CN113829835A - Thermal management method of electric automobile and vehicle - Google Patents
Thermal management method of electric automobile and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
- B60H1/00764—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models the input being a vehicle driving condition, e.g. speed
- B60H1/00771—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models the input being a vehicle driving condition, e.g. speed the input being a vehicle position or surrounding, e.g. GPS-based position or tunnel
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention provides a thermal management method of an electric automobile and the vehicle, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the vehicle navigation mode, acquiring a navigation route of a vehicle according to the current position of the vehicle and a preset target position, and segmenting the navigation route to obtain a plurality of navigation road sections; acquiring current environment information of a vehicle and a current vehicle running state; acquiring a thermal management control strategy from a preset thermal management control strategy library according to a road condition corresponding to a next navigation road section of the vehicle, current environment information and a current vehicle running state; adopting a thermal management control strategy on the next navigation section to correspondingly control a thermal management system of the vehicle; according to the invention, the navigation route is segmented, the vehicle state and the environmental information are monitored, the optimal thermal management control strategy of each road section is found out, the segmented thermal management control is realized, the energy can be effectively saved, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the continuation of the journey mileage of the vehicle is improved, so that the achievement of the target mileage is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a thermal management method of an electric automobile and a vehicle.
Background
With the increasingly prominent world environmental protection problems and energy crisis, new energy electric vehicles with the characteristics of fuel energy conservation, low exhaust emission, less pollution, low noise and the like become the targets pursued by people. At present, the development and popularization of electric vehicles face many challenges, for example, at present, electric vehicles utilize a thermal management system and an air conditioner for heat exchange to dissipate heat of batteries, heat power batteries at low temperature, and mainly adopt PTC to heat power batteries. The actual condition in the driving process is not considered in the conventional heat management mode, so that the heat management system of the vehicle has the condition of energy waste, the energy utilization rate is low, and the endurance mileage of the vehicle is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a thermal management method for an electric vehicle and a vehicle, which can effectively save energy and improve energy utilization rate, thereby improving the driving range of the vehicle.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal management method for an electric vehicle, including:
in a vehicle navigation mode, acquiring a navigation route of a vehicle according to the current position of the vehicle and a preset target position, and segmenting the navigation route to obtain a plurality of navigation road sections;
acquiring current environment information of a vehicle and a current vehicle running state;
acquiring a thermal management control strategy from a preset thermal management control strategy library according to a road condition corresponding to a next navigation road section of the vehicle, current environment information and a current vehicle running state;
and correspondingly controlling a thermal management system of the vehicle by adopting the thermal management control strategy in the next navigation section.
As an improvement of the above, the method further comprises:
according to various pre-stored road condition and environmental information, working modes of the thermal management system in a vehicle running state and thermal management energy consumption in corresponding working modes, a working mode corresponding to the lowest thermal management energy consumption in any road condition and environmental information is excavated by adopting a machine learning algorithm and is used as a thermal management control strategy in any road condition and environmental information;
and storing the mined thermal management control strategy into a preset thermal management control strategy library.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the obtaining a thermal management control policy from a preset thermal management control policy library according to a road condition corresponding to a next navigation section of the vehicle, current environmental information, and a current vehicle operating state includes:
and according to the road condition corresponding to the next navigation road section, the current environment information and the current vehicle running state, performing matching search on the thermal management control strategy library to obtain a control strategy corresponding to the road condition corresponding to the next navigation road section and the current environment information.
As an improvement of the scheme, the thermal management control strategy comprises fan rotating speed control of the thermal management system, target water temperature control, water pump rotating speed control of the thermal management system and valve body control of the thermal management system, and the thermal management control strategy further comprises one of cooling mode control and heating mode control.
As an improvement of the above solution, when the thermal management strategy includes cooling mode control, the correspondingly controlling a thermal management system of the vehicle by using the thermal management control strategy in the next navigation segment includes:
predicting the thermal management energy consumption of the road condition of the next navigation road section according to the thermal management control strategy;
according to the thermal management energy consumption, judging the cooling requirement of the road condition of the next navigation road section;
when the cooling demand is a preset high cooling demand, cooling control is carried out on a thermal management system of the vehicle by adopting the thermal management control strategy in the next navigation road section;
when the cooling demand is a preset inter-cooling demand, maintaining the current cooling state of the thermal management system;
and when the cooling demand is a preset low cooling demand, adjusting the cooling threshold of the thermal management system.
As an improvement of the above scheme, when the thermal management strategy includes heating mode control, the step of correspondingly controlling the thermal management system of the vehicle by adopting the thermal management control strategy in the next navigation segment includes:
when the vehicle meets the preset motor feedback condition, heating control is carried out on a thermal management system of the vehicle by adopting the thermal management control strategy on the next navigation road section;
wherein the motor feedback condition includes: when the driving range of the vehicle is smaller than the current display range, the allowable charging power of the battery of the vehicle is smaller than the preset power threshold value, and the vehicle is in a throttle release state.
As an improvement of the above, the method further includes the following travelable range calculation process:
acquiring the reference energy consumption of the vehicle under the current vehicle running state and the current environmental information according to a preset reference energy consumption model; the reference energy consumption model is obtained by correcting the actual energy consumption of the vehicle under different vehicle running states and environmental information;
and calculating the driving range according to the reference energy consumption and the residual energy.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the reference energy consumption model includes a reference energy consumption curve corresponding to the vehicle running state and a reference energy consumption matrix corresponding to the environmental information;
then, the method further comprises:
correcting the reference energy consumption curve according to the actual energy consumption of the vehicle in different vehicle running states;
and correcting the reference energy consumption matrix according to the actual energy consumption of the vehicle under different environmental information.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the obtaining of the reference energy consumption of the vehicle under the current vehicle operating state and the current environmental information according to the preset reference energy consumption model includes:
acquiring dynamic reference energy consumption of the vehicle in the current vehicle running state according to the corrected reference energy consumption curve;
acquiring static reference energy consumption of the vehicle under the current environmental information according to the corrected reference energy consumption matrix;
and obtaining the reference energy consumption according to the dynamic reference energy consumption and the static reference energy consumption.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, including:
one or more processors;
a memory for storing one or more programs; when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method for thermal management of an electric vehicle according to any one of the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: by segmenting the navigation route and monitoring the vehicle state and the environment information, an optimal thermal management control strategy is obtained according to the road condition and the environment information of each navigation road section and the vehicle running state, segmented thermal management control is realized, energy can be effectively saved, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the continuation of the journey mileage of the vehicle is improved to provide guarantee for achieving the target mileage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a thermal management method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a thermal management method for an electric vehicle, including:
s11: in a vehicle navigation mode, acquiring a navigation route of a vehicle according to the current position of the vehicle and a preset target position, and segmenting the navigation route to obtain a plurality of navigation road sections;
the road conditions of two adjacent navigation road sections are different; the road conditions comprise an uphill road condition, a downhill road condition, a high-speed road condition, an urban road condition and the like.
S12: acquiring current environment information of a vehicle and a current vehicle running state;
the current vehicle running state comprises the vehicle speed, the working state of energy-consuming accessories, the pedal opening degree, the heat management information and the like, and the current environmental information comprises weather, wind speed, air density, ambient temperature and the like.
S13: acquiring a thermal management control strategy from a preset thermal management control strategy library according to a road condition corresponding to a next navigation road section of the vehicle, current environment information and a current vehicle running state;
s14: and correspondingly controlling a thermal management system of the vehicle by adopting the thermal management control strategy in the next navigation section.
In the embodiment of the invention, the navigation route is segmented, the vehicle state and the environment information are monitored, the optimal thermal management control strategy is obtained according to the road condition and the environment information of each navigation road section and the vehicle running state, the segmented thermal management control is realized, the energy can be effectively saved, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the continuation of the journey mileage of the vehicle is improved, so that the guarantee is provided for achieving the target mileage.
In an optional embodiment, the method further comprises:
according to various pre-stored road condition and environmental information, working modes of the thermal management system in a vehicle running state and thermal management energy consumption in corresponding working modes, a working mode corresponding to the lowest thermal management energy consumption in any road condition and environmental information is excavated by adopting a machine learning algorithm and is used as a thermal management control strategy in any road condition and environmental information;
and storing the mined thermal management control strategy into a preset thermal management control strategy library.
In order to better extract effective thermal management control information, the information fusion is carried out on environmental information such as various road conditions, environmental temperature, wind speed and air density and the thermal management information of the vehicle, the optimal thermal management control strategy which achieves the same refrigeration/heating effect and is lowest in energy consumption is extracted by adopting a machine learning algorithm according to the result obtained after the information fusion, the thermal management control strategy is stored in a preset thermal management control strategy library, the optimal control strategy is provided for the subsequent thermal management of the vehicle, and the lowest energy consumption is ensured when the same refrigeration/heating effect is achieved.
In an optional embodiment, the obtaining a thermal management control policy from a preset thermal management control policy library according to a road condition corresponding to a next navigation road segment of a vehicle, current environment information, and a current vehicle operating state includes:
and according to the road condition corresponding to the next navigation road section, the current environment information and the current vehicle running state, performing matching search on the thermal management control strategy library to obtain a control strategy corresponding to the road condition corresponding to the next navigation road section and the current environment information.
Further, the thermal management control strategy comprises fan rotating speed control of the thermal management system, target water temperature control, water pump rotating speed control of the thermal management system and valve body control of the thermal management system, and the thermal management control strategy further comprises one of cooling mode control and heating mode control.
In an optional embodiment, when the thermal management strategy includes a cooling mode control, the performing a corresponding control on a thermal management system of the vehicle by using the thermal management control strategy in the next navigation segment includes:
predicting the thermal management energy consumption of the road condition of the next navigation road section according to the thermal management control strategy;
according to the thermal management energy consumption, judging the cooling requirement of the road condition of the next navigation road section;
when the cooling demand is a preset high cooling demand, cooling control is carried out on a thermal management system of the vehicle by adopting the thermal management control strategy in the next navigation road section;
when the cooling demand is a preset inter-cooling demand, maintaining the current cooling state of the thermal management system;
and when the cooling demand is a preset low cooling demand, adjusting the cooling threshold of the thermal management system.
The cooling requirements of the vehicle in the embodiment of the invention are divided into three grades, namely high grade, medium grade and low grade, and one road condition corresponds to one cold area requirement. The navigation method comprises the steps of segmenting a navigation route under the condition that the vehicle starts navigation, planning the cooling requirement of the next road condition in advance according to the road segmentation condition, planning the thermal management control strategy of the next road condition in advance, achieving the minimum thermal management energy consumption when the destination is reached, saving energy as far as possible, and providing more allowance for ensuring the mileage target.
In an optional embodiment, when the thermal management strategy includes heating mode control, the performing corresponding control on the thermal management system of the vehicle by using the thermal management control strategy in the next navigation segment includes:
when the vehicle meets the preset motor feedback condition, heating control is carried out on a thermal management system of the vehicle by adopting the thermal management control strategy on the next navigation road section;
wherein the motor feedback condition includes: when the driving range of the vehicle is smaller than the current display range, the allowable charging power of the battery of the vehicle is smaller than the preset power threshold value, and the vehicle is in a throttle release state.
In the embodiment of the invention, the driving range of the vehicle is compared with the displayed range, if the driving range is smaller than the displayed range, the allowable charging power of the battery is smaller than the preset power threshold value and the vehicle is in a throttle release state, the feedback requirement of the motor is indicated, and if the control is not carried out, the motor can only carry out feedback or not carry out feedback with small power. In order to optimize energy consumption, when the feedback requirement of the motor is determined, the battery heating is started according to the feedback requirement of the motor, so that the feedback energy is converted into the energy for heating the battery, the motor provides larger feedback force, the braking loss is reduced, meanwhile, the battery activity can be improved by heating the battery, and the available energy of the battery is increased.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises the following range calculation process:
acquiring the reference energy consumption of the vehicle under the current vehicle running state and the current environmental information according to a preset reference energy consumption model; the reference energy consumption model is obtained by correcting the actual energy consumption of the vehicle under different vehicle running states and environmental information;
and calculating the driving range according to the reference energy consumption and the residual energy.
Specifically, the calculating the driving range according to the reference energy consumption and the remaining energy of the vehicle includes:
obtaining an estimated mileage according to the reference energy consumption and the current residual energy of the vehicle;
filtering the estimated mileage;
adjusting the refreshing time and the refreshing step length according to the change rule of the driving range of the vehicle before the current moment;
adjusting the estimated mileage after filtering according to the adjusted refreshing time and the refreshing step length;
judging whether the estimated mileage after adjustment is reasonable or not;
and when the adjusted estimated mileage is judged to be reasonable, taking the adjusted estimated mileage as the driving range.
Specifically, the determining whether the adjusted estimated mileage is reasonable includes:
judging whether the adjusted estimated mileage falls within a corresponding mileage interval; the upper limit of the mileage interval is calculated according to the residual energy of the vehicle, the minimum energy consumption of the vehicle under the current driving state and the current environmental information, and the lower limit of the mileage interval is calculated according to the residual energy of the vehicle and the maximum energy consumption of the vehicle under the current driving state;
if so, judging that the estimated mileage after adjustment is reasonable;
if not, the adjusted estimated mileage is judged to be unreasonable.
In the embodiment of the invention, because the estimated mileage can use the actual energy consumption in the driving process, the energy consumption fluctuation range is larger, and the calculated estimated mileage has larger fluctuation, therefore, the invention removes some interference by carrying out certain filtering control, such as low-pass filtering control and limiting filtering control, and simultaneously controls the refreshing step length and the refreshing time of the mileage rising or descending according to the actual driving mileage change condition, so that the mileage change meets the psychological expectation of a driver. And finally, reasonably protecting the estimated mileage according to the residual capacity, and preventing the mileage from being not in accordance with the actual situation caused by abnormal interference in the mileage calculation process, for example, the residual energy is 50kwh, the actual driving mileage can be between 150-280 km, and if the previously calculated mileage is not in the range, the mileage calculation is likely to be in a problem. And (4) for the estimated mileage obtained preliminarily, sequentially performing filtering control, refreshing control, step size opening control and mileage protection according to the residual energy, and obtaining the final driving mileage.
Further, the reference energy consumption model comprises a reference energy consumption curve corresponding to the vehicle running state and a reference energy consumption matrix corresponding to the environmental information;
then, the method further comprises:
correcting the reference energy consumption curve according to the actual energy consumption of the vehicle in different vehicle running states;
and correcting the reference energy consumption matrix according to the actual energy consumption of the vehicle under different environmental information.
Further, the obtaining of the reference energy consumption of the vehicle under the current vehicle operating state and the current environmental information according to the preset reference energy consumption model includes:
acquiring dynamic reference energy consumption of the vehicle in the current vehicle running state according to the corrected reference energy consumption curve;
acquiring static reference energy consumption of the vehicle under the current environmental information according to the corrected reference energy consumption matrix;
and obtaining the reference energy consumption according to the dynamic reference energy consumption and the static reference energy consumption.
When the vehicle leaves a factory, a reference energy consumption curve based on the vehicle speed is preset and is used for representing energy consumption corresponding to a standard working condition (such as asphalt road condition, no gradient and 25 ℃ of ambient temperature) under different vehicle speeds, so that each different vehicle speed has a corresponding energy consumption, and a corresponding reference energy consumption curve, namely a reference energy consumption curve corresponding to the vehicle running state, exists in a set vehicle speed range; in the subsequent driving process of the vehicle, the actual energy consumption under different vehicle speeds can be monitored, and then the actual energy consumption is adopted to correct the energy consumption under the corresponding vehicle speed of the reference energy consumption curve, so that the reference energy consumption curve is closer to the actual condition of the vehicle, and the estimation precision of the endurance mileage is improved.
The energy consumption correction method comprises the steps that a reference energy consumption matrix based on the environment is preset when a vehicle leaves a factory and is used for representing energy consumption of the vehicle in a static state and corresponding to different environments, and similarly, energy consumption correction can be carried out subsequently according to the actual environment of the vehicle, for example, weather of 30 degrees is the same, and influences on the energy consumption are different between the south and the north, so that correction can be carried out according to the actual energy consumption corresponding to actual environment perception information.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the sum of the dynamic energy consumption under the current vehicle speed and the static energy consumption of the current environment information is used as the reference energy consumption to estimate the driving range of the vehicle, the environment perception and the driving characteristics of the user can be fully considered, the accurate endurance is improved, and the range anxiety of the user is reduced.
In order to reduce energy consumption, improve the energy utilization rate of the vehicle and further promote the vehicle mileage to reach the standard, after the driving range of the vehicle is calculated, the driving range is taken as the target range of the vehicle, and an energy feedback control and energy distribution process can be carried out in the driving process of the vehicle, wherein the energy feedback control specifically comprises the following steps:
and when the driving mileage is less than or equal to the current display mileage of the vehicle, selecting one brake feedback gear from a plurality of preset brake feedback gears according to the corresponding road condition when the vehicle drives to the current road section, so that the vehicle can perform energy feedback on the current road section according to the selected brake feedback gear.
In the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the vehicle starts navigation, if the vehicle is in the long endurance mode, the energy recovery state is automatically adjusted according to the road condition, the energy feedback efficiency of the vehicle in the running process is effectively improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
In an optional embodiment, when the vehicle travels to the current road section, one braking feedback gear is selected from a plurality of preset braking feedback gears according to a corresponding road condition, so that the vehicle performs energy feedback on the current road section according to the selected braking feedback gear, including:
when the vehicle runs to the current road section, selecting one braking feedback gear from a plurality of preset braking feedback gears according to the road condition of the current road section and a preset road condition feedback table; the road condition feedback table comprises corresponding relations between different road conditions and different brake feedback gears, and one road condition corresponds to one brake feedback gear;
determining the feedback deceleration of the vehicle according to the selected brake feedback gear;
and determining the feedback torque of the vehicle according to the feedback deceleration so that the vehicle performs braking feedback deceleration on the current road section according to the feedback torque.
The brake feedback gears comprise weak feedback gears, middle feedback gears and strong feedback gears;
when the vehicle is in the weak feedback gear, the feedback deceleration of the vehicle is smaller than a preset first speed threshold;
when the vehicle is in the middle feedback gear, the vehicle feedback deceleration is greater than or equal to the first speed threshold and smaller than or equal to a preset second speed threshold;
when the vehicle is in the strong feedback gear, the feedback deceleration of the vehicle is larger than a second speed threshold.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first speed threshold and the second speed threshold are not specifically limited, and may be set according to the specific situation of the vehicle, for example, the first speed threshold is 0.1g, and the second speed threshold is 0.2 g. By presetting weak feedback gears corresponding to high-speed road conditions and uphill road conditions and strong feedback gears corresponding to urban road conditions and downhill road conditions, under the condition that the vehicle starts navigation, if the vehicle is in a long-endurance mode, the energy recovery state is automatically adjusted according to the road conditions, for example, under the high-speed road conditions, the weak feedback is favorable for the vehicle to travel farther distance, and under the urban conditions, the braking requirement is more frequent, and the strong feedback setting can effectively reduce the frequency of the driver for stepping on the brake, can well convert kinetic energy into electric energy and reduce the braking loss, and similarly, under the downhill road conditions, the strong feedback is favorable for converting potential energy into electric energy and reducing the braking consumption. On the uphill road condition, the weak feedback setting can effectively reduce the kinetic energy loss and is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption.
The energy distribution process specifically comprises:
determining the target maximum allowable discharge power of the vehicle according to the driving range and the current display range of the vehicle;
and distributing energy to energy consuming accessories of the vehicle according to the target maximum allowable discharge power.
In the embodiment of the invention, the reference energy consumption is corrected based on the actual energy consumption of the vehicle, the influence of the current running state and environment of the vehicle on the energy consumption of the vehicle is fully considered, the possible driving range and the display range which are obtained by calculation are determined based on the corrected reference energy consumption and the residual energy, the target maximum allowable discharge power of the vehicle is determined, the energy distribution of the energy-consuming accessories of the vehicle is carried out, the energy distribution of the energy-consuming accessories of the whole vehicle can be timely adjusted based on the current driving condition of the vehicle, the energy-consuming accessories are intelligently controlled, the aim of controlling the maximum consumption of the vehicle and reducing the energy consumption is fulfilled, the driving range of the vehicle is improved, and the display range reaches the standard.
In an alternative embodiment, the determining the target maximum allowable discharge power of the vehicle according to the driving range and the current display range of the vehicle includes:
calculating the difference value of the travelled mileage and the current displayed mileage of the vehicle;
calculating a power consumption reduction value according to the mileage difference value, the current maximum allowable discharge power of the vehicle and the current vehicle speed;
and calculating the target maximum allowable discharge power of the vehicle according to the power consumption reduction value.
Specifically, the target maximum allowable discharge power of the vehicle may be obtained by calculating a difference between the current maximum allowable discharge power and the power consumption reduction value.
Further, the calculating a power consumption reduction value according to the mileage difference value, the current maximum allowable discharge power of the vehicle, and the current vehicle speed includes:
according to the formula
Calculating a power consumption reduction value;
wherein s represents a preset first correction coefficient, n represents a preset second correction coefficient, m represents a preset third correction coefficient, P represents the current maximum allowable discharge power, X represents a mileage difference value, and V represents the current vehicle speed of the vehicle.
In the embodiment of the invention, the target maximum allowable discharge power of the vehicle is calculated based on the mileage difference value between the driving range and the current display range of the vehicle, so that the vehicle mileage can be further promoted to reach the standard, and the mileage anxiety of a user is reduced.
In an optional embodiment, the energy distribution process further comprises:
monitoring the total energy consumption of all energy-consuming accessories of the vehicle, and calculating a first mileage consumed by the energy-consuming accessories according to the total energy consumption;
and when the first mileage of the energy-consuming accessories is greater than the preset initial allocated mileage, switching the energy-consuming accessories without work requirements in the vehicle to a power-saving mode, and performing power limitation on the energy-consuming accessories with the energy consumption greater than a preset first threshold value in the vehicle.
Further, when the first mileage of the energy-consuming accessory is greater than or equal to the preset initial allocated mileage, the current working state of the energy-consuming accessory is maintained.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the driving process of the vehicle, the energy consumption accessories are possibly excessively consumed, so that the consumed mileage exceeds the initial allocated mileage, therefore, the energy consumption accessories of the vehicle need to be monitored, the energy consumption accessories without current working requirements are actively controlled to enter a power saving mode, the maximum consumed power of the high-energy-consumption accessories is limited, and the consumed mileage of the energy consumption accessories is ensured not to exceed or exceed the initial allocated mileage as little as possible. The control of the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is realized through energy distribution control and energy consumption accessory control, so that the energy is saved, more allowance is provided for the mileage target, the achievement of the target mileage is promoted, and the user experience can be improved.
In an optional embodiment, the energy distribution process further comprises:
when the driving range is less than the current display range of the vehicle and a wiper of the vehicle is in an automatic state, detecting whether the vehicle meets a preset wiper control condition; wherein the wiper control conditions include: the vehicle is in a stationary state and it is detected that the driver of the vehicle does not look ahead;
and when the vehicle meets the wiper control condition, the working frequency of the wiper of the vehicle is reduced.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the driving range is less than the current display range of the vehicle and the wiper state is an automatic state (Auto), the operating frequency of the automatically controlled wiper is reduced under the condition that the vehicle is static and a driver does not visually observe the front, so that the power consumption is saved. For the driving scene of the working condition of traffic jam in the urban area in rainy days, when the driver has no need for the front view under the condition, the working frequency of the windscreen wiper can be reduced, the energy consumption is effectively reduced, and the mileage target is promoted to be achieved.
The method comprises the following steps that a camera in the automobile detects the face of a driver to determine whether the driver can visually see the front; for example, when the frontal face information of the driver is continuously detected for a set period of time, it is determined that the driver is visually in front.
In addition, the vehicle torque distribution can be dynamically adjusted to save energy, when the vehicle is in a non-ECO (Ecology, consistency, Optimization) mode, if the opening degree of an accelerator pedal is detected to fluctuate within a set opening degree range during the running process of the vehicle, the driver is considered to have no acceleration or deceleration demand, at the moment, the torque mode of the vehicle can be automatically switched to the torque distribution in the ECO mode, and more energy can be saved under the condition that the total demand torque is ensured to be unchanged;
after the torque distribution is adjusted, if the fact that the driver adjusts the opening degree of the accelerator pedal is detected, and the variation of the opening degree of the accelerator pedal exceeds a set opening degree threshold value, the torque mode of the vehicle is automatically switched to the original torque distribution in the non-ECO mode, and the requirement of drivability is guaranteed.
In an optional embodiment, the energy distribution process further comprises:
when the driving range is smaller than the current display range of the vehicle, detecting whether the vehicle meets any preset air conditioner control condition; wherein the air conditioning control conditions include: the vehicle is in a driving state, and the opening height of a vehicle window of the vehicle is greater than a preset height threshold value, or the vehicle is in a non-driving state, and the opening angle of a vehicle door of the vehicle is greater than a preset angle threshold value;
and when the vehicle meets the air conditioner control condition, reducing the output power of the air conditioner of the vehicle.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the driving range is smaller than the current display range of the vehicle, the vehicle is in a driving state, and the window opening height is larger than the height threshold value, the output power of the air conditioner is properly reduced for saving energy, and if the vehicle is in a non-driving state and the door opening angle is larger than the angle threshold value, the output power of the air conditioner is also properly reduced for energy consumption. The energy loss caused by heat exchange is reduced by controlling the output power of the air conditioner, and the energy consumption is reasonably reduced, so that the mileage target is promoted to be achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by segmenting the navigation route and monitoring the vehicle state and the environment information, an optimal thermal management control strategy is obtained according to the road condition and the environment information of each navigation road section and the vehicle running state, segmented thermal management control is realized, energy can be effectively saved, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the continuation of the journey mileage of the vehicle is improved to provide guarantee for achieving the target mileage.
2. When the vehicle is started, energy distribution is carried out based on the driving range, so that energy consumption can be effectively reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the vehicle range is promoted to reach the standard;
3. in the running process of the vehicle, energy feedback is carried out, so that the energy consumption can be further reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the mileage of the vehicle is promoted to reach the standard;
4. based on the calculated driving range, energy distribution, energy feedback and thermal management control can be carried out on the vehicle, energy saving is guaranteed as far as possible through the energy distribution and thermal management control of the vehicle, energy consumption can be reduced through energy feedback and energy consumption accessory control, the driving range of the vehicle is improved, closed-loop control with the range as a target is achieved, accurate driving control of the vehicle is achieved, user range anxiety is reduced, and user experience is improved.
Example two
An embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, including:
one or more processors;
a memory for storing one or more programs; when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to implement the method for thermal management of an electric vehicle according to any one of the above embodiments.
When the processor executes the computer program, the steps in the above embodiments of the thermal management method for the electric vehicle, such as steps S11-14 shown in fig. 1, are implemented.
Illustratively, the computer program may be partitioned into one or more modules/units that are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to implement the invention. The one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which are used for describing the execution process of the computer program in the thermal management device/terminal equipment of the electric vehicle. For example, the computer program may be divided into a route segmentation module, an information acquisition module, a control strategy acquisition module, and a control module, each of which functions specifically as follows: the route segmentation module is used for obtaining a navigation route of the vehicle according to the current position and a preset target position of the vehicle in a vehicle navigation mode, and segmenting the navigation route to obtain a plurality of navigation road sections; the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the current environmental information of the vehicle and the current vehicle running state; the control strategy acquisition module is used for acquiring a thermal management control strategy from a preset thermal management control strategy library according to the road condition corresponding to the next navigation road section of the vehicle, the current environment information and the current vehicle running state; and the control module is used for adopting the thermal management control strategy in the next navigation section to correspondingly control a thermal management system of the vehicle.
The Processor may be a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU), a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like that is the control center for the device and that connects the various parts of the overall device using various interfaces and lines.
The memory may be used to store the computer programs and/or modules, and the processor may implement the various functions of the apparatus by running or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory, as well as by invoking data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, a phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, and the like. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
It should be noted that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the embodiment of the apparatus provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, and may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for thermal management of an electric vehicle, comprising:
in a vehicle navigation mode, acquiring a navigation route of a vehicle according to the current position of the vehicle and a preset target position, and segmenting the navigation route to obtain a plurality of navigation road sections;
acquiring current environment information of a vehicle and a current vehicle running state;
acquiring a thermal management control strategy from a preset thermal management control strategy library according to a road condition corresponding to a next navigation road section of the vehicle, current environment information and a current vehicle running state;
and correspondingly controlling a thermal management system of the vehicle by adopting the thermal management control strategy in the next navigation section.
2. The method for thermal management of an electric vehicle of claim 1, further comprising:
according to various pre-stored road condition and environmental information, working modes of the thermal management system in a vehicle running state and thermal management energy consumption in corresponding working modes, a working mode corresponding to the lowest thermal management energy consumption in any road condition and environmental information is excavated by adopting a machine learning algorithm and is used as a thermal management control strategy in any road condition and environmental information;
and storing the mined thermal management control strategy into a preset thermal management control strategy library.
3. The method for managing heat of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining a heat management control strategy from a preset heat management control strategy library according to a road condition corresponding to a next navigation section of the vehicle, current environmental information and a current vehicle operating state comprises:
and according to the road condition corresponding to the next navigation road section, the current environment information and the current vehicle running state, performing matching search on the thermal management control strategy library to obtain a control strategy corresponding to the road condition corresponding to the next navigation road section and the current environment information.
4. The method for managing heat of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the heat management control strategy comprises fan speed control of the heat management system, target water temperature control, water pump speed control of the heat management system, valve body control of the heat management system, and the heat management control strategy further comprises one of cooling mode control and heating mode control.
5. The method for managing heat of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein when the heat management strategy comprises a cooling mode control, the step of adopting the heat management control strategy in the next navigation section to correspondingly control a heat management system of the vehicle comprises the following steps:
predicting the thermal management energy consumption of the road condition of the next navigation road section according to the thermal management control strategy;
according to the thermal management energy consumption, judging the cooling requirement of the road condition of the next navigation road section;
when the cooling demand is a preset high cooling demand, cooling control is carried out on a thermal management system of the vehicle by adopting the thermal management control strategy in the next navigation road section;
when the cooling demand is a preset inter-cooling demand, maintaining the current cooling state of the thermal management system;
and when the cooling demand is a preset low cooling demand, adjusting the cooling threshold of the thermal management system.
6. The method for managing heat of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein when the heat management strategy comprises heating mode control, the step of adopting the heat management control strategy in the next navigation section to correspondingly control a heat management system of the vehicle comprises the following steps:
when the vehicle meets the preset motor feedback condition, heating control is carried out on a thermal management system of the vehicle by adopting the thermal management control strategy on the next navigation road section;
wherein the motor feedback condition includes: when the driving range of the vehicle is smaller than the current display range, the allowable charging power of the battery of the vehicle is smaller than the preset power threshold value, and the vehicle is in a throttle release state.
7. The thermal management method of an electric vehicle of claim 6, further comprising the following range calculation process:
acquiring the reference energy consumption of the vehicle under the current vehicle running state and the current environmental information according to a preset reference energy consumption model; the reference energy consumption model is obtained by correcting the actual energy consumption of the vehicle under different vehicle running states and environmental information;
and calculating the driving range according to the reference energy consumption and the residual energy.
8. The thermal management method of an electric vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the reference energy consumption model includes a reference energy consumption curve corresponding to a vehicle operating state, a reference energy consumption matrix corresponding to environmental information;
then, the method further comprises:
correcting the reference energy consumption curve according to the actual energy consumption of the vehicle in different vehicle running states;
and correcting the reference energy consumption matrix according to the actual energy consumption of the vehicle under different environmental information.
9. The method for heat management of an electric vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the obtaining of the reference energy consumption of the vehicle under the current vehicle operating state and the current environmental information according to a preset reference energy consumption model comprises:
acquiring dynamic reference energy consumption of the vehicle in the current vehicle running state according to the corrected reference energy consumption curve;
acquiring static reference energy consumption of the vehicle under the current environmental information according to the corrected reference energy consumption matrix;
and obtaining the reference energy consumption according to the dynamic reference energy consumption and the static reference energy consumption.
10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory for storing one or more programs; when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method for thermal management of an electric vehicle of any of claims 1-9.
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