CN113838351B

CN113838351B - Simulation device and simulation method for simulating cervical orifice of birth process

Info

Publication number: CN113838351B
Application number: CN202110932112.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏瑗; 杨志波; 赵扬玉; 卢; 葛琳
Original assignee: Peking University Third Hospital Peking University Third Clinical Medical College
Current assignee: Peking University Third Hospital Peking University Third Clinical Medical College
Priority date: 2021-08-13
Filing date: 2021-08-13
Publication date: 2023-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-13
Also published as: CN113838351A

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation device and a simulation method for simulating a cervical orifice in an obstetric process. The driving assembly is used for selectively driving one sliding barrel in the sliding barrel assembly, a detection person inserts a hand into the extended sliding barrel and touches the inner wall of the extended sliding barrel so as to judge the size of the sliding barrel, a key with a corresponding size is pressed, and whether the judgment of the detection person is correct is determined through the automatic judgment circuit. The invention adopts a blind detection mode of automatically judging the detection result, does not need the manual intervention of medical staff, greatly improves the detection speed of the cervical orifice state, can be used for a teaching practice link, and can be exercised by the practice medical staff, thereby greatly improving the efficiency and the effect of the training.

Description

Simulation device and simulation method for simulating cervical orifice of labor process

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical teaching, in particular to a simulation device and a simulation method for simulating a cervical orifice of an obstetric procedure.

Background

This section provides background information related to the present disclosure only and is not necessarily prior art.

In the late gestation period of the puerpera, particularly in the early childbirth period, the cervical orifice is checked through the vagina to acquire the expansion state of the cervical orifice, so that the method is an important means for judging the progress of the labor process and an important basis for medical staff to make follow-up diagnosis and treatment on the puerpera. In the process of parturient production, the medical staff usually checks the expansion of the cervical orifice with fingers, called "internal examination", which is the general term "several fingers open to the cervical orifice", such as 1 finger open to the cervical orifice, 4-6 fingers open to the cervical orifice, etc. In normal delivery, the term "open ten fingers" usually means that the cervical opening is completely opened (about 10 cm), and the size of the cervical opening is substantially the same as the fetal head size, just enough to allow the head of the baby to be delivered.

Because the fingers of adults are generally about 1-2 cm, the sizes of all fingers are different, and the individual difference of medical care personnel is large, in the internal examination process, the error of measuring the opening degree of the cervical orifice by taking one finger as a unit is large, so that the error of judgment is reduced by repeated experiments and drills of the medical care personnel, but equipment for repeated experiments and drills is lacked (only the repeated experiments and drills can be carried out on real puerperae), and the professional skills of the medical care personnel cannot be rapidly improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: provide repeated experiments and rehearsal analogue means for medical personnel to realize promoting professional skill fast. The purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:

a first aspect of the invention proposes a simulation device for simulating an obstetric procedure cervical os, the simulation device for simulating an obstetric procedure cervical os comprising:

the shell is provided with a first opening and a second opening which are oppositely arranged, and the first opening and the second opening are respectively communicated with the inside of the shell;

the sliding barrel assembly is arranged inside the shell and comprises a plurality of sliding barrels which are sleeved in sequence, and two adjacent sliding barrels can move relative to each other;

the driving assembly is arranged inside the shell, a part of the body of the driving assembly extends to the outside of the shell through the second opening, and the driving assembly can drive any sliding cylinder to move and approach the first opening.

In addition, the simulation device for simulating the cervical orifice of the labor process according to the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:

in some embodiments of the invention, the drive assembly comprises:

the bracket is movably arranged at the second opening, part of the body of the bracket is arranged in the shell, and part of the body of the bracket is arranged outside the shell;

the rotating rod is rotatably arranged in the shell, the rotating rod, the first opening and the second opening are coaxially arranged, axial sliding grooves are formed in the rotating rod along the axial direction of the rotating rod, the number of the axial sliding grooves is multiple, and the axial sliding grooves are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating rod;

the number of the sliding blocks is consistent with that of the axial sliding grooves, the sliding blocks are correspondingly embedded in the axial sliding grooves, at least one sliding block is correspondingly arranged on any one sliding barrel, and the sliding blocks are used for driving the sliding barrels to move towards the direction close to the first opening;

the pressing cap is positioned on the outer side of the support and connected with the support, and the pressing cap provides driving force for the driving assembly to drive the sliding barrel assembly;

the push rod is movably arranged in the shell and arranged along the radial direction of the rotating rod, one end of the push rod is clamped in a wall surface sliding groove of the shell through a pressure spring, and the other end of the push rod is clamped in a cylindrical surface sliding groove of the rotating rod through the pressure spring;

the rotating handle is fixedly connected with the rotating rod, the peripheral surface of the rotating handle is provided with textures, the outer end surface of the rotating handle is provided with a calibration point, and when the calibration point is positioned at a vertical position, the sliding block can push out the sliding cylinder corresponding to the calibration point;

and the outer ring of the bearing is matched with the inner wall of the second opening, and the inner ring of the bearing is sleeved and fixed on the rotating rod.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the cylindrical sliding groove is formed along a cylindrical surface of the rotating rod, and a bottom surface of the cylindrical sliding groove is a relief surface.

