CN113847621B - Cold start system and method for boiler - Google Patents
Cold start system and method for boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN113847621B CN113847621B CN202111236304.4A CN202111236304A CN113847621B CN 113847621 B CN113847621 B CN 113847621B CN 202111236304 A CN202111236304 A CN 202111236304A CN 113847621 B CN113847621 B CN 113847621B
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- air
- oil gun
- boiler
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 12
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q13/00—Igniters not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
- F23C7/06—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner for heating the incoming air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L5/00—Blast-producing apparatus before the fire
- F23L5/02—Arrangements of fans or blowers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cold starting system and a method for a boiler, which are used for heating primary air, introducing oxygen to enhance the combustion intensity of fuel oil, saving the fuel oil, enhancing the combustion of pulverized coal in a hearth, improving the burnout rate of the pulverized coal in the hearth and ensuring the stability and safety of the subsequent operation of the boiler. Comprises a primary air blower, an air preheater and a powder preparation system which are connected in sequence; the outlet of the air preheater is connected with the primary air pipeline through a first bypass pipeline and a second bypass pipeline, and the powder preparation system is connected with an ignition burner arranged in a boiler furnace; the primary air heater comprises an oil gun assembly and an oil combustion chamber, the oil combustion chamber is arranged in the first bypass pipeline, the oil gun assembly is arranged at an inlet of the oil combustion chamber, and the oil gun assembly comprises an oil gun sleeve, an oil gun and an igniter; the oil gun sleeve is used for introducing oil gun wind; a first air door is arranged between the primary air heater and the air preheater, and a second air door is arranged on the second bypass pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boilers and boiler energy conservation, in particular to a system and a method for cold starting of a boiler.
Background
In the traditional cold start of the boiler, the large oil gun is put into operation firstly to raise the temperature of the boiler hearth, and when the temperature of the boiler hearth can maintain stable combustion of coal dust, the coal dust is put into the boiler hearth and gradually exits from the large oil gun. In order to save fuel oil, modern boilers generally adopt a micro-oil ignition technology or a plasma ignition technology, namely, a micro-oil gun or a plasma igniter is arranged in a part of primary air burners, the height Wen Huohe is formed in the burners, coal dust corresponding to the burners can be put into the burners at the initial stage of ignition, and the coal dust enters the boiler to heat a hearth after being ignited in the burners, so that the purpose of saving fuel oil is achieved by using the combustion of the coal dust to replace the combustion of oil. However, the device is limited by the power of the micro-oil ignition device and the plasma electric ignition device, when the ignition coal is anthracite and lean coal with lower volatile components, the burnout rate of the coal dust input in the initial stage of cold ignition of the boiler is lower, the oil saving effect is not obvious, and the unburnt coal dust contaminates devices such as a tail flue economizer, an air preheater and the like, so that the spontaneous combustion risk is provided.
In addition, for the boiler adopting the direct-fired pulverizing system, the starting of the pulverizing system requires that the temperature of primary air reaches a set value, the temperature of the primary air is increased to lean on the air preheater to absorb the heat of smoke, the temperature of the smoke in the initial stage of ignition of the boiler is lower, and the primary air cannot be heated to the set temperature. In order to solve the problem that the powder making system cannot be put into the boiler because of low primary air temperature in the initial stage of ignition of the boiler, in the prior art, a mode of adding a primary air heater is generally adopted, and steam close to the boiler is adopted as a heat source of the primary air heater, but when the boiler is close to a stop state, a heat source required by the primary air heater cannot be provided, and the primary air heater cannot be used, so that the powder making system cannot be put into the boiler in the initial stage of starting.
Therefore, at present, the main reasons why the ignition combustion starting boiler using coal powder instead of kerosene cannot be adopted in the initial starting stage of the boiler in a cold state are as follows: firstly, the powder making system cannot be started due to the fact that the primary air temperature is too low; secondly, the low furnace temperature leads to low coal dust burnout rate, unburnt carbon pollutes follow-up equipment and can influence the safe operation of boiler, and especially when the volatile content of burning coal species is lower, the problem that coal dust burnout rate is low is especially obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cold starting system and a method for a boiler, which are used for heating primary air, introducing oxygen to enhance the combustion intensity of fuel oil, saving fuel oil, enhancing the combustion of pulverized coal in a hearth, improving the burnout rate of the pulverized coal in the hearth and ensuring the stability and safety of the subsequent operation of the boiler.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a cold start system of a boiler comprises a primary air blower, an air preheater and a powder making system which are sequentially connected through a primary air pipeline;
the outlet of the air preheater is connected with the primary air pipeline through a first bypass pipeline and a second bypass pipeline, and the powder preparation system is connected with an ignition burner arranged in a boiler furnace;
the primary air heater comprises an oil gun assembly and an oil combustion chamber, the oil combustion chamber is arranged in the first bypass pipeline, the oil gun assembly is arranged at an inlet of the oil combustion chamber, and the oil gun assembly comprises an oil gun sleeve, an oil gun and an igniter;
the oil gun sleeve is used for introducing oil gun wind;
a first air door is arranged between the primary air heater and the air preheater, and a second air door is arranged on the second bypass pipeline.
