CN113829012B - Glass discharge tube and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Glass discharge tube and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113829012B CN113829012B CN202111150866.7A CN202111150866A CN113829012B CN 113829012 B CN113829012 B CN 113829012B CN 202111150866 A CN202111150866 A CN 202111150866A CN 113829012 B CN113829012 B CN 113829012B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- discharge
- hole
- processing
- glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/14—Making holes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B7/00—Distributors for the molten glass; Means for taking-off charges of molten glass; Producing the gob, e.g. controlling the gob shape, weight or delivery tact
- C03B7/02—Forehearths, i.e. feeder channels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of precious metal product processing, and particularly discloses a glass discharging pipe and a processing method thereof, aiming at solving the problems that the discharging micropore of the glass discharging pipe processed by the existing method is poor in size precision, rough in hole wall surface and short in service life. The processing method adopts an electric spark perforating machine to punch a pre-hole of a discharge micropore at the center of the closed end of the tube blank, a discharge filament of a slow-moving filament cutting machine is adopted to cut the hole wall of the pre-hole for 3-8 times, and the discharge current and the feeding speed of each cutting are effectively controlled in the cutting process, so that the processing efficiency is high, the service life of the finally processed glass discharge tube can reach more than 160 hours, the aperture precision of the discharge micropore of the glass discharge tube reaches +/-0.005 mm, and the surface roughness Ra of the hole wall is less than or equal to 0.4 mu m.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of precious metal product processing, and particularly relates to a glass discharge pipe and a processing method thereof.
Background
At present, a platinum material is generally adopted for optical glass melting as a container for bearing molten glass, wherein a platinum discharging pipe of one type needs to process discharging micropores with the inner diameter of phi 0.4-phi 0.6mm to restrict the flow rate of the molten glass, and the flow resistance of the molten glass in the pipe is larger because the aperture is smaller and the depth-diameter ratio is generally more than 1. The existing processing mode of the discharge micropore is to directly process a through hole with phi of 0.4-phi of 0.6mm by adopting an electric spark perforating machine, the surface of the hole wall processed by the mode is rough (the surface roughness only reaches Ra6.4), and the flow resistance to molten glass is large; in order to keep the flow rate of the molten glass, although the viscosity of the molten glass can be reduced by increasing the temperature of the discharge pipe to ensure the flow rate, the gold in the platinum-gold alloy is lost by increasing the temperature, so that the wettability is poor, the friction force between the molten glass and the pipe wall is increased, the flow rate is reduced, the correct flow of the molten glass cannot be kept, the continuous temperature rise falls into a vicious circle of gold accelerated loss → friction force increase → continuous temperature rise → gold accelerated loss, and the flow rate of the molten glass close to the inner pipe wall is continuously reduced due to the continuous increase of the friction force of the pipe wall to generate laminar flow with the molten glass rapidly flowing in the center of a liquid column, so that stripes are generated to cause product scrap, the discharge pipe manufactured by the electric spark perforating machine machining method is used on the premise of not generating the stripes, and the service life of the discharge pipe is only 70 hours.
The reduction of the flow resistance of the molten glass by improving the finish degree of the inner wall of the pipe is a way to solve the problem of laminar flow of the molten glass, but because the aperture of the discharging micropore is too small, the operation difficulty is high by adopting a core rod grinding mode, the consumed time is long, the dimensional accuracy cannot be ensured, the condition that the finish degree of the inner wall of the pore is improved can be solved, and the use requirements of the discharging micropore on dimensional accuracy, no taper hole, no ellipse and the like cannot be completely met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a processing method of a glass discharging pipe, and aims to solve the problems that a discharging micropore of a glass discharging pipe processed by the existing method is poor in size precision, rough in hole wall surface and short in service life.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the processing method of the glass discharging pipe comprises a pre-hole punching step, wherein the pre-hole punching step is to punch a pre-hole of a discharging micropore at the center of the closed end of a pipe blank by adopting an electric spark punching machine; further comprises a fine machining discharging micropore step;
fine machining and discharging micropores: cutting the hole wall of the pre-hole by adopting a discharge filament of a slow-moving filament cutting machine for N times according to the size of the discharge micropore to be processed, wherein N is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 8; in the cutting process: controlling the discharge current of each cutting to be 38-60 mA, and sequentially decreasing the discharge current of 1 st to N-1 st times, wherein the discharge current of the Nth time is greater than the discharge current of the 1 st time; the feeding speed of the 1 st to the N-1 st cutting is controlled to be 1045-1070 mm/min, the feeding speed of the 1 st to the N-1 st cutting is decreased gradually, and the feeding speed of the N-th cutting is controlled to be 8050-8080 mm/min.
