CN113835755A - Method for realizing serial port console in operating system-free environment - Google Patents

Method for realizing serial port console in operating system-free environment Download PDF

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CN113835755A
CN113835755A CN202111121128.XA CN202111121128A CN113835755A CN 113835755 A CN113835755 A CN 113835755A CN 202111121128 A CN202111121128 A CN 202111121128A CN 113835755 A CN113835755 A CN 113835755A
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CN113835755B (en
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王雨龙
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Tianjin Jinhang Computing Technology Research Institute
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
    • G06F9/30003—Arrangements for executing specific machine instructions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
    • G06F9/30145—Instruction analysis, e.g. decoding, instruction word fields
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

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Abstract

The invention discloses a serial port console implementation method in an operating system-free environment, which is a serial port interaction method for a bare computer program without an embedded operating system. The invention can be adapted to the environment without an operating system, and a user can conveniently monitor the system operation information and carry out functional operation on the system.

Description

Method for realizing serial port console in operating system-free environment
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of computer software design, and relates to a serial port console implementation method in an operating system-free environment.
Background
The console interaction belongs to a common method of human-computer interaction, console equipment can print information in the operation process of an operating system in real time, can respond to instructions input by a user and feed back information required by the user, and belongs to important debugging and monitoring equipment in a computer control system, so that the console equipment can help the user to locate faults, monitor the state of the system, acquire system information and the like.
The operating system usually has a console function, for example, Linux and Windows operating systems can perform human-computer interaction in a graphical page, and for example, a real-time operating system without a graphical display interface, such as VxWorks, performs human-computer interaction through serial port input and output.
The serial port console belongs to a commonly used debugging method of a lower computer and can be used for printing system information. But does not have console functionality for lower computers that do not have an adapted operating system. In the debugging process, system printing can be carried out by using a console of an integrated development environment only by connecting a special debugging cable. However, the connection of the debugging cable in the system operation process usually affects the system operation timing sequence, and system interaction cannot be performed in the operation process.
Disclosure of Invention
Objects of the invention
The purpose of the invention is: the serial port interaction method is realized for a bare computer program without an embedded operating system, interaction instruction configuration can be carried out through a configuration file, command input is directly carried out through a serial port in the system running process, and running information of the system is obtained in real time.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for realizing a serial console in an operating system-free environment, which comprises the following steps:
s1: a user command structure body USR _ CMD is designed, and comprises 4 member variables, namely, the name of an instruction, namely Insname, of the instruction, a processing function pointer, namely InsTackle, of the instruction, pointing to a pointer nxt _ usrcmd, namely instruction prompt information, hintstr, of the next user command structure body USR _ CMD.
S2: a structure array cmdList is defined, the element type of the array is a user command structure USR _ CMD, and the structure array comprises all user command structures supported by the system.
S3: txt, a configuration file is designed, which includes all command line user command names that need to be loaded.
S4: and reading the content of the configuration file config.txt into a memory by using a file reading function fread () in the C standard library, performing traversal matching in a structure array cmdList, and transmitting the array elements successfully matched into a command adding function addcmd () to perform command adding operation.
S5: and realizing a command adding function addcmd () and adding the command into the linked list.
S6: and realizing a command acquisition function get _ cmd (), acquiring a command input by a user, storing the command into an array cmd _ buf, waiting for further analysis, receiving an ending character, setting the value of the currpos to be 0, and ending a receiving cycle. Upon receipt of the rollback character, the value of currpos is decremented by one. An unsigned character type variable currpos is defined indicating the position of the current process, with an initial value set to 0.
S7: and (5) carrying out character analysis on the command received in the step 6, and storing the analyzed information into two variables, namely parameter number argc and parameter list argv.
S8: and operating according to the analyzed information to realize a command search function find _ CMD (), assigning the searched command to a user command structure USR _ CMD variable cmdexc, and calling a processing function pointer Installle of the command to execute the user command.
(III) advantageous effects
The serial port console implementation method under the environment without the operating system provided by the technical scheme can be adapted to the environment without the operating system, and a user can conveniently monitor system operation information and carry out functional operation on the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for implementing the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for implementing a serial console in an operating system-free environment according to this embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, designing a user command structure USR _ CMD which comprises 4 member variables:
(1) the name lnname, type, of the instruction is set to an unsigned character pointer-type constant.
(2) And an instruction processing function pointer InsTackle, wherein two parameters of the processing function are a parameter number argc (the type is unsigned integer) and a parameter list argv (the type is unsigned character type secondary pointer), respectively.
(3) Pointer nxt _ usrcmd to the next user command structure USR _ CMD.
(4) Instruction hint information, hintstr, type is unsigned character pointer constant. A cmd _ buf array is defined, of the type unsigned character and of length set to MAX _ CMDBUF _ SIZE (set to 256 in this example).
S2, a structure array cmdList is defined, the element type of the array is a user command structure USR _ CMD, and all user commands supported by the system are stored in the structure array. Such as CAN bus check command "cancheck", network configuration command "netconfig", etc. The value of the pointer nxt _ usrcmd to the next user command structure USR _ CMD in all elements of the structure array is set to NULL.
Txt, the configuration file includes the names of all user commands to be loaded, and the names are stored in ASCII code form, such as "candock" and "netconfig" in S2, and the file is defined by the user.
And S4, reading the content of the configuration file config.txt into a memory by using a file reading function fread () in the C language standard library, performing traversal matching in a structure array cmdList, and transmitting the successfully matched array element (the user command structure USR _ CMD type) into S5 to perform addcmd () for command adding operation. The addcmd () function is implemented in S5.
S5, implementing addcmd () function for adding the command configured by the user into the linked list, wherein the function is shaped as a user command structure USR _ CMD type variable cmdadd and respectively defines a global static user command structure USR _ CMD type pointer variable head _ CMD and tail _ CMD. It is determined whether the head _ cmd is NULL (NULL pointer). If NULL (NULL pointer), both head _ cmd and tail _ cmd are assigned cmdadd. If not NULL, then assign value of nxt _ usrcmd as cmdadd for the member in tail _ cmd, and change the value of tail _ cmd to cmdadd, at which time initialization is complete. The get _ cmd () function is implemented to fetch the command on the bus in S6.
S6, realizing get _ cmd () function to obtain the command input by the user. The parameter is (i) an unsigned pointer type variable cmd _ buf, which represents the starting position of the buffer. ② the length of the buffer MAX _ CMDBUF _ SIZE (set to 256 in this example). An unsigned character type variable c is defined. An unsigned character type variable currpos is defined indicating the position of the current process, with an initial value set to 0. Filling all values of the length byte of the cmd _ buf with the starting address MAX _ CMDBUF _ SIZE to 0 by using a memory value setting function memset () in a C standard library, acquiring data on a bus in a while loop, acquiring data of one byte on the bus at a time by using a character acquisition function gettar (), returning the value as data C, and judging the character by using branch processing (switch): first, if the value is 0x08, 0x06, 0x07, 0x7E, 0x7F, it indicates that the user inputs the back key or the delete key, and it is determined whether the value of currpos is 0, and if not, the currpos minus one operation is performed. The value of the element in the array cmd _ buf with the subscript currpos is set to '\ 0'. ② if the value is '\ r' \ n '\ 0' indicating the end of the user input, the value of the curpos is set to 0 and the loop is ended. Thirdly, if the value is other values, whether the currpos is smaller than MAX _ CMDBUF _ SIZE is judged (set to 256 in the example), if the judgment is successful, the element with the subscript of currpos in the array cmd _ buf is assigned as the variable c, and the currpos is added with one. If the determination fails, the flow proceeds directly to S7.
And S7, performing character analysis on the command instruction received in the S6. Designing an enumeration type enumSTATE, including space WHITESPASE, TOKEN, character STRING, exit character ESCAPE; an enumerated enumSTATE variable laststate is defined, the initialization value is set to WHITESPACE, and an unsigned character variable c is defined, representing a string.
The command on the parameter analysis function parseargs analysis bus is realized, and the parameters comprise (i) an unsigned character type pointer pstr and (ii) the number argc of the analyzed user parameters, wherein the type is unsigned integer. ③ the type of the list data argv (length is 128 bytes) of the user parameter is of the unsigned character type. And taking a value according to the pointer pstr, and assigning the value to a variable c. And circularly judging whether c is 0 or not, and if not, defining an enumerated type enum state variable newState. If 0, the analysis is completed, and the process goes to S8.
(1) Judging whether the c values are satisfied simultaneously; 'lastState is not STRING and' lastState is not ESCAPE, if the condition is judged to be satisfied, the while loop is exited, and the process goes to S8.
(2) Judging whether lastState is ESCAPE
If the judgment is true, the value of newstate is assigned as stackedState, and the S7 is turned to perform a new round of judgment.
If the judgment is not true, respectively judging the following conditions from I to V:
i judges lastState as STRING and c as "" and if yes, assigns newstate as WHITESPACE. And assigning the value of the pstr to be 0. If the judgment is false, the newstate is assigned as STRING. And judging the condition II.
II, judging that c is ' or't ', if the judgment is successful, assigning the value of pstr to 0, assigning the value of newstar to WHITESPACE, and if the judgment is failed, judging the condition III.
And III, judging c to be "" and if the judgment is successful, assigning newstar to STRING, adding one to pstr, then carrying out value assignment and assigning 0 to pstr, assigning the value with the array subscript of argc + + to pstr, and if the judgment is failed, judging a condition IV.
IV judges c is' \ \ and if the judgment is successful, assigns lastState to stackedState. And assigning an ESCAPE value to newstate, and judging a condition V if the judgment fails.
V judges whether the value of lastState is WHITESPACE, if the judgment is successful, the value of the element with the subscript argc + + in the argv array is assigned to pstr. Newstation is assigned to TOKEN. The value of lastState is assigned to newState and pstr is incremented. If the judgment fails, the flow goes to S7 to make a new round of judgment. The parsed information is stored in two variables, argc and argv.
S8, operating according to the parsed information instruction (determined by two parameters of argc and argv),
(1) firstly, searching the analyzed user command, defining a user command structure USR _ CMD variable cmdexe, and performing command searching by using a command searching function find _ CMD () (the function is realized in (2)).
(2) The find _ cmd () function is implemented. The incoming argument is the instruction name, cmdname, type unsigned character pointer type. A user command structure USR CMD local pointer variable curr is defined. The curr is assigned a head _ cmd. A while loop is used to determine if curr is empty.
If it is empty, the loop is exited and the function returns a NULL value, and the process jumps to S7 for new instruction resolution.
If not, using character comparison function strcmp () in C standard library to judge whether the value of nxt _ usrcmd in curr is the same as the value of cmdname, and calculating the length of cmdname by character string length calculation function strlen () in C standard library. If the comparisons are equal, the curr value is returned. If not, the value of nxt _ usrcmd in curr is assigned to curr.
(3) Assigning the return value of the find _ cmd () function in (1) to the cmdexec, running the InsTackles pointed by the cmdexec, and setting parameters to argc and argv which are resolved in S2. At which point the user command is executed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A serial port console implementation method under the environment without an operating system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: designing a user command structure USR _ CMD, which comprises 4 member variables including the name Insname of a command, a processing function pointer Installle of the command, a pointer nxt _ usrcmd pointing to the next user command structure USR _ CMD and command prompt information hintstr;
s2: defining a structure array cmdList, wherein the element type of the array is a user command structure USR _ CMD, and the structure array comprises all user command structures supported by the system;
s3: txt, a configuration file is designed, and the configuration file comprises all command line user command names needing to be loaded;
s4: reading the content of the configuration file config.txt into a memory by using a file reading function fread () in a C standard library, performing traversal matching in a structure array cmdList, and transmitting array elements successfully matched into a command adding function addcmd () to perform command adding operation;
s5: the method comprises the steps of realizing a command adding function addcmd () and adding a command into a linked list;
s6: the command acquisition function get _ cmd (), the command input by the user is acquired and stored in an array cmd _ buf, further analysis is waited, a termination character is received, the value of the curpos is set to be 0, and the receiving cycle is terminated; when receiving the backspace character, carrying out a subtraction operation on the value of the currpos; defining an unsigned character type variable currpos, representing the current processing position, and setting an initial value to be 0;
s7: performing character analysis on the command received in the step S6, and storing the analyzed information in two variables, namely parameter number argc and parameter list argv;
s8: and operating according to the analyzed information to realize a command search function find _ CMD (), assigning the searched command to a user command structure USR _ CMD variable cmdexc, and calling a processing function pointer Installle of the command to execute the user command.
2. The serial console implementation method in the non-os environment of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the type of the name lnname of the command is set to be an unsigned character pointer constant; the processing function pointer InsTackle of the instruction includes two parameters, respectively: the number of the parameters argc is unsigned integer; a parameter list argv, the type of which is an unsigned character type secondary pointer; the instruction hint information hit type is an unsigned character pointer constant, defining a cmd _ buf array, the type is an unsigned character type, and the length is set to MAX _ CMDBUF _ SIZE.
3. The method for implementing a serial console in a no-os environment according to claim 2, wherein in step S2, the value of the pointer nxt _ usrcmd pointing to the next user command structure USR _ CMD in all elements in the structure array cmdList is set to NULL.
4. The serial console implementation method in an os-free environment according to claim 3, wherein in step S3, the user command name is stored in ASCII code form.
5. The serial console implementation method in a no-os environment as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step S5, the addcmd () function is shaped as a user command structure USR _ CMD type variable cmdadd, global static user command structure USR _ CMD type pointer variables head _ CMD and tail _ CMD are defined, respectively, whether the head _ CMD is NULL is determined, and if NULL, both the head _ CMD and the tail _ CMD are assigned as cmdadd; if not NULL, assigning the value of the member nxt _ usrcmd in the tail _ cmd as cmdadd, changing the value of the tail _ cmd into cmdadd, and finishing initialization.
6. The method for implementing a serial console in an OS-less environment as claimed in claim 5, wherein in said step S6, the parameters of get _ cmd () function include: firstly, an unsigned pointer type variable cmd _ buf represents the initial position of a buffer area; the length of the buffer MAX _ CMDBUF _ SIZE is set to 256; defining an unsigned character type variable c;
the get _ cmd () function is implemented as: and filling all values of the length bytes of the cmd _ buf with the starting address MAX _ CMDBUF _ SIZE to be 0 by using a memory value setting function memset () in the C standard library, acquiring data on the bus in while loop, acquiring data of one byte on the bus every time by using a character acquisition function gettar (), returning the value to be data C, and judging and processing the character by using a branch processing switch.
7. The method for implementing a serial console in an os-free environment according to claim 6, wherein in step S6, the determining process includes:
if the values are 0x08, 0x06, 0x07, 0x7E and 0x7F, the user inputs a rollback key or a delete key, meanwhile, whether the value of the currpos is 0 is judged, if not, a currpos subtraction operation is carried out, and the element value with the subscript of the currpos in the array cmd _ buf is set to be '\\ 0';
if the value is 'r' n '0' indicating the end of the user input, the value of currpos is set to 0 and the loop is ended;
if the value is other values, judging whether the currpos is smaller than MAX _ CMDBUF _ SIZE, if so, assigning the element with the subscript of currpos in the array cmd _ buf as a variable c, and adding one to the currpos; otherwise, go directly to step S7.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step S7, before the character parsing, an enumeration type enumSTATE is designed, which includes space WHITESPASE, TOKEN, character STRING and exit character ESCAPE; an enumeration type enumSTATE variable laststate is defined, an initialization value is set to WHITESPACE, and an unsigned character type variable c is defined, which represents a character string.
9. The method for implementing a serial console in an os-free environment as claimed in claim 8, wherein in step S7, the character parsing process is:
realizing the command on the parameter analysis function parseargs analysis bus, wherein the parameters comprise (i) an unsigned character type pointer pstr; secondly, the number argc of the analyzed user parameters is of an unsigned integer type; list data argv of user parameters, the type is an unsigned character type; taking a value according to the pointer pstr, assigning the value to a variable c, circularly judging whether c is 0, if not, defining an enumerated type enumSTATE variable newState, and continuing the following process; if 0, go to step S8;
(1) judging whether the c values are satisfied simultaneously; "lastState is not STRING and lastState is not ESCAPE, if the condition is judged to be satisfied, quitting while circulation and going to S8;
(2) judging whether lastState is ESCAPE
If the judgment is true, the value of the newstate is assigned as the stackedState, and the S7 is switched to carry out a new round of judgment;
if the judgment is not true, respectively judging the following conditions from I to V:
i, judging that lastState is STRING and c is "" at the same time, if the judgment is true, assigning the newstate to WHITESPACE; assigning a value of 0 after the pstr is taken; if the judgment is not true, the newstate is assigned as STRING, and a condition II is judged;
II, judging that c is ' or't ', if the judgment is successful, assigning the value of pstr to 0, assigning the value of newstar to WHITESPACE, and if the judgment is failed, judging a condition III;
III, judging c to be "" and if the judgment is successful, assigning newstar to STRING, adding one to pstr, then carrying out value assignment and assigning 0 to pstr, assigning the value with array subscript of argc + + to pstr, and if the judgment is failed, judging a condition IV;
IV, judging that c is' \ \ and if the judgment is successful, assigning lastState to stackedState; assigning an ESCAPE value to newstate, and judging a condition V if the judgment fails;
v, judging whether the value of lastState is WHITESPACE, and if the judgment is successful, assigning the value of an element with the subscript argc + + in the argv array as pstr; assigning newstate to TOKEN; assigning the value of lastState to newState, and adding one to pstr; if the judgment is failed, the step goes to S7 to carry out a new round of judgment; the parsed information is stored in two variables, argc and argv.
10. The method for implementing a serial console in an os-free environment according to claim 9, wherein said step S8 includes the following steps:
(1) firstly, searching an analyzed user command, defining a user command structure USR _ CMD variable cmdexe, and searching a command by using a command searching function find _ CMD ();
(2) a find _ CMD () function is realized, the transmitted parameter is the command name cmdname, the type is the unsigned character pointer type, a user command structure USR _ CMD local pointer variable curr is defined, the curr is assigned as head _ CMD, and a while loop is used for judging whether the curr is empty;
if the instruction is NULL, exiting the loop, and jumping to S7 to perform new instruction analysis when the function return value is NULL;
if not, judging whether the value of nxt _ usrcmd in curr is the same as the value of cmdname by using a character comparison function strcmp () in the C standard library, and calculating the length of cmdname by using a character string length calculation function strlen () in the C standard library; if the comparison is equal, returning the curr value; if not, assigning the value of nxt _ usrcmd in curr to curr;
(3) assigning the return value of the find _ cmd () function in the step (1) to the cmdexec, operating the InsTackles pointed by the cmdexec, and setting parameters to argc and argv analyzed in the step S2, wherein the user instruction is executed at the moment.
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