CN113843587A - Forming process of adjusting clamp sleeve - Google Patents
Forming process of adjusting clamp sleeve Download PDFInfo
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- CN113843587A CN113843587A CN202111100762.5A CN202111100762A CN113843587A CN 113843587 A CN113843587 A CN 113843587A CN 202111100762 A CN202111100762 A CN 202111100762A CN 113843587 A CN113843587 A CN 113843587A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forming process of an adjusting clamp sleeve, which comprises the following steps: the process has the advantages of obviously improving the material utilization rate, reducing the machining cost, saving energy and reducing consumption, and has very important significance for reducing the manufacturing cost of the disc brake and promoting the popularization of the disc brake in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cold extrusion forging, in particular to a forming process of an adjusting clamping sleeve.
Background
The cold extrusion technology is an efficient machining technology with few cuttings, has high precision and higher production efficiency, and can obtain higher comprehensive mechanical property and better product surface quality after being formed. With the development of automobiles towards high performance, low cost and low energy consumption, the development trend of the current automobile manufacturing industry is to net form small-size or near-forming complex automobile parts by adopting a cold extrusion process and a cold extrusion die.
The adjusting clamping sleeve is a key part of the truck disc brake, and the disc brake has the characteristics of good brake force linearity, strong thermal attenuation resistance and good brake force consistency compared with a drum brake. This is why the state mandates that the guide wheels of the hazardous material transport vehicle must be equipped with disc brakes. The part has a complex structure and high strength requirement, and in the prior art, the cost is high by adopting a traditional machining mode, the utilization rate of materials is low, and if the part is processed by a powder metallurgy mode, the strength of the part is low, the safety coefficient is poor, and the strength requirement of the product is difficult to meet. Therefore, the forming research of the adjusting clamp sleeve has very important significance for reducing the manufacturing cost of the disc brake and promoting the popularization of the disc brake in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a forming process for adjusting the cutting ferrule, which improves the utilization rate of materials and the stability and the production efficiency of products on the premise of ensuring the mechanical property of the products.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the forming process of the adjusting ferrule of the invention comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: discharging
Sawing and blanking the blank by using a circular saw to obtain a blank;
step two: chamfering
Chamfering two end surfaces of the blank by a chamfering machine;
step three: spheroidizing annealing
Placing the blank after the chamfering procedure is finished into an annealing furnace to perform spheroidizing annealing on the blank;
step four: shot blasting
Performing shot blasting treatment on the blanked blank by using a drum type shot blasting machine to remove oxide skin and attachments on the surface of the blank;
step five: treatment of skin
Performing leather membrane treatment on the blank subjected to shot blasting treatment;
step six: cold extrusion
Extruding the head of the blank into a step through a cold extrusion forming die and extruding the inner surface of the head of the blank into the step;
the cold extrusion forming die comprises: the die comprises a punch, a die core, a die sleeve, an ejection ring and a lower ejector rod, wherein the die sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the die core in a matching manner to form a lower die;
step seven: intermediate machining
Mounting the cold-extruded blank on a lathe, turning an inner hole step, turning the total length of the blank, and turning the outer diameter of the blank to ensure concentricity;
step eight: extruded spline
Extruding the inner surface of the blank into a spline shape through a cold extrusion spline forming die;
the cold extrusion spline forming die comprises: the upper punch, the lower die core, the lower die sleeve, the annular liftout, the lower punch, the cushion block, the lower punch sleeve, the base and the ejector rod, the lower die sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the lower die core, the cushion block, the lower punch sleeve and the base are sequentially fastened and coaxially arranged below the lower die core and the lower die sleeve, the upper punch is arranged in the lower die core in a penetrating mode and abuts against the top of the blank, the lower punch is arranged in the lower die sleeve in a penetrating mode and abuts against the inner wall of the blank, and the ejector rod arranged on the outer side of the lower punch in a penetrating mode and abuts against the bottom of the blank.
Step nine: thermal treatment
Normalizing the blank for forming the spline, and adjusting the structure of the blank to improve the cutting performance;
step ten: machining of finished products
And machining the heat-treated blank to a defined size by a machining mode to obtain a final finished product.
As a further preference of the present invention, in the first step, the blank weight error is + -1 g.
As a further preferred mode of the present invention, in the third step, the blank is placed in an annealing furnace to perform spheroidizing annealing on the blank, and the spheroidizing rate is not less than 90%.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, in the third step, the blank is heated to 780-790 ℃ and then slowly cooled to 500-520 ℃ in the annealing furnace, and then taken out of the annealing furnace, wherein the spheroidizing annealing process is performed to reduce the deformation resistance of the subsequent cold extrusion, and the spheroidizing annealed material is very difficult to cut, and the structure is adjusted by normalizing treatment adopted in the subsequent process, so as to improve the cutting performance of the product.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, in the sixth step, the contact surface between the mold core and the mold sleeve is provided with a taper of 1 ° to 2 °.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the sixth step, the head of the ejector ring has a draft angle of 3 ° to 4 °, and the draft angle is used for facilitating demolding, reducing load and prolonging the service life of the mold.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the ninth step, the normalizing process includes heating the blank to 780-800 ℃, then preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and then air-cooling the blank after heat preservation to normal temperature. The purpose is to eliminate the former spheroidized structure
Has the advantages that: the forming process of the adjusting clamping sleeve obviously improves the material utilization rate, reduces the machining cost, saves energy and reduces consumption, and has very important significance for reducing the manufacturing cost of the disc brake and promoting the popularization of the disc brake in China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the formation of an adjustment ferrule;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the working state of the cold extrusion forming die;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the working state of the cold extrusion spline forming die;
fig. 4 is a full sectional view of the final product.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
As shown in the attached drawings, the forming process of the adjusting ferrule of the invention comprises the following steps: blanking, chamfering, spheroidizing annealing, shot blasting, leather membrane treatment, cold extrusion, intermediate machining, spline extrusion, heat treatment and finished product machining.
Example 1
The method comprises the following steps: discharging
Sawing and blanking the blank by using a circular saw to obtain a blank, wherein the weight error of the blank is +/-1 g;
step two: chamfering
Chamfering two end surfaces of the blank by a chamfering machine;
step three: spheroidizing annealing
Placing the blank after the chamfering procedure is finished into an annealing furnace to carry out spheroidizing annealing on the blank, placing the blank 2 into the annealing furnace to carry out spheroidizing annealing on the blank, wherein the spheroidizing rate of the spheroidizing annealing is more than or equal to 90 percent, the spheroidizing annealing is to heat the blank 2 to 780-790 ℃, slowly cool the blank to 500 ℃ in the annealing furnace and take the blank out of the annealing furnace, the spheroidizing annealing procedure aims to reduce the deformation resistance of subsequent cold extrusion, and the spheroidizing annealing material is very difficult to cut and combines with normalizing treatment adopted in the subsequent procedures to adjust the structure so as to improve the cutting performance of the product;
step four: shot blasting
Performing shot blasting treatment on the blanked blank by using a drum type shot blasting machine to remove oxide skin and attachments on the surface of the blank;
step five: treatment of skin
Performing leather membrane treatment on the blank subjected to shot blasting treatment;
step six: cold extrusion
Extruding the head of the blank into a step through a cold extrusion forming die and extruding the inner surface of the head of the blank into the step;
the cold extrusion forming die comprises: the die comprises a punch 1, a die core 3, a die sleeve 4, an ejection ring 5 and a lower ejector rod 6, wherein the die sleeve 4 is installed on the outer side of the die core 3 in a matched mode to form a lower die, the ejection ring 5 is sleeved on the outer side of the lower ejector rod 6 and then penetrates through the die core 3, the end part of a blank 2 is abutted against the ejection ring 5 and the lower ejector rod 6, the punch 1 is located above the blank 2, the contact surface of the die core 3 and the die sleeve 4 is provided with 1-degree taper, and the head part of the ejection ring 5 is provided with 3-degree drawing slope which is convenient for demoulding, reduces load and prolongs the service life of the die;
step seven: intermediate machining
Mounting the cold-extruded blank 2 on a lathe, turning an inner hole step, turning the blank 2 to the total length, and simultaneously turning the outer diameter of the blank 2 to ensure concentricity;
step eight: extruded spline
Extruding the spline shape on the inner surface of the blank 2 through a cold extrusion spline forming die;
the cold extrusion spline forming die comprises: upper punch 7, lower die core 9, lower die sleeve 10, annular liftout 11, lower punch 12, cushion 13, lower punch cover 14, base 15 and knockout pin 16, lower die sleeve 10 cover establish in the outside of lower die core 9, cushion 13, lower punch cover 14 and base 15 fasten in proper order and coaxial setting in the below of lower die core 9 and lower die sleeve 10, upper punch 7 wears to establish in lower die core 9 and offsets with the top of blank 2, lower punch 12 wears to establish in lower die cushion 13 and offsets with the inner wall of blank 2, overlaps and establishes the bottom of knockout pin 16 and blank 2 in the lower punch 12 outside and offsets.
Step nine: thermal treatment
Normalizing the blank 2 formed with the spline, and adjusting the structure of the blank to improve the cutting performance, wherein the normalizing is to heat the blank 2 to 780 ℃ and then preserve heat for 1h, and then air-cool the blank 2 after heat preservation to normal temperature, so as to eliminate the previous spheroidized structure;
step ten: machining of finished products
And machining the blank after the heat treatment to a limited size by a numerical control machining mode to obtain a final finished product.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps: discharging
Sawing and blanking the blank by using a circular saw to obtain a blank, wherein the weight error of the blank is +/-1 g;
step two: chamfering
Chamfering two end surfaces of the blank by a chamfering machine;
step three: spheroidizing annealing
Placing the blank after the chamfering procedure is finished into an annealing furnace to carry out spheroidizing annealing on the blank, placing the blank 2 into the annealing furnace to carry out spheroidizing annealing on the blank, wherein the spheroidizing rate of the spheroidizing annealing is more than or equal to 90 percent, the spheroidizing annealing is to heat the blank 2 to 785 ℃, slowly cool the blank to 510 ℃ in the annealing furnace and take the blank out of the annealing furnace, the spheroidizing annealing procedure aims to reduce the deformation resistance of subsequent cold extrusion, and the spheroidizing annealed material is very difficult to cut, and combines with normalizing treatment adopted in the subsequent procedure to adjust the structure, so that the cutting performance of the product is improved;
step four: shot blasting
Performing shot blasting treatment on the blanked blank by using a drum type shot blasting machine to remove oxide skin and attachments on the surface of the blank;
step five: treatment of skin
Performing leather membrane treatment on the blank subjected to shot blasting treatment;
step six: cold extrusion
Extruding the head of the blank into a step through a cold extrusion forming die and extruding the inner surface of the head of the blank into the step;
the cold extrusion forming die comprises: the die comprises a punch 1, a die core 3, a die sleeve 4, an ejection ring 5 and a lower ejector rod 6, wherein the die sleeve 4 is installed on the outer side of the die core 3 in a matched mode to form a lower die, the ejection ring 5 is sleeved on the outer side of the lower ejector rod 6 and then penetrates through the die core 3, the end part of a blank 2 is abutted against the ejection ring 5 and the lower ejector rod 6, the punch 1 is located above the blank 2, the contact surface of the die core 3 and the die sleeve 4 is provided with 1.5-degree taper, and the head part of the ejection ring 5 is provided with 3.5-degree die drawing inclination which is used for facilitating demoulding, reducing load and prolonging the service life of the die;
step seven: intermediate machining
Mounting the cold-extruded blank 2 on a lathe, turning an inner hole step, turning the blank 2 to the total length, and simultaneously turning the outer diameter of the blank 2 to ensure concentricity;
step eight: extruded spline
Extruding the spline shape on the inner surface of the blank 2 through a cold extrusion spline forming die;
the cold extrusion spline forming die comprises: upper punch 7, lower die core 9, lower die sleeve 10, annular liftout 11, lower punch 12, cushion 13, lower punch cover 14, base 15 and knockout pin 16, lower die sleeve 10 cover establish in the outside of lower die core 9, cushion 13, lower punch cover 14 and base 15 fasten in proper order and coaxial setting in the below of lower die core 9 and lower die sleeve 10, upper punch 7 wears to establish in lower die core 9 and offsets with the top of blank 2, lower punch 12 wears to establish in lower die cushion 13 and offsets with the inner wall of blank 2, overlaps and establishes the bottom of knockout pin 16 and blank 2 in the lower punch 12 outside and offsets.
Step nine: thermal treatment
Normalizing the blank 2 with the spline formed, and adjusting the structure of the blank to improve the cutting performance, wherein the normalizing is to heat the blank 2 to 790 ℃ and then preserve the heat for 1 to 2 hours, and then cool the blank 2 after heat preservation to the normal temperature in an air cooling way, so as to eliminate the previous spheroidized structure;
step ten: machining of finished products
And machining the blank after the heat treatment to a limited size by grinding to obtain a final finished product.
Example 3
The method comprises the following steps: discharging
Sawing and blanking the blank by using a circular saw to obtain a blank, wherein the weight error of the blank is +/-1 g;
step two: chamfering
Chamfering two end surfaces of the blank by a chamfering machine;
step three: spheroidizing annealing
Placing the blank after the chamfering procedure is finished into an annealing furnace to carry out spheroidizing annealing on the blank, placing the blank 2 into the annealing furnace to carry out spheroidizing annealing on the blank, wherein the spheroidizing rate of the spheroidizing annealing is more than or equal to 90 percent, the spheroidizing annealing is to heat the blank 2 to 790 ℃, slowly cool the blank to 520 ℃ in the annealing furnace and take the blank out of the annealing furnace, the spheroidizing annealing procedure aims to reduce the deformation resistance of subsequent cold extrusion, and the spheroidizing annealed material is very difficult to cut, and combines with normalizing treatment adopted in the subsequent procedure to adjust the structure, so that the cutting performance of the product is improved;
step four: shot blasting
Performing shot blasting treatment on the blanked blank by using a drum type shot blasting machine to remove oxide skin and attachments on the surface of the blank;
step five: treatment of skin
Performing leather membrane treatment on the blank subjected to shot blasting treatment;
step six: cold extrusion
Extruding the head of the blank into a step through a cold extrusion forming die and extruding the inner surface of the head of the blank into the step;
the cold extrusion forming die comprises: the die comprises a punch 1, a die core 3, a die sleeve 4, an ejection ring 5 and a lower ejector rod 6, wherein the die sleeve 4 is installed on the outer side of the die core 3 in a matched mode to form a lower die, the ejection ring 5 is sleeved on the outer side of the lower ejector rod 6 and then penetrates through the die core 3, the end part of a blank 2 abuts against the ejection ring 5 and the lower ejector rod 6, the punch 1 is located above the blank 2, the contact surface of the die core 3 and the die sleeve 4 is provided with 2-degree taper, and the head part of the ejection ring 5 is provided with 4-degree drawing slope which is convenient for demoulding, reduces load and prolongs the service life of the die;
step seven: intermediate machining
Mounting the cold-extruded blank 2 on a lathe, turning an inner hole step, turning the blank 2 to the total length, and simultaneously turning the outer diameter of the blank 2 to ensure concentricity;
step eight: extruded spline
Extruding the spline shape on the inner surface of the blank 2 through a cold extrusion spline forming die;
the cold extrusion spline forming die comprises: upper punch 7, lower die core 9, lower die sleeve 10, annular liftout 11, lower punch 12, cushion 13, lower punch cover 14, base 15 and knockout pin 16, lower die sleeve 10 cover establish in the outside of lower die core 9, cushion 13, lower punch cover 14 and base 15 fasten in proper order and coaxial setting in the below of lower die core 9 and lower die sleeve 10, upper punch 7 wears to establish in lower die core 9 and offsets with the top of blank 2, lower punch 12 wears to establish in lower die cushion 13 and offsets with the inner wall of blank 2, overlaps and establishes the bottom of knockout pin 16 and blank 2 in the lower punch 12 outside and offsets.
Step nine: thermal treatment
Normalizing the blank 2 formed with the spline, and adjusting the structure of the blank to improve the cutting performance, wherein the normalizing is to heat the blank 2 to 800 ℃ and then preserve heat for 2h, and then cool the blank 2 after heat preservation to normal temperature, so as to eliminate the previous spheroidized structure;
step ten: machining of finished products
And machining the blank after the heat treatment to a limited size by turning to obtain a final finished product.
Claims (7)
1. A forming process for adjusting a clamping sleeve is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: discharging
Sawing and blanking the blank by using a circular saw to obtain a blank (2);
step two: chamfering
Chamfering two end surfaces of the blank (2) by a chamfering machine;
step three: spheroidizing annealing
Placing the blank (2) after the chamfering procedure is finished into an annealing furnace to carry out spheroidizing annealing on the blank;
step four: shot blasting
Shot blasting treatment is carried out on the blanked blank (2) by adopting a drum type shot blasting machine;
step five: treatment of skin
Performing leather membrane treatment on the blank (2) subjected to shot blasting treatment;
step six: cold extrusion
Extruding the head of the blank (2) into a step through a cold extrusion forming die and extruding the inner surface of the blank in the step;
the cold extrusion forming die comprises: the stamping die comprises a punch (1), a die core (3), a die sleeve (4), an ejection ring (5) and a lower ejector rod (6), wherein the die sleeve (4) is installed on the outer side of the die core (3) in a matching mode to form a lower die, the ejection ring (5) is sleeved on the outer side of the lower ejector rod (6) and then penetrates through the die core (3), the end part of a blank (2) is abutted against the ejection ring (5) and the lower ejector rod (6), and the punch (1) is located above the blank (2);
step seven: intermediate machining
Mounting the cold-extruded blank (2) on a lathe, turning an inner hole step, turning the blank (2) to the total length, and simultaneously turning the outer diameter of the blank (2) to ensure concentricity;
step eight: extruded spline
Extruding the spline shape on the inner surface of the blank (2) by a cold extrusion spline forming die;
the cold extrusion spline forming die comprises: go up drift (7), lower die core (9), lower die sleeve (10), annular liftout (11), lower drift (12), cushion (13), lower drift cover (14), base (15) and knock-out rod (16), lower die sleeve (10) cover establish in the outside of lower die core (9), cushion (13), lower drift cover (14) and base (15) fasten in proper order and coaxial setting in the below of lower die core (9) and lower die sleeve (10), go up drift (7) wear to establish in lower die core (9) and offset with the top of blank (2), lower drift (12) wear to establish in lower die cushion (13) and offset with the inner wall of blank (2), the cover is established and is offset with the bottom of blank (2) in knock-out rod (16) in the lower drift (12) outside.
Step nine: thermal treatment
Normalizing the blank (2) for forming the spline, and adjusting the structure of the blank to improve the cutting performance;
step ten: machining of finished products
And machining the heat-treated blank to a defined size by a machining mode to obtain a final finished product.
2. The forming process of the adjusting ferrule as defined in claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the weight error of the blank is +/-1 g.
3. The forming process of the adjusting ferrule as defined in claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the blank (2) is put into an annealing furnace to carry out spheroidizing annealing on the blank, and the spheroidizing rate is more than or equal to 90 percent.
4. The forming process of the adjusting ferrule as defined in claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the spheroidizing annealing is to heat the blank (2) to 780-790 ℃, slowly cool the blank to 500-520 ℃ in an annealing furnace and take the blank out of the annealing furnace.
5. The forming process of the adjusting ferrule as defined in claim 1, wherein: in the sixth step, the contact surface of the mold core (3) and the mold sleeve (4) is provided with 1-2 degrees of taper.
6. The forming process of the adjusting ferrule as defined in claim 1, wherein: in the sixth step, the head of the ejection ring (5) is provided with a draft angle of 3-4 degrees.
7. The forming process of the adjusting ferrule as defined in claim 1, wherein: in the ninth step, the normalizing treatment is to heat the blank (2) to 780-800 ℃, then preserve heat for 1-2 h, and then cool the blank (2) after heat preservation to normal temperature by air.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111100762.5A CN113843587A (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Forming process of adjusting clamp sleeve |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111100762.5A CN113843587A (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Forming process of adjusting clamp sleeve |
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| CN113843587A true CN113843587A (en) | 2021-12-28 |
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| CN202111100762.5A Pending CN113843587A (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Forming process of adjusting clamp sleeve |
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| CN108672631A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-10-19 | 太仓久信精密模具股份有限公司 | Hexagonal cold-extrusion shaping mold and application in a kind of synchronous pulley |
| CN111644824A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-09-11 | 重庆文理学院 | Manufacturing method of transmission sleeve with two-section involute tooth-shaped internal spline |
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2021
- 2021-09-18 CN CN202111100762.5A patent/CN113843587A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070240480A1 (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2007-10-18 | Kim Young S | Method of net-forming an article and apparatus for same |
| CN201020484Y (en) * | 2007-04-09 | 2008-02-13 | 郑州机械研究所 | Precision forming die for deep hole inner spline |
| CN102335810A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-02-01 | 江苏森威精锻有限公司 | Method for forming precise slender internal spline tube |
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