
The integral time sequence control unit mainly comprises a clock frequency division module and an enabling signal generation module, and generates an ADC acquisition clock (adc_clk) and an ADC acquisition enabling signal (adc_flag), wherein the working voltage is 3.3V; a wave train detection enabling signal (detect_flag), wherein the working voltage is 3.3V; maximum value detection enable signal (max_flag), operating voltage of 3.3V and save maximum value enable signal (save_flag), operating voltage of 3.3V.
In fig. 4, the input signals are respectively: clk represents a system clock; rst_n represents a system reset signal, active low; fre_select represents an ADC sampling frequency selection signal, low level 0 represents sampling frequency 1, high level 1 represents sampling frequency 2, and the relationship between sampling frequency 1 and sampling frequency 2 is: sampling frequency 2=2×sampling frequency 1; data_in [ M:0] represents data of input M bits.
The output signals are respectively: adc_clk represents the clock signal of the ADC collecting data; max_value [ M:0] represents the maximum value of the output M bits; time_value [ L:0] represents the address corresponding to the maximum value of L bit output; k represents the number of address bits of the data in RAM. Wherein M, L, K can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
The invention discloses an ultrasonic first arrival wave detection method, which comprises the following detection steps:
step one, completing overall time sequence control of an ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method through a system clock clk and a register, and obtaining four enabling signals, namely an ADC acquisition enabling signal adc_flag, a wave train detection enabling signal detect_flag, a maximum value detection enabling signal max_flag and a stored maximum value enabling signal save_flag;
step two, fre_select controls the sampling frequency of an ADC, and an ADC acquisition enabling signal adc_flag controls an ADC acquisition echo signal unit to acquire real-time data;
step three, after ADC acquisition data is stored in a cache area RAM0 for a preset time, when a wave train detection enabling signal detect_flag is at a high level, starting a ping-pong operation unit to perform ping-pong operation, and simultaneously controlling the ping-pong operation unit and a window peak value detection unit by the wave train detection enabling signal detect_flag, and reading a data stream in the cache area RAM0 into a ping-pong cache area RAM1 or a ping-pong cache area RAM2 by data with a window length of n; reading data of the RAM2 to a window peak value detection unit while storing the data stream into the RAM1, and solving the maximum value in the window length n of the ping-pong memory, namely the data storage module;
judging whether the maximum value in the ping-pong memory is at the middle position of the window length n, registering the maximum value meeting the condition and the corresponding address in the buffer area RAM3 together, and sending the maximum value and the corresponding address into a first arrival peak value and moment judging unit;
step five, judging the maximum value in the buffer area RAM3 by a first arrival peak value and moment judging unitThe position, whether the maximum value in the collection queue and the corresponding moment are peak-to-peak values of the periodic signal or not is identified, and sampling points corresponding to the maximum peak-to-peak values are sequentially different by sampling points of the periodic signal; when the maximum value detection enabling signal max_flag is active high, and the time domain sampling discrimination condition is satisfied: (sampling Point number-error adjustment parameter) +.T i -T i－1 + (sampling point number + error adjustment parameter) and (sampling point number-error adjustment parameter) +. i+1 -T i Less than or equal to (number of samples+error adjustment parameter); wherein T is time in μs; i is a positive integer of ∈ 1; registering the maximum value at the corresponding moment;
and step six, sequentially comparing the maximum values meeting the conditions in the step five, and outputting a final maximum value and a corresponding address by a first arrival peak value and moment output unit when the stored maximum value enabling signal save_flag is detected to be at a high level, namely the peak value and the moment of the ultrasonic first arrival wave.