Further, the processing method also comprises a material preparation step, wherein the material preparation step is to process the excircle and the length of the bar stock to the required size to obtain the pipe blank.
Further, the processing method further comprises a tube blank processing step, wherein the tube blank processing step is to drill a blind hole with the diameter phi of 2-4 mm at one end of a tube blank to obtain the tube blank.
Further, in the pre-hole punching step, an electrode wire of an electric spark puncher is used for punching the closed end of the tube blank, the diameter of the pre-hole is controlled to be phi 0.2-phi 0.3mm, and the deviation between the pre-hole and the center of the tube blank is controlled within 0.1 mm.
Further, the discharge filament is a copper wire.
Furthermore, the diameter of the discharge filament is phi 0.15-phi 0.25mm.
Furthermore, in the fine machining discharging micropore step, the tube blank is clamped and fixed on a chuck of the slow-speed wire cutting machine through a clamping tool, the end part of the tube blank with the pre-hole faces outwards, and at least 4 points are positioned to align the center position of the tube blank.
Further, in the step of fine machining of the discharging micropores, after penetrating discharge filaments into the micropores, performing slow-moving filament cutting machining, wherein the 1 st cutting is rough cutting, and the 2 nd to N th cutting is cutter repairing cutting; controlling the discharge compensation amount of each time of the cutter cutting to be 0.1305-0.2130 mm, and sequentially decreasing the discharge compensation amount.
The invention also provides a glass discharge pipe which is manufactured by the processing method of the glass discharge pipe.
Further, the glass tapping pipe is made of platinum-gold alloy.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: the processing method adopts an electric spark perforating machine to punch a pre-hole of a discharge micropore at the center of the closed end of the tube blank, a discharge filament of a slow-moving filament cutting machine is adopted to cut the hole wall of the pre-hole for 3-8 times, and the discharge current and the feeding speed of each cutting are effectively controlled in the cutting process, so that the processing efficiency is high, the service life of the finally processed glass discharge tube can reach more than 160 hours, the aperture precision of the discharge micropore of the glass discharge tube reaches +/-0.005 mm, and the surface roughness Ra of the hole wall is less than or equal to 0.4 mu m.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a glass tapping pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the working conditions of a finishing discharge cell;
labeled in the figure as: tube blank 10, blind hole 11, discharge micropore 12, clamping frock 20, discharge filament 31, chuck 32.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
The processing method of the glass discharging pipe comprises a pre-hole punching step, wherein the pre-hole punching step is to punch a pre-hole of a discharging micropore 12 in the center of the closed end of a pipe blank 10 by adopting an electric spark puncher; further comprises a step of finish machining the discharging micropores 12;
finish machining of the discharge micropores 12: cutting the hole wall of the pre-hole for N times by using a discharge filament 31 of a slow-moving filament cutting machine according to the size of the discharge micropore 12 to be processed, wherein N is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 8; in the cutting process: controlling the discharge current of each cutting to be 38-60 mA, and sequentially decreasing the discharge current of the 1 st to the N-1 st times, wherein the discharge current of the Nth time is larger than the discharge current of the 1 st time; the feeding speed of the 1 st to the N-1 st cutting is controlled to be 1045-1070 mm/min, the feeding speed of the 1 st to the N-1 st cutting is decreased gradually, and the feeding speed of the N-th cutting is controlled to be 8050-8080 mm/min.
The processing method adopts the discharge filament 31 of the slow-moving filament cutting machine to cut the hole wall of the pre-hole for 3-8 times, and effectively controls the discharge current and the feeding speed of each cutting in the cutting process, so that the processing efficiency is high, the service life of the finally processed glass discharge pipe can reach more than 160 hours, the aperture precision of the discharge micropore of the glass discharge pipe can reach +/-0.005 mm, the surface roughness Ra of the hole wall is less than or equal to 0.4 mu m, and the processing method is far superior to the glass discharge pipe processed by the existing method.
The slow-moving wire cutting machine is a device which uses a continuously moving discharge thin wire 31 as an electrode to carry out pulse spark discharge metal removal and cutting forming on a tube blank 10. The discharge filament 31 is generally a metal wire, and preferably, a copper wire with good conductivity is used to manufacture the discharge filament 31; the diameter of the discharge filament 31 is generally determined according to the aperture of the discharge micropore 12 to be processed, and the discharge filament 31 with the diameter of phi 0.15-0.25 mm is preferably used when the discharge micropore 12 with the inner diameter of phi 0.4-0.6 mm is processed.
Specifically, the processing method further comprises a material preparation step, wherein the material preparation step is to process the excircle and the length of the bar stock to the required size to obtain the pipe blank. The bar stock is generally a precious metal material, preferably platinum-gold (PtAu) alloy.
Specifically, the processing method further comprises a tube blank 10 processing step, wherein the tube blank 10 processing step is to drill a blind hole 11 with the diameter phi of 2-phi 4mm at one end of a tube blank to obtain the tube blank 10.
In order to facilitate the fine machining of the discharge micropores 12 by using a slow-wire-feeding cutting machine and improve the machining efficiency, in the pre-hole punching step, an electrode wire of an electric spark punching machine is used for punching the closed end of the tube blank 10, the diameter of the pre-hole is controlled to be phi 0.2-phi 0.3mm, and the central deviation between the pre-hole and the tube blank 10 is controlled to be within 0.1 mm.
In order to ensure the machining precision of the discharge micropores 12, in the step of finish machining the discharge micropores 12, the tube blank 10 is clamped and fixed on a chuck 32 of the slow-speed wire cutting machine through a clamping tool 20, so that the end part of the tube blank 10 with the pre-hole faces outwards, and at least 4-point positioning and centering are performed on the central position of the tube blank 10, as shown in fig. 2.
In order to further improve the processing precision of the discharging micropore 12, in the step of fine processing of the discharging micropore 12, after a discharging filament 31 penetrates into a pre-hole, slow wire-moving cutting processing is carried out, the 1 st cutting is rough cutting, and the 2 nd to N th cutting is cutter repairing cutting; controlling the discharge compensation amount of each time of the cutter cutting to be 0.1305-0.2130 mm, and sequentially decreasing the discharge compensation amount. By performing the discharge compensation amount on each time of cutter trimming, the phenomenon of different stresses when the discharge filament 31 is close to or far away from the hole wall can be basically eliminated, thereby being beneficial to improving the processing precision of the discharge micropore 12.
As shown in FIG. 1, a glass tapping pipe produced by the method of processing a glass tapping pipe described above. Specifically, the glass discharge pipe is made of platinum-gold alloy.
Example 1
The process of processing the glass discharging pipe at a certain time comprises the following steps:
material preparation: processing the excircle and the length of the bar stock to required sizes to obtain a pipe blank;
the tube blank 10 processing step: drilling a blind hole 11 with the diameter phi of 2mm at one end of a pipe blank to obtain a pipe blank 10;
pre-hole drilling: punching a pre-hole of a material micro-hole 12 in the center of the closed end of the tube blank 10 by using an electric spark perforating machine;
finish machining of the discharge micropores 12: according to the internal diameter phi of the discharging micropore 12 to be processed being 0.4mm and the depth being 3mm, determining to cut the hole wall of the pre-hole for 4 times by using a discharge filament 31 of a slow-moving filament cutting machine; in the cutting process: the discharging current of each cutting is controlled to be 50mA, 48mA, 43mA and 58.5mA in sequence, and the feeding speed of each cutting is controlled to be 1070mm/min, 1065mm/min, 1050mm/min and 8070mm/min in sequence; the 1 st cutting is rough cutting, the 2 nd to N times cutting is knife cutting, and the discharge compensation amount of each knife cutting is controlled to be 0.1575mm, 0.1415mm and 0.1355mm in sequence.
As a result of examination, the service life of the glass discharge pipe processed in this example was 160 hours, and the discharge micropores 12 had no taper, the aperture accuracy reached. + -. 0.005mm, and the wall surface roughness reached Ra0.4.
Example 2
The process of processing the glass discharge pipe at a time comprises the following steps:
material preparation: processing the excircle and the length of the bar stock to required sizes to obtain a pipe blank;
the tube blank 10 processing step: drilling a blind hole 11 with the diameter phi of 4mm at one end of a pipe blank to obtain a pipe blank 10;
pre-hole drilling: punching a pre-hole of a material outlet micropore 12 in the center of the closed end of the tube blank 10 by adopting an electric spark perforating machine;
finish machining of the discharge micropores 12: according to the internal diameter phi of the micropore 12 to be processed, which is 0.6mm, and the depth of the micropore, which is 6mm, the discharge filament 31 of a slow-moving filament cutting machine is adopted to cut the pore wall of the pre-pore for 5 times; in the cutting process: controlling the discharge current of each cutting to be 46mA, 45mA, 42mA, 39mA and 46.9mA in sequence, and controlling the feeding speed of each cutting to be 1070mm/min, 1065mm/min, 1050mm/min, 1045mm/min and 8060mm/min in sequence; the 1 st cutting is rough cutting, the 2 nd to N times cutting is cutter cutting, and the discharge compensation amount of each cutter cutting is controlled to be 0.2115mm, 0.1475mm, 0.1345mm and 0.1315mm in sequence.
The service life of the glass discharge pipe processed in the embodiment is 165 hours through inspection, the discharge micropores 12 have no taper, the aperture precision reaches +/-0.005 mm, and the surface roughness of the hole wall reaches Ra0.4.
Claims (9)
1. The processing method of the glass discharging pipe comprises a pre-hole punching step, wherein the pre-hole punching step is to punch a pre-hole of a discharging micropore (12) in the center of the closed end of a pipe blank (10) by adopting an electric spark punching machine; the method is characterized in that: further comprises a fine machining discharging micropore (12);
fine machining of the discharge micropores (12): cutting the hole wall of the pre-hole for N times by adopting a discharge filament (31) of a slow-moving filament cutting machine according to the size of the discharging micropore (12) to be processed, wherein N is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 8; in the cutting process: after penetrating a discharge filament (31) into the pre-hole, performing slow wire cutting processing, wherein the 1 st cutting is rough cutting, and the 2 nd to N th cutting is cutter repairing cutting; controlling the discharge compensation amount of each time of cutter repairing cutting to be 0.1305-0.2130 mm, and sequentially decreasing the discharge compensation amount; controlling the discharge current of each cutting to be 38-60 mA, and sequentially decreasing the discharge current of the 1 st to the N-1 st times, wherein the discharge current of the Nth time is larger than the discharge current of the 1 st time; the feeding speed of the 1 st to the N-1 st cutting is controlled to be 1045-1070 mm/min, the feeding speed of the 1 st to the N-1 st cutting is decreased gradually, and the feeding speed of the N-th cutting is controlled to be 8050-8080 mm/min.
2. The method of processing a glass tapping pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the method further comprises a material preparation step, wherein the material preparation step is to process the excircle and the length of the bar stock to the required size to obtain a pipe blank.
3. The method of processing a glass tapping pipe according to claim 2, wherein: the method further comprises a tube blank (10) processing step, wherein the tube blank (10) processing step is to drill a blind hole (11) with the diameter phi of 2-phi 4mm at one end of a tube blank to obtain the tube blank (10).
4. The method of processing a glass tapping pipe according to claim 1, wherein: in the pre-hole punching step, an electrode wire of an electric spark punching machine is used for punching the closed end of the tube blank (10), the diameter of the pre-hole is controlled to be phi 0.2-phi 0.3mm, and the central deviation between the pre-hole and the tube blank (10) is controlled to be within 0.1 mm.
5. The method of processing a glass tapping pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the discharge filament (31) is a copper wire.
6. The method of processing a glass tapping pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the discharge filament (31) is phi 0.15-phi 0.25mm.
7. The method of processing a glass tapping pipe according to claim 1, wherein: in the step of finish machining of the discharging micropores (12), the tube blank (10) is clamped and fixed on a chuck (32) of a slow wire cutting machine through a clamping tool (20), so that the end part of the tube blank (10) with the pre-hole faces outwards, and the center position of the tube blank (10) is aligned at least at 4 points.
8. Glass discharging pipe, its characterized in that: the glass tapping pipe according to any of claims 1 to 7, produced by a method for processing a glass tapping pipe.
9. The glass tapping pipe according to claim 8, wherein: made of platinum-gold alloys.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111150866.7A CN113829012B (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Glass discharge tube and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111150866.7A CN113829012B (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Glass discharge tube and method for producing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113829012A CN113829012A (en) | 2021-12-24 |
| CN113829012B true CN113829012B (en) | 2022-12-06 |
Family
ID=78967622
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111150866.7A Active CN113829012B (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Glass discharge tube and method for producing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113829012B (en) |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4723269B2 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2011-07-13 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Method for forming back hole of die for forming honeycomb structure |
| CN102000959B (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-03-28 | 上海工具厂有限公司 | Manufacturing method of inner bore cooling polycrystalline diamond (PCD) thread high-speed forming cutter |
| CN102205448B (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-12-26 | 太原理工大学 | Process for machining electric spark small hole by using compound electrode |
| CN102357693B (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-04-10 | 中国航空工业第六一八研究所 | Method for machining high-precision deep hole |
| CN102794622B (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-12-24 | 广州泰胜数控机械有限公司 | Machining method of precise inner gear |
| CN103292751B (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2016-01-20 | 镇江东艺机械有限公司 | A kind of air-gauge inner-diameter measuring head and manufacture method thereof |
| CN104014883B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2016-08-31 | 泰德兴精密电子（昆山）有限公司 | A kind of increase line cuts the processing method of pore-forming accuracy |
| CN105643032B (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2018-04-10 | 中国航空工业第六一八研究所 | A kind of processing method of the high-precision small square hole of revolving parts radial direction |
| CN105522236A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-04-27 | 陕西一品达石化有限公司 | Electric spark wire cutting machining method for part with multiple types of holes |
| CN110091016A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-08-06 | 鸿富锦精密工业(衡阳)有限公司 | Wire-electrode cutting and processing method |
| CN112658611B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-02-01 | 贵州凯星液力传动机械有限公司 | Method for machining small hole drill sleeve |
-
2021
- 2021-09-29 CN CN202111150866.7A patent/CN113829012B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113829012A (en) | 2021-12-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Qu et al. | Wire electrochemical machining using reciprocated traveling wire | |
| JPH06226539A (en) | Method for electrolytic polishing of shaped pipe | |
| Mandal et al. | State of art in wire electrical discharge machining process and performance | |
| CN112439964A (en) | Welding nozzle, method for producing the same and method for selectively welding components | |
| Zhang et al. | Effect of solution conductivity on tool electrode wear in electrochemical discharge drilling of nickel-based alloy | |
| CN104400156A (en) | Noncircular section electrolytic cutting electrode and device thereof | |
| CN112917103A (en) | Method for processing titanium alloy deep groove or deep hole | |
| CN113829012B (en) | Glass discharge tube and method for producing the same | |
| CN105154926B (en) | The combined electrical machining method of inside surface Bamboo-shaped micro-structural | |
| Kumar et al. | Microelectrochemical sparks machining: a modern approach for fabrication of microcomponents from nonconductive materials | |
| CN105290470A (en) | Milling method of graphene aluminum-based composite material | |
| Dhupal et al. | Generation of effusion holes on ultra-high temperature alloy by micro electro-discharge machining process | |
| CN102784978A (en) | Slow-wire-walking electrospark wire-electrode cutting copper alloy electrode wire and manufacture method thereof | |
| US3793170A (en) | Electrochemical machining method and apparatus | |
| Li et al. | Research on removal characteristics of recast layer of laser-electrolytic machining on small holes | |
| CN105364418B (en) | A kind of processing method of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) thin-walled spiral part | |
| Patel et al. | Review of wire-cut EDM process on titanium alloy | |
| Dutta et al. | Hybrid electric discharge machining processes for hard materials: a review | |
| Zhang et al. | Process characteristics of electrochemical discharge machining and hybrid methods: a review | |
| EP0258019A2 (en) | Tool for forming a spinneret capillary | |
| JP3422310B2 (en) | Metal hollow body for electric discharge machining and method of manufacturing the same | |
| CN111590154A (en) | Spark erosion drilling machine and electrode tube thereof | |
| CN206425647U (en) | Electrode structure for spark-erosion perforating machine | |
| CN215657922U (en) | Multi-step expanding cutter with mechanically-clamped cutter handle | |
| CN111545851B (en) | Tool for cutting large-thickness electrolytic wire and using method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |