CN113828925A - Gravity powder feeding method and device - Google Patents
Gravity powder feeding method and device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113828925A CN113828925A CN202111417205.6A CN202111417205A CN113828925A CN 113828925 A CN113828925 A CN 113828925A CN 202111417205 A CN202111417205 A CN 202111417205A CN 113828925 A CN113828925 A CN 113828925A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- potential energy
- control device
- energy control
- box
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 302
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012761 high-performance material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gravity powder feeding device which comprises a gantry type numerical control machine tool, a powder box, a potential energy control device, a processing platform and a powder recovery device, wherein the powder box, the processing platform and the powder recovery device are all arranged on the gantry type numerical control machine tool. The invention can better avoid powder divergence by using the gravity to feed powder through the special powder controllable device, can greatly reduce the disturbance to the stability of the molten pool, improves the forming precision and the surface smoothness, and improves the powder obtaining rate of the molten pool to more than 90 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal material additive manufacturing, in particular to a gravity powder feeding method and device.
Background
Additive Manufacturing (AM) is commonly called 3D printing technology, and is an efficient digital forming technology for obtaining three-dimensional parts by building a digital model and stacking layer by layer. The method has the advantages of short period, no need of a die and high response design speed in the additive manufacturing of complex metal parts, is a hot technology concerned by scientific research and manufacturing industry, and is gradually applied to the fields of automobiles, aerospace, medical treatment and the like. Compared with the traditional metal part manufacturing technologies such as forging, casting and the like, the laser melting deposition additive manufacturing technology has the following advantages: the preparation of the high-performance material and the manufacture of the complex component are completed in one step, the high-flexibility characteristic of the high-performance material can realize the manufacture of the high-performance non-equilibrium material and the complex structure, and the formed component has a rapid solidification non-equilibrium structure without macrosegregation and compact component uniform structure and has excellent comprehensive mechanical property; the method has the advantages of no need of large forging equipment, short material utilization processing time period of a large forging and pressing die, low cost and short period, is particularly suitable for rapid low-cost production of high-performance and difficult-to-process large complex metal alloy structural parts, and has the manufacturing characteristic of high flexibility, so that the method can be widely applied to repair of metal components and can be combined with the traditional manufacturing technology to form a hybrid manufacturing technology. In particular, the additive manufacturing uses laser as a heat source, laser spots are very small, and a generated molten pool for additive manufacturing is in a micron level, so that the effect of micro-area metallurgy is obtained.
A molten pool is formed by irradiating the surface of a metal substrate with high-energy laser, a feeding device conveys a quantitative raw material into the molten pool, and the raw material and the substrate form good metallurgical bonding after being melted, which is the basic principle of laser processing technologies such as laser surface cladding, laser additive manufacturing, laser repair, laser welding and the like. Powder feeding is a common feeding mode, and powder is generally blown into a molten pool by adopting powder feeding gas.
However, the powder feeding gas can increase the powder dispersion, and especially when the powder feeding amount is large, the powder cannot completely enter a molten pool, so that the powder utilization rate is influenced, and the forming precision and the surface finish degree are reduced. In addition, the powder feeding gas may disturb the molten pool, make the molten pool unstable, destroy the processing process and affect the performance of the processed member. When the powder feeding is carried out in the mode, the processing process and the component performance are seriously influenced when the powder feeding amount exceeds 5 kg/h.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides and designs a novel powder feeding device and a novel powder feeding method, which are used for solving various problems in air and powder feeding in the prior art, namely, a gravity powder feeding device and a corresponding powder feeding method are adopted, a powder feeding mode for feeding powder by utilizing the self gravity of the powder is innovatively provided, the powder feeding quantity of 45kg/h or higher can be realized, powder dispersion can be better avoided, meanwhile, the disturbance to the stability of a molten pool can be greatly reduced, the forming precision and the surface smoothness are improved, and the powder obtaining rate of the molten pool is improved to more than 90%.
Specifically, the invention firstly provides a gravity powder feeding device, which is characterized in that:
the powder feeding device comprises a gantry type numerical control machine tool 1, a powder box 2, a potential energy control device 3, a processing platform 4 and a powder recovery device 5, wherein the powder box 2, the processing platform 4 and the powder recovery device 5 are all arranged on the gantry type numerical control machine tool 1;
the potential energy control device 3 is connected to the processing platform 4 through a multi-stage hydraulic mechanism 13 and is respectively communicated with the powder box 2 and the powder recovery device 5 through openable and closable valves through a first telescopic hose 6 and a second telescopic hose 7; the potential energy control device 3 is a hollow structure capable of containing powder, and a multilayer screen 12 with a buffering effect is arranged in the potential energy control device; the potential energy control device 3 is communicated with a processing head mounting seat 19 arranged below the processing platform 4 through a powder feeding pipe 15.