Preferably, the oil gun sleeve is provided with a first oxygen gun.
Preferably, the direction of the first oxygen lance for introducing oxygen is perpendicular to the direction of the oil lance sleeve for introducing oil lance wind.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of the first bypass pipeline where the oil combustion chamber is located is larger than the pipe diameter of the first bypass pipeline at the rest positions.
Preferably, an interlayer is arranged between the oil combustion chamber and the first bypass pipeline.
Preferably, a first temperature detection device is arranged at the outlet of the primary air heater, and an oil regulating valve is arranged between the oil gun and the oil combustion chamber.
Preferably, a second temperature detection device is arranged between the outlet of the air preheater and the primary air heater.
Preferably, a second oxygen lance is arranged on the ignition burner.
A method for starting a boiler in a cold state comprises the following steps,
the boiler is started in a cold state, a second air door of a second bypass pipeline is closed, a first air door of a first bypass pipeline is opened, primary air is introduced into a primary air blower, and the primary air is initially preheated by an air preheater and then enters a primary air heater of the first bypass pipeline;
starting an igniter, introducing fuel oil into an oil gun, introducing oil gun wind into an oil gun sleeve, and burning the fuel oil in an oil combustion chamber to heat primary wind to form hot primary wind;
the hot primary air flows into the pulverizing system through the primary air pipeline and carries pulverized coal in the pulverizing system into an ignition burner in a hearth;
the ignition burner ignites the pulverized coal to heat the hearth, and the cold start of the boiler is completed.
Preferably, when the ignition burner ignites pulverized coal to heat the hearth, the second temperature detection device at the outlet of the air preheater monitors the primary air temperature in real time, and when the primary air temperature reaches the preset input temperature of the pulverizing system, the first air door is closed, the second air door is opened, and the primary air heater is stopped.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a cold starting system of a boiler, which is characterized in that two bypass pipelines are arranged between an air preheater and a powder making system, wherein a primary air heater is arranged in one bypass pipeline, the bypass pipeline comprises an oil combustion chamber and an oil gun assembly, the oil combustion chamber is arranged in the pipeline and used for heating fuel oil by combustion, the oil gun assembly is used for providing a heating source, part of fuel oil is sprayed into the oil combustion chamber by an oil gun in the oil gun assembly, an oil gun sleeve in the oil gun assembly provides oil gun air carrying oxygen required by oil combustion, an igniter in the oil gun assembly ignites, and the fuel oil combusts the primary air flowing in the heating pipeline under the condition of oxygen air flow, so that the starting temperature of the powder making system is reached, and the purpose of throwing the powder making system in the initial stage of ignition is achieved.
According to the invention, pure oxygen is mixed in the introduced oil gun air, so that the oxygen content of the oil gun air entering the oil combustion chamber is improved, the fuel oil is in an oxygen-enriched atmosphere, the fuel oil combustion can be enhanced, the pollution of unburned greasy dirt to the powder making system caused by the mixing of primary air is avoided, the burnout rate of the fuel oil is improved, the fuel oil consumption is saved, and the potential safety hazard to the subsequent pulverized coal combustion and boiler operation is prevented.
Further, the diameter of the oil combustion chamber is larger than the pipe diameter of the first bypass pipeline, the contact area is increased, the oil gun is conveniently arranged, meanwhile, the area of the oil combustion chamber is increased, the speed of primary air flowing through can be reduced, the heating time of the primary air in the oil combustion chamber is increased, the heating is more sufficient, and the primary air temperature for starting the powder making system can be guaranteed.
Further, the second oxygen gun is arranged on the ignition burner, so that oxygen is simultaneously introduced into the ignition burner to enhance the combustion of the pulverized coal, improve the operation safety of the boiler and save more fuel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a primary air heater in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a boiler system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, a primary air heater 1, an oil combustion chamber 101, an oil gun sleeve 102, an oil gun 103, an igniter 104, an oil control valve 2, a primary air blower 3, an air preheater 4, a coal feeder 5, a coal mill 6, an ignition burner 7, a first bypass pipe 8, a second bypass pipe 9, a first air door 10, a second air door 11, a first temperature detection device 12, a second temperature detection device 13, a first oxygen gun 14, a second oxygen gun 15 and a boiler 16.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to illustrate, but not to limit, the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the cold starting system of the boiler comprises a primary air blower 3, an air preheater 4 and a pulverizing system which are sequentially connected through a primary air pipeline;
the outlet of the air preheater 4 is connected with a primary air pipeline through a first bypass pipeline 8 and a second bypass pipeline 9, and the powder preparation system is connected with an ignition burner 7 arranged in a boiler hearth;
the primary air heater 1 is arranged on the first bypass pipeline 8, the primary air heater 1 comprises an oil gun assembly and an oil combustion chamber 101, the oil combustion chamber 101 is arranged in the first bypass pipeline 8, the oil gun assembly is arranged at an inlet of the oil combustion chamber 101, and the oil gun assembly comprises an oil gun sleeve 102, an oil gun 103 and an igniter 104;
the oil gun sleeve 102 is used for introducing oil gun wind, and oxygen required by fuel oil combustion is carried in the oil gun wind;
a first air door 10 is arranged between the primary air heater 1 and the air preheater 4, and a second air door 11 is arranged on the second bypass pipeline 9.
The invention provides a cold starting system of a boiler, as shown in fig. 2, by arranging two bypass pipelines between an air preheater 4 and a powder making system, wherein a primary air heater 1 is arranged in one bypass pipeline, the cold starting system comprises an oil combustion chamber 101 and an oil gun assembly, the oil combustion chamber is arranged in the pipeline and used for heating fuel oil by combustion, the oil gun assembly is used for providing a heating source, an oil gun 103 in the oil gun assembly is used for spraying part of fuel oil into the oil combustion chamber 101, an oil gun sleeve 102 in the oil gun assembly is used for providing oil gun air carrying oxygen required by oil combustion, an igniter 104 in the oil gun assembly is used for igniting, and the fuel oil is used for combusting the primary air flowing in the heating pipeline under the condition of oxygen air flow, so that the starting temperature of the powder making system is reached, and the aim of throwing the powder making system in the initial stage of ignition is fulfilled.
Preferably, the oil gun 103 is an atomized oil gun.
Further, the lance sleeve 102 is provided with a first lance 14.
According to the invention, pure oxygen is mixed in the introduced oil gun air, so that the oxygen content of the oil gun air entering the oil combustion chamber 101 is improved, the fuel oil is in an oxygen-enriched atmosphere, the fuel oil combustion can be enhanced, the pollution of unburned greasy dirt to the powder making system caused by the mixing of primary air is avoided, the burnout rate of the fuel oil is improved, the fuel oil consumption is saved, and the potential safety hazard to the subsequent pulverized coal combustion and boiler operation is prevented.
In this embodiment, the direction in which the oxygen is introduced into the first oxygen lance 14 is perpendicular to the direction in which the air is introduced into the oil lance sleeve 102, so that the air can contact with the air flow of the air more fully, and the combustion-supporting strengthening effect is better.
Further, the pipe diameter of the first bypass pipeline where the oil combustion chamber 101 is located is larger than that of the first bypass pipelines at other positions, the contact area is increased, the oil gun 103 is conveniently arranged, meanwhile, the area of the oil combustion chamber 101 is increased, the speed of primary air flowing through the oil combustion chamber can be reduced, the heating time of the primary air in the oil combustion chamber 101 is increased, the heating is more sufficient, and the primary air temperature for starting the pulverizing system can be guaranteed.
Further, an interlayer is arranged between the oil combustion chamber 101 and the first bypass pipeline 8, part of primary air flows through the interlayer between the oil combustion chamber 101 and the first bypass pipeline 8, and the oil combustion chamber 101 is properly cooled, so that the oil combustion chamber 101 is prevented from being burnt.