(see fig. 5), fig. 5 is a diagram of a detection result after an ultrasonic echo signal is input by an ultrasonic first arrival wave detection method according to the present invention, wherein:
clk is the system clock; rst_n is a system reset signal, active low; fre_select is an ADC sampling frequency selection signal, and the sampling frequency is designed and selected according to actual requirements; data_in is input data with certain noise; the adc_flag is an ADC acquisition enable signal, and when it is at a high level, the ADC acquisition signal unit starts to acquire data; detect_flag is a wave train detection enable signal, and starts detecting data in the buffer area RAM1 or RAM2 when it is high level; max_flag is a maximum value detection enable signal, and a maximum value is detected when it is high level; save_flag is a save maximum enable signal that saves the detected maximum value when it is high; adc_clk is the clock signal for the ADC to collect data; max_value is the maximum peak value output after passing detection; the time_value is the address corresponding to when the maximum value is output.
As shown in fig. 5, all input and output signals are shown on the left side of fig. 5, and the time scale in us is shown below fig. 5; fre_select is low indicating that the ADC sampling frequency selects sampling frequency 1; data_in is input ultrasonic first arrival wave data, add_flag is set to high level at 10us, ADC starts collecting data and stores the data into buffer zone RAM0, after collecting 40us, detect_flag is set to high level, control ping-pong operation unit and window peak detection unit start detection, then add single impulse noise interference signal when detect_flag is high level four times later, (this is because in the field of nondestructive detection technology or in the aspect of ultrasonic well logging, although echo signal is processed, there is unavoidable interference of other noise signals, add single impulse noise interference signal when detect_flag is high level, in order to detect and verify whether the method can realize accurate detection when there is noise interference signal) as shown in figure 5, maximum value detection enable signal max_flag becomes high level at 300us, maximum value and address thereof are saved when save maximum value enable signal save_flag is high level. The detection is started when the wave train detection enabling signal detect_flag is in a high level, the output maximum value and the address end operation thereof are started when the storage maximum value enabling signal save_flag is in a high level, and the time is 300us-50 us=250 us, so that the method provided by the invention realizes rapid and efficient real-time detection.
As shown in fig. 5, the maximum peak value of the input ultrasonic first-arrival wave data data_in is 16383, and the address is 114, and under the condition of noise interference signals, the maximum peak value and the address of the actual input signal can still be accurately detected by the ultrasonic first-arrival wave detection method. The ultrasonic first-arrival wave detection method is applied to actual detection, realizes accurate and real-time detection of the peak-to-peak value and the corresponding moment of an ultrasonic first-arrival wave signal, and contributes to the internal flaw detection of an oil well.
The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the above illustration is not to be construed as limiting the spirit of the present invention in any way, and any simple modification or variation of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments that may be changed or modified to equivalent variations using the above disclosed technical spirit of the present invention, will still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method is characterized by comprising an integral time sequence control unit constructed by hardware description language HDL, an ADC (analog to digital converter) echo signal acquisition unit, a ping-pong operation unit, a window peak value detection unit, a first arrival peak value and moment discrimination unit, a first arrival peak value and moment output unit and a time domain sampling discrimination condition; the whole time sequence control unit generates four enabling signals, namely: an ADC acquisition enabling signal (adc_flag) for controlling the ADC to acquire the echo signal unit to work normally; a wave train detection enabling signal (detect_flag) and controlling the ping-pong operation unit and the window peak value detection unit to work normally; a maximum value detection enabling signal (max_flag) for controlling the first arrival peak value and moment judging unit to work normally; storing a maximum value enabling signal (save_flag), and controlling the first arrival peak value and the moment output unit to work normally; the four enabling signals are high-level and effective, and the full workflow of finally outputting the first arrival peak value of the ultrasonic and corresponding time is realized through the acquisition, storage and real-time detection of echo signals by the control of the integral time sequence control unit; the time domain sampling discrimination conditions are as follows: (sampling Point number-error adjustment parameter) +.T i -T i－1 + (sampling point number + error adjustment parameter) and (sampling point number-error adjustment parameter) +. i+1 -T i Less than or equal to (number of samples+error adjustment parameter); wherein T is time in μs; i is a positive integer of ∈ 1; when the ADC acquires echo data for a preset time, a wave train detection enabling signal (detect_flag) is effective, starting a ping-pong operation unit to work, acquiring an ADC real-time data stream with the length of N stored in a cache area RAM0 of the ADC acquisition echo signal unit, synchronously and orderly reading the data with the window length of N into a cache area RAM1 or a cache area RAM2 of the ping-pong operation unit, and reading the data of the RAM2 to a window peak value while the data stream is stored in the RAM1 according to the wave train detection enabling signal (detect_flag) time sequence by the ping-pong operation unitA detection unit or a window peak detection unit for reading out the data of the RAM1 while the data stream is stored in the RAM 2; the window peak value detection unit judges and compares the data with the window length of n according to the wave train detection enabling signal (detect_flag) time sequence, identifies the maximum value, registers the maximum value and the address thereof in the buffer area RAM3 if the maximum value is just in the middle of the window length of n data, and sequentially and alternately executes the maximum value and the address until all the data in the ping-pong operation units RAM1 and RAM2 are judged and identified, then sends the data in the RAM3 into the first arrival peak value and moment judgment unit, judges and compares the moment corresponding to the maximum value in the buffer area RAM3 if the maximum value is just in the middle of the window length of n data, and registers the maximum value at the moment corresponding to the time of the time domain sampling judgment condition in the buffer area RAM3 if the time domain sampling judgment condition is met, and sequentially compares the maximum value at the moment corresponding to the time domain sampling judgment condition to obtain the final maximum value, wherein the final maximum value is the peak value of the ultrasonic first arrival wave; the first arrival peak value and time judging unit and the first arrival peak value and time output unit are respectively provided with a peak value real-time detection module, when a maximum value detection enabling signal (max_flag) is effective, the first arrival peak value and time judging unit judges the maximum value and the position of the maximum value in the window peak value detection unit cache area RAM3, and identifies whether the maximum value and the corresponding time in the cache area RAM3 acquisition queue are the peak value of the periodic signal, sampling points which are different in sequence by one period signal from the sampling points corresponding to the maximum peak value, if the time domain sampling judging condition is met, the maximum value of the corresponding time is registered and compared in sequence to obtain the final maximum value, the final maximum value is output to the first arrival peak value and time output unit, and when the maximum value enabling signal (save_flag) is effective, the first arrival peak value and the time output unit outputs the final maximum value and the corresponding address, namely the peak value and the time of the ultrasonic first arrival wave.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein when an ADC acquisition enable signal (adc_flag) is active, the ADC acquisition echo signal unit is controlled to acquire echo data and store the echo data in the buffer RAM 0.
3. The method for detecting the ultrasonic first arrival wave in real time according to claim 1, wherein the integral time sequence control unit mainly comprises a clock frequency division module and an enabling signal generation module, and generates an ADC acquisition clock (adc_clk) and an ADC acquisition enabling signal (adc_flag), and the working voltage is 3.3V; a wave train detection enabling signal (detect_flag), wherein the working voltage is 3.3V; maximum value detection enable signal (max_flag), operating voltage of 3.3V and save maximum value enable signal (save_flag), operating voltage of 3.3V.
4. The method for detecting the ultrasonic first arrival wave in real time according to claim 1, wherein the ADC unit for collecting echo signals, the ping-pong operation unit and the window peak value detection unit are respectively provided with a data storage module.
5. The method for detecting the ultrasonic first-arrival wave in real time according to claim 1, wherein the input data flow and the output data flow of the ping-pong operation unit are continuous and have no pause, so that seamless buffering of data is completed in real time, and real-time detection of the ultrasonic first-arrival wave is realized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110816904.1A CN113848256B (en) | 2021-07-20 | 2021-07-20 | Ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110816904.1A CN113848256B (en) | 2021-07-20 | 2021-07-20 | Ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113848256A CN113848256A (en) | 2021-12-28 |
| CN113848256B true CN113848256B (en) | 2023-12-12 |
Family
ID=78975198
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110816904.1A Active CN113848256B (en) | 2021-07-20 | 2021-07-20 | Ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113848256B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116509454A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-08-01 | 深圳市威尔德医疗电子有限公司 | Full digital A/B ultrasonic device for eyes |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3964296A (en) * | 1975-06-03 | 1976-06-22 | Terrance Matzuk | Integrated ultrasonic scanning apparatus |
| CN2356355Y (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 1999-12-29 | 华中理工大学 | Ultrasonic distance measurer |
| CN1430071A (en) * | 2001-12-30 | 2003-07-16 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | Multipurpose full real time digit preprocessor |
| CN102944301A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-02-27 | 浙江大学 | Digital peak detection method and system for ultrasonic signals based on variable-pitch sectioning method |
| FR3030047A1 (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-17 | Electricite De France | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CALCULATING ULTRASONIC PATH TIME, APPLICATIONS, PROGRAM |
| CN106154258A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2016-11-23 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of based on outer trajectory millimeter speed-measuring radar real time signal processing system and method |
-
2021
- 2021-07-20 CN CN202110816904.1A patent/CN113848256B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3964296A (en) * | 1975-06-03 | 1976-06-22 | Terrance Matzuk | Integrated ultrasonic scanning apparatus |
| CN2356355Y (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 1999-12-29 | 华中理工大学 | Ultrasonic distance measurer |
| CN1430071A (en) * | 2001-12-30 | 2003-07-16 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | Multipurpose full real time digit preprocessor |
| CN102944301A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-02-27 | 浙江大学 | Digital peak detection method and system for ultrasonic signals based on variable-pitch sectioning method |
| FR3030047A1 (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-17 | Electricite De France | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CALCULATING ULTRASONIC PATH TIME, APPLICATIONS, PROGRAM |
| CN106154258A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2016-11-23 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of based on outer trajectory millimeter speed-measuring radar real time signal processing system and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113848256A (en) | 2021-12-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Sedlak et al. | New automatic localization technique of acoustic emission signals in thin metal plates | |
| CN103940908B (en) | Based on DBSCAN and the supersonic detection device of cross correlation algorithm and method | |
| CN102539532B (en) | Ultrasonic C scanning imaging method based on two-dimensional neighborhood synthetic aperture focusing | |
| CN113848256B (en) | Ultrasonic first arrival wave real-time detection method | |
| CN109283248A (en) | The more defect inspection methods of plate structure based on DBSCAN and k-means algorithm | |
| CN106771589B (en) | A kind of implementation method of the real-time Waterfall plot of spectrum analysis | |
| CN113504306B (en) | Steel rail defect detection method based on ultrasonic phased array low-rank matrix recovery | |
| CN101620203B (en) | Deficiency ultrasonic detecting equipment of mechanical equipment based on wavelet theory | |
| CN102183226A (en) | Anchor rod nondestructive testing method based on multi-source information fusion | |
| CN109632973A (en) | A kind of ultrasound echo signal extracting method based on Based on Multiscale Matching tracking | |
| Xu et al. | Rail defect detection method based on recurrent neural network | |
| CN113140229A (en) | Sound detection method based on neural network, industrial acoustic detection system and method | |
| Zhang et al. | An improved method of rail health monitoring based on CNN and multiple acoustic emission events | |
| US5280723A (en) | Apparatus and method for data acquisition and processing | |
| CN114842280A (en) | Automatic micro-seismic signal identification algorithm based on convolutional neural network | |
| CN115561307B (en) | Grouting compactness detection method | |
| LU502127B1 (en) | Real-time Detection Method of Time of Flight of Acoustic | |
| CN111462077A (en) | Method for characterizing biological tissues by utilizing nonlinear information entropy | |
| CN112067870B (en) | Automatic oscilloscope parameter measuring device and method based on FPGA | |
| US20120242519A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for data compression | |
| Ma et al. | Machine vision-based surface inspection system for rebar | |
| CN116893222B (en) | Railway tunnel concrete defect impact echo wave detection method based on artificial intelligence | |
| CN111754463B (en) | Method for detecting CA mortar layer defects of ballastless track based on convolutional neural network | |
| CN104764806A (en) | Estimation method for defect quantification parameter | |
| CN110455922B (en) | K-nearest neighbor method-based anchor rod anchoring quality grade evaluation method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |