CN113834811A

CN113834811A - Automobile fuse box image acquisition system

Info

Publication number: CN113834811A
Application number: CN202110295094.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周晓东; 曹贺; 张卫信; 刘泽园; 杨宝金; 马国元
Original assignee: Changchun University of Technology
Current assignee: Changchun University of Technology
Priority date: 2021-03-19
Filing date: 2021-03-19
Publication date: 2021-12-24

Abstract

The invention relates to an automobile reality keeping and image acquisition system, which belongs to the field of industrial image data acquisition by adopting a machine vision technology, and comprises a workpiece clamping mechanism, a light source clamping mechanism and a camera clamping mechanism, wherein the workpiece clamping mechanism is detachable and provided with a positioning hole, a workpiece is controlled by an air pump to be sent to an optimal shooting position, only clamps are required to be replaced for image acquisition of workpieces of different models, the positioning hole is convenient for correcting pictures during image acquisition, the light source clamping mechanism is provided with a plurality of light source clamps, a plurality of strip-shaped light sources or annular light sources can be clamped simultaneously and multi-directionally and multi-angularly adjusted, and a camera clamping device can clamp different parts of a camera, so that the system is suitable for various operating conditions. The system has the advantages that the workpiece clamp is convenient to replace, the image acquisition of fuse boxes of different models can be met, the acquisition efficiency is effectively improved, and the model and the position of a light source can be adjusted at will. The system is simple and convenient to operate, low in requirements on working environment and high in working efficiency.

Description

Automobile fuse box image acquisition system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of automobile fuse box image acquisition devices by adopting a machine vision technology, and particularly relates to an automobile fuse box image acquisition system based on a machine vision system.

Background

The automobile fuse box is a device which mainly concentrates protective fuses of all electrical appliances on an installation carrier plate on an automobile, and mainly comprises fuses, a PCB (printed circuit board), an on-board relay, a shell and other devices. The automobile fuse box is provided with a connector opening, is connected with other electric devices through a wire harness and is connected into the automobile fuse box. The PCB circuit board connects the corresponding connector component to the designated fuse mounting position through wiring. The automobile fuse box has the maximum effect that when current suddenly increases due to the fact that a certain external electric device is aged and damaged and short-circuited, the fuse can be automatically fused, a connecting circuit is disconnected to cut off a power supply source at a corresponding position, and accordingly an automobile body, a connecting wire harness and peripheral electrical elements are protected.

The automobile fuse box is an important part in an automobile, and is a safety key for protecting the whole automobile and other parts from being damaged or even burning the automobile due to other conditions such as overcurrent and short circuit. Fuses at all positions are fuses of different amperes selected by designers according to actual connected loads, if the fuses are inserted wrongly, a certain load cannot work, and if the fuses are inserted wrongly, the load is damaged, and even the whole vehicle is burnt. The fuse box comprises fuse plug connectors, external pins and fuse pieces, wherein the fuse plug connectors and the external pins and the fuse pieces are different in color and character, and are used for current overload protection in a vehicle. Secondly, because the product price is relatively high, each detected product is required to have a status record no matter whether the product is qualified or not, and particularly, all fault reasons are required to be recorded for unqualified products so that manufacturers can analyze the reasons in a centralized manner to improve the processing technology.

The automobile fuse box is divided into two parts, namely whether the position of each fuse piece is correctly inserted or not is detected: the safety disc is a standard part, and the safety discs with different colors represent different current overload values. In order to ensure that the correct current limiting is performed on different loops in the circuit, the positions and colors of all safety plates must be correct. The original detection mode is that whether the inserting position and the color of the safety sheet are correct or not is identified by naked eyes by workers when the safety sheet is detected through a manual detection mode, and then a detector uses a universal meter to detect the on-off state of each loop one by one. In the traditional detection process, the influence of human factors is large, so that the product quality cannot be strictly guaranteed, and the detection efficiency is low. For large batches of orders, the inspection process can create bottlenecks and can also result in unacceptable product flow to the market. Therefore, it becomes important to design and develop a set of automatic image acquisition equipment for the fuse box of the automobile.

The machine vision is a comprehensive technology which is followed by the leading edge of the times, the related fields are computers, mechanical engineering, automation and the like, and the automation degree and the timeliness can be effectively improved by applying the machine vision technology to industrial production. A complete machine vision system comprises a camera, a lens, a light source, image processing software and the like, and a clear and high-quality picture is particularly important in industrial detection so as to obtain effective information required by people in the image for further image processing. When the image is collected, the quality of the image is affected by the placement of the workpiece, the number and placement of the light sources, and the clamping position and height of the camera. Moreover, for fuse box pieces to be tested with different shapes and different batches, the rapid and efficient detection is also an aspect of the current problem to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention carries out research and design around a workpiece image acquisition device which is significant in the detection of the automobile fuse box and provides an automobile fuse box image acquisition system.

An image acquisition system of an automobile fuse box comprises a workpiece clamping mechanism 1, a light source clamping mechanism 2 and a camera clamping mechanism 3. The workpiece clamping mechanism 1 is composed of a base 1-1, an air cylinder 1-2, a sliding plate 1-3, a movable blocking piece 1-4 and a pin 1-5. The light source clamping mechanism 2 is composed of a frame 2-1, a sliding mechanism 2-2 and a clamping mechanism 2-3. Wherein the sliding mechanism 2-2 consists of a sliding part 2-2-1, a hexagon socket screw 2-2-2 and a screw 2-2-3, and the clamping mechanism 2-3 consists of a light source clamp 2-3-1, an adjusting screw 2-3-2 and a pressing sheet 2-3-3. The camera clamping mechanism 3 is composed of a connecting arm 3-2 of a connecting block 3-1, a camera clamp 3-3, an adjusting screw 3-4, a pressing sheet 3-5 and an inner hexagon screw 3-6.

The workpiece clamping mechanism 1 is composed of a base 1-1, an air cylinder 1-2, a sliding plate 1-3, a movable blocking piece 1-4 and a pin 1-5. The cylinder shaft and the sliding rail which are welded and do not need to be assembled and disassembled are arranged on the base 1-1, the cylinder 1-2 is installed on the base 1-1, the cylinder 1-2 is fixed on the base 1-1 through screw connection, the sliding rail is arranged on the base 1-1, the sliding plate 1-3 is installed on the sliding rail through a sliding way, the sliding rail is provided with a movable blocking piece 1-4 used for limiting the sliding range of the sliding plate, and the cylinder 1-2 is connected with the sliding plate 1-3 through a pin 1-5. The sliding plate is provided with a stepped groove for limiting the position of a workpiece to be measured and two positioning holes for positioning the workpiece to be measured.

The camera fixture comprises a base 1-1, a sliding plate 1-3, a movable blocking piece 1-4 and a light source fixture, wherein the base 1-1 is provided with a cylindrical shaft for mounting a camera fixture and the light source fixture, the sliding plate 1-1 is provided with a sliding rail, the sliding plate 1-3 is mounted on the sliding rail through a sliding way to realize free movement on the sliding rail, the sliding rail is provided with the movable blocking piece, and the blocking piece is adjusted to freely slide on the sliding rail to control the limit position of the sliding plate 1-3. The base 1-1 is provided with an air cylinder 1-2, the tail end of the air cylinder is connected with an air pump, the expansion and contraction of the air pressure rod are realized by adjusting the air supply and air discharge of an air cylinder switch, the air cylinder 1-2 is connected with the sliding plate 1-3 through a pin 1-5, and therefore the movement of the sliding plate is realized by controlling the air cylinder switch. The sliding plate 1-3 is provided with a step groove according to the shape of the automobile fuse box to be detected and used for clamping the piece to be detected to prevent displacement, and the sliding plate 1-3 is provided with two circular positioning holes used for positioning the workpiece during detection. The sliding plates 1-3 are detachable devices, the sliding plates can be simply assembled and disassembled by adjusting the pins 1-5, the sliding plates 1-3 can be designed and set to be different in model according to the outline of the fuse box to be detected, when the fuse box detecting device is used for industrial production detection, the fuse boxes with different batches and different shapes can be detected by replacing the sliding plates with different models, and the purpose that all batches of workpiece detection can be carried out by the unified detection device is achieved.

The automobile fuse boxes of different models have different specifications and shapes, but the same points are all clamping grooves, and the fuse box to be tested is placed in the stepped groove of the sliding plate, so that the clamping grooves of the fuse box and the stepped groove of the sliding plate are matched with each other to fix the position of the fuse box to be tested.

The light source clamping mechanism 2 is composed of a frame 2-1, a sliding mechanism 2-2, a clamping mechanism 2-3 and a connecting mechanism 2-4. The connecting mechanism 2-4 is composed of a connecting block 2-4-1 and an adjusting nut 2-4-2, wherein the connecting block 2-4-1 is arranged on a fixed shaft of the base, and the position of the connecting block is adjusted and fixed by matching with the adjusting nut 2-4-2. The frame is arranged on the connecting block 2-4-1 through an inner hexagon screw 2-4-3. Each edge of the frame 2-1 is provided with a sliding mechanism and a clamping mechanism, namely the structure consists of 4 groups of sliding mechanisms and 4 groups of clamping mechanisms. The sliding mechanism 2-2 consists of a sliding part 2-2-1, a hexagon socket head cap screw 2-2 and a screw 2-2-3, and the clamping mechanism consists of a light source clamp 2-3-1, an adjusting screw 2-3-2 and a pressing sheet 2-3-3. The frame 2-1 is provided with a sliding part 2-2-1 which is matched with the frame through a hexagon socket head cap screw 2-2-2, the sliding part 2-2-1 is connected with a light source clamp 2-3-1 through a screw 2-2-3, and in the clamping mechanism, the light source clamp 2-3-1 is used by matching and adjusting the screw 2-3-2 with a pressing sheet 2-3-1. Each light source clamp is provided with two round holes respectively, each light source clamp is matched with two adjusting screws 2-3-2 and two pressing sheets 2-3-3 for use, the light source clamp is used for mounting a light source, the mounting mode is not limited to single or two light sources, nor to a strip light source, and according to the change of the shape and the size of the light source, the light source can be clamped and fixed by matching the adjusting screws 2-3-2 and the pressing sheets 2-3-3.

The tail part of the frame 2-1 is provided with a step-shaped key groove, and a long inner hexagon screw which penetrates through the key groove can be combined and fixed on the base and the cylindrical shaft. Each edge of the frame 2-1 is provided with a through hole, the sliding part 2-2-1 is provided with a through key groove, and the inner hexagonal screw 2-2-2 is matched with the frame 2-1, so that the distance between the position of a light source and the center of the frame can be adjusted at will, the sliding part 2-2-1 and the light source clamp 2-3-1 are matched through the screw 2-2-3 to adjust the included angle between the sliding part and the light source clamp, and the angle of the light source can be adjusted at will, so that the use conditions of selection, placement and the like of the light source during image acquisition are met.

The light source can be a bar light source or an annular light source, when the light source is selected to be the bar light source, the LED light sources with the same brightness are uniformly installed on the light source clamp, the bar LED light source is composed of a lamp bead, a lamp panel and a metal shell, the lamp bead is uniformly installed on the lamp panel, the metal shell is used for protecting and supporting the lamp bead and the lamp panel, and meanwhile, the light source is fixed when the light source is clamped tightly. When the selected light source is an annular light source, the annular light source is arranged on the light source clamp in four directions, the annular LED light source is also composed of a lamp bead, a lamp panel and a metal shell, the lamp panel is annular, the lamp beads are uniformly arranged on the lamp panel, and the shell is used for protecting the lamp panel and the lamp beads and fixing the lamp panel and the lamp beads. This light source can highlight the change of testee edge and height, highlights the part that is difficult to see originally clearly, and lamp pearl evenly distributed is on the lamp plate for can give out even light when shining.

The tail part of the frame 2-1 is provided with a step-shaped key groove, and the step-shaped key groove is fixed on a cylindrical shaft of the base through a long inner hexagon screw penetrating through the key groove, so that the installation is simple and convenient, and the time, the labor and the space are saved. The screws are flush with the frame 2-1 through installation, and the loose long socket head cap screws can be adjusted in 4 degrees of freedom in the front-back direction and the left-right direction. The light source clamp 2-3-1, the adjusting screw 2-3-2 matched with the light source clamp and the pressing sheet 2-3-3 are used for clamping the light source, and soft pads are arranged at the clamping positions of the inner side edge of the light source clamp 2-3-1 and the pressing sheet 2-3-3, so that the friction force between the light source clamp and the light source is increased, and the light source cannot be damaged when the light source is clamped.

The camera clamping device 3 is composed of a connecting block 3-1, a connecting arm 3-2, a camera clamp 3-3, an adjusting screw 3-4, a pressing sheet 3-5 and an inner hexagon screw 3-6. The installation mode of the connecting block 3-1 is the same as that of the connecting block 2-4-1 in the light source clamping mechanism, and the description is omitted here. The connecting arm 3-2 is arranged on the connecting block 3-1 and fixed through an inner hexagon screw in a similar way to a frame in the light source clamping mechanism. Two vertical holes and two transverse holes are formed in one end of the connecting arm 3-2, the camera clamp 3-2 is installed at the end and fixed through the hexagon socket head cap screws 3-6, similarly, the adjusting screw 3-4 and the pressing sheet 3-5 are installed on the camera furniture, and the camera can be clamped and loosened through the adjusting screw 3-5.

The cameras can be cameras of various models and different sizes, and the cameras of different sizes can be installed by adjusting the screw rods 3-4. When the tail end of the camera is connected with a complex circuit, the installation position of the camera clamp 3-3 may influence the clamping of the camera, the inner hexagon screws are adjusted, the clamp is installed on the two cross holes, and the change of the installation position and the installation mode of the camera can be realized. The sheeting is also provided with a soft pad, both to increase the friction between it and the camera, and also to enable the camera to be undamaged when the light source is clamped.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an automotive fuse box image acquisition system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a light source fixture mechanism;

FIG. 3 is an assembly view of a square frame and a slider;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an assembly view of the light source fixture and the adjustment rod with the wafer;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an assembly view of the slider and the light source fixture;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the workpiece clamping mechanism;

FIG. 10 is an exploded view of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an assembled view of the cylinder and the slide plate;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a camera fixture;

fig. 13 is an exploded view of fig. 12.

Detailed Description

The following figures illustrate the present invention in further detail in conjunction with the above figures.

The invention discloses an image acquisition system for an automobile fuse box. As shown in the figure, the connecting block 3-1 can move in the vertical direction and rotate in the left-right direction by adjusting the nut, so that the installation position of the camera is adjusted. The position of the connecting arm 3-2 on the connecting block 3-1 can be changed by adjusting the socket head cap screws 3-6, so that the connecting arm can move back and forth, and the camera can move in six freedom directions. The camera can be clamped and disassembled by adjusting the adjusting screw rods 3-4, and when the tail of the camera affects a wiring harness for clamping the camera, the mounting position of the camera clamp 3-3 is changed, the camera clamp is mounted on the cross hole, and the camera clamping mode is changed. At this point, the camera is clamped completely.

The up-down, left-right and front-back movement of the device is adjusted by adjusting a long socket head cap screw penetrating through a key slot on the frame 2-1 and an object on which the device is arranged so as to realize the movement with 6 degrees of freedom. Namely, the light source can be adjusted in position in the horizontal direction and the vertical plane, and any degree of freedom can be freely adjusted according to the placement position of the object to be measured; a socket head cap screw 2-2-2 is matched between the sliding part 2-2-1 and the frame 2-1, and the relative movement of the sliding part 2-2-1 and the frame 2-1 can be realized through adjusting the screw, so that the position of the light source relative to the center of the frame is adjusted, and the illumination range is adjusted; the light source clamp 2-3-1 is connected with the sliding part 2-2-1 through the screw 2-2-3, so that the light source clamp 2-3-1 and the sliding part 2-2-1 can rotate mutually to adjust the placing angle of a light source and realize illumination at different angles; the light sources with different sizes and thicknesses can be clamped by adjusting the adjusting screw 2-3-2 matched with the light source clamp 2-3-1; when the required light source is a ring light source, the four light source clamps are adjusted to be vertically downward, the ring light source is clamped in four mutually perpendicular directions, and meanwhile, the position of the sliding piece 2-2-1 relative to the frame 2-1 is adjusted, so that the ring light sources with different diameters can be installed. At this point the light source is installed.

The light source clamp and the camera clamp penetrate through a cylindrical shaft on the base 1-1 to be fixed in position, the base 1-1 is provided with an air cylinder 1-2, the sliding plate 1-3 is installed on the base 1-1 in a matched mode through a sliding rail, a movable blocking piece 1-4 is installed on the sliding rail, a pin 1-5 is installed between the sliding plate 1-3 and the air cylinder 1-2, and installation of equipment is completed. The adjusting cylinder switch is adjusted to enable the sliding plate to move out, objects to be detected are convenient to place, the automobile fuse box to be detected is placed in the stepped groove of the sliding plate, the fuse box to be detected is just clamped on the sliding plate at the moment, fixing is completed, the adjusting cylinder switch is adjusted to retract the sliding plate to a proper position, the position can be changed by adjusting the movable blocking pieces 1-4, and the adjusting cylinder switch can be adjusted in time according to the positions of the camera clamp and the light source clamp to achieve the best detection effect. At this time, the slide plate 1-3 is provided with two positioning circular holes for providing reference points and correcting pictures during detection. The sliding plates 1-3 are detachable, and in industrial detection, due to the fact that fuse boxes of different types are different in shape, detection of fuse boxes of different types of automobiles can be conducted by replacing the sliding plates, and the automobile fuse box detection device is convenient, fast and easy to operate.

After the camera, the light source and the workpiece are installed, the automobile fuse box image can be acquired.

This image acquisition system, the function lies in, and this system can realize the image acquisition to car fuse box work piece fast to supporting have camera clamping device and light source clamping device, can provide a good operational environment in the collection process, and the work piece holder in this system is detachable, can carry out image acquisition to the car fuse box of different models equidimensions, uses in industry part image acquisition field.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An image acquisition system for an automobile fuse box comprises a workpiece clamping mechanism (1), a light source clamping mechanism (2) and a camera clamping mechanism (3), wherein the workpiece clamping mechanism (1) comprises a base (1-1), an air cylinder (1-2), a sliding plate (1-3), a movable blocking piece (1-4) and a pin (1-5). The light source clamping mechanism (2) is composed of a frame (2-1) and a sliding mechanism (2-2) and a clamping mechanism (2-3). The sliding mechanism (2-2) consists of a sliding part (2-2-1), an inner hexagon screw (2-2-2) and a screw rod (2-2-3), and the clamping mechanism (2-3) consists of a light source clamp (2-3-1), an adjusting screw rod (2-3-2) and a pressing sheet (2-3-3). The camera clamping mechanism (3) is composed of a connecting block (3-1), a connecting arm (3-2), a camera clamp (3-3), an adjusting screw rod (3-4), a pressing sheet (3-5) and an inner hexagon screw (3-6). The workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a workpiece clamping mechanism base, a light source clamp and a camera clamp, wherein the workpiece clamping mechanism base is provided with a cylindrical shaft and a sliding rail which are welded and do not need to be assembled and disassembled, the cylindrical shaft is used for fixing the light source clamp and the camera clamp, the sliding rail is used for installing a sliding plate (1-3), and a movable blocking piece (1-4) is installed on the sliding rail and used for limiting the position of the sliding plate (1-3) on the sliding rail. The air cylinder (1-2) is arranged on the base, and the air cylinder (1-2) is provided with a switch device. The sliding plate (1-3) is arranged on the base (1-1) through a sliding rail, a pin (1-5) is connected between the sliding plate and the cylinder (1-2), and the sliding plate (1-3) stretches through adjusting the opening and closing of the cylinder (1-2). Slide mechanism (2-2) and fixture (2-3) all have 4, install respectively on every edge of frame (2-1), adjusting screw (2-3-2) total 8, all install 2 adjusting screw (2-3-2) on every light source anchor clamps (-3-1), frame (2-1) afterbody is opened has the notch cuttype keyway, combines the long hexagon socket head cap screw that runs through the keyway to fix on other objects, plays fixed and regulation effect, and this object can be the support, also can be the wall. Each edge of the frame (2-1) is provided with a through hole, the sliding part (2-2-1) is provided with a through mounting groove and is matched with the frame (2-1) through a short inner hexagon screw (2-2-2), the light source clamp (2-3-1) is mounted on the sliding part (2-2-1) through a screw (2-2-3), and each light source clamp (2-3-1) is provided with two through holes which are matched with an adjusting screw (2-3-2) and a pressing sheet (2-3-3) for use. In the camera clamping mechanism (3), the installation mode of the connecting block (3-1) is the same as that of the connecting block (2-4-1) in the light source clamping mechanism. The connecting arm (3-2) is arranged on the connecting block (3-1) and fixed through an inner hexagon screw, and the mounting mode is similar to that of a frame in the light source clamping mechanism. One end of the connecting arm (3-2) is provided with two vertical holes and two transverse holes, the camera clamp (3-2) is arranged at the end and is fixed through an inner hexagon screw (3-6), and similarly, the camera furniture is provided with an adjusting screw (3-4) and a pressing sheet (3-5), and the camera can be adjusted through the adjusting screw (3-5).

2. The image acquisition system for the automobile fuse box according to claim 1, wherein the sliding plate (3) in the device is installed on a sliding rail of the base (1) and is detachable, the sliding plate can be detached easily, and when the automobile fuse box workpieces of different types and different shapes are detected, the detection of different automobile fuse box workpieces can be realized only by replacing the sliding plate with different clamping grooves without adjusting other devices.

3. The image capturing system for fuse boxes of automobiles according to claim 1, wherein the light source fixture in the device is provided with 4 fixtures, and when the light source is a bar light source, 1-4 bar light sources can be clamped at the same time. The sliding piece (2-1) is connected with the light source clamp (3-1) through a screw rod, and the angle of the light source clamp (3-1) can be adjusted by adjusting the screw rod, so that irradiation of different angles to a workpiece is realized. The size of the light source irradiation area can be adjusted by adjusting the positions of the sliding piece (2-1) and the square frame (1). The annular light source can be clamped, 4 light source clamps (3-1) are respectively clamped at the periphery of the annular light source, and the clamping of the annular light sources with different sizes can be realized by adjusting the positions of the sliding parts (2-1).

4. The image acquisition system for the automobile fuse box according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting arm (3-2) in the camera clamping mechanism is provided with two vertical holes and two horizontal holes, and the connecting arm can be installed with the camera clamp (3-3) horizontally or vertically, when the tail part of the used camera has no wiring harness which hinders clamping, the camera can be clamped transversely, and when the tail part of the camera has the wiring harness which hinders clamping, the clamping directions of the connecting arm (3-2) and the camera clamp (3-3) can be changed, so that clamping under different camera states is ensured.