CN113836627B - Steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling - Google Patents
Steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of girder bridge lofting, and provides a steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling, which comprises the following steps of 100, dividing a steel plate girder bridge into components; step 200, generating a main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis; step 300, calculating three-dimensional coordinate point data required by modeling of each component; step 400, carrying out automatic modeling on the girder to obtain a girder model; step 500, respectively generating three-dimensional models of other components; generating a steel plate girder bridge design drawing model; step 600, correcting and calculating each coordinate according to the pre-camber data of the bridge in the design drawing; 700, recalculating three-dimensional coordinates of each point by using a new main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis, and recalculating to obtain a steel plate girder bridge lofting model; step 800, converting the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph by using the steel plate girder bridge lofting model, and obtaining the graph for lofting the component. The invention can improve the lofting work efficiency and shorten the design time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of girder bridge lofting, in particular to a steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling.
Background
Because the steel has the advantages of high strength, uniform material, good plasticity and toughness, good weldability and the like, the steel structure bridge has the characteristics of large spanning capacity, light dead weight, good earthquake resistance, short construction period and the like.
When the three-dimensional model is not available, the lofting graph is manually drawn by the aid of the two-dimensional graph. Compared with the direct generation of the model, the method has the defects of low efficiency and low accuracy of manual drawing. Moreover, the drawing quality is greatly affected by the technical ability of diagramming staff, and the cultivation of staff is affected by experience, so that the cultivation of staff also needs years.
In the factory welding process, the amount of shrinkage due to welding deformation is a necessary consideration. At present, welding shrinkage is not uniform in national standard, and is often judged empirically, so that instability exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems of low efficiency and low accuracy of manual drawing due to manual drawing of a two-dimensional graph in the prior art, and provides an automatic modeling-based steel plate girder bridge lofting method for improving lofting work efficiency and shortening design time; optimizing the processing flow and improving the processing precision.
The invention provides a steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling, which comprises the following steps:
step 100, dividing the components of the steel plate girder bridge to minimum component units during lofting production;
step 200, generating a main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge;
step 300, calculating three-dimensional coordinate point data required by modeling each component according to the main beam datum line, the auxiliary axis and the structural parameter information in the design drawing;
step 400, according to three-dimensional coordinate point data required by modeling of each component, combining basic information of each component in a design drawing, and carrying out automatic modeling of a girder to obtain a girder model;
step 500, sequentially adding basic information of other components to generate three-dimensional models of the other components respectively; generating a steel plate girder bridge design drawing model by utilizing the girder model and the three-dimensional model of other components;
step 600, correcting and calculating each coordinate according to the pre-camber data of the bridge in the design drawing to generate a new main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis;
700, recalculating three-dimensional coordinates of each point by using a new main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis, and recalculating to obtain a steel plate girder bridge lofting model;
step 800, converting the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph by using the steel plate girder bridge lofting model, and obtaining the graph for lofting the component.
Further, step 200, generating a main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, comprising the following steps:
step 201, determining three-dimensional coordinate data of a main node of a main beam according to a design drawing of a steel plate girder bridge, and generating a main beam datum line: according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, taking the fulcrum positions of all girder bridges as main nodes; determining three-dimensional coordinate data of main nodes of the main beam according to the three-dimensional coordinate data of the supporting points in the design drawing, and sequentially connecting the main nodes with straight lines along the axle axis direction in a beam bridge three-dimensional coordinate system to generate a main beam datum line;
step 202, according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, adding auxiliary nodes of the girder bridge on a girder datum line, and adding auxiliary axes on the girder datum line: determining the positions of a longitudinal rib plate and a node on the main beam as auxiliary nodes; determining the position information of each auxiliary node relative to the main node according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each auxiliary node; generating auxiliary nodes on the main beam datum line, and generating auxiliary axes by connecting the auxiliary nodes in a straight line to finish adding the auxiliary axes on the main beam datum line.
Further, in step 600, according to the pre-camber data of the bridge in the design drawing, correction calculation is performed on each coordinate to generate a new main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis, which includes the following steps:
step 601, using data of main nodes (C1, C2, C3 and … …) of a beam bridge and data of pre-camber of the beam bridge, and adopting a B-Spline curve function to establish a main node curve;
step 602, correcting and calculating the coordinates of each auxiliary node by using the obtained main node curve;
and 603, sequentially connecting the main node and the auxiliary node by using a straight line, and generating a new main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis.
Further, step 800, converting the three-dimensional model of the member into a two-dimensional graph by using the steel plate girder bridge lofting model, to obtain a graphic for lofting the member, comprising the following steps:
for a component with negligible processing deformation, converting the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph by using the actual three-dimensional model of the steel plate girder bridge obtained in the step 700 to obtain a graph for lofting the component;
for a component with non-negligible processing deformation, correcting and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the starting point of the web by using an empirical formula of the shrinkage of the welding seam;
the formula of the transverse shrinkage of the double-sided piece broken angle (T-shaped) welding line is as follows:
Y＝0.001t 2 -0.0359t+0.5077
butt weld transverse shrinkage formula:
wherein Y represents the transverse shrinkage of the weld joint, and t represents the plate thickness;
creating a model for processing again by using the correction calculation result; and then converting the drawing into a two-dimensional drawing to obtain a final drawing figure.
The steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling provided by the invention uses the three-dimensional model to generate lofting patterns, has high speed and high accuracy, reduces the requirements on personnel, and greatly saves the cost. And the advantages are more pronounced when dealing with complex structures and multi-tilt configurations. When the corresponding structure is modified, the corresponding can be performed more quickly, and omission is avoided. The invention establishes the space coordinate point group of the bridge based on the linear coordinates of the bridge, carries out parameterization modeling based on the bridge structure, can realize visual management, improves lofting working efficiency and shortens design time; optimizing the processing flow and improving the processing precision. In addition, the invention introduces several common welding shrinkage formulas, and can select formulas or set welding shrinkage coefficients according to actual needs, so as to generate model data with expansion and contraction amount, and provides a new thought during processing, so that the welding sequence can be optimized, and the welding strength and the processing precision can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an implementation of the steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the main beam datum line and the auxiliary axis.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a girder model.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-linked model.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a lower cross brace model.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an overall model of a steel plate girder bridge.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved by the invention, the technical scheme adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the matters related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
and 100, dividing the components of the steel plate girder bridge to the minimum component units during lofting production.
And dividing the steel plate girder bridge into components according to different structural characteristics and modeling methods of each part. Such as dividing into main beams, ribs and ties, wherein each section is further divided into minimum component units for loft production. For example, the main beam needs to be subdivided into an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate and a web plate; the rib plates are subdivided into longitudinal rib plates and transverse rib plates; the coupling is subdivided into cross-bracing, cross bracing, etc.
And each part establishes an operation module taking the three-dimensional coordinates and structural parameters of the bridge as known conditions and taking the space coordinates for modeling as a result. The more complex the bridge structure, the more computation is required, because of the variety of bridge structures.
Step 200, generating a main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge.
Step 201, determining three-dimensional coordinate data of a main node of the main beam according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, and generating a main beam datum line.
Specifically, according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, the positions of the fulcrums of the girder bridges are taken as main nodes, and the main nodes are sequentially named (C1, C2, C3 … … Cn) along the axle axis direction. And determining the three-dimensional coordinate data of the main joint of the main beam according to the three-dimensional coordinate data of the supporting point in the design drawing, and sequentially connecting the main joint with a straight line along the axle axis direction in a beam bridge three-dimensional coordinate system to generate a main beam datum line (figure 4).
Step 202, adding auxiliary nodes of the girder bridge on the girder datum line according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, and adding auxiliary axes on the girder datum line.
Specifically, according to the design drawing, the positions of the longitudinal rib plates and the nodes on the main beam are determined to be auxiliary nodes, and the positions are sequentially named as follows along the axle direction:
the auxiliary nodes comprise welding nodes, bolt nodes and other nodes which are convenient to process, process and position, and can be selected according to actual conditions.
Determining the position information of each auxiliary node relative to the main node according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each auxiliary node; and generating auxiliary nodes on the main beam datum line, and generating auxiliary axes by connecting the auxiliary nodes in a straight line to finish adding the auxiliary axes on the main beam datum line (as shown in figure 2).
And 300, calculating three-dimensional coordinate point data required by modeling each component according to the main beam datum line, the auxiliary axis and the structural parameter information in the design drawing.
Specifically, taking a main beam as an example: and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the starting point and the end point of the upper flange plate of each section of the girder according to the relative position relation (upper side, lower side, center, inward deflection and the like) of the upper flange plate section of the girder and the datum line of the girder in the design drawing, parameters such as plate thickness, plate width and the like. And respectively calculating three-dimensional coordinate data of the main girder web plate and the main girder lower flange plate and three-dimensional coordinate information of all other components by the same method.
Step 400, according to the three-dimensional coordinate point data required by modeling of each component, combining the basic information of each component in the design drawing, performing automatic modeling of the girder to obtain a girder model (as shown in fig. 3).
The basic information includes information such as a component name, a component number, a component classification, and material information, which can minimally describe the characteristics of the component.
In this step, auxiliary information of the member may be added during modeling, wherein the auxiliary information is to assume that the member is a cube, and six azimuth information including, but not limited to, the number of the connecting piece, the corresponding position processing information of the member, and the like are recorded on the upper side, the lower side, the left side, the right side, the starting point side, and the end point side of the member.
Step 500, sequentially adding basic information of other components to generate three-dimensional models of the other components respectively; and generating a steel plate girder bridge design drawing model by using the girder model and the three-dimensional model of other components.
In this step, the three-dimensional model of each of the other members includes: a cross-tie model (as in fig. 4) and a lower cross-brace model (as in fig. 5). The modeling method of the other components is identical to the modeling method of the main beam (step 300-step 400). The steel plate girder bridge design drawing model is a steel plate girder bridge three-dimensional model consistent with the design drawing.
And 600, correcting and calculating each coordinate according to the pre-camber data of the bridge in the design drawing, and generating a new main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis.
Step 601, using the data of the main nodes (C1, C2, C3 and … …) of the bridge and the pre-camber data of the bridge, and adopting a B-Spline curve function to establish a main node curve.
And 602, correcting and calculating the coordinates of each auxiliary node by using the obtained main node curve.
And 603, sequentially connecting the main node and the auxiliary node by using a straight line, and generating a new main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis.
It should be noted that the girder reference line in this step is different from the girder reference line in step 200: in step 200, the main node and the next main node are directly connected by a straight line along the axle axis direction to generate a datum line, and auxiliary nodes between two main nodes on the same main beam are all on the straight line of the main beam datum line; since the operation in step 600 uses the B-Spline function, the auxiliary node is not on the connection line of the main node, and the main node, the auxiliary node and the next main node need to be sequentially connected by a straight line along the bridge axis direction, and the finally generated multi-segment line is used as the main beam datum line.
Wherein the pre-camber of the bridge may be added using curves, arcs, and a number of ways to scale. The specific adding method is based on the design drawing, and proper functions are selected for calculation.
Step 700, recalculate the three-dimensional coordinates of each point using the new main beam datum line and auxiliary axis, and re-model to obtain the steel plate girder bridge loft model (fig. 6).
The lofting model is a model consistent with the actual condition of the steel plate girder bridge.
Step 800, converting the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph by using the steel plate girder bridge lofting model, and obtaining the graph for lofting the component.
In this step, for the member with negligible processing deformation, the actual three-dimensional model of the steel plate girder bridge obtained in step 700 may be directly used to convert the three-dimensional model of the member into a two-dimensional pattern, thereby obtaining the pattern for lofting the member.
For components with non-negligible processing deformations, such as webs. And extracting welding information such as the welding style, the process, the foot length and the like of the main welding deformation component, namely the web plate, from the design drawing according to the lofting standard of the factory. And correcting and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the starting point of the web by using an empirical formula of the shrinkage of the welding seam.
The formula of the transverse shrinkage of the double-sided piece broken angle (T-shaped) welding line is as follows:
Y＝0.001t 2 -0.0359t+0.5077
butt weld transverse shrinkage formula:
y represents the transverse shrinkage of the weld joint, t represents the plate thickness, and the unit is mm.
Among these, shrinkage deformation involves a number of factors, which are difficult to calculate accurately. The formula used is typically an empirical formula for approximate calculation. The algorithm can also be changed according to the actual requirements of the factory.
Using the correction calculation result, a model for machining is created again. And then converting the drawing into a two-dimensional drawing to obtain a final drawing figure.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments is modified or some or all of the technical features are replaced equivalently, so that the essence of the corresponding technical scheme does not deviate from the scope of the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 100, dividing the components of the steel plate girder bridge to minimum component units during lofting production;
step 200, generating a main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge;
step 300, calculating three-dimensional coordinate point data required by modeling each component according to the main beam datum line, the auxiliary axis and the structural parameter information in the design drawing;
step 400, according to three-dimensional coordinate point data required by modeling of each component, combining basic information of each component in a design drawing, and carrying out automatic modeling of a girder to obtain a girder model;
step 500, sequentially adding basic information of other components to generate three-dimensional models of the other components respectively; generating a steel plate girder bridge design drawing model by utilizing the girder model and the three-dimensional model of other components;
step 600, correcting and calculating each coordinate according to the pre-camber data of the bridge in the design drawing to generate a new main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis;
700, recalculating three-dimensional coordinates of each point by using a new main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis, and recalculating to obtain a steel plate girder bridge lofting model;
step 800, converting the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph by using the steel plate girder bridge lofting model, and obtaining the graph for lofting the component.
2. The method for lofting a steel plate girder bridge based on automatic modeling according to claim 1, wherein step 200, generating a girder datum line and an auxiliary axis according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, comprises the following processes:
step 201, determining three-dimensional coordinate data of a main node of a main beam according to a design drawing of a steel plate girder bridge, and generating a main beam datum line: according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, taking the fulcrum positions of all girder bridges as main nodes; determining three-dimensional coordinate data of main nodes of the main beam according to the three-dimensional coordinate data of the supporting points in the design drawing, and sequentially connecting the main nodes with straight lines along the axle axis direction in a beam bridge three-dimensional coordinate system to generate a main beam datum line;
step 202, according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, adding auxiliary nodes of the girder bridge on a girder datum line, and adding auxiliary axes on the girder datum line: determining the positions of a longitudinal rib plate and a node on the main beam as auxiliary nodes; determining the position information of each auxiliary node relative to the main node according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each auxiliary node; generating auxiliary nodes on the main beam datum line, and generating auxiliary axes by connecting the auxiliary nodes in a straight line to finish adding the auxiliary axes on the main beam datum line.
3. The method for lofting a steel plate girder bridge based on automatic modeling according to claim 2, wherein the step 600 of correcting and calculating each coordinate according to the pre-camber data of the girder bridge in the design drawing to generate a new girder datum line and an auxiliary axis comprises the following steps:
step 601, using main node data of a beam bridge and pre-camber data of the beam bridge, and adopting a B-Spline curve function to establish a main node curve;
step 602, correcting and calculating the coordinates of each auxiliary node by using the obtained main node curve;
and 603, sequentially connecting the main node and the auxiliary node by using a straight line, and generating a new main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis.
4. The method for lofting a steel plate girder bridge based on automatic modeling according to claim 1, wherein the step 800 of converting a three-dimensional model of a member into a two-dimensional figure using a steel plate girder bridge lofting model to obtain a graphic for lofting a member comprises the following steps:
for a component with negligible processing deformation, converting a three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph by using the steel plate girder bridge lofting model obtained in the step 700 to obtain a graph for lofting the component;
for a component with non-negligible processing deformation, correcting and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the starting point of the web by using an empirical formula of the shrinkage of the welding seam;
the formula of the transverse shrinkage of the double-sided piece broken corner weld joint is as follows:
Y＝0.001t 2 -0.0359t+0.5077
butt weld transverse shrinkage formula:
wherein Y represents the transverse shrinkage of the weld joint, and t represents the plate thickness;
creating a model for processing again by using the correction calculation result; and then converting the drawing into a two-dimensional drawing to obtain a final drawing figure.
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| CN110717213A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-21 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司电子计算技术研究所 | Rapid generation method and device for railway bridge BIM construction model |
| CN110820580A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-21 | 广州揽睿路桥设计有限公司 | Bridge rotation construction three-dimensional linear control technology based on BIM technology |
| CN113204812A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-08-03 | 中铁建工集团有限公司 | Method for creating bridge prestressed pipeline model by adopting Dynamo |
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| AU2012255685A1 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2013-12-12 | Roads And Maritime Services | Structure modelling and maintenance scheduling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106326580A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 广州地铁设计研究院有限公司 | Modeling and designing method for elevated structure BIM (Building Information Modeling) model |
| CN110717213A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-21 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司电子计算技术研究所 | Rapid generation method and device for railway bridge BIM construction model |
| CN110820580A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-21 | 广州揽睿路桥设计有限公司 | Bridge rotation construction three-dimensional linear control technology based on BIM technology |
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