CN113848134B - Fatigue test method for applying bending moment to pipeline circulation - Google Patents
Fatigue test method for applying bending moment to pipeline circulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113848134B CN113848134B CN202111106969.3A CN202111106969A CN113848134B CN 113848134 B CN113848134 B CN 113848134B CN 202111106969 A CN202111106969 A CN 202111106969A CN 113848134 B CN113848134 B CN 113848134B
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a fatigue test method for applying bending moment to pipeline circulation, which comprises the following steps: s100, rotatably setting one end of a pipeline to be tested by taking a preset point as a center; s200, connecting the other end of the pipeline to be tested to a driving structure capable of moving around by taking a line parallel to a connecting line at two ends of the pipeline to be tested as a central line; s300, introducing high-pressure water into the pipeline to be tested; s400, starting a driving structure under initial conditions to enable the pipeline to be tested to operate under an initial bending moment loading state; s500, when the pipeline to be tested reaches a preset stable value, adjusting the driving structure to working conditions, and circularly applying a working bending moment to the pipeline to be tested. Through the arrangement, the multi-directional cyclic loading of the integral bending moment of the pipeline to be tested and the synchronous loading of the internal pressure are realized, and compared with the existing loading device, the multi-directional cyclic loading device has a more stable loading effect.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of bending moment loading methods of pipelines, in particular to a fatigue test method for circularly applying bending moment to pipelines.
Background
With the development of ocean resources, not only are the traditional industries such as deep sea farming industry and the like paid greater attention to, but also deep sea mining and deep sea oil fields are researched by countries around the world. Marine risers are widely used in marine engineering as a reliable and inexpensive means of transportation. The vertical pipe is usually connected with the offshore drilling platform and the submarine pipeline, the offshore drilling platform is influenced by ocean environments such as waves, wind loads, internal waves and the like, reciprocating motion can occur on the sea surface, and meanwhile, due to the design requirements and the influence of an anchor chain, the tension of the platform on the vertical pipe is usually in a safe range. However, as time passes, under the action of long-time cyclic load, the internal micro-structural cracks of the pipeline can develop into large cracks, so that the pipeline is locally damaged and broken, and even serious collapse can occur. So it is important to study the fatigue failure of the pipeline for the design safety of the pipeline.
When the marine riser contacts the sea floor, the pipeline is subjected to significant bending moment loads. In the operation process of the offshore platform, the repeated platform movement drives the pipeline to float up and down, so that the submarine pipeline is subjected to larger circulating bending moment load. The existing bending moment fatigue experimental mode mainly adopts a four-point bending loading device to apply bending moment to the part of the pipeline, so that the stress concentration at the bending position is large, and main influencing factors cannot be effectively judged. Meanwhile, the existing loading device adopting the mode is loaded by utilizing the hydraulic oil cylinder, the bending moment loading stroke is limited, the frequency cannot be increased due to overheating of the oil cylinder, the test time is long, and further the fatigue test is limited, so that the fatigue test cannot be stably operated for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a fatigue test method for circularly applying bending moment to a pipeline, wherein one end of the pipeline to be tested is rotatably arranged by taking a preset point as a center, so that one end of the pipeline to be tested is effectively limited, on the basis, the other end is driven by a driving structure to move around by taking a central line as a collar, and high-pressure water is introduced into the central line, so that the multi-directional circular loading of the integral bending moment of the pipeline to be tested and the synchronous loading of internal pressure are realized, and compared with the existing loading device, the fatigue test method has a more stable loading effect.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
In one aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a fatigue test method for applying bending moment to a pipeline cycle, comprising:
s100, rotatably setting one end of a pipeline to be tested by taking a preset point as a center;
s200, connecting the other end of the pipeline to be tested to a driving structure capable of moving around by taking a line parallel to a connecting line at two ends of the pipeline to be tested as a central line;
s300, introducing high-pressure water into the pipeline to be tested;
S400, starting a driving structure under initial conditions to enable the pipeline to be tested to operate under an initial bending moment loading state;
S500, when the pipeline to be tested reaches a preset stable value, adjusting the driving structure to working conditions, and circularly applying a working bending moment to the pipeline to be tested.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the initial condition and the operating condition comprise at least a rotational speed of the drive structure, and the rotational speed in the initial condition is smaller than the rotational speed in the operating condition.
