CN113843268A - Separation device and separation method for karst farmland soil micro-plastic - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a separating device and a separating method for soil micro-plastics in karst farmland, relates to the technical field of micro-plastic separation, and aims to solve the problems that soil aggregates cannot be broken effectively to loosen soil when soil micro-plastics are separated in the prior art, meanwhile, in the separating process, much soil is rich in a large amount of hard impurities such as gravels, stones, iron blocks and the like, the soil is in a block shape, and the micro-plastics in the block soil cannot be filtered out, so that the filtering and separating efficiency of the micro-plastics is reduced, and the normal work of the separating device is influenced due to the fact that the separating device is blocked or damaged. The multi-stage screening device is characterized in that a water body tank is fixedly mounted below the stage separator, a drying box is fixedly mounted on one side of the water body tank, a floating soil separator is fixedly mounted below the drying box, a communicating pipe is arranged between the screening box and the stage separator, and a micropore multi-path screening device is fixedly mounted inside the screening box.

Description

Separation device and separation method for karst farmland soil micro-plastic

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of micro-plastic separation, in particular to a separating device and a separating method for karst farmland soil micro-plastic.

Background

The cultivated land is the root of agricultural development, is a carrier of grain production, is a material basis on which human beings live and develop, is extremely deficient in cultivated land resources in karst regions, is insufficient in reserve resources, and gradually reduces the quantity and quality of cultivated land. The plastic products are widely applied to agricultural production practice, so that a large amount of micro-plastics in farmland soil are accumulated, the soil health and the human development are greatly damaged, currently, the focus of attention on micro-plastic pollution is mainly focused on the aspect of water environment, and relatively few research and separation devices are required for the current situation of micro-plastic pollution of land, especially the micro-plastic pollution of the farmland soil in karst regions.

The karst is a special landform, a fragile ecosystem is formed by the erosion and the sedimentation of soluble rocks caused by underground water and surface water through the actions of erosion, gravity collapse, accumulation and the like, along with the rapid development of society and economy, a large amount of plastics are discarded in the farmland soil, the plastics are gradually decomposed into micro plastics which are distributed in the soil to cause the pollution of the soil, meanwhile, the micro plastics cause the health risk of human bodies through the enrichment action of food chains, the karst area has high rock exposure rate and high gravel content, the ground surface is rugged, the landform is complicated and various, and the micro plastics gradually form smaller nano plastics through the long-term physical and chemical actions of mechanical abrasion, illumination, high temperature and the like in artificial cultivation and environment. Because of small particle size, the feed is easy to be ingested by soil animals such as earthworms, snails, grubs and the like, and the health of the soil animals is threatened; on the other hand, micro-plastics can adsorb enriched pollutants (such as organic matters, heavy metals and the like), and form ecological risks.

The karst soil ecological composition is relatively complex, the influence factors are more, the research on micro-plastics is relatively small, especially the separation and detection effects of the micro-plastics in the cultivated land soil are not obvious, the accumulation of the micro-plastics in the cultivated land soil is easily caused due to the existence of cracks and fissures in a karst cultivation ecological system, the micro-plastics pollution in the cultivated land soil is separated and treated, the farmland quality safety is improved and is not slow, at present, when the soil micro-plastics are separated, soil aggregate cannot be effectively broken to loosen the soil, the micro-plastics are rapidly filtered, meanwhile, the exposed rock rate in a karst region is high, the content of the gravels is high, the soil is rich in a large amount of hard sundries such as the gravels, stones, iron blocks and the like, the soil is blocky, the filtering device is easily blocked, and the micro-plastics in the blocky soil cannot be filtered out, so that the filtering and separation efficiency of the micro-plastics is reduced, the separation device is blocked or damaged, and the normal work of the separation device is influenced; therefore, the development of a device and a method for separating the micro-plastics in the cultivated land soil, which are suitable for the karst region, is urgently needed to help people solve the existing problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a karst farmland soil micro-plastic separation device and a separation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a separator of karst arable soil micro-plastic, includes screening case and level separator, the below fixed mounting of level separator has the water case, one side fixed mounting of water case has the drying cabinet, the below fixed mounting of drying cabinet has the soil flotation separator, be provided with communicating pipe between screening case and the level separator, the inside fixed mounting of screening case has micropore multipath screening ware, one side fixed mounting of micropore multipath screening ware has first row of miscellaneous pipe, and just first row of miscellaneous pipe wears out the inside of screening case, the opposite side fixed mounting of micropore multipath screening ware has defeated pipe down, the inside of screening case is provided with soaks the chamber, the inside in soaks the chamber is provided with the groove seat, a separation net section of thick bamboo is installed to the top of groove seat, and the groove seat rotates with a separation net section of thick bamboo to be connected.

Preferably, the inside fixed mounting of groove seat has first motor, one side of first motor is provided with the miscellaneous pipe of second row, and the miscellaneous pipe intercommunication of the inside and the first row of wearing out the screening case of second row, the top of screening case is provided with the top cap, one side fixed mounting of level separator has the second motor, the internally mounted of level separator has the lead screw, and level separator rotates with the lead screw to be connected, the outside of lead screw is provided with the sliding block, and lead screw and sliding block sliding connection, the below fixed mounting of sliding block has the pouring jacket.

Preferably, the inside fixed mounting of pouring jacket has the fourth motor, the inside of pouring jacket is provided with the elevator, and the elevator wears out the inside of pouring jacket, the inside of elevator is provided with first screw rod, and elevator and first screw rod threaded connection, the inside of elevator is worn out to first screw rod, the below fixed mounting of elevator has the block to mould the board, the inside fixed mounting of level separator has the fixed plate, the below of fixed plate is provided with soft cloth, the inside of level separator is provided with the guide plate along the below of soft cloth, and guide plate and level separator fixed connection.

Preferably, the inside of level separator is provided with defeated mud case along the below of guide plate, and defeated mud case wears out the inside of level separator, the internally mounted of defeated mud case has defeated mud subassembly, and defeated mud case rotates with defeated mud subassembly to be connected, one side fixed mounting of defeated mud case has the third motor, one side fixed mounting of level separator has deposits and moulds the case, and deposits and mould the inside that the case wore into level separator, the top of depositing and moulding the case is provided with clearly moulds the mouth, deposit one side fixed mounting who moulds the case and have water filter plate, the top of crossing the water filter plate is provided with the limbers, level separator's inside is provided with level sensor along one side of depositing and moulding the case, and level sensor and level separator fixed connection.

Preferably, the inside of drying cabinet is provided with input chamber and drying chamber respectively, the inside in input chamber is provided with the input solenoid valve, the inside in drying chamber is provided with the compression roller, and the compression roller rotates with the drying cabinet to be connected, one side of compression roller is provided with accurate control by temperature change heater, the below of accurate control by temperature change heater is provided with crosses the water conveyer belt, the inboard of crossing the water conveyer belt is provided with the second conveying roller, and crosses the water conveyer belt and rotate with the second conveying roller to be connected, the second conveying roller rotates with the drying cabinet to be connected.

Preferably, one side of second conveying roller is provided with the water collecting bucket, and water collecting bucket and drying cabinet fixed connection, the below fixed mounting of water collecting bucket has the strainer, the top of water collecting bucket is provided with the bearing plate, and bearing plate and drying cabinet fixed connection, one side of water collecting bucket is provided with first conveying roller, and first conveying roller rotates with the drying cabinet to be connected, first conveying roller rotates with crossing the water conveyer belt to be connected, the below of drying cabinet is provided with the mud discharging mouth.

Preferably, the inside fixed mounting of water tank has the storage water tank, the top fixed mounting of storage water tank has first influx, one side fixed mounting of first influx has first water pump, one side fixed mounting of first water pump has the delivery pipe, and the delivery pipe wear out the inside of water tank and with screening case fixed connection, the top fixed mounting of storage water tank has the inlet tube, one side fixed mounting of storage water tank has the overflow pipe, and the overflow pipe wear out the inside of water tank and with hierarchy separator fixed connection, one side fixed mounting of storage water tank has the second influx.

Preferably, the below fixed mounting of second inflow pipe has the second water pump, the below fixed mounting of second water pump has the wet return, and the wet return wears out the inside of water tank, the inside fixed mounting of soil flotation separator has interior jacket case, the inside of interior jacket case is provided with the disengagement chamber, the both sides of disengagement chamber all are provided with presses the briquetting, press one side fixed mounting of briquetting to have the drainage membrane, press the opposite side fixed mounting of briquetting to have the translation piece, the internally mounted of translation piece has the second screw rod, and translation piece and second screw rod threaded connection.

Preferably, a discharge plate is arranged below the pressing block, a third screw is arranged inside the discharge plate, the discharge plate is in threaded connection with the third screw, a fifth motor and a sixth motor are respectively and fixedly arranged inside the floating soil separator, a sealing ring is fixedly arranged above the pressing block, and a water passing cavity and a water flowing channel are respectively arranged inside the pressing block.

A separation method of a karst farmland soil micro-plastic separation device comprises the following steps:

s1: pouring soil into a screening box, starting a microporous multi-path screening device to work for 15-25min, setting the vibration frequency at 2500-;

s2: driving the separation net barrel to rotate for 15-25min, setting the rotation speed at 1500-;

s3: inputting the mixed water body of soil and water in the screening box into a hierarchical separator, adjusting the water level in the hierarchical separator to keep the water level at 1/2 of the height of a water opening, standing for 15-35min to separate the components of the mixed water body, enabling the soil to sink to the bottom, and floating the micro plastic on the water surface under the action of buoyancy;

s4: then the isolated plastic blocking plate is driven to move from the right side to the left side in the hierarchical separator in a directional mode, so that the micro plastic on the water surface moves leftwards and is blocked into the plastic storage box;

s5: then the mud conveying assembly is driven to rotate directionally, soil at the bottom of the hierarchical separator is conveyed into the drying box, the water level in the hierarchical separator is lowered, and then micro plastic in the plastic storage box is cleaned under the action of the plastic cleaning port;

s6: the soil flows to the surface of the water passing conveying belt, the water passing conveying belt is driven to rotate, the rotating speed is set to be 3-5r/min, the soil is conveyed rightwards, water in the soil falls into the water collecting hopper through the water passing conveying belt, the accurate temperature control heater is electrified, the temperature is increased to 105-;

s7: the water collecting hopper water passes through the strainer and inputs the separation intracavity, and the drive both sides are pressed the briquetting relative movement, to the extrusion of water, and the water permeates the drainage membrane and flows out, makes remaining fine soil in the water be stayed the separation intracavity, drives the discharge plate again and removes, discharges soil.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention is characterized in that a micropore multipath screening device and a separation net cylinder are arranged in the screening box, when the micro-plastic is separated, the micropore multipath screening device can remove large hard impurities such as gravel, stone, iron blocks and the like in soil when the soil micro-plastic is separated, then water is injected into a wetting cavity of the screening box, agglomerated soil in the soil treated by a hierarchical separator in the separation net cylinder is wetted and loosened, then the separation net cylinder rotates to generate centrifugal force, the wetted and loosened soil flows out from the separation net cylinder, small particle gravel, stone and iron block impurities in the soil are retained in the separation net cylinder, so that the hard impurities such as stone, iron blocks and the like in the soil are removed, the separation device is prevented from being blocked, the protection capability of the separation device is increased, the soil is wetted and loosened, and the micro-plastic in the soil can float out, the separation capacity of the micro plastic is improved.

2. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the hierarchical separator, the plastic blocking plate capable of moving left and right is arranged in the hierarchical separator, the mixed liquid of soil and water is conveyed into the hierarchical separator, so that micro plastic in the soil can float on the water surface, through the movement of the plastic blocking plate, the floating micro plastic moves towards one side in the hierarchical separator, and the plastic storage box is arranged in the hierarchical separator, the micro plastic blocked by the plastic blocking plate can enter the plastic storage box through the water inlet of the plastic storage box, and then through the reduction of the water level, the micro plastic is left in the plastic storage box, so that the micro plastic in the soil can be separated and removed, and the pollution to the soil is reduced.

3. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the drying box, the accurate temperature control heater is arranged in the drying box, the discharged soaked soil can be dried, the moisture in the soil can be removed, meanwhile, the water passing conveyor belt arranged in the drying box can be used for water seepage, and when the soaked soil is conveyed, the water in the soaked soil can also permeate the water passing conveyor belt to be discharged, so that the capability of removing the water in the soil is increased.

4. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the floating soil separator, the inner sleeve box is arranged in the floating soil separator, the inner sleeve box is internally provided with the pressing blocks with two movable surfaces, and the water flowing out of the soaked soil is input into the separation cavity of the inner sleeve box, so that the pure water flows out through the water filtering membrane under the pressing of the pressing blocks on the two surfaces, and the residual micro soil in the water is separated out, thereby reducing the loss of the soil.

5. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the water storage tank, the overflow pipe and the water return pipe, the water storage tank can provide water for the micro-plastic separation process, and the arrangement of the overflow pipe and the water return pipe enables the water used in the micro-plastic separation process to flow back into the water storage tank, so that the recycling capacity of the water is improved, and the waste of water resources is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a karst region soil micro-plastic separation device of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the screening box of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a level separator of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of portion A of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the drying box of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of a water body tank of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the soil skimmer of the invention;

fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the portion B of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. screening the box; 2. a first impurity discharging pipe; 3. a hierarchical separator; 4. a communicating pipe; 5. an overflow pipe; 6. a water body tank; 7. a water inlet pipe; 8. a water supply pipe; 9. a water return pipe; 10. a mud conveying box; 11. a drying oven; 12. a water filter pipe; 13. a soil floatation separator; 14. a top cover; 15. a microporous multi-path screen; 16. a lower conveying pipe; 17. separating the mesh drum; 18. a soaking cavity; 19. a slot seat; 20. a first motor; 21. a second impurity discharge pipe; 22. a screw rod; 23. a slider; 24. a second motor; 25. sleeving a box; 26. a fixing plate; 27. blocking the plastic plate; 28. soft cloth; 29. storing a plastic box; 30. cleaning a plastic opening; 31. a water level sensor; 32. a water inlet; 33. a water passing filter plate; 34. a baffle; 35. a mud conveying assembly; 36. a third motor; 37. a fourth motor; 38. a first screw; 39. a lifting block; 40. inputting an electromagnetic valve; 41. an input chamber; 42. a drying chamber; 43. a compression roller; 44. a precise temperature control heater; 45. a water passing conveyer belt; 46. a first conveying roller; 47. a pressure bearing plate; 48. a water collecting hopper; 49. a second conveying roller; 50. a sludge discharge port; 51. a water storage tank; 52. a first inflow pipe; 53. a first water pump; 54. a second inflow pipe; 55. a second water pump; 56. an inner jacket box; 57. a translation block; 58. a second screw; 59. a fifth motor; 60. a sixth motor; 61. a third screw; 62. a discharge plate; 63. a separation chamber; 64. a pressing block; 65. a water filtration membrane; 66. a seal ring; 67. a water passing cavity; 68. a water flowing channel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-8, an embodiment of the present invention: a karst farmland soil micro-plastic separation device comprises a screening box 1 and a level separator 3, wherein a water body box 6 is fixedly arranged below the level separator 3, a drying box 11 is fixedly arranged on one side of the water body box 6, a soil flotation separator 13 is fixedly arranged below the drying box 11, a communicating pipe 4 is arranged between the screening box 1 and the level separator 3, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the communicating pipe 4, a microporous multi-path screening device 15 is fixedly arranged in the screening box 1, the microporous multi-path screening device 15 is a vibrating screening device, a first impurity discharging pipe 2 is fixedly arranged on one side of the microporous multi-path screening device 15, the first impurity discharging pipe 2 penetrates out of the screening box 1, a lower conveying pipe 16 is fixedly arranged on the other side of the microporous multi-path screening device 15, a soaking cavity 18 is arranged in the screening box 1, a groove seat 19 is arranged in the soaking cavity 18, a separation net barrel 17 is arranged above the groove seat 19, and the groove seat 19 rotates with a separation net section of thick bamboo 17 to be connected, the diameter of a separation net section of thick bamboo 17 is greater than 5mm and is less than 10mm, make little plastics can pass a separation net section of thick bamboo 17, the inside fixed mounting of groove seat 19 has first motor 20, one side of first motor 20 is provided with miscellaneous pipe 21 of second row, and miscellaneous pipe 21 of second row wears out the inside and the first miscellaneous pipe 2 intercommunication of row of screening case 1, the top of screening case 1 is provided with top cap 14, soak chamber 18 and a separation net section of thick bamboo 17's setting, can make the moist dispersion of soil, prevent the soil caking, inside little plastics can't come out, the separation ability to little plastics has been improved.

Further, a second motor 24 is fixedly installed on one side of the level separator 3, a lead screw 22 is installed inside the level separator 3, the level separator 3 is rotatably connected with the lead screw 22, the lead screw 22 is made of high-strength steel, the surface hardness is improved, the abrasion loss is reduced, a sliding block 23 is arranged on the outer side of the lead screw 22, the lead screw 22 is slidably connected with the sliding block 23, a sleeve 25 is fixedly installed below the sliding block 23, a fourth motor 37 is fixedly installed inside the sleeve 25, the fourth motor 37 is rotatably connected with the lead screw 22, a lifting block 39 is arranged inside the sleeve 25, the lifting block 39 penetrates through the sleeve 25, a first screw 38 is arranged inside the lifting block 39, the lifting block 39 is in threaded connection with the first screw 38, the first screw 38 penetrates through the lifting block 39, a plastic blocking plate 27 is fixedly installed below the lifting block 39, a fixing plate 26 is fixedly installed inside the level separator 3, the soft cloth 28 is arranged below the fixed plate 26, the soft cloth 28 is arranged to prevent water splash in the level separator 3 caused by soil wetting during input, the guide plate 34 is arranged inside the level separator 3 along the lower part of the soft cloth 28, the guide plate 34 is fixedly connected with the level separator 3, the sludge conveying tank 10 is arranged inside the level separator 3 along the lower part of the guide plate 34, the sludge conveying tank 10 penetrates out of the level separator 3, the sludge conveying component 35 is arranged inside the sludge conveying tank 10, the sludge conveying tank 10 is rotatably connected with the sludge conveying component 35, the third motor 36 is fixedly arranged on one side of the sludge conveying tank 10, the plastic storage tank 29 is fixedly arranged on one side of the level separator 3, the plastic storage tank 29 penetrates into the level separator 3, the plastic cleaning port 30 is arranged above the plastic storage tank 29, the water passing port 33 is fixedly arranged on one side of the plastic storage tank 29, and the water passing port 32 is arranged above the filter plate 33, the inside of level separator 3 is provided with level sensor 31 along depositing one side of moulding case 29, and level sensor 31 and level separator 3 fixed connection, and the setting of level sensor 31 can respond to the water level in the level separator 3 to can adjust the water level in the level separator 3.

Further, an input cavity 41 and a drying cavity 42 are respectively arranged inside the drying box 11, an input electromagnetic valve 40 is arranged inside the input cavity 41, a press roller 43 is arranged inside the drying cavity 42, the press roller 43 is rotatably connected with the drying box 11, the press roller 43 is arranged to press soil into a shallow layer and flatly spread on a water passing conveyer belt 45, which is beneficial to drying the soil, an accurate temperature control heater 44 is arranged on one side of the press roller 43, the water passing conveyer belt 45 is arranged below the accurate temperature control heater 44, a second conveyer roller 49 is arranged on the inner side of the water passing conveyer belt 45, the water passing conveyer belt 45 is rotatably connected with the second conveyer roller 49, the second conveyer roller 49 is rotatably connected with the drying box 11, a water collecting hopper 48 is arranged on one side of the second conveyer roller 49, the water collecting hopper 48 is fixedly connected with the drying box 11, a water filtering pipe 12 is fixedly arranged below the water collecting hopper 48, the water filtering pipe 12 is communicated with a separation cavity 63 of the floating soil separator 13, the water filtering pipe 12 is provided with an electromagnetic valve, a bearing plate 47 is arranged above the water collecting hopper 48, the bearing plate 47 is fixedly connected with the drying box 11, one side of the water collecting hopper 48 is provided with a first conveying roller 46, the first conveying roller 46 is rotatably connected with the drying box 11, the first conveying roller 46 is rotatably connected with a water passing conveying belt 45, a sludge discharge port 50 is arranged below the drying box 11, a water storage tank 51 is fixedly arranged inside the water tank 6, a first inflow pipe 52 is fixedly arranged above the water storage tank 51, a first water pump 53 is fixedly arranged on one side of the first inflow pipe 52, a water supply pipe 8 is fixedly arranged on one side of the first water pump 53, the water supply pipe 8 penetrates out of the water tank 6 and is fixedly connected with the screening box 1, the water supply pipe 8 is communicated with the soaking cavity 18, a water inlet pipe 7 is fixedly arranged above the water storage tank 51, a water supply device is externally connected with the water inlet pipe 7, an overflow pipe 5 is fixedly arranged on one side of the water storage tank 51, the overflow pipe 5 penetrates through the inside of the water body tank 6 and is fixedly connected with the level separator 3, one side of the water storage tank 51 is fixedly provided with a second inflow pipe 54, a second water pump 55 is fixedly arranged below the second inflow pipe 54, a return pipe 9 is fixedly arranged below the second water pump 55, the return pipe 9 penetrates through the inside of the water body tank 6, an inner sleeve tank 56 is fixedly arranged inside the floating soil separator 13, a separation cavity 63 is arranged inside the inner sleeve tank 56, pressing blocks 64 are arranged on two sides of the separation cavity 63, a water filtering film 65 is fixedly arranged on one side of each pressing block 64, a translation block 57 is fixedly arranged on the other side of each pressing block 64, a second screw rod 58 is arranged inside each translation block 57, the translation block 57 is in threaded connection with the second screw rod 58, a discharge plate 62 is arranged below the pressing block 64, a third screw rod 61 is arranged inside each discharge plate 62, and the discharge plate 62 is in threaded connection with the third screw rod 61, the fifth motor 59 and the sixth motor 60 are respectively and fixedly installed inside the floating soil separator 13, the sealing ring 66 is fixedly installed above the pressing block 64, the water passing cavity 67 and the water flowing channel 68 are respectively arranged inside the pressing block 64, and the pressing block 64 is fixedly connected with the water return pipe 9, so that the water body passing through the water passing cavity 67 can flow out through the water return pipe 9.

A separation method of a karst farmland soil micro-plastic separation device comprises the following steps:

s1: pouring soil into the screening box 1, starting the microporous multi-path screening device 15 to work for 15-25min, setting the vibration frequency at 2500-;

s2: the separation net cylinder 17 is driven to rotate for 15-25min, the rotation speed is set to be 1500-;

s3: inputting the mixed water body of soil and water in the screening box 1 into a level separator 3, adjusting the water level in the level separator 3 to keep the water level at 1/2 of the height of a water opening 32, standing for 15-35min to separate the components of the mixed water body, wherein the soil sinks to the bottom, and the micro plastic floats on the water surface under the action of buoyancy;

s4: then the isolated plastic blocking plate 27 is driven to move from the right side to the left side in the hierarchical separator 3 in a directional manner, so that the micro plastic on the water surface moves leftwards and is blocked into the plastic storage box 29;

s5: then the mud conveying component 35 is driven to rotate directionally, soil at the bottom of the hierarchical separator 3 is conveyed into the drying box 11, the water level in the hierarchical separator 3 is reduced, and then micro plastic in the plastic storage box 29 is cleaned under the action of the plastic cleaning port 30;

s6: the soil flows to the surface of the water passing conveying belt 45, the water passing conveying belt 45 is driven to rotate, the rotating speed is set to be 3-5r/min, the soil is conveyed rightwards, water in the soil falls into the water collecting hopper 48 through the water passing conveying belt 45, the precise temperature control heater 44 is electrified, the temperature is increased to 105 degrees and 120 degrees, the water in the soil is removed, and then the dried soil is discharged from the sludge discharge port 50;

s7: the water of the water collecting hopper 48 is input into the separation cavity 63 through the water filter pipe 12, the two pressing blocks 64 are driven to move relatively, the water is extruded, the water permeates through the water filter membrane 65 and flows out, so that residual fine soil in the water is left in the separation cavity 63, and then the discharge plate 62 is driven to move to discharge the soil.

The working principle is as follows: when in use, the top cover 14 is opened, soil is poured into the microporous multi-path screening device 15, the microporous multi-path screening device 15 is started to work for 15-25min, the vibration frequency is set to 2500-, the soil which is soaked and loosened flows out of the separation net cylinder 17, small particle impurities in the soil are blocked in the separation net cylinder 17 and are discharged into the first impurity discharging pipe 2 through the second impurity discharging pipe 21, then the electromagnetic valve on the communicating pipe 4 is opened, the mixed water body of the soil and the water body in the screening box 1 is led into the hierarchical separator 3, splash in the hierarchical separator 3 is prevented under the action of the soft cloth 28, the mixed water body in the cavity 18 to be soaked completely flows into the hierarchical separator 3, the water level in the hierarchical separator 3 is sensed through the action of the water level sensor 31, when the water level is higher than the top surface of the plastic storage box 29, the electromagnetic valve on the overflow pipe 5 is opened, water flows out of the overflow pipe 5, when the water level is lower than the water through opening 32 of the plastic storage box 29, the first water pump 53 is started to send the water into the screening box 1, the water is sent into the hierarchical separator 3 through the communicating pipe 4, and the water level 1/2 at the height of the water through opening 32 is kept, then standing for 15-35min to separate the components in the mixed water body, the soil sinks to the bottom, the micro plastic floats on the water surface under the action of buoyancy, the fourth motor 37 is started, the first screw 38 rotates, the lifting block 39 drives the plastic blocking plate 27 to move downwards, so that the plastic blocking plate 27 is inserted into the water, the second motor 24 is started, the screw 22 rotates, the sliding block 23 drives the sleeve box 25 to move leftwards, so that the isolated plastic blocking plate 27 is driven to move leftwards from the right side to the left side in the hierarchical separator 3 in a directional manner, the micro plastic on the water surface moves leftwards under the action of the plastic blocking plate 27 until the plastic blocking plate 27 is in contact with the left side surface of the plastic storage box 29, the micro plastic is blocked in the plastic storage box 29, the third motor 36 is started to enable the mud conveying assembly 35 to rotate, the soil at the bottom of the hierarchical separator 3 is conveyed into the input cavity 41 of the drying box 11 to lower the hierarchical separator 3, then, the micro plastic in the plastic storage box 29 is cleaned under the action of the plastic cleaning port 30, the input electromagnetic valve 40 is opened to enable the soil to flow to the surface of the water passing conveying belt 45, the driving motor on the front end face of the drying box 11 is started, the pressing roller 43 and the second conveying roller 49 are rotated, the water passing conveying belt 45 is rotated at the rotating speed of 3-5r/min, the soil is conveyed rightwards, the soil is rolled into a shallow layer and paved on the surface of the water passing conveying belt 45 under the action of the pressing roller 43, the water in the soil falls into the water collecting hopper 48 through the water passing conveying belt 45 under the rolling action of the pressing roller 43, the precise temperature control heater 44 is electrified to be heated to 105-120 ℃, the moisture in the soil is removed, then the dried soil is discharged from the mud discharging port 50 under the rotation of the water passing conveying belt 45, the water in the water collecting hopper 48 is input into the separation cavity 63 through the water filtering pipe 12, the fifth motor 59 is started, the second screw 58 rotates, the translation block 57 drives the pressing block 64 to move, the water in the separation cavity 63 is extruded by the two pressing blocks 64, the water permeates the water filtering membrane 65, flows into the water passing cavity 67 through the water flowing channel 68, and is discharged through the water return pipe 9, so that the residual fine soil in the water is left in the separation cavity 63, and the sixth motor 60 is started, so that the discharge plate 62 moves, and the soil is discharged.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a separator of karst arable land soil micro-plastic, includes screening case (1) and level separator (3), its characterized in that: the device comprises a water tank (6) and a water screening box (2), wherein the water tank (6) is fixedly arranged below the hierarchical separator (3), a drying box (11) is fixedly arranged on one side of the water tank (6), a soil flotation separator (13) is fixedly arranged below the drying box (11), a communicating pipe (4) is arranged between the screening box (1) and the hierarchical separator (3), a micropore multipath screening device (15) is fixedly arranged inside the screening box (1), a first impurity discharging pipe (2) is fixedly arranged on one side of the micropore multipath screening device (15), the first impurity discharging pipe (2) penetrates out of the screening box (1), a lower conveying pipe (16) is fixedly arranged on the other side of the micropore multipath screening device (15), a soaking cavity (18) is arranged inside the screening box (1), a groove seat (19) is arranged inside the soaking cavity (18), a separation net barrel (17) is arranged above the groove seat (19), and the groove seat (19) is rotationally connected with the separation net drum (17).

2. The device for separating the soil micro-plastics in the karst regions according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: the inside fixed mounting of groove seat (19) has first motor (20), one side of first motor (20) is provided with the second and arranges miscellaneous pipe (21), and the second arranges miscellaneous pipe (21) and wears out the inside and the first miscellaneous pipe (2) intercommunication of arranging of screening case (1), the top of screening case (1) is provided with top cap (14), one side fixed mounting of level separator (3) has second motor (24), the internally mounted of level separator (3) has lead screw (22), and level separator (3) rotate with lead screw (22) and be connected, the outside of lead screw (22) is provided with sliding block (23), and lead screw (22) and sliding block (23) sliding connection, the below fixed mounting of sliding block (23) has suit case (25).

3. The device for separating the soil micro-plastics in the karst regions as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inside fixed mounting of pouring jacket (25) has fourth motor (37), the inside of pouring jacket (25) is provided with elevator (39), and elevator (39) wear out the inside of pouring jacket (25), the inside of elevator (39) is provided with first screw rod (38), and elevator (39) and first screw rod (38) threaded connection, the inside of elevator (39) is worn out in first screw rod (38), the below fixed mounting of elevator (39) has the block to mould board (27), the inside fixed mounting of level separator (3) has fixed plate (26), the below of fixed plate (26) is provided with soft cloth (28), the inside of level separator (3) is provided with guide plate (34) along the below of soft cloth (28), and guide plate (34) and level separator (3) fixed connection.

4. The device for separating the soil micro-plastics in the karst regions according to the claim 3, is characterized in that: the inside of level separator (3) is provided with defeated mud case (10) along the below of guide plate (34), and defeated mud case (10) wears out the inside of level separator (3), the internally mounted of defeated mud case (10) has defeated mud subassembly (35), and defeated mud case (10) and defeated mud subassembly (35) rotate and be connected, one side fixed mounting of defeated mud case (10) has third motor (36), one side fixed mounting of level separator (3) has deposits and moulds case (29), and deposits and moulds the inside that case (29) penetrated level separator (3), it moulds mouthful (30) clearly to deposit the top of moulding case (29), one side fixed mounting who deposits and moulds case (29) has water filter plate (33), the top that crosses water filter plate (33) is provided with leads to water mouth (32), the inside of level separator (3) is provided with water level sensor (31) along one side that deposits and moulds case (29), and the water level sensor (31) is fixedly connected with the level separator (3).

5. The device for separating the soil micro-plastics in the karst regions according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: the inside of drying cabinet (11) is provided with input chamber (41) and drying chamber (42) respectively, the inside of input chamber (41) is provided with input solenoid valve (40), the inside of drying chamber (42) is provided with compression roller (43), and compression roller (43) rotate with drying cabinet (11) and be connected, one side of compression roller (43) is provided with accurate temperature control heater (44), the below of accurate temperature control heater (44) is provided with water conveyer belt (45), the inboard of crossing water conveyer belt (45) is provided with second conveying roller (49), and crosses water conveyer belt (45) and rotate with second conveying roller (49) and be connected, second conveying roller (49) rotate with drying cabinet (11) and be connected.

6. The device for separating the soil micro-plastics in the karst regions according to the claim 5, is characterized in that: one side of second conveying roller (49) is provided with water collecting bucket (48), and water collecting bucket (48) and drying cabinet (11) fixed connection, the below fixed mounting of water collecting bucket (48) has strainer (12), the top of water collecting bucket (48) is provided with pressure-bearing plate (47), and pressure-bearing plate (47) and drying cabinet (11) fixed connection, one side of water collecting bucket (48) is provided with first conveying roller (46), and just first conveying roller (46) and drying cabinet (11) rotate to be connected, first conveying roller (46) and water conveying belt (45) rotate to be connected, the below of drying cabinet (11) is provided with mud discharging opening (50).

7. The device for separating the soil micro-plastics in the karst regions according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: the inside fixed mounting of water tank (6) has storage water tank (51), the top fixed mounting of storage water tank (51) has first influent pipe (52), one side fixed mounting of first influent pipe (52) has first water pump (53), one side fixed mounting of first water pump (53) has delivery pipe (8), and delivery pipe (8) wear out the inside of water tank (6) and with screening case (1) fixed connection, the top fixed mounting of storage water tank (51) has inlet tube (7), one side fixed mounting of storage water tank (51) has overflow pipe (5), and overflow pipe (5) wear out the inside of water tank (6) and with level separator (3) fixed connection, one side fixed mounting of storage water tank (51) has second influent pipe (54).

8. The device for separating the soil micro-plastics in the karst regions according to the claim 7, is characterized in that: the lower part of the second inflow pipe (54) is fixedly provided with a second water pump (55), the lower part of the second water pump (55) is fixedly provided with a water return pipe (9), the water return pipe (9) penetrates out of the water body tank (6), the inner fixed mounting of the floating soil separator (13) is provided with an inner sleeve tank (56), the inner part of the inner sleeve tank (56) is provided with a separation cavity (63), two sides of the separation cavity (63) are respectively provided with a pressing block (64), one side of the pressing block (64) is fixedly provided with a water filtering film (65), the other side of the pressing block (64) is fixedly provided with a translation block (57), the inner part of the translation block (57) is provided with a second screw rod (58), and the translation block (57) is in threaded connection with the second screw rod (58).

9. The device for separating the soil micro-plastics in the karst regions according to the claim 8, wherein: the soil floating separator is characterized in that a discharge plate (62) is arranged below the pressing block (64), a third screw rod (61) is arranged inside the discharge plate (62), the discharge plate (62) is in threaded connection with the third screw rod (61), a fifth motor (59) and a sixth motor (60) are fixedly arranged inside the soil floating separator (13) respectively, a sealing ring (66) is fixedly arranged above the pressing block (64), and a water passing cavity (67) and a water flowing channel (68) are arranged inside the pressing block (64) respectively.

10. A separation method of a karst region soil micro-plastic separation device is realized based on the karst region soil micro-plastic separation device of any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: pouring soil into the screening box (1), starting the microporous multi-path screening device (15) to work for 15-25min, setting the vibration frequency at 2500-;

s2: the separation net barrel (17) is driven to rotate for 15-25min, the rotation speed is set to 1500-;

s3: inputting the mixed water body of soil and water in the screening box (1) into a hierarchical separator (3), adjusting the water level in the hierarchical separator (3) to keep the water level at 1/2 of the height of a water opening (32), standing for 15-35min to separate the components of the mixed water body, wherein the soil sinks to the bottom, and the micro plastic floats on the water surface under the action of buoyancy;

s4: then the isolated plastic blocking plate (27) is driven to move from the right side to the left side in the hierarchical separator (3) in a directional mode, so that micro plastic on the water surface moves leftwards and is blocked into a plastic storage box (29);

s5: then the mud conveying component (35) is driven to rotate in a directional mode, soil at the bottom of the hierarchical separator (3) is conveyed into the drying box (11), the water level in the hierarchical separator (3) is lowered, and then micro plastic in the plastic storage box (29) is cleaned under the action of the plastic cleaning port (30);

s6: the soil flows to the surface of the water passing conveying belt (45), the water passing conveying belt (45) is driven to rotate, the rotating speed is set to be 3-5r/min, the soil is conveyed rightwards, the water in the soil falls into the water collecting hopper (48) through the water passing conveying belt (45), the accurate temperature control heater (44) is electrified, the temperature is increased to 105-120 ℃, the moisture in the soil is removed, and then the dry soil is discharged from the sludge discharge port (50);

s7: the water body of the water collecting hopper (48) is input into the separation cavity (63) through the water filter pipe (12), the two pressing blocks (64) are driven to move relatively, the water body is extruded, the water body permeates through the water filter membrane (65) and flows out, so that residual fine soil in the water body is left in the separation cavity (63), and then the discharge plate (62) is driven to move to discharge the soil.

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