In some embodiments of the invention, a plurality of pits are arranged on the undulating surface, the number of the pits is the same as that of the axial sliding grooves, the pits are arranged corresponding to the axial sliding grooves, and the pits are used for abutting against the other end of the push rod;

and/or the section of the axial sliding groove is in an inverted T shape, and the section shape of the sliding block is matched with that of the axial sliding groove;

and/or the driving assembly further comprises a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism comprises a top spring, a chuck and a chuck sleeve, the bracket is arranged at the tail end of the rotating rod through the top spring and the chuck, and the locking mechanism is used for locking or unlocking between the bracket and the rotating rod.

In some embodiments of the invention, the housing comprises:

the first opening is formed in the front baffle, and the front baffle is used for limiting the stroke of the extending sliding cylinder;

the rear baffle is arranged in the shell and is arranged at an interval with the front baffle, the sliding cylinder assembly is arranged between the front baffle and the rear baffle, and a through hole for the sliding block to pass through is formed in the rear baffle.

In some embodiments of the invention, the slide cartridge assembly further comprises a plurality of resilient members, any one of the slide cartridges being engaged with the tailgate by at least one of the resilient members.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the simulation apparatus for simulating the cervical os of labor further comprises an automatic judgment circuit, the automatic judgment circuit comprising:

the touch switches are used for judging whether the sliding cylinders are moved out or not, the touch switches are arranged on the rear baffle, the number of the touch switches is multiple, any sliding cylinder at least corresponds to one touch switch, and the elastic force of the elastic piece enables the sliding cylinder to abut against the rear baffle;

the controller is formed by electrically connecting discrete components or an integrated circuit and is used for determining the slide cylinder which is selected and moved out currently;

the number of the keys is multiple, and the keys are respectively and electrically connected with the controller;

and the functional module is electrically connected with the controller and is used for judging whether the currently selected key is matched with the moved sliding barrel or not and/or sending out a warning signal.

In some embodiments of the invention, the first opening is provided with a silica gel cover, the silica gel cover is provided with a detection port for a hand of a detection person to enter, and the detection port is a flat and long hole arranged in the vertical direction.

According to the simulation device for simulating the labor process cervical orifice, one of the sliding barrel assemblies is selectively driven by the driving assembly through controlling the driving assembly, so that the selected sliding barrel extends out of the sliding barrel assembly and is close to the first opening, in the process of experiment and practice, a tester extends a hand into the shell from the first opening and stretches into the extended sliding barrel, touches the inner wall of the sliding barrel to judge the size of the sliding barrel, presses a key with the corresponding size, and determines whether the judgment of the tester is correct or not through the automatic judgment circuit. The professional skills of the detection personnel can be rapidly improved through repeated experiments and drills.

A second aspect of the invention proposes a simulation method implemented according to a simulation device for simulating a cervical os of labor as described above, the simulation method comprising:

a supervisor rotates a rotating handle at the rear part of the simulation device, randomly selects the size of a sliding cylinder to be detected so as to enable the push rod to move in a cylindrical surface sliding groove of the rotating rod under the pressure of the pressure spring, and enables the end part of the push rod to be clamped in a concave pit corresponding to the selected size after the rotating handle rotates in place;

pressing a pressing cap at the rear part of the simulation device, pushing a push rod connected with the support through the support, pushing a slide block embedded in an axial sliding groove of the rotating rod through the push rod, extending out of the slide block to push a corresponding sliding barrel, extending out of the sliding barrel and stretching a spring connected with the sliding barrel, and locking the current position of the sliding barrel when the sliding barrel abuts against a front baffle;

a training person or a trainee stretches fingers into the simulator from the first opening of the front baffle at the front end of the simulator, touches the inner wall of the sliding cylinder, judges the size of the sliding cylinder in a stretching state and presses a corresponding key;

the automatic judgment circuit judges the result input by the key, if the judgment is correct, the green light is lightened, the judgment is wrong, and the green light does not respond;

and pressing the pressing cap at the rear part of the simulation device again to release the bracket, resetting the push rod, retracting the sliding cylinder under the contraction of the spring to reset, and resetting the sliding block.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the automatic determination circuit determines the result input by the key, and if the determination is correct, the green light is turned on, and if the determination is wrong, the green light does not respond, including:

acquiring an initial judgment signal input through a key;

comparing the initial judgment signal with a standard signal corresponding to the current extending slide cylinder;

if the initial judgment signal is consistent with the standard signal, the green light is lightened;

if the initial judgment signal is not consistent with the standard signal, the red light is lightened or ignored.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a simulation device for simulating a labor cervical orifice according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the simulation apparatus for simulating the cervical orifice of labor shown in fig. 1;

fig. 3 is a partial structure schematic diagram of the simulation device for simulating the labor cervical orifice shown in fig. 2 at another view angle;

FIG. 4 is a schematic partial structural view of the simulation device for simulating a labor cervical os shown in FIG. 1 (only the shuttle assembly and the tailgate are shown);

FIG. 5 is a graph of the first embodiment of the undulating surface of the cylindrical runner in the simulation device for simulating a labor cervical os shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a graph of the curve of the cylindrical surface chute of the simulation device for simulating a labor cervical os shown in FIG. 3 in a second embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the simulated device for simulating a labor cervical orifice shown in FIG. 3, wherein the relief surface of the cylindrical runner has pits;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the stem shown in FIG. 2;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an automatic judgment circuit (only one path is shown) of the simulation apparatus for simulating a cervical orifice of a labor shown in fig. 1 (first embodiment);

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an automatic judgment circuit of the simulation apparatus for simulating a cervical orifice of labor shown in fig. 1 (only five paths are shown) (second embodiment);

FIG. 11 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a simulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a structural development of the locking mechanism of FIG. 2 with the push cap in a depressed state;

FIG. 13 is a structural development of the locking mechanism of FIG. 2 with the push cap in a depressed state;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism shown in FIG. 2;

fig. 15 is a schematic view of the chuck shown in fig. 2 from another perspective.

The reference numbers are as follows:

100 is a simulation device for simulating the cervical orifice of the birth process;

10 is a shell;

the detection device comprises a front baffle 11, a first opening 12, a silica gel cover 13, a detection port 131, a rear baffle 14, a through hole 141, a touch switch 142, a second opening 15 and a containing cavity 16, wherein the front baffle is provided with a first opening, the rear baffle is provided with a silica gel cover 13, the through hole 141 is a through hole, the touch switch 142 is a touch switch, and the containing cavity 16 is provided with a second opening;

20 is a key;

30 is a functional module;

40 is a slide cartridge component;

41 is a sliding cylinder, 42 is a reinforcing rib, and 43 is an elastic part;

50 is a driving component;

51 is a slide block, 52 is a push rod, 53 is a bracket, 54 is an adjusting mechanism, 541 is a rotating rod, 5411 is an axial sliding groove, 5412 is a cylindrical sliding groove, 5413 is a relief surface, 5414 is a pit, 542 is a bearing, 543 is a rotating handle, 5431 is a calibration point, and 544 is a pressure spring;

60 is a locking mechanism;

a pressing cap 61, a top spring 62, a chuck 63 and a chuck sleeve 64;

and 70 is a controller.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and "having" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.

For convenience of description, spatially relative terms, such as "inner", "outer", "lower", "below", "upper", "above", and the like, may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. This spatially relative term is intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" or "over" the other elements or features. Thus, the example term "in ...below" may include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

As shown in fig. 1 to 15, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a simulation apparatus 100 for simulating a labor cervical orifice is provided, the simulation apparatus 100 for simulating a labor cervical orifice includes a housing 10, a slide cartridge assembly 40 and a driving assembly 50, the housing 10 is provided with a first opening 12 and a second opening 15 which are oppositely arranged, the first opening 12 and the second opening 15 are respectively communicated with the inside of the housing 10, the slide cartridge assembly 40 is arranged inside the housing 10, the slide cartridge assembly 40 includes a plurality of slide cartridges 41 which are sequentially sleeved, two adjacent slide cartridges 41 can move relative to each other, the driving assembly 50 is arranged inside the housing 10, a part of the body of the driving assembly 50 extends to the outside of the housing 10 through the second opening 15, and the driving assembly 50 can drive any one of the slide cartridges 41 to move and approach the first opening 12.

Specifically, by operating the driving assembly 50, one of the slide cylinders 41 in the slide cylinder assembly 40 is selectively driven by the driving assembly 50, so that the selected slide cylinder 41 extends out of the slide cylinder assembly 40 and approaches the first opening 12, during an experiment and a practicing process, a tester inserts a hand into the housing 10 from the first opening 12 and extends into the extended slide cylinder 41, touches the inner wall of the slide cylinder 41 to judge the size of the slide cylinder 41, presses the key 20 with the corresponding size, and determines whether the judgment of the tester is correct at this time through the automatic judgment circuit. The professional skills of detection personnel can be rapidly improved through repeated experiments and drills.

It should be understood that the simulation device 100 for simulating the cervical orifice of the labor process in the present invention can also be used for examining medical staff, when examining the medical staff, an inspector selects any one of the sliding cylinders 41 by operating the driving assembly 40 and drives the selected sliding cylinder 41 to a position close to the first opening 12, a tested person extends a hand from the first opening 12 into the housing 10 and spreads into the extended sliding cylinder 41, touches the inner wall of the sliding cylinder 41, determines the size of the extended sliding cylinder 41, presses the key 20 with the corresponding size, and determines whether the current determination of the tested person is correct through the automatic determination circuit.

The cavity 16 is formed in the housing 10, the sliding barrel assembly 40 and part of the driving assembly 50 are arranged in the cavity 16 of the housing 10, the sliding barrels 41 of the sliding barrel assembly 40 are coaxially arranged, and the sliding barrels 41 and the first opening 12 are also kept in a coaxial state, when any one sliding barrel 41 extends out relative to the sliding barrel assembly 40 under the driving of the driving assembly 50 and is arranged close to the first opening 12, as the sliding barrel 41 and the first opening 12 are coaxially arranged, a hand of a detection person conveniently enters the inside of the sliding barrel 41 through the first opening 12, the convenience in the use process is improved, and the problem that errors occur in judgment due to the fact that the sliding barrel 41 and the first opening are staggered is avoided.

In addition, as shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of slide cylinders 41 are slide cylinders 41 of different specifications, and the different specifications are specifically different in the diameter of the slide cylinder 41, that is, the diameter of the slide cylinder 41 is sequentially reduced from the outermost one to the innermost one, wherein, in order to simulate the opening degree of the cervical orifice of a parturient more truly, the number of the slide cylinders 41 is set to 10, and the inner diameters of the slide cylinders 41 from the inside to the outside are sequentially set to 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm and 10cm, and the driving member drives the slide cylinders 41 of different inner diameters to simulate different degrees of opening of the cervical orifice, thereby realizing repeated experiments and performances of the examiner, and improving the professional skills of the examiner.