In step S200, a surrounding distance is formed between the center line and the connecting lines at two ends of the pipe to be tested, the end of the driving structure, which is far away from the other end of the pipe to be tested, in the center line is taken as a surrounding center, and the surrounding end of the driving structure is connected to the other end of the pipe to be tested.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step S400 and the step S500 further include pressure maintaining control for the pressure in the pipe to be measured.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the pressure maintaining control is to constantly adjust the internal pressure in the pipeline to be tested by adopting the pressure maintaining function of the pressurizing pump.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-pressure water passing in step S300 includes at least:
s301, a buffer zone and an inlet zone are sequentially communicated between a high-pressure water supply structure and a pipeline to be tested;
S302, respectively opening a first passage between the high-pressure water supply structure and the buffer section and a second passage between the buffer section and the access section, and enabling the open area of the first passage to be smaller than that of the second passage;
S303, supplying water to the pipeline to be tested step by step at a water supply rate which is increased in sequence by the high-pressure water supply structure until the water pressure in the pipeline to be tested reaches a preset value.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, step S303 includes a first water supply rate and a second water supply rate, and the first water supply rate is less than the second water supply rate.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, when the first water supply rate is adopted, the open area of the first passage is designated as S 1, and the open area of the second passage is designated as S 2;
When the second water supply rate is adopted, the open area of the first passage is denoted as S 3, and the open area of the second passage is denoted as S 4; and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
S3>S1>S4>S2。
Embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:
According to the embodiment of the invention, one end of the pipeline to be tested is rotatably arranged by taking the preset point as the center, so that one end of the pipeline to be tested is effectively limited, on the basis, the other end is driven by the driving structure to move around by taking the central line as the shaft collar, and high-pressure water is introduced into the pipeline to be tested, so that the multidirectional cyclic loading of the integral bending moment of the pipeline to be tested and the synchronous loading of the internal pressure are realized; the pure bending moment loading of the pipeline to be tested is realized by driving of the driving structure, so that the local influence of the stress in the traditional four-point bending mode on the pipeline to be tested due to excessive concentration is avoided, and the error generated by the stress is reduced; through the sequential execution of initial conditions and working conditions, the bending moment circulation frequency is stably improved, the test time is shortened, and the test efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are exemplary only and that other implementations can be obtained from the extensions of the drawings provided without inventive effort.
The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the present specification are shown only for the purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, so that any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments of sizes, which do not affect the efficacy or the achievement of the present invention, should fall within the ambit of the technical disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a fatigue test method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus for a fatigue test method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of an experimental apparatus for a fatigue test method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a driving member of an experimental apparatus for a fatigue testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a force application principle of a driving structure to a pipeline to be tested according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a pipeline end fixing structure; 2-a hydraulic loading structure; 3-a pipeline to be tested; 4-a bending moment loading structure;
11-a transfer chamber; 12-a universal ball; 13-connecting pipes; 14-a first mounting flange; 15-mounting a bracket;
21-a high-pressure water pipe;
41-a reaction frame; 42-spin ball; 43-driving member; 44-a force-guiding rod; 45-a second mounting flange;
431-supporting frame; 432-a servo motor; 433-brake gear; 434-a drive gear; 435-a limiting hole; 436-dowel bar.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, by way of illustration, is to be read in connection with certain specific embodiments, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The fatigue test method of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with a specific experimental set-up.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a fatigue test method for applying bending moment to pipeline circulation, which comprises the following steps:
S100, rotatably setting one end of a pipeline 3 to be tested by taking a preset point as a center;
S200, connecting the other end of the pipeline 3 to be tested to a driving structure capable of moving around by taking a line parallel to the connecting lines at the two ends of the pipeline 3 to be tested as a central line;
S300, introducing high-pressure water into the pipeline 3 to be tested;
s400, starting a driving structure under initial conditions to enable the pipeline 3 to be tested to operate under an initial bending moment loading state;