Further preferably, the powder feeding pipe 15 is connected with the potential energy control device 3 through a rotating disc 14, the rotating disc 14 is detachably mounted on the potential energy control device 3, a plurality of powder feeding holes are formed in the rotating disc 14, the hole diameters of the plurality of powder feeding holes are different, and the powder feeding is started when the rotating disc 14 is rotated to enable the powder feeding holes to be correspondingly communicated with the powder feeding pipe 15; further preferably, the powder feeding pipe 15 is a telescopic multi-stage casing pipe, and can be correspondingly telescopic when adjusted by the multi-stage hydraulic mechanism 13.
Further preferably, a secondary potential energy control device 21 is mounted on the upper part of the processing head, and the structure of the secondary potential energy control device is the same as that of the potential energy control device 3; the secondary powder feeding pipe 22 is communicated with a secondary potential energy control device 21 to feed powder, a secondary rotary disc 23 is arranged below the secondary potential energy control device 21, and the secondary rotary disc 23 has the same structure as the rotary disc 14; the secondary potential energy control device 21 is connected with a secondary powder recovery device 25 through a secondary recovery pipeline 24, and the secondary powder recovery device 25 is respectively connected with a secondary powder pipe 26 and a secondary air pipe 27.
Further preferably, the powder recovery device 5 is slidably mounted on the gantry frame of the gantry-type numerically-controlled machine tool 1.
Further preferably, the powder bin 2 has a first aeration line 9, a first exhaust line 10 and a first oxygen content meter 11; the powder recovery device 5 has a second aeration line 16, a second vent line 17 and a second oxygen meter 18.
Specifically, the invention also provides a gravity powder feeding method for feeding powder by adopting the device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding the powder into a powder box 2;
the height from the potential energy control device 3 to a molten pool is adjusted to be a preset value through a multi-stage hydraulic mechanism 13, and then a valve at the connection part of the first telescopic hose 6 and the powder box 2 is opened, so that powder enters the potential energy control device 3 from the powder box 2;
opening a valve at the connection part of the second telescopic hose 7 and the potential energy control device 3, so that after the powder is accumulated to a certain height in the potential energy control device 3, the redundant powder enters the second telescopic hose 7 and enters the powder recovery device 5 through the second telescopic hose 7;
and starting the machining head to start powder feeding and additive machining.
Further preferably, the powder feeding amount G is controlled by the following empirical formula:
where ρ is the density of the powder material, r is the radius of the powder feeding hole of the rotary disk 14, g is the gravitational acceleration, h is the height of the powder accumulation in the potential energy control device 3, l is the total length of the powder feeding pipe 15 below the potential energy control device 3, and k is the total length of the powder feeding pipe 151Empirical constants brought to the gaps between the powders, the values of which are 0.45 to 0.5, k2The empirical constant brought by the friction resistance between the powders is 0.79 to 0.83.
Further preferably, before the powder is added into the powder box 2, inert protective gas is filled into the powder box through the gas filling and exhausting pipeline, the air in the powder box is exhausted, the oxygen content in the powder box is monitored through the first oxygen meter 11, the gas exhausting pipeline is closed when the oxygen content is lower than 0.1%, and the inert protective gas is continuously filled until the pressure in the powder box 2 is higher than one atmosphere.
Further preferably, before opening a valve at the joint of the second telescopic hose 7 and the potential energy control device 3, inert protective gas is filled into the powder box through the gas filling and exhausting pipeline, the internal air is exhausted, the oxygen content in the powder box is monitored through the first oxygen meter 11, the gas exhausting pipeline is closed when the oxygen content is lower than 0.1%, and the inert protective gas is continuously filled until the pressure in the powder box 2 is higher than one atmosphere.
Further preferably, powder recovery is performed after the powder enters the powder recovery device 5, and the powder recovery specifically includes: and closing a valve at the joint of the second telescopic hose 7 and the potential energy control device 3, then taking down the powder recovery device 5, directly pouring the powder which is difficult to oxidize back to the powder box 2, or closing the valve at the joint of the second telescopic hose 7 and the potential energy control device 3, opening an inflation pipeline to blow in inert protective gas, and blowing the powder back to the powder box 2 through a pipeline which is arranged on the powder recovery device 5 and connected with a feed inlet of the powder box 2.
The invention discloses a gravity powder feeding device and a method, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, the invention can better avoid powder divergence by using a special powder controllable device and feeding powder by gravity, can greatly reduce the disturbance to the stability of a molten pool, improve the forming precision and the surface smoothness and improve the powder obtaining rate of the molten pool to more than 90 percent;
secondly, the invention can control the device through special powder, and can realize larger powder feeding amount (for example, 45kg/h or higher) by utilizing gravity to feed powder, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency;
thirdly, the invention adopts a multi-stage regulation mode and combines with an empirical formula creatively summarized by the inventor, so that the powder feeding amount can be accurately regulated to 0.1kg/h at most.
Fourthly, the powder is protected in the powder feeding process and the powder recovery process, so that the powder oxidation can be reduced, the cyclic utilization of the powder can be realized, the utilization rate of the powder is improved, and the performance of a processed component is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the gravity powder feeder of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary powder potential energy control device and a secondary powder recovery device of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the gravity powder feeding device of the present invention comprises a gantry type numerical control machine 1, a powder box 2, a potential energy control device 3, a processing platform 4 and a powder recovery device 5, wherein the powder box 2, the processing platform 4 and the powder recovery device 5 are all mounted on the gantry type numerical control machine 1; the gantry type numerical control machine tool 1 has 5 degrees of freedom, and can drive the machining platform 4 to move in the direction of X, Y, Z and also can drive the working plane to move in the direction of X, Y.
The potential energy control device 3 is connected to the processing platform 4 through a multi-stage hydraulic mechanism 13 and is respectively communicated with the powder box 2 and the powder recovery device 5 through openable and closable valves (not shown) through a first telescopic hose 6 and a second telescopic hose 7; the potential energy control device 3 is a hollow structure capable of containing powder, and a plurality of layers of screens 12 with a buffering function are arranged inside the potential energy control device; the potential energy control device 3 is communicated with a processing head mounting seat 19 arranged below the processing platform 4 through a powder feeding pipe 15.
The powder feeding pipe 15 is specifically connected with the potential energy control device 3 through a rotating disc 14 detachably mounted on the potential energy control device 3, the rotating disc 14 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the plurality of mounting holes are different in aperture size (as shown in a top view structure shown by an arrow at the upper right in the middle of fig. 1) and are used for correspondingly mounting and connecting the powder feeding pipes 15 with different aperture sizes. The powder feeding pipe 15 is a telescopic multistage sleeve pipe and can correspondingly stretch along with the adjustment of the multistage hydraulic mechanism 13.
The powder recovery device 5 is slidably mounted on the gantry frame of the gantry type numerically-controlled machine tool 1.
The upper part of the powder box 2 is provided with a feeding hole 8, and is also provided with a first inflation pipeline 9 of inert protective gas, a first exhaust pipeline 10 and a first oxygen analyzer 11. Similarly to the powder box 2, the powder recovery device 5 is provided with a second charging line 16 of inert protective gas, a second exhaust line 17, and a second oxygen analyzer 18.
When the powder feeding and the material additive processing are carried out, firstly, the metal powder is stored in the powder box 2, and the metal powder can be added through the feeding hole 8. The powder box 2 is partially made of glass, so that the powder amount in the powder box can be observed through the glass, and the powder can be supplemented when the powder amount is small. The metal powder enters the potential energy control device 3 of the next device through the first telescopic hose 6, and the first telescopic hose 6 is connected with the powder box 2 through an openable valve (not shown), so that the amount of the powder entering the potential energy control device 3 can be controlled. The first gas filling pipeline 9 and the first gas discharging pipeline 10 of the powder box 2 are gas pipes, a valve and a pressure gauge are arranged on the gas pipes, and the first oxygen content meter 11 of the powder box 2 can detect the oxygen content in the powder box.
Before the powder is added into the powder box 2, an inert atmosphere is formed in the powder box 2 to prevent the powder from being oxidized. Firstly, argon is filled in through a first inflation pipeline 9, the first exhaust pipeline 10 exhausts to enable the whole powder box 2 to be under an inert atmosphere, the oxygen content in the powder box 2 is monitored through a first oxygen analyzer 11, when the oxygen content is lower than 0.1%, a valve on the first inflation pipeline 9 can be closed, and the argon is stopped to be filled. Before feeding, argon gas is introduced from the first exhaust pipeline 10, and a valve on the first exhaust pipeline 10 is adjusted to enable the pressure displayed by the pressure gauge to be slightly greater than 1 atmosphere (for example, about 105% of the atmospheric pressure), so that air can be prevented from entering the powder box as far as possible. After the above operation is completed, the gate of the feed port 8 may be opened and the metal powder may be added. During feeding, the operation needs to be completed quickly, so that the powder is prevented from being exposed in the air for a long time.
The potential energy control device 3 is provided with a plurality of layers of screens 12 (for example, 3-5 layers) which have a buffer function, so that the kinetic energy of the powder in the powder box 2 is greatly reduced and slowly comes to the bottom of the potential energy control device 3. After the powder has been accumulated to a certain height, the excess powder will enter the second flexible hose 7 and pass through the first flexible hose 7 to the powder recovery device 5. Through the structure, the height of the powder accumulated at the bottom of the potential energy control device 3 can be kept stable, and the gravitational potential energy of the powder entering the potential energy control device can be kept consistent. The potential energy control device 3 is connected to the processing platform through a multi-stage hydraulic mechanism 13, and the multi-stage hydraulic mechanism 13 can adjust the height from the potential energy control device 3 to the molten pool, so that the gravitational potential energy of the powder is adjusted, and the powder feeding amount is adjusted. Potential energy controlling means 3 is connected with powder feeding pipe 15 through rolling disc 14, has the powder feeding hole of equidimension not on the rolling disc 14, can control powder feeding volume, rotates rolling disc 14 so that different powder feeding holes with send powder pipe 15 to aim at the intercommunication then start powder feeding to realize sending powder according to different powder feeding volume. The rotary disk 14 can be quickly detached and different rotary disks can be replaced according to the powder feeding amount. The powder feeding pipe 15 is a telescopic multi-stage sleeve which can be telescopic along with the hydraulic mechanism when being adjusted.
By adopting the device, the powder feeding amount can be accurately controlled through the radius and the height of the tube hole of the powder feeding tube 15, and specifically, the powder feeding amount G is controlled by adopting the following empirical formula:
wherein rho is the density of the powder material, r is the pipe hole radius of the selected powder feeding pipe, and can be 2mm-20mm generally, g is the gravity acceleration, h is the powder accumulation height in the potential energy control device 3, and can be 5mm-100mm generally, l is the total length of the powder feeding pipe 15 below the potential energy control device 3, and can be 0.5m-10m generally, and k is1The empirical constants brought about by the interstices between the powders are generally between 0.45 and 0.5, k2The empirical constant for the frictional resistance is generally 0.79-0.83, and k is1And k2After the kind of the powder is determined, the division k is set1And k2Measuring the powder feeding amount after other parameters, and then fitting and calculating to obtain specific k1And k2And through analysis and research of the inventor, no matter what powder is fit, the fit basically satisfies k1And k2Values in the above range, so that the fitting k can be no longer experimentally tested in advance in practice1And k2The precision requirement can be met by directly taking the value in the range. By the above structure and empirical formula, the powder feeding amount can reach 45kg/h or more.
The powder recovery device 5 is provided with a second inflation pipeline 16 and a second exhaust pipeline 17, a valve and a pressure gauge are arranged on an air pipe, and a second oxygen analyzer 18 of the powder recovery device 5 can detect the oxygen content in the device. The powder recovery device 5 is partially made of glass, and the amount of the recovered powder can be observed through the glass. The connection between the powder recovery device 5 and the second flexible tube 7 is provided with a valve (not shown) which can be opened and closed and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the pipeline.
Before the powder recovery device 5 is used, an inert atmosphere is also formed inside to prevent the powder from being oxidized. Argon gas is firstly filled through the second gas filling pipeline 16, the second gas exhaust pipeline 17 exhausts the gas to enable the interior of the whole powder recovery device 5 to be under inert atmosphere, the oxygen content in the interior is monitored through the second oxygen analyzer 18, when the oxygen content is lower than 0.1%, a valve on the second gas filling pipeline 16 can be closed, and the argon gas filling is stopped. When observing that powder accumulates to a certain extent in powder recovery unit 5, can retrieve the powder, when retrieving the powder, can adopt two kinds of modes: for metal powder which is easy to oxidize, such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, high-entropy alloy and the like, the powder pipe is connected to the second inflation pipeline 16 and is connected back to the feed inlet 8, and argon is introduced to the second exhaust pipeline 17, so that the powder is blown back to the powder box 2, and the powder oxidation is avoided as far as possible. For other powders, the above mode can be adopted, and the powder recovery device 5 can also be directly taken down to directly pour the powder into the powder box, so that the cost is reduced.
A machining head (not shown) is attached to a machining head mount 19 below the machining platen 4 and above the work plane 20. As shown in fig. 2, a secondary powder potential energy control device and a secondary powder recovery device may be further installed inside the processing head, the main body structure of the secondary device is similar to that of the main device, but the height is fixed, the regulation of the powder feeding amount is mainly performed by regulating the aperture and the thickness of the powder pipe, specifically, a secondary potential energy control device 21 may be installed on the upper part of the processing head, and the structure and principle thereof are the same as those of the potential energy control device 3. The secondary powder feeding pipe 22 is communicated with the secondary potential energy control device 21 to feed the powder, a secondary rotary disc 23 is arranged below the secondary potential energy control device 21 to control the flow, the secondary potential energy control device 21 is connected with a secondary powder recovery device 25 through a secondary recovery pipeline 24, the secondary powder recovery device 25 is respectively connected with a secondary powder pipe 26 and a secondary air pipe 27, when the powder is recovered, the secondary powder pipe 26 is connected with the feeding hole 8, argon is introduced into the secondary air pipe 27, and the powder is blown into the powder box. When a large amount of powder feeding is required, the screen in the secondary potential energy control device 21 is removed, and the secondary powder feeding pipe 22 is directly connected to the powder feeding pipe below. When small powder amount is needed to be fed, the secondary turntable 23 is adjusted to adjust the aperture size to control the powder feeding amount, and the radius of the hole is 0.5mm-2 mm. The powder accumulation height in the secondary potential energy control device is 2-10mm, and the total length of the lower powder feeding pipe is 0.3-0.6 m. Aiming at the large powder feeding amount of more than 5kg/h, single-stage regulation is adopted, and the powder feeding amount can be accurately 0.5 kg/h. Aiming at the small powder feeding amount below 5kg/h, a secondary device is additionally arranged, so that the powder feeding amount can be accurately 0.1 kg/h.
In conclusion, the invention designs a special gravity powder feeding device, provides a method for accurately regulating and controlling the gravity powder feeding amount, and simultaneously realizes the recycling of powder. The invention provides a powder feeding method and a device with excellent performance for additive processing such as laser processing.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The gravity powder feeding device is characterized in that:
the powder feeding device comprises a gantry type numerical control machine tool (1), a powder box (2), a potential energy control device (3), a processing platform (4) and a powder recovery device (5), wherein the powder box (2), the processing platform (4) and the powder recovery device (5) are all arranged on the gantry type numerical control machine tool (1);
the potential energy control device (3) is connected to the processing platform (4) through a multi-stage hydraulic mechanism (13) and is respectively communicated with the powder box (2) and the powder recovery device (5) through openable and closable valves through a first telescopic hose (6) and a second telescopic hose (7); the potential energy control device (3) is a hollow structure capable of containing powder, and a multilayer screen (12) with a buffering effect is arranged in the potential energy control device; the potential energy control device (3) is communicated with a processing head mounting seat (19) arranged below the processing platform (4) through a powder feeding pipe (15).
2. The gravity powder feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the powder feeding pipe (15) is connected with the potential energy control device (3) through a rotating disc (14), the rotating disc (14) is detachably mounted on the potential energy control device (3), a plurality of powder feeding holes are formed in the rotating disc (14), the hole diameters of the powder feeding holes are different, and the powder feeding is started when the rotating disc (14) is rotated to enable the powder feeding holes to be correspondingly communicated with the powder feeding pipe (15); the powder feeding pipe (15) is a telescopic multistage sleeve and can correspondingly stretch along with the multistage hydraulic mechanism (13) during adjustment.
3. A gravity powder feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that a secondary potential energy control device (21) is mounted on the upper part of the processing head, and the structure of the secondary potential energy control device is the same as that of the potential energy control device (3); the secondary powder feeding pipe (22) is communicated with a secondary potential energy control device (21) to feed powder, a secondary rotary disc (23) is arranged below the secondary potential energy control device (21), and the structure of the secondary rotary disc (23) is the same as that of the rotary disc (14); the secondary potential energy control device (21) is connected with a secondary powder recovery device (25) through a secondary recovery pipeline (24), and the secondary powder recovery device (25) is respectively connected with a secondary powder pipe (26) and a secondary air pipe (27).
4. A gravity powder feeder according to claim 1, wherein the powder bin (2) has a first aeration line (9), a first exhaust line (10) and a first oxygen meter (11); the powder recovery device (5) is provided with a second inflation pipeline (16), a second exhaust pipeline (17) and a second oxygen analyzer (18).
5. The gravity powder feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the powder box (2) and the powder recovery device (5) are respectively provided with a protective gas charging and discharging pipeline and an oxygen analyzer.
6. A method of feeding powder using the gravity powder feeder of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the steps of:
adding the powder into a powder box (2);
the height from the potential energy control device (3) to a molten pool is adjusted to be a preset value through a multi-stage hydraulic mechanism (13), and then a valve at the connection part of a first telescopic hose (6) and a powder box (2) is opened, so that powder enters the potential energy control device (3) from the powder box (2);
opening a valve at the joint of the second telescopic hose (7) and the potential energy control device (3) to ensure that the redundant powder enters the second telescopic hose (7) and enters the powder recovery device (5) through the second telescopic hose (7) after the powder is accumulated to a certain height in the potential energy control device (3);
and starting the machining head to start powder feeding and additive machining.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the powder feeding amount G is controlled by the following empirical formula:
wherein rho is the density of the powder material, r is the pipe hole radius of the powder feeding pipe (15), g is the gravity acceleration, h is the powder accumulation height in the potential energy control device (3), l is the total length of the powder feeding pipe (15) below the potential energy control device (3), and k is1Empirical constants brought to the gaps between the powders, the values of which are 0.45 to 0.5, k2The empirical constant brought by the friction resistance between the powders is 0.79 to 0.83.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that before the powder is introduced into the powder box (2), inert protective gas is introduced into the powder box (2) through the gas charging and discharging line, the air inside is discharged, the oxygen content in the powder box is monitored by the oxygen analyzer (11), the gas discharging line is closed when the oxygen content is lower than 0.1%, and the inert protective gas is continuously introduced until the pressure in the powder box (2) is higher than one atmosphere.
9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that before opening the valve at the connection of the second flexible hose (7) and the potential energy control device (3), the inert shielding gas is charged through the gas charging and discharging pipeline, the internal air is discharged, the oxygen content in the powder box is monitored through the oxygen analyzer (11), when the oxygen content is lower than 0.1%, the gas discharging pipeline is closed, and the inert shielding gas is continuously charged until the pressure in the powder box (2) is higher than one atmosphere.
10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the powder is further subjected to powder recovery after entering a powder recovery device (5), wherein the powder recovery is specifically: and closing a valve at the joint of the second telescopic hose (7) and the potential energy control device (3), then taking down the powder recovery device (5), directly pouring the powder which is not easy to oxidize back to the powder box (2), or closing the valve at the joint of the second telescopic hose (7) and the potential energy control device (3), opening an inflation pipeline to blow in inert protective gas, and blowing the powder back to the powder box (2) through a pipeline which is arranged on the powder recovery device (5) and is connected with a feed inlet of the powder box (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111417205.6A CN113828925B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Gravity powder feeding method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111417205.6A CN113828925B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Gravity powder feeding method and device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113828925A true CN113828925A (en) | 2021-12-24 |
| CN113828925B CN113828925B (en) | 2022-02-25 |
Family
ID=78971594
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111417205.6A Active CN113828925B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Gravity powder feeding method and device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113828925B (en) |
Citations (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2150214Y (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1993-12-22 | 华中理工大学 | Dead-weight type laser molten-coated powder supplying device |
| CN1654710A (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2005-08-17 | 西北工业大学 | Adjustable powder feeder |
| US20050220921A1 (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2005-10-06 | Kent Olsson | Dynamic forging impact energy retention machine |
| CN102134715A (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2011-07-27 | 杭州中科新松光电有限公司 | Laser cladding multi-bin negative-pressure type powder feeder |
| US20110220621A1 (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2011-09-15 | Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh | Determining Powder Feed Nozzle Misalignment |
| CN102248161A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2011-11-23 | 严培义 | Controllable powder-feeding mechanism of power forming machine |
| CN103014696A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-03 | 华南师范大学 | Synchronous powder feeding device for laser cladding machining |
| CN103882425A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-25 | 温州职业技术学院 | Laser cladding pulsed powder feeder with rotating powder tank scraper blade |
| CN104014791A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-09-03 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | 3D printing method and device of large-inclination part and electronic control multifunctional powder distribution device |
| CN104308348A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-28 | 武汉高力热喷涂工程有限责任公司 | Gantry type middle groove powder plasma overlaying machine, control system and control method |
| CN104498943A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-04-08 | 江苏永年激光成形技术有限公司 | Nuclear heavy blank molding process and LCD-EBAM integrated printing equipment |
| CN104552945A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-29 | 佛山市南海中南机械有限公司 | Powder supplying and spreading device for 3D printer |
| US20150298397A1 (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2015-10-22 | Microjet Technology Co., Ltd. | Powder recycling system |
| CN205464333U (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-17 | 重庆大学 | Selectivity laser melting supplies powder and powder recovery system |
| KR101649756B1 (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-08-22 | (주)센트롤 | Powder feeding apparatus for three dimemsional printer |
| CN106077639A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-11-09 | 西安铂力特激光成形技术有限公司 | A kind of selective laser fusing former and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN106696051A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-24 | 上海普睿玛智能科技有限公司 | Large carbon dioxide laser 3D printing equipment and printing method thereof |
| CN106735182A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州莱特复合材料有限公司 | A kind of powder shaping press dust feeder |
| CN107175328A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-19 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | A kind of dust feeder being used for during catalytic behavior of materials spheroidizing of powder |
| CN108330485A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-07-27 | 西北大学 | A kind of laser melting coating effective gravity synchronous powder feeder |
| CN208164311U (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-11-30 | 吉林大学 | A kind of essence amount proportion powder feed system |
| CN108971141A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method and apparatus of small energy laser high-efficiency washing steel surface rusty scale |
| CN109680273A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-26 | 西安必盛激光科技有限公司 | A kind of adjustable laser melting coating system of laser angle |
| CN109732086A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-10 | 上海汉邦联航激光科技有限公司 | 3D printing product removes powder reclaiming device |
| CN110592586A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2019-12-20 | 岗春激光科技（江苏）有限公司 | Powder feeding device |
| CN110923705A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-27 | 天津危伏智能装备有限公司 | Multifunctional powder feeding system |
| US20200331098A1 (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-10-22 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser clad-welding method and laser clad-welding apparatus |
| CN112663043A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-16 | 天津大学 | Ultrasonic shot blasting assisted laser additive repair device and repair method thereof |
| CN213388900U (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-06-08 | 郑州职业技术学院 | Accurate powder feeding device for laser cladding of outer surface of plunger of hydraulic support |
| CN213624386U (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-07-06 | 宁波镭速激光科技有限公司 | High-speed laser cladding powder feeder |
| CN113172885A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-07-27 | 常州大学 | Self-adjusting powder conveying device applicable to 3D printer |
| CN113245562A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-08-13 | 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 | Equipment for preparing metal test piece and structural part by high-energy beam |
| CN113319426A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-31 | 华中科技大学 | Laser powder filling device and method for laser welding seam reinforcement |
-
2021
- 2021-11-26 CN CN202111417205.6A patent/CN113828925B/en active Active
Patent Citations (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2150214Y (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1993-12-22 | 华中理工大学 | Dead-weight type laser molten-coated powder supplying device |
| US20050220921A1 (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2005-10-06 | Kent Olsson | Dynamic forging impact energy retention machine |
| CN1654710A (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2005-08-17 | 西北工业大学 | Adjustable powder feeder |
| US20110220621A1 (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2011-09-15 | Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh | Determining Powder Feed Nozzle Misalignment |
| CN102134715A (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2011-07-27 | 杭州中科新松光电有限公司 | Laser cladding multi-bin negative-pressure type powder feeder |
| CN102248161A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2011-11-23 | 严培义 | Controllable powder-feeding mechanism of power forming machine |
| CN103014696A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-03 | 华南师范大学 | Synchronous powder feeding device for laser cladding machining |
| CN103882425A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-25 | 温州职业技术学院 | Laser cladding pulsed powder feeder with rotating powder tank scraper blade |
| US20150298397A1 (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2015-10-22 | Microjet Technology Co., Ltd. | Powder recycling system |
| CN104014791A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-09-03 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | 3D printing method and device of large-inclination part and electronic control multifunctional powder distribution device |
| CN104308348A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-28 | 武汉高力热喷涂工程有限责任公司 | Gantry type middle groove powder plasma overlaying machine, control system and control method |
| CN104552945A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-29 | 佛山市南海中南机械有限公司 | Powder supplying and spreading device for 3D printer |
| CN104498943A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-04-08 | 江苏永年激光成形技术有限公司 | Nuclear heavy blank molding process and LCD-EBAM integrated printing equipment |
| KR101649756B1 (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-08-22 | (주)센트롤 | Powder feeding apparatus for three dimemsional printer |
| CN205464333U (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-17 | 重庆大学 | Selectivity laser melting supplies powder and powder recovery system |
| CN106077639A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-11-09 | 西安铂力特激光成形技术有限公司 | A kind of selective laser fusing former and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN106735182A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州莱特复合材料有限公司 | A kind of powder shaping press dust feeder |
| CN106696051A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-24 | 上海普睿玛智能科技有限公司 | Large carbon dioxide laser 3D printing equipment and printing method thereof |
| CN107175328A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-19 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | A kind of dust feeder being used for during catalytic behavior of materials spheroidizing of powder |
| CN208164311U (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-11-30 | 吉林大学 | A kind of essence amount proportion powder feed system |
| CN108330485A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-07-27 | 西北大学 | A kind of laser melting coating effective gravity synchronous powder feeder |
| CN108971141A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method and apparatus of small energy laser high-efficiency washing steel surface rusty scale |
| CN109680273A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-26 | 西安必盛激光科技有限公司 | A kind of adjustable laser melting coating system of laser angle |
| CN109732086A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-10 | 上海汉邦联航激光科技有限公司 | 3D printing product removes powder reclaiming device |
| US20200331098A1 (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-10-22 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser clad-welding method and laser clad-welding apparatus |
| CN112663043A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-16 | 天津大学 | Ultrasonic shot blasting assisted laser additive repair device and repair method thereof |
| CN110592586A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2019-12-20 | 岗春激光科技（江苏）有限公司 | Powder feeding device |
| CN110923705A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-27 | 天津危伏智能装备有限公司 | Multifunctional powder feeding system |
| CN213388900U (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-06-08 | 郑州职业技术学院 | Accurate powder feeding device for laser cladding of outer surface of plunger of hydraulic support |
| CN213624386U (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-07-06 | 宁波镭速激光科技有限公司 | High-speed laser cladding powder feeder |
| CN113172885A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-07-27 | 常州大学 | Self-adjusting powder conveying device applicable to 3D printer |
| CN113319426A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-31 | 华中科技大学 | Laser powder filling device and method for laser welding seam reinforcement |
| CN113245562A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-08-13 | 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 | Equipment for preparing metal test piece and structural part by high-energy beam |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113828925B (en) | 2022-02-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111560585B (en) | Preparation method of aluminum scandium target material | |
| CN101279362B (en) | Method for manufacturing low-segregation large-sized steel ingot by quickening cooling of bottom and lateral wall | |
| JP2017507251A (en) | Centrifugal spraying of iron alloys | |
| CN107812941A (en) | A kind of in-situ preparation method of laser gain material manufacture aluminium alloy and products thereof | |
| US20140076463A1 (en) | Master alloy production for glassy aluminum-based alloys | |
| WO2020078055A1 (en) | Metal additive manufacturing method and device employing continuous powder supply and induction heating | |
| CN201231310Y (en) | Low-segregation large-size ingot obtaining device through quickening the cooling of the bottom, lateral wall | |
| CN113828925B (en) | Gravity powder feeding method and device | |
| US5263689A (en) | Apparatus for making alloy power | |
| Zhou et al. | Investigation of the WAAM processes features based on an indirect arc between two non-consumable electrodes | |
| CN102893348A (en) | Ndfeb system sintered-magnet manufacturing apparatus | |
| CN1159131C (en) | Special equipment and process of laser fusion coating for producing high speed wire rod roller | |
| US20240149492A1 (en) | Additive manufacture of complex intermetallic and ceramic structures | |
| US20130340967A1 (en) | Advanced Feed System for Semi Solid Casting | |
| JP6088768B2 (en) | Method for producing Cu-Ga based alloy target | |
| CN104164579A (en) | Multielement alloy based on tungsten-potassium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110722158A (en) | Device for enhancing exhaust effect of magnesium alloy selective laser melting steam smoke | |
| JP2002079367A (en) | Automatic continuous casting system and forging system | |
| JP2003266150A (en) | Method and apparatus for producing magnesium alloy thin sheet | |
| CN113732442A (en) | Method for performing additive forming on full-equiaxial fine-grain magnesium alloy component through arc fuse | |
| CN1258577A (en) | Continuous casting process and continuous casting machine | |
| CN112191844A (en) | 3D printing method of aluminum-copper alloy | |
| CN111172442A (en) | Rare earth magnesium alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115229219B (en) | Multi-field assisted laser melting deposition composite additive manufacturing system | |
| CN219986236U (en) | Electron beam material-increasing manufacturing equipment and on-line powder adding vacuum transition bin device thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: No. 1205, 1f, building 12, neijian Middle Road, Xisanqi building materials City, Haidian District, Beijing 100096 Patentee after: Beijing Yuding Additive Manufacturing Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 1205, 1f, building 12, neijian Middle Road, Xisanqi building materials City, Haidian District, Beijing 100096 Patentee before: BEIJING YUDING ZENGCAI MANUFACTURE RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. |