Further, a first temperature detecting device 12 is arranged at the outlet of the primary air heater 1, an oil regulating valve 2 is arranged between the oil gun 103 and the oil combustion chamber 101, a temperature measuring point is arranged in an outlet air duct of the primary air heater 1, the primary air temperature at the outlet of the primary air heater 1 is detected in real time, the first temperature detecting device 12 of the temperature measuring point obtains a temperature signal and outputs the temperature signal to the oil regulating valve 2, the opening of the oil regulating valve 2 is regulated according to the primary air temperature at the outlet of the primary air heater 1, and after the preset primary air temperature is reached, the oil regulating valve 2 is closed, so that unnecessary fuel waste or unnecessary oil pollution is avoided.
Further, a second temperature detection device 13 is arranged between the outlet of the air preheater 4 and the primary air heater 1, a temperature measuring point is arranged in an air duct at the outlet of the air preheater 4, the primary air temperature at the outlet of the air preheater 4 is detected in real time, when the primary air temperature at the outlet of the air preheater 4 reaches the input temperature of the powder making system, the second temperature detection device 13 at the temperature measuring point acquires a temperature signal, controls the first air door 10 to be closed, and the second air door 11 to be opened, and stops running the primary air heater 1.
Further, the second oxygen lance 15 is arranged on the ignition burner 7, and in order to improve the burnout rate of the pulverized coal, oxygen is simultaneously introduced into the ignition burner 7, so that the combustion of the pulverized coal is enhanced, the operation safety of the boiler is improved, and more fuel is saved.
The invention relates to a cold starting method of a boiler, which comprises the following steps,
the boiler is started in a cold state, a second air door 11 on a second bypass pipeline 9 is closed, a first air door 10 of a first bypass pipeline 8 is opened, primary air is introduced into a primary air blower 3, and the primary air enters a primary air heater 1 of the first bypass pipeline 8 after preliminary preheating of the primary air blower 4;
starting an igniter 104, introducing fuel oil into an oil gun 103, introducing oil gun wind into an oil gun sleeve 102, and combusting the fuel oil in an oil combustion chamber 101 to heat primary wind to form hot primary wind;
the hot primary air enters a pulverizing system through a primary air pipeline, and after pulverized coal in the pulverizing system is heated, pulverized coal airflow enters an ignition burner 7 in a hearth;
the ignition burner 7 ignites the pulverized coal to heat the hearth, and the cold start of the boiler is completed.
Further, when the ignition burner 7 ignites pulverized coal to heat the hearth, the second temperature detection device 13 at the outlet of the air preheater 4 monitors the primary air temperature in real time, and when the primary air temperature reaches the preset powder making system input temperature, the first air door 10 is closed, the second air door 11 is opened, and the primary air heater 1 is stopped.
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:
the primary air from the primary air fan 3 flows through the air preheater 4 at first, primary air is primarily heated in the air preheater 4, a primary air pipeline at the outlet of the air preheater 4 is divided into two paths, the two paths comprise a first bypass pipeline 8 and a second bypass pipeline 9, one ends of the two paths are connected with the outlet of the air preheater 4, the other ends of the two paths are connected with the primary air pipeline, and a primary air heater 1 is arranged in the first bypass pipeline 8;
when the boiler is started in a cold state, a second air door 11 on a second bypass pipeline 9 is closed, a first air door 10 on a first bypass pipeline 8 is opened, primary air enters a primary air heater 1, an oil regulating valve 2 is opened, fuel oil enters an oil combustion chamber 101 from an oil gun 103, oxygen required by oil combustion is provided by the oil gun air entering from an oil gun sleeve, pure oxygen is mixed in the oil gun air through a primary oxygen gun arranged on the oil gun sleeve, the oxygen content of the oil gun air entering the oil combustion chamber 101 is improved, the fuel oil combustion is enhanced, and unburnt greasy dirt is avoided from being mixed in the primary air;
a first temperature detection device 12 is arranged in an air duct at the outlet of the primary air heater 1, the primary air temperature at the outlet of the primary air heater 1 is detected, the first temperature detection device 12 outputs a temperature signal to the oil regulating valve 2, and the opening of the oil regulating valve 2 is regulated according to the primary air temperature at the outlet of the primary air heater 1;
the primary air flows through the primary air heater 1 and is heated to form hot primary air which enters the pulverizing system, when the primary air temperature reaches the starting temperature of the pulverizing system, a coal feeder 5 and a coal mill 6 of the pulverizing system are started, the hot primary air flows through the coal mill 6 and carries coal dust in the coal mill 6 to enter an ignition burner 7 (a micro-oil ignition burner or a plasma ignition burner), the coal dust is ignited in the burner, and the ignited coal dust enters a hearth to heat the hearth;
in order to improve the burnout rate of the pulverized coal, oxygen is simultaneously introduced into the ignition burner 7 through a secondary oxygen gun arranged on the ignition burner 7, so that the combustion of the pulverized coal is enhanced, the operation safety of a boiler is improved, and more fuel oil is saved;
as the temperature of the hearth increases, the temperature of the flue gas flowing through the air preheater 4 increases, the temperature of primary air at the outlet of the air preheater 4 increases, a second temperature detection device 13 is arranged in a primary air bypass pipeline at the outlet of the air preheater 4, when the temperature of the primary air at the outlet of the air preheater 4 reaches the input temperature of the pulverizing system, the first air door 10 is closed, the second air door 11 is opened, and the primary air heater 1 stops heating the primary air;
when the temperature of the hearth reaches the design value, oxygen supply of the ignition burner 7 is stopped, and cold start of the boiler is completed.