As shown in fig. 4, a gap is formed between two adjacent sliding cylinders 41, and the gap is provided to ensure that any one sliding cylinder 41 can be independently driven by the driving assembly 50 to extend out of the sliding cylinder assembly 40, and at least one reinforcing rib 42 is provided on the outer side of each sliding cylinder 41 (in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the reinforcing ribs 42 is two, and the two reinforcing ribs 42 are provided at an interval of 180 ° in the circumferential direction of the sliding cylinder 41), the reinforcing rib 42 abuts against the inner wall of the outer sliding cylinder 41 (the damping between the reinforcing rib 42 and the inner wall of the outer sliding cylinder 41 is small, and when the inner sliding cylinder 41 extends or the outer sliding cylinder 41 extends (the adjacent sliding cylinder 41), the extending sliding cylinder 41 does not drive the other sliding cylinder 41 to move), and the strength and stability of the sliding cylinder 41 can be improved by providing the reinforcing rib 42, and in order to reduce the resistance between the adjacent sliding cylinders 41, lubricating oil and the like can be applied between the adjacent sliding cylinders 41.

It is further understood that, as shown in fig. 2, the driving assembly 50 includes a plurality of sliding blocks 51, a plurality of pushing rods 52, a bracket 53 and an adjusting mechanism 54, the sliding blocks 51 are disposed on a plurality of sliding blocks 51, at least one sliding block 51 is correspondingly disposed on any sliding barrel 41 for driving the sliding barrel 41 to move close to the first opening 12, the pushing rod 52 is movably disposed in the housing 10, the adjusting mechanism 54 is connected with the pushing rod 52 through a sliding slot for correspondingly disposing the pushing rod 52 with the sliding block 51 corresponding to any sliding barrel 41, the bracket 53 is movably disposed in the second opening 15, a part of the body of the bracket 53 is disposed in the housing 10, a part of the body of the bracket 53 is disposed outside the housing 10, and the bracket 53 is used for providing power for the pushing rod 52 to drive the sliding block 51.

Specifically, when the simulation device 100 for simulating the cervical orifice of the labor is used for simulation training, the adjusting mechanism 54 is controlled, so that the adjusting mechanism 54 drives the push rod 52 to adjust to the position of the slide block 51 corresponding to the corresponding slide cylinder 41, then the body of the bracket 53 located on the outer side of the housing 10 is driven, the push rod 52 is driven to move by the movement of the bracket 53 relative to the first opening 12, the slide cylinder 41 at the corresponding position is ejected out by the movement of the push rod 52, so that the slide cylinder 41 extends out in the direction of the first opening 12 relative to the slide cylinder assembly 40, a hand of a detector extends into the housing 10 from the first opening 12 of the housing 10 and extends into the extended slide cylinder 41, the inner wall of the slide cylinder 41 is touched to judge the size of the detector, the corresponding key 20 is pressed down, and an automatic judging circuit is used for judging whether the detector is correct, so as to realize training of the detector.

The push rods 52 are vertically arranged one above the other, can slide in parallel along the axial direction of the rotary rod 541, are clamped at one end in a wall sliding groove arranged in the housing 10 through a compression spring 544, and are clamped at the other end in a vertically-arranged pit 5414 of a cylindrical sliding groove 5412 of the rotary rod 541 through the compression spring 544. The rotating rod 541 is adjusted to a proper calibration point through the rotating handle 543, the push rod 52 moves in the cylindrical sliding slot 5412 of the rotating rod 541 along the undulating surface 5413 to the pit 5414 corresponding to the calibration point, that is, the push rod 52 is opposite to the axial sliding slot 5411 corresponding to the calibration point, at this time, the push rod 52 is pushed, the push rod 52 moves along the axial sliding slot 5411 of the rotating rod 541, and the slide block 51 in the axial sliding slot 5411 can be ejected forward.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, two sliding blocks 51 are correspondingly arranged on one sliding barrel 41, and the two sliding blocks 51 are arranged at an interval of 180 ° along the circumferential direction of the sliding barrel assembly 40, so that the driving stability of the sliding barrel 41 can be ensured, the sliding barrel 41 can effectively extend out relative to the sliding barrel assembly 40, and the occurrence of undesirable situations such as jamming is avoided.

In addition, the bracket 53 is movable relative to the second opening 15, the stroke length of the bracket 53 is consistent with the stroke length of the sliding barrel 41 ejected by the sliding block 51, the stroke length of the bracket 53 is preset, so that the stroke of the sliding barrel 41 is controlled by controlling the stroke of the bracket 53, the sliding barrel assembly 40 is effectively ensured to be stretched out in place by the sliding barrel 41, and the judgment of detection personnel is prevented from being influenced by the fact that the sliding barrel 41 is not stretched out in place.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the adjusting mechanism 54 includes a rotating rod 541, a rotating handle 543, and a bearing 542, the rotating rod 541 is rotatably disposed in the housing 10, the rotating rod 541, the first opening 12, and the second opening 15 are coaxially disposed, the rotating rod 541 is provided with an axial sliding slot 5411, a wall sliding slot whose direction is consistent with that of the axial sliding slot 5411 is disposed in the housing 10, the number of the axial sliding slots 5411 is consistent with that of the sliding blocks 51, the sliding blocks 51 are correspondingly disposed in the axial sliding slot 5411, one end of the push rod 52 is slidably disposed in the wall sliding slot, the other end of the push rod 52 can slidably enter any one of the axial sliding slots 5411 to drive the sliding blocks 51, the rotating handle 543 is engaged with one end of the rotating rod 541 close to the first opening 12, an outer ring of the bearing 542 is engaged with an inner wall of the second opening 15, and an inner ring of the bearing 542 is fixed on the rotating rod 541 in a sleeved manner. Specifically, when one of the specifications of the slide cylinders 41 needs to be extended, the rotating handle 543 is operated to drive the rotating rod 541 to rotate in the receiving cavity 16 of the housing 10, during the rotation of the rotating rod 541, the push rod 52 moves along the undulating surface 5413 in the cylindrical sliding slot 5412 of the rotating rod 541, after the rotating rod 541 rotates to a position, the push rod 52 just falls into the pit 5414 where the cylindrical sliding slot 5412 of the rotating rod 541 is in a vertical position, the axial sliding slot 5411 and the slider 51 in the position are correspondingly arranged, the bracket 53 is driven to move, the bracket 53 drives the push rod 52 to enter the axial sliding slot 5411 and drives the slider 51 in the axial sliding slot 5411 to move relative to the axial sliding slot 5411, when the slider 51 moves, the slide cylinder 41 corresponding to the slider is ejected out of the slide cylinder assembly 40 and is close to the first opening 12 of the housing 10, after the bracket 53 moves to the position, the ejected slide cylinder 41 is also in an extended state, a detecting person can insert a hand from the first opening 12 of the housing 10 into the housing 10 and can determine whether the slide cylinder 41 extends out, and the size of the slide cylinder 41, and the person can automatically detects the current size of the slide cylinder to determine whether the person, and accordingly.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the axial sliding groove 5411 is an inverted T shape, the shape of the slider 51 is adapted to the shape of the axial sliding groove 5411, and the axial sliding groove and the cross-sectional shape of the slider 51 are set to be the inverted T shape, so that the slider 51 can be prevented from shaking or falling off during the movement process relative to the axial sliding groove 5411, and the effective use of the simulation apparatus 100 for simulating the cervical orifice of the labor process is ensured.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, each sliding barrel 41 has two corresponding axial sliding slots 5411, and one sliding block 51 is disposed in each axial sliding slot 5411, and the two corresponding axial sliding slots 5411 of each sliding barrel 41 are disposed at an interval of 180 ° along the circumferential direction of the sliding barrel assembly 40, so as to ensure that the sliding block 51 is uniformly and stably stressed during the driving process of the sliding barrel 41.

In addition, as shown in fig. 8, the rotary handle 543 is located outside the housing 10 to facilitate manipulation thereof during use, the outer end surface of the rotary handle 543 is provided with a plurality of calibration points 5431 along the circumferential direction thereof, taking the number of the slide cylinders 41 of the slide cylinder assembly 40 as 10 as an example, the number of the calibration points 5431 is 20, the central angle between two adjacent calibration points 5431 is 18 °, each two calibration points 5431 spaced by 180 ° central angle are a calibration group, which is 10 calibration groups in total, each calibration group corresponds to one slide cylinder 41, when the slide cylinder 41 required in the simulation device 100 for simulating the cervical orifice of labor is used, the rotary handle 543 is manipulated to align the calibration group on the rotary handle 543 corresponding to the slide cylinder 41 with the reference position, which indicates that the rotary rod 541 is adjusted to the corresponding position, the push rod 52 is also moved to the corresponding position along the undulating surface 5413 in the slide cylinder 5412, and the bracket 53 is manipulated to drive the push rod 52 to the slide block 51 corresponding to the slide cylinder 41, so as to realize the required slide cylinder 41 ejection by the relative axial movement of the slide cylinder 5411. Whether the rotating rod 541 rotates in place at present is indicated by arranging a plurality of calibration points on the rotating handle 543, so that the convenience of using the simulation device 100 is further improved. Meanwhile, the outer peripheral surface of the rotary handle 543 is provided with textures (such as insections or knurls) so as to improve the control force of the rotary handle 543 in the control process and improve the convenience in the adjustment process.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the rotary rod 541 has a cylindrical sliding groove 5412 communicating with the plurality of axial sliding grooves 5411, the cylindrical sliding groove 5412 is formed along a cylindrical surface of the rotary rod 541, a bottom surface of the cylindrical sliding groove 5412 is a relief surface 5413, and the other end of the push rod 52 abuts against the relief surface 5413. Specifically, the push rod 52 is matched with the bracket 53, the end of the push rod 52 is embedded in the cylindrical sliding groove 5412, the rotating rod 541 and the sliding barrel assembly 40 are coaxially arranged, when the rotating handle 543 is controlled to drive the rotating rod 541 to rotate, the position of the push rod 52 along the undulating surface 5413 in the radial direction of the rotating rod 541 changes, the push rod 52 is adjusted to the position corresponding to the slider 51 in the sliding barrel assembly 40 by driving the push rod 52 through the undulating surface 5413, the push rod 52 is driven through the bracket 53, the slider 51 is driven by the push rod 52, and the slider 51 drives the sliding barrel 41, so that the required sliding barrel 41 is ejected.

The mode of utilizing the undulating surface 5413 of the cylindrical sliding groove 5412 to adjust the position of the push rod 52 has simple structure and high accuracy, thereby ensuring the accuracy of adjustment.

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the undulating surface 5413 may be arranged in a petal shape or a fan-blade shape, etc., the position of each slide cylinder 41 corresponds to the undulating surface 5413, and when the push rod 52 reaches the corresponding position, it falls into the concave recess 5414 of the cylindrical slide groove 5412, which means that the push rod 52 exactly corresponds to the axial slide groove 5411 matched with the slide block 51, and the slide block 51 exactly corresponds to the size of the slide cylinder 41 to be ejected, so as to ensure the driving accuracy.

In addition, the undulating surfaces 5413 are all in arc surface transition, and when the positions of the sliding cylinders 41 are calibrated on the undulating surfaces 5413, the numbers can be sequentially numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 (numbers indicate the positions of the sliding cylinders 41 in the sliding cylinder assembly 40, wherein 1 is the innermost sliding

cylinder

41, and 10 is the outermost sliding cylinder 41); to avoid too large a transition slope from 10 to 1, the order of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 8, 6, 4, 2 (the numbers indicate the positions of the slide cylinders 41 in the slide cylinder assembly 40, where 1 is the

innermost slide cylinder

41 and 10 is the outermost slide cylinder 41) may also be used. In addition, the position of the sliding cylinder 41 can be randomly sequenced on the undulating surface 5431 according to the requirements of blind test (examination and test on medical personnel) so as to prevent the examination personnel from memorizing the numbering position, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the blind test result.

Further, as shown in fig. 7, in order to prevent the push rod 52 caught in the cylindrical slide slot 5412 from slipping, the relief surface 5413 is provided with a plurality of dimples 5414 corresponding to the index points 5431 of the respective axial slide slots 5411, the dimples 5414 being centered with respect to the center of the rotary rod 541, so that the push rod 52 is precisely positioned at the respective index points 5431. The number of the pits 5414 corresponds to the number of the slide grooves 5411, and the pits 5414 are provided corresponding to the slider 51. Specifically, when the position of the push rod 52 is adjusted, the rotating handle 543 is rotated and the rotating rod 541 is driven to rotate, and in the process of rotating the rotating rod 541, the undulating surface 5413 in the cylindrical sliding groove 5412 moves relative to the push rod 52, and when the calibration point on the rotating handle 543 is rotated to a required position, the push rod 52 falls into the corresponding pit 5414, so that the accuracy of adjusting the push rod 52 is improved, and the accuracy of the simulation device 100 for simulating the labor process cervical orifice is further ensured.

Note that in embodiments of the present invention, the depth of dimple 5414 is 2-5 mm; two adjacent dimples 5414 are 18 degrees out of stem center with respect to the calibration point 5431.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the adjusting mechanism 54 further includes a compression spring 544, and the push rod 52 is engaged with the bracket 53 through the compression spring 544. Specifically, the push rod 52 is matched with the bracket 53 through the compression spring 544, and under the action of the compression spring 544, the end of the push rod 52 can be constantly abutted against the undulating surface 5413 of the cylindrical sliding groove 5412, so that the accuracy of the position adjustment of the push rod 52 by the rotating rod 541 is further ensured.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the driving assembly 50 further includes a locking mechanism 60, and the locking mechanism 60 is used for locking or unlocking between the bracket 53 and the rotating rod 541. Specifically, when the position of the push rod 52 needs to be adjusted, the locking mechanism 60 locks the bracket 53 and the rotating rod 541, after the adjustment of the push rod 52 is completed, the locking mechanism 60 separates the bracket 53 and the rotating rod 541, the push rod 52 is driven by driving the bracket 53 to move alone, the push rod 52 drives the slide block 51 to move, and the moving slide block 51 ejects the slide cylinder 41 corresponding to the moving slide block 51, so as to achieve the extension of the slide cylinder 41 relative to the slide cylinder assembly 40. The position of the drive assembly 50 can be maintained by providing the locking mechanism 60, thereby ensuring that the corresponding function of the drive assembly 50 is achieved.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the locking mechanism 60 includes a chuck 63, a top spring 62 and a chuck sleeve 64, the bracket 53 is mounted at the end of the rotary rod 541 through the top spring 62 and the chuck 63, when the bracket 53 and the rotary rod 541 need to be locked, the top spring 62 is elastically deformed by pressing the pressing cap 61, the chuck 63 is engaged with the chuck sleeve 64, when the bracket 53 and the rotary rod 541 need to be unlocked, the pressing cap 61 is pressed, the top spring 62 is elastically deformed, the chuck 63 is disengaged from the chuck sleeve 64, and the overall structure of the locking mechanism 60 is simple and convenient to operate and use.

It should be noted that the chuck 63 is provided with a plurality of first ratchet teeth (the plurality of first ratchet teeth are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the chuck) and a plurality of first through grooves (the plurality of first through grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the chuck 63), the plurality of first through grooves and the plurality of first ratchet teeth are alternately arranged, the chuck sleeve 64 is provided with a plurality of second ratchet teeth (the plurality of second ratchet teeth are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the chuck sleeve 64) and a plurality of second through grooves (the plurality of second through grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the chuck sleeve 64), the plurality of second through grooves and the plurality of second ratchet teeth are alternately arranged, the chuck sleeve 64 and the pressing cap 61 are rotatably matched, when the locking mechanism 60 needs to be locked, the pressing cap 61 is pressed, the chuck sleeve 64 rotates relative to the pressing cap 61, the second ratchet teeth on the ratchet chuck sleeve 64 are matched with the first ratchet teeth on the chuck 63 (at this time, the pressing spring 62 is elastically deformed), when the locking mechanism 60 needs to be unlocked, the pressing cap is pressed again, the chuck sleeve 64 rotates relative to the pressing cap 64 rotates relative to the chuck sleeve 63, and the second ratchet sleeve is matched with the elastic deformation of the second through groove 64 on the chuck sleeve 62 (at this time, and the elastic deformation of the chuck sleeve returns to the elastic deformation of the chuck sleeve 64).

