CN113824517A - Wireless on-orbit adaptive amplitude and phase correction system based on digital beam synthesis - Google Patents
Wireless on-orbit adaptive amplitude and phase correction system based on digital beam synthesis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless on-orbit self-adaptive amplitude and phase correction system based on digital beam synthesis, which comprises an energy detection module, a phase coarse compensation module, an SNR estimation module, an amplitude measurement module, a phase measurement module, a correction coefficient calculation module, an amplitude and phase correction module and an amplitude and phase correction coefficient storage module. The self-adaptive amplitude and phase correction system provided by the invention can ensure that the signals with SNR (signal to noise ratio) of each channel being more than or equal to 20dB are selected to be calculated to obtain a high-precision and high-reliability correction coefficient, compensate the multi-cycle phase difference, avoid the judgment of positive and negative pi jump in a single cycle, ensure that the link layer test is not influenced while the amplitude and phase correction coefficient is calculated, improve the precision of the correction coefficient and the communication efficiency, simplify the operation complexity, and have very important significance and very wide application prospect in carrying out high-precision and high-reliability amplitude and phase correction on the multiple channels of the satellite-borne digital beam forming system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of amplitude and phase correction, in particular to a wireless on-orbit self-adaptive amplitude and phase correction system based on digital beam synthesis.
Background
Digital Beamforming (DBF) refers to weighted summation of sampled data to enhance signal power in certain specific directions while suppressing interference power in certain other directions. Compared with an active phased array realized by the traditional analog technology, the digital beam forming technology has obvious advantages in the aspects of system precision, stability, flexibility and the like. With the progress of electronic technology, devices such as FPGA and DSP continuously make breakthrough in performance, volume, power consumption, etc., so that the implementation of satellite-borne digital beamforming technology becomes a reality and will become one of the future development directions. However, the digital beam forming system has a relatively strict requirement on the amplitude-phase consistency of the radio frequency channels, in engineering applications, most of the components of the radio frequency channels are analog devices, and the amplitude-phase difference between the channels inevitably exists, and the inconsistency between the array antenna and the radio frequency channels leads to the deterioration of the digital beam forming performance, including the reduction of the direction finding precision and the deterioration of the beam forming performance, so that it has a very important significance in performing high-precision and high-reliability amplitude-phase correction on the channels of the satellite-borne digital beam forming system.
Disclosure of Invention
For a multi-beam receiver running on the orbit, detection and correction of multi-channel amplitude-phase inconsistency can only depend on the satellite-borne system. The invention provides a wireless in-orbit self-adaptive amplitude and phase correction system based on digital beam synthesis, which can automatically screen out received signals with SNR (signal to noise ratio) more than or equal to 20dB for amplitude and phase correction by utilizing the SNR value estimated in real time when a ground monitoring station injects modulation signals into a satellite-borne system. The satellite-borne receiver firstly estimates the amplitude-phase coefficient of the received signal of each channel, and then obtains the amplitude-phase correction coefficient of each channel by utilizing matrix inverse operation, thereby realizing amplitude-phase correction. The system does not need to configure an additional antenna for the satellite-borne system, does not need to inject additional signals, does not need to add other hardware, and has the advantages of simple algorithm structure, low hardware overhead, stability and easy realization.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a wireless on-orbit adaptive amplitude and phase correction system based on digital beam synthesis comprises an energy detection module, a phase coarse compensation module, an SNR estimation module, an amplitude measurement module, a phase measurement module, a correction coefficient calculation module, an amplitude and phase correction module and an amplitude and phase correction coefficient storage module, wherein:
the energy detection module is used for receiving the signals after multi-channel intermediate frequency down-conversion and filtering extraction, performing correlation operation by using the received signals and a local sequence, and searching a peak value, thereby determining the accurate initial position of each channel signal;
the phase coarse compensation module is used for shifting the multichannel phase difference to be within one sampling point;
the SNR estimation module is used for selecting a burst signal frame with the SNR more than or equal to 20 dB;
the amplitude measurement module is used for calculating the energy difference of each channel and determining a reference channel;
the phase measurement module is used for calculating the relative phase difference of each channel relative to a reference channel and transmitting the relative phase difference to the correction coefficient calculation module;
the correction coefficient calculation module is used for obtaining the amplitude-phase correction coefficient of each channel by utilizing matrix inverse operation according to the amplitude-phase coefficient of each channel received signal obtained by the amplitude measurement module and the phase measurement module, and transmitting the amplitude-phase correction coefficient to the amplitude-phase correction module and the amplitude-phase correction coefficient storage module so as to realize amplitude-phase correction;
the amplitude and phase correction module is used for performing amplitude and phase compensation on each channel by using the amplitude and phase correction coefficients obtained by the correction coefficient calculation module and transmitting each corrected channel signal to the DBF system;
and the amplitude and phase correction coefficient storage module is used for storing the amplitude and phase correction coefficient obtained by the correction coefficient calculation module.
Furthermore, the energy detection module is configured to receive the signals after the multi-channel intermediate frequency down-conversion and the filtering extraction, estimate a difference Δ T between a maximum delay and a minimum delay of the satellite uplink burst signal according to a maximum distance and a minimum distance between the satellite and the ship by using a processing method combining a UTC frame header time range estimation of a GPS and a sliding window, perform sliding window method detection only on Δ T data of a start time of each time slot, find a peak value, determine an initial position of the signal, and transmit the peak value to the phase coarse compensation module.
Furthermore, the phase coarse compensation module is configured to align all channel data by using the FIFO shift register according to the position of the maximum value determined by the multi-channel energy detection module, so that the multi-channel phase difference value is within one sampling point, and transmit the multi-channel phase difference value to the SNR estimation module.
Further, the SNR estimation module is configured to estimate SNR values of the burst modulation signals, and if the SNR values of all channels are greater than or equal to 20dB, transmit the SNR values to the amplitude measurement module, otherwise, continue to detect the next burst modulation signal.
Further, selecting L-256 points to calculate the mean and variance var of the channel signal:
the SNR estimation value is:
and (5) performing curve fitting to obtain an accurate SNR value.
Further, the amplitude measurement module is configured to calculate an energy value of each channel, and select a channel with a centered energy as a reference channel.
Further, the amplitude measurement module determines a reference channel by calculating the energy value of the first 1024 points, sends the burst modulation signal and the reference channel number to the phase measurement module, and sends the reference channel number and the energy value of each channel to the correction coefficient calculation module.
Furthermore, the reference channel of the phase measurement module follows the reference channel obtained by the amplitude measurement module, and if the absolute value of the obtained relative phase difference between the two channels is greater than or equal to 150 degrees, the multiplied data is rotated by 90 degrees to obtain the phase difference, and finally the calculated phase value is compensated by-90 degrees.
Further, the amplitude and phase correction coefficient storage module stores the amplitude and phase correction coefficient obtained by the correction coefficient calculation module, and transmits the stored correction coefficient to the amplitude and phase correction module through a power-on or remote control instruction.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
the invention provides a wireless on-orbit self-adaptive amplitude and phase correction system based on digital beam synthesis, which is combined with a satellite-ground network to ensure high-precision and high-reliability correction effect, reduces calculation errors brought by a satellite-ground spatial position through SNR estimation, and improves test accuracy and test efficiency; the system can correct multi-period phase difference through the energy detection module, and the phase difference is ensured to be within a sampling point through the phase coarse compensation module; the algorithm adopted by the phase measurement module avoids the judgment of positive and negative pi jump to obtain the accurate phase difference between each channel and the calibration channel; the system adopts physical layer modulation signals, and does not need a ground monitoring station to additionally inject a single-frequency correction signal with a certain signal-to-noise ratio into the satellite-borne system, thereby reducing the uncertainty brought by the satellite-to-ground link and achieving the effects of real-time processing and self-adaptation. The wireless on-track amplitude and phase correction self-adaptive system provided by the invention can ensure that the signals with SNR (signal to noise ratio) of more than or equal to 20dB of each channel are selected to be calculated to obtain a high-precision and high-reliability correction coefficient, compensate the multi-cycle phase difference, avoid the judgment of positive and negative pi jump in a single cycle, ensure that the link layer test is not influenced while the amplitude and phase correction coefficient is calculated, improve the coefficient precision and the communication efficiency and simplify the operation complexity.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an adaptive amplitude and phase correction system based on digital beam synthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block flow diagram of an amplitude and phase correction adaptive system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment discloses a wireless on-orbit adaptive amplitude and phase correction system based on digital beam forming, which includes an energy detection module, a phase coarse compensation module, an SNR estimation module, an amplitude measurement module, a phase measurement module, a correction coefficient calculation module, an amplitude and phase correction module, and an amplitude and phase correction coefficient storage module, wherein:
the energy detection module is used for receiving the signals after multi-channel intermediate frequency down-conversion and filtering extraction, performing correlation operation by using the received signals and a local sequence, and searching a peak value, thereby determining the accurate initial position of each channel signal;
the phase coarse compensation module is used for shifting the multichannel phase difference to be within one sampling point;
the SNR estimation module is used for selecting a burst signal frame with the SNR more than or equal to 20 dB. Because only one sampling can obtain good correction effect when the signal-to-noise ratio is high. The method reduces the influence of the satellite-ground physical link. When the ground monitoring station continuously transmits the modulation signal in the in-orbit visible range of the satellite, the scheme can automatically screen out the signal which meets the requirement and calculate the amplitude-phase correction coefficient.
The amplitude measurement module is used for calculating the energy difference of each channel and determining a reference channel;
the phase measurement module is used for calculating the relative phase difference of each channel relative to a reference channel and transmitting the relative phase difference to the correction coefficient calculation module;
the correction coefficient calculation module is used for obtaining the amplitude-phase correction coefficient of each channel by utilizing matrix inverse operation according to the amplitude-phase coefficient of each channel received signal obtained by the amplitude measurement module and the phase measurement module, and transmitting the amplitude-phase correction coefficient to the amplitude-phase correction module and the amplitude-phase correction coefficient storage module so as to realize amplitude-phase correction;
the amplitude and phase correction module is used for performing amplitude and phase compensation on each channel by using the amplitude and phase correction coefficients obtained by the correction coefficient calculation module and transmitting each corrected channel signal to the DBF system;
and the amplitude and phase correction coefficient storage module is used for storing the amplitude and phase correction coefficient obtained by the correction coefficient calculation module.
In this embodiment, taking a satellite multi-beam based on the VDE communication system as an example, the number of beams is 8. The energy detection module estimates the difference value delta T between the maximum delay and the minimum delay of the uplink burst signal of the satellite according to the maximum and minimum distances from the satellite to the ship by adopting a processing method combining the UTC frame header time range estimation of the GPS and double sliding windows, if the maximum delay difference according to a VDE recommendation is 8ms, the starting time of each time slot is aligned with the fixed UTC time (2250 VDE time slot exists in each minute period of the UTC), and only the delta T data of the starting time of each time slot is detected by a double sliding window method, firstly, down-conversion and filtering extraction are carried out on the received 8-channel multi-channel VDE intermediate frequency signals in parallel, the sampling rate of the extracted signals is 4 times of the symbol rate through extraction, and the UTC time is started according to the fixed time slot. For example, the symbol rate of VDE is 33.6khz/s, according to the synchronization sequence length of 48 symbols as specified in ITU-R M.2092-0 +/VDE. 1075 symbols are obtained in 8ms after 4 times of sampling, and the length of the spreading sequence is 3072 symbols, so 4096 symbols are used for frequency correlation operation. Firstly, Fourier transform is carried out on the received 4096 symbols, then complex multiplication is carried out on the symbols and a local sequence, finally Fourier inverse operation is carried out on the complex multiplied signals, peak values are searched, accurate initial positions of signals of all channels are determined, and the burst signals and the initial positions of all channels are transmitted to the coarse phase compensation module.
Furthermore, the phase coarse compensation module is configured to align all channel data by using an FIFO shift register according to a position of a maximum value determined by the multi-channel energy detection module, so that a multi-channel phase difference value is within one sampling point, and after waiting for a final signal to obtain a start position, simultaneously reading out 8 channels of signals, and simultaneously providing the 8 channels of signals to the SNR estimation module. The module adapts the system to an environment where multi-cycle phase differences exist.
Further, the SNR estimation module is configured to estimate SNR values of the burst modulation signals, and if the SNR values of all channels are greater than or equal to 20dB, transmit the SNR values to the amplitude measurement module, otherwise, continue to detect the next burst modulation signal. Selecting 256 points to calculate the mean value mean and variance var of the channel signal:
the SNR estimation value is:
and (5) performing curve fitting to obtain an accurate SNR value.
Further, the amplitude measurement module is configured to calculate an energy value of each channel, select a reference channel, and calibrate other channels. Because the DBF system can amplify the received signals, the signals with larger energy are selected to easily cause signal overflow, and the signals with smaller energy can not ensure the signal quality. Therefore, the system selects the signal with the intermediate energy as the reference channel on the premise of ensuring that the signal does not overflow and ensuring the signal quality. Specifically, the amplitude measurement module determines a reference channel by calculating energy values of the first 1024 points, sends the burst modulation signal and the reference channel number to the phase measurement module, and sends the reference channel number and the energy values of each channel to the correction coefficient calculation module.
Furthermore, the reference channel of the phase measurement module is along with the reference channel obtained by the amplitude measurement module, if the absolute value of the obtained relative phase difference between the two channels is larger than or equal to 150 degrees, the multiplied data is rotated by 90 degrees to obtain the phase difference, and finally the calculated phase value is compensated by-90 degrees, and the algorithm adopted by the phase measurement module avoids the judgment of positive and negative pi jump, so that the obtained relative phase value can accurately reflect the phase between the reference channel and the phase measurement module.
Further, the amplitude and phase correction coefficient storage module stores the amplitude and phase correction coefficient obtained by the correction coefficient calculation module, and transmits the stored correction coefficient to the amplitude and phase correction module through a power-on or remote control instruction.
The embodiment provides a wireless on-orbit self-adaptive amplitude and phase correction system based on digital beam synthesis, the system combines a satellite-ground network to ensure high-precision and high-reliability correction effect, the scheme can ensure that signals with SNR (signal to noise ratio) of each channel being more than or equal to 20dB are selected to be calculated to obtain high-precision and high-reliability correction coefficients, multi-cycle phase difference is compensated, judgment of positive and negative pi jump is avoided in a single cycle, link layer test is not influenced while the amplitude and phase correction coefficients are calculated, coefficient precision and communication efficiency are improved, and operation complexity is simplified.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A wireless on-orbit adaptive amplitude and phase correction system based on digital beam synthesis is characterized by comprising an energy detection module, a phase coarse compensation module, an SNR estimation module, an amplitude measurement module, a phase measurement module, a correction coefficient calculation module, an amplitude and phase correction module and an amplitude and phase correction coefficient storage module, wherein:
the energy detection module is used for receiving the signals after multi-channel intermediate frequency down-conversion and filtering extraction, performing correlation operation by using the received signals and a local sequence, and searching a peak value, thereby determining the accurate initial position of each channel signal;
the phase coarse compensation module is used for shifting the multichannel phase difference to be within one sampling point;
the SNR estimation module is used for selecting a burst signal frame with the SNR more than or equal to 20 dB;
the amplitude measurement module is used for calculating the energy difference of each channel and determining a reference channel;
the phase measurement module is used for calculating the relative phase difference of each channel relative to a reference channel and transmitting the relative phase difference to the correction coefficient calculation module;
the correction coefficient calculation module is used for obtaining the amplitude-phase correction coefficient of each channel by utilizing matrix inverse operation according to the amplitude-phase coefficient of each channel received signal obtained by the amplitude measurement module and the phase measurement module, and transmitting the amplitude-phase correction coefficient to the amplitude-phase correction module and the amplitude-phase correction coefficient storage module so as to realize amplitude-phase correction;
the amplitude and phase correction module is used for performing amplitude and phase compensation on each channel by using the amplitude and phase correction coefficients obtained by the correction coefficient calculation module and transmitting each corrected channel signal to the DBF system;
and the amplitude and phase correction coefficient storage module is used for storing the amplitude and phase correction coefficient obtained by the correction coefficient calculation module.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the energy detection module is configured to receive the signals after the multi-channel intermediate frequency down-conversion and the filtering extraction, estimate the difference Δ T between the maximum delay and the minimum delay of the uplink burst signal of the satellite according to the maximum and minimum distances from the satellite to the ship by using a processing method combining a UTC frame header time range estimation and a sliding window of a GPS, perform sliding window detection only on Δ T data at the start time of each timeslot to find a peak value, determine the start position of the signal, and transmit the peak value to the phase coarse compensation module.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the coarse phase compensation module is configured to align all channel data using a FIFO shift register according to a position of the maximum determined by the multi-channel energy detection module, so that a multi-channel phase difference value is within a sampling point, and transmit the multi-channel phase difference value to the SNR estimation module.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the SNR estimation module is configured to estimate SNR values of the burst modulation signals, and if the SNR values of all channels are greater than or equal to 20dB, the SNR values are transmitted to the amplitude measurement module, otherwise, the next burst modulation signal is detected.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the mean and variance var of the channel signal are calculated by selecting L-256 points:
the SNR estimation value is:
and (5) performing curve fitting to obtain an accurate SNR value.