Claims (3)
1. The cold starting system of the boiler is characterized by comprising a primary fan (3), an air preheater (4) and a pulverizing system which are sequentially connected through a primary air pipeline;
the outlet of the air preheater (4) is connected with a primary air pipeline through a first bypass pipeline (8) and a second bypass pipeline (9), the primary air pipeline is connected with the powder making system and a boiler furnace, and the powder making system is connected with an ignition burner (7) arranged in the boiler furnace;
a primary air heater (1) is arranged on the first bypass pipeline (8), the primary air heater (1) comprises an oil gun assembly and an oil combustion chamber (101), the oil combustion chamber (101) and an exhaust port thereof are arranged in the first bypass pipeline (8), the oil gun assembly is arranged at an inlet of the oil combustion chamber (101), and the oil gun assembly comprises an oil gun sleeve (102), an oil gun (103) and an igniter (104);
wherein the oil gun sleeve (102) is used for introducing oil gun wind;
a first air door (10) is arranged between the primary air heater (1) and the air preheater (4), and a second air door (11) is arranged on the second bypass pipeline (9);
the oil gun sleeve (102) is provided with a first oxygen gun (14);
the direction of oxygen introduced into the first oxygen lance (14) is perpendicular to the direction of air introduced into the oil lance sleeve (102);
a second oxygen lance (15) is arranged on the ignition combustor (7);
the pipe diameter of the first bypass pipeline (8) where the oil combustion chamber (101) is located is larger than the pipe diameter of the first bypass pipeline (8) at the rest positions;
an interlayer is arranged between the oil combustion chamber (101) and the first bypass pipeline (8);
a first temperature detection device (12) is arranged at the outlet of the primary air heater (1), and an oil regulating valve (2) is arranged between the oil gun (103) and the oil combustion chamber (101);
a second temperature detection device (13) is arranged between the outlet of the air preheater (4) and the primary air heater (1).
2. A method for cold start of a boiler, characterized in that it is based on the system of claim 1, comprising the steps of,
the boiler is started in a cold state, a second air door (11) of a second bypass pipeline (9) is closed, a first air door (10) of a first bypass pipeline (8) is opened, primary air is introduced into a primary air blower (3), and the primary air is initially preheated by an air preheater (4) and then enters a primary air heater (1) of the first bypass pipeline (8);
starting an igniter (104), introducing fuel oil into an oil gun (103), introducing oil gun wind into an oil gun sleeve (102), and burning the fuel oil in an oil combustion chamber (101) to heat primary wind to form hot primary wind;
the hot primary air flows into the pulverizing system through the primary air pipeline and carries pulverized coal in the pulverizing system into an ignition burner (7) in a hearth;
the ignition burner (7) ignites the pulverized coal to heat the hearth, and the cold start of the boiler is completed.
3. The cold starting method of a boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that when the ignition burner (7) ignites pulverized coal to heat a hearth, the second temperature detection device (13) at the outlet of the air preheater (4) monitors the primary air temperature in real time, and when the primary air temperature reaches the preset input temperature of the pulverizing system, the first air door (10) is closed, the second air door (11) is opened, and the primary air heater (1) is stopped.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111236304.4A CN113847621B (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2021-10-22 | Cold start system and method for boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111236304.4A CN113847621B (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2021-10-22 | Cold start system and method for boiler |
Publications (2)
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