S500, when the pipeline 3 to be tested reaches a preset stable value, adjusting the driving structure to working conditions, and circularly applying a working bending moment to the pipeline 3 to be tested.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the experimental device includes a pipe end fixing structure 1 disposed at one end (for rotatably disposing one end of a pipe 3 to be tested), a bending moment loading structure 4 disposed at the other end (for connecting the other end of the pipe 3 to be tested), and a water pressure loading structure 2 (for introducing high-pressure water into the pipe 3 to be tested) in communication with the pipe end fixing structure 1, and a placement gap for placing the pipe 3 to be tested is formed between the pipe end fixing structure 1 and the bending moment loading structure 4. Wherein, the two ends of the pipeline 3 to be tested are respectively welded with a connecting flange, and the two ends are respectively detachably connected with a first mounting flange 14 on the pipeline end fixing structure 1 and a second mounting flange 45 on the bending moment loading structure 4 through the connecting flanges, the water pressure loading structure 2 conveys high-pressure water in the high-pressure water supply mechanism into the pipeline 3 to be tested through a high-pressure water pipe 21 therein, and after the input is completed, the circulating bending moment can be applied to the pipeline 3 to be tested through starting the bending moment loading structure 4.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the pipe end fixing structure 1 includes a transmission cavity 11 having an opening and formed therein, a universal ball 12 rotatably closing the opening, and a connection structure extending outwardly from the universal ball 12 for connecting the pipe 3 to be tested, and the transmission cavity 11, the universal ball 12 and the connection structure cooperate to form a through liquid passage. In the actual working process, the water pressure loading structure 2 inputs high-pressure water into the transmission cavity 11 through the high-pressure water pipe 21, flows to the universal ball 12, and finally flows into the pipeline 3 to be tested. The center of the first mounting flange 14 for connecting the pipe 3 to be measured is provided with a hollow, so that water can flow into the pipe 3 to be measured through the first mounting flange 14, and the pressure from inside to outside is applied to the pipe 3 to be measured. The force-transmitting rod 44 and the force-transmitting rod 436 of the driving member 43 are completely fixedly connected to the rotary ball 42 of the reaction frame 41, and the rotary ball 42 is formed with threads that engage with the inner surface of the reaction frame 41, thereby restricting the rotation of the rotary ball 42 in the axial direction of the ball groove of the reaction frame 41 (here, both ends of the ball groove are formed as openings, and thus, the axial direction here, i.e., the axis formed from one end of the opening to the other end thereof), without restricting the rotation of the rotary ball 42 in other directions. Through the design, the axial rotation of the pipeline 3 to be tested is effectively limited, so that the bending moment direction of the pipeline 3 to be tested can be changed all the time under the driving action of the driving piece 43, and the purpose of circulating bending moment is achieved. Meanwhile, the arrangement mode is based on the cooperation rotation of the two ends, so that the adjustment of the local bending moment of the conventional four-point bending is avoided, and the problems of uneven stress of the pipeline 3 to be tested caused by stress concentration are avoided. This arrangement allows the force-guiding rod 44 to move around a line parallel to the connecting line of the two ends of the pipe to be measured, the principle of which is shown in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 4, the driving member 43 of the bending moment loading structure 4 includes a supporting frame 431 (which may be specifically selected as a reaction frame structure), a servo motor 432 disposed on the supporting frame 431, a brake gear 433 connected to an output end of the servo motor 432, a transmission gear 434 engaged with the brake gear 433 and rotatably disposed, and a force transmission rod 436 eccentrically disposed on the transmission gear 434, wherein one end of the force transmission rod 436 away from the transmission gear 434 is connected to the rotary ball 42. Of course, the limiting hole 435 may be eccentrically provided on the driving gear 434, and the force transmission rod 436 passes through the limiting hole 435 and is not connected with the limiting hole so that it can rotate in the limiting hole 435. In the working state, the servo motor 432 drives the brake gear 433 to rotate, the brake gear 433 drives the transmission gear 434 to rotate, and simultaneously the dowel bar 436 rotates around the axis, and further drives the rotary ball 42 to rotate in the ball groove, so that the force guide rod 44 effectively rotates around, and the cyclic bending moment loading is provided for the pipeline 3 to be tested.
In the actual test, the initial condition and the working condition include at least the rotational speed of the drive structure, and the rotational speed in the initial condition is smaller than the rotational speed in the working condition.
In a further preferred embodiment, in order to enable the driving structure to better achieve the surrounding, so as to drive one end of the pipe 3 to be tested to perform surrounding and achieve loading of bending moment, in step S200, a surrounding distance is formed between the center line and the connecting lines at two ends of the pipe 3 to be tested, the end of the driving structure, far away from the other end of the pipe 3 to be tested, in the center line is taken as a surrounding center, and the surrounding end of the driving structure is connected to the other end of the pipe 3 to be tested. That is, as shown in fig. 5, the rightmost end point is a surrounding center, and the force guide rod 44 is driven by the driving member 43 to rotate around the rightmost end point as the surrounding center and transmit force to the pipeline 3 to be tested, so as to realize the loading of the whole surrounding bending moment.
In a further preferred embodiment, in order to keep the internal pressure of the pipe 3 to be measured constant, the pressure maintaining control is further included in the steps S400 and S500 for the pressure in the pipe 3 to be measured. The pressure maintaining control here may be realized by using the pressure maintaining function of the pressurizing pump, and the hydraulic loading structure 2 includes the pressurizing pump.
In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to better improve the stability of the overall pressurization process, and avoid the problems of experimental errors caused by the influence of sudden pressurization on the stress of the pipeline 1 to be tested in the experiment, the high-pressure water flowing in step S300 at least includes:
s301, a buffer zone and an inlet zone are sequentially communicated between a high-pressure water supply structure and a pipeline 3 to be tested;
S302, respectively opening a first passage between the high-pressure water supply structure and the buffer section and a second passage between the buffer section and the access section, and enabling the open area of the first passage to be smaller than that of the second passage;
and S303, supplying water to the pipeline 3 to be tested step by step at a water supply rate which is increased in sequence by the high-pressure water supply structure until the water pressure in the pipeline 3 to be tested reaches a preset value.
In a further preferred embodiment, in order to better enhance the operation efficiency, the experimental effect is ensured, step S303 includes a first water supply rate and a second water supply rate, and the first water supply rate is smaller than the second water supply rate. Specifically, when the first water supply rate is adopted, the open area of the first passage is denoted as S 1, and the open area of the second passage is denoted as S 2; when the second water supply rate is adopted, the open area of the first passage is denoted as S 3, and the open area of the second passage is denoted as S 4; and S 3>S1>S4>S2.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. A fatigue test method for applying bending moment to a pipeline cycle, comprising:
s100, rotatably setting one end of a pipeline to be tested by taking a preset point as a center;
s200, connecting the other end of the pipeline to be tested to a driving structure capable of moving around by taking a line parallel to a connecting line at two ends of the pipeline to be tested as a central line;
s300, introducing high-pressure water into the pipeline to be tested;
S400, starting a driving structure under initial conditions to enable the pipeline to be tested to operate under an initial bending moment loading state;
S500, when the pipeline to be tested reaches a preset stable value, adjusting the driving structure to working conditions, and circularly applying a working bending moment to the pipeline to be tested;
one end of the pipeline to be tested is connected to the pipeline end fixing structure;
The experimental device comprises a pipeline end fixing structure arranged at one end, a bending moment loading structure arranged at the other end and a water pressure loading structure communicated with the pipeline end fixing structure, wherein a placing gap for placing a pipeline to be tested is formed between the pipeline end fixing structure and the bending moment loading structure; the pipeline end fixing structure comprises a transmission cavity, a universal ball and a connecting pipe, wherein the transmission cavity is internally provided with a cavity and is provided with an opening, the universal ball is rotatable and is sealed, the connecting pipe is arranged to extend outwards from the universal ball and is used for connecting a pipeline to be tested, the other end of the connecting pipe is connected with a first mounting flange, and the center of the first mounting flange is provided with a cavity;
The driving structure is a bending moment loading structure, the bending moment loading structure comprises a counter-force frame formed with a ball groove, a rotary ball rotatably arranged in the ball groove, a driving piece connected to the rotary ball and used for driving the rotary ball to rotate in the ball groove, a force guide rod is connected to one side of the rotary ball, facing the pipeline end fixing structure, of the rotary ball, and the other end of the force guide rod is connected with a second mounting flange;
The two ends of the pipeline to be tested are respectively welded with a connecting flange, and the two ends are respectively detachably connected with a first mounting flange on the pipeline end fixing structure and a second mounting flange on the bending moment loading structure through the connecting flanges.
2. A fatigue testing method for applying bending moment to a pipeline cycle according to claim 1, wherein the initial condition and the operating condition include at least a rotational speed of the drive structure, and wherein the rotational speed in the initial condition is less than the rotational speed in the operating condition.
3. The fatigue testing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S200, a surrounding distance is formed between the center line and the connecting lines at two ends of the pipe to be tested, the driving structure uses an end of the center line, which is far away from the other end of the pipe to be tested, as a surrounding center, and the surrounding end of the driving structure is connected to the other end of the pipe to be tested.
4. The fatigue test method for applying bending moment to pipeline circulation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step S400 and the step S500 further comprise pressure maintaining control of the pressure in the pipeline to be tested.
5. The fatigue test method for applying bending moment to pipeline circulation according to claim 4, wherein the pressure maintaining control is to constantly adjust the internal pressure in the pipeline to be tested by adopting the pressure maintaining function of the pressurizing pump.
6. A fatigue test method for applying bending moment to pipeline circulation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the high pressure water passing in step S300 at least comprises:
s301, a buffer zone and an inlet zone are sequentially communicated between a high-pressure water supply structure and a pipeline to be tested;
S302, respectively opening a first passage between the high-pressure water supply structure and the buffer section and a second passage between the buffer section and the access section, and enabling the open area of the first passage to be smaller than that of the second passage;
S303, supplying water to the pipeline to be tested step by step at a water supply rate which is increased in sequence by the high-pressure water supply structure until the water pressure in the pipeline to be tested reaches a preset value.
7. The fatigue testing method for applying bending moment to pipeline circulation according to claim 6, wherein step S303 includes a first water supply rate and a second water supply rate, and wherein the first water supply rate is less than the second water supply rate.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein when the first water supply rate is used, the open area of the first passage is designated as S 1, and the open area of the second passage is designated as S 2;
when the second water supply rate is adopted, the open area of the first passage is denoted as S 3, and the open area of the second passage is denoted as S 4; and S 3>S1>S4>S2.
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