Further, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the housing 10 includes a front baffle 11 and a rear baffle 14, the first opening 12 is opened on the front baffle 11, the rear baffle 14 is disposed in the housing 10 and spaced from the front baffle 11, the sliding cylinder assembly 40 is disposed between the front baffle 11 and the rear baffle 14, and the rear baffle 14 is provided with a through hole 141 for the slider 51 to pass through. Specifically, the distance between the rear baffle plate 14 and the front baffle plate 11 is greater than or equal to the length of the slide cylinder assembly 40 in the extending state, when the slide cylinder 41 of the slide cylinder assembly 40 extends to the right position, the open end of the slide cylinder 41 abuts against the front baffle plate 11 and is arranged coaxially with the first opening 12, the hand of a detection person can directly extend into the extending slide cylinder 41 through the first opening 12, and the authenticity of simulation is ensured.

In addition, the slide block 51 for driving the slide cylinder 41 of the slide cylinder assembly 40 to extend enters between the front baffle plate 11 and the rear baffle plate 14 through the through hole 141 on the rear plate, so that the effective implementation of the driving of the slide cylinder 41 is ensured.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the first opening 12 is provided with a silica gel cover 13, the silica gel cover 13 is provided with a detection port 131 for a hand of a detection person to enter, and the detection port 131 is a flat long hole arranged in a vertical direction. Specifically, the caliber of the first opening 12 is slightly larger than 10cm (maximum caliber), the detection port 131 on the silica gel cover 13 is used for simulating the vaginal orifice of a lying-in woman, and the authenticity of simulation can be further improved by arranging the silica gel cover 13 with a flat long hole (which can be inserted by a palm at maximum to correspond to the cervical orifice being fully opened).

Further, as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of touch switches 142 are disposed on the barrier, each sliding cylinder 41 corresponds to at least one touch switch 142, the sliding cylinder assembly 40 further includes a plurality of elastic members 43, each sliding cylinder 41 is matched with the tailgate 14 through at least one elastic member 43, and the elastic force of the elastic members 43 enables the sliding cylinder 41 to abut against the touch switches 142. Specifically, taking 10 slide cylinders 41 of the slide cylinder assembly 40 as an example, 20 small holes (two slide cylinders 41 are provided in each) are uniformly distributed on the backplate 14 in the radial direction of 1.2-10.2 cm, each small hole is provided with a recessed hook for hooking an elastic member 43 (spring) on the outer edge of the slide cylinder 41, the size of the elastic member 43 is not too large to contact with the inner wall of the slide cylinder 41 with the first size, in addition, 20 convex metal contacts (two slide cylinders 41 are provided in each) are uniformly distributed on the backplate in the radial direction of 1-10 cm, the metal contacts are touch switches 142 for detecting whether the slide cylinder 41 contacts with the inner wall, and judging whether the slide cylinder 41 has been moved out, wherein the contact of the metal contacts should not interfere with the elastic member 43 when being compressed. When the slide cylinders 41 are not moved, all the slide cylinders 41 are in contact with the metal contacts on the tailgate 14 by the elastic force of the elastic member 43, and when one slide cylinder 41 is moved out, it is separated from the metal contacts on the tailgate 14. After each slide cylinder 41 is moved out, two contacts with corresponding sizes are switched on as long as any one of the two contacts is out of contact, for example, as shown in fig. 9, when the slide cylinder No. 1 is pushed out, the rear end of the slide cylinder No. 1 is out of contact with the backboard 14, namely, the circuit No. 1 is switched on, and the slide cylinder No. 1 is currently selected.

It should be understood that, after the extended slide cylinder 41 is used, the locking mechanism 60 is unlocked, the elastic force of the elastic element 43 resets the extended slide cylinder 41, and the reset slide cylinder 41 resets the slide block 51, the push rod 52 and the bracket 53, thereby further improving the convenience in the use process.

Further, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the simulation apparatus 100 for simulating the cervical orifice of labor further includes an automatic judgment circuit (two embodiments) including a touch switch 142, a controller 70, a button 20 and a function module 30; the touch switch 142 is used for judging whether the slide cylinder 41 is moved out, and when a certain slide cylinder 41 is moved out, the touch switch 142 is turned off to turn on the circuit; the plurality of touch switches 142 are electrically connected to the controller 70, and the controller 70 may be formed by electrically connecting discrete components (fig. 9, the first embodiment) or an integrated circuit (fig. 10, the second embodiment) for determining the currently selected and moved slide cartridge 41; the number of the keys 20 is multiple, and the multiple keys 20 are respectively electrically connected with the controller 70; the function module 30 is electrically connected to the controller 70 for determining whether the currently selected button 20 is matched with the removed slide cartridge 41 and/or sending out a warning signal. Specifically, taking the number of the slide cylinders 41 of the slide cylinder assembly 40 as an example of 10, the control panel is provided with the keys 20 marked as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 and an LED green light (function module 30), the schematic diagram of the automatic judgment circuit is shown in fig. 9, the key 20 is a two-position key, when blind measurement is performed, a supervisor sets the slide cylinder 41, a tested person extends his/her hand into the slide cylinder 41 to estimate the size of the slide cylinder 41, the tested person presses the key 20 corresponding to the number according to his/her judgment, only when the judgment is correct, the green light will light up, and when the selection is wrong, no response will be made.

In the first embodiment, the automatic determination circuit is shown in fig. 9 (only one circuit is illustrated). For example, when the slide cylinder 41 No. 1 is pushed out by the slider, the rear end of the slide cylinder 41 is out of contact with two contacts on the rear baffle, two touch switches (contacts) in the figure are switched off (one of the two touch switches is switched off), two triodes are switched on (one of the two triodes is switched on), the circuit No. 1 is switched on, when the key No. 1 is manually pressed, a green light is turned on, which indicates that the slide cylinder 41 No. 1 is currently selected, and the judgment is correct.

In the second embodiment, an automatic determination circuit is shown in fig. 10 (only five paths are illustrated). For example, in order to facilitate judgment or add other functions, a reset key, a red light, a nixie tube, a buzzer and the like can be added on the panel, such as: (1) the red light is lighted up when the selection is wrong; (2) Pressing a reset key to finish the test of the current round, and turning off the red light or the green light; (3) giving a buzzing alarm when the multi-way key 20 is pressed simultaneously; and (4) displaying the correct paths of the current selection by using a nixie tube.

The invention also relates to a method implemented according to a simulation device for simulating a labor cervix as described above, the method comprising:

s1, a supervisor rotates a rotating handle at the rear part of the simulation device, randomly selects the size of a sliding cylinder to be detected so as to enable a push rod to move in a cylindrical surface sliding groove of a rotating rod under the pressure of a pressure spring, and enables the end part of the push rod to be clamped in a concave pit corresponding to the selected size after the rotating handle rotates in place;

s2, a pressing cap at the rear part of the pressing simulator is pressed to push a push rod connected with the support through the support, the push rod pushes a slide block embedded in an axial sliding groove of the rotating rod, the slide block extends to push a corresponding sliding barrel, the sliding barrel extends to stretch a spring connected with the sliding barrel, and when the sliding barrel abuts against a front baffle, the current position of the sliding barrel is locked;

s3, a training person or a trainee stretches a finger into the first opening of the front baffle plate at the front end of the simulation device, touches the inner wall of the sliding cylinder, judges the size of the sliding cylinder in the stretching state and presses a corresponding key;

s4, the automatic judgment circuit judges the result input by the key, if the judgment is correct, the green light is lightened, the judgment is wrong, and the green light does not react;

and S5, pressing the pressing cap at the rear part of the simulation device again, releasing the bracket, resetting the push rod, retracting the sliding cylinder to reset under the contraction of the spring, and resetting the sliding block.

Optionally, in step S4, the method specifically includes:

s41: the controller acquires an initial judgment signal input through a key;

s42: the function module compares the initial judgment signal with a standard signal corresponding to the current extending sliding cylinder;

s43: if the initial judgment signal is consistent with the standard signal, the function module controls to light the green light;

s44: if the initial judgment signal is inconsistent with the standard signal, the function module controls to light the red light or ignore the red light.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A simulation device for simulating an obstetric procedure cervical os, characterized in that the simulation device for simulating an obstetric procedure cervical os comprises:

the driving assembly is arranged in the shell, part of the body of the driving assembly extends to the outside of the shell through the second opening, and the driving assembly can drive any sliding cylinder to move and be close to the first opening;

the drive assembly includes:

2. The simulation device for simulating the cervical orifice of labor according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical sliding groove is formed along the cylindrical surface of the rotating rod, and the bottom surface of the cylindrical sliding groove is a relief surface.

3. The simulation device for simulating the labor process cervical orifice according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of concave pits are arranged on the undulating surface, the number of the concave pits is consistent with that of the axial sliding grooves, the concave pits are arranged corresponding to the axial sliding grooves, and the concave pits are used for abutting against the other end of the push rod;

4. A simulation device for simulating a cervical os of labour according to claim 1, wherein the housing comprises:

5. A simulator for simulating a cervical os of labour as claimed in claim 4, in which the shuttle assembly further comprises a plurality of resilient members, any of the shuttles being engaged with the backplate by at least one of the resilient members.

6. The simulation device for simulating an obstetric procedure cervical orifice according to claim 5, characterized in that the simulation device for simulating an obstetric procedure cervical orifice further comprises an automatic judgment circuit, the automatic judgment circuit comprising:

7. The simulation device for simulating the uterine neck opening according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first opening is provided with a silica gel cover, the silica gel cover is provided with a detection port for a hand of a detector to enter, and the detection port is a flat long hole arranged in the vertical direction.

8. A simulation method for simulating a cervical os of labor, the simulation method being carried out according to the simulation apparatus for simulating a cervical os of labor of any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:

a supervisor rotates a rotating handle at the rear part of the simulation device, randomly selects the size of a sliding cylinder to be detected so as to enable the push rod to move in a cylindrical sliding groove of the rotating rod under the pressure of the pressure spring, and enables the end part of the push rod to be clamped in a concave pit with the size corresponding to the selected size after the rotating handle rotates in place;

a training person or a trainee stretches a finger into the first opening of the front baffle plate at the front end of the simulation device, touches the inner wall of the sliding cylinder, judges the size of the sliding cylinder in a stretching state and presses a corresponding key;

the automatic judgment circuit judges the result input by the key, if the judgment is correct, the green light is lightened, and if the judgment is wrong, the green light does not respond;

and the pressing cap at the rear part of the simulation device is pressed again, the support is released, the push rod is reset along with the support, the sliding barrel retracts to reset under the contraction of the spring, and the sliding block is reset along with the sliding barrel.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the automatic judgment circuit judges the result inputted by the button, and if the judgment is correct, the green light is turned on, the judgment is wrong, and the green light does not respond, comprising:

acquiring an initial judgment signal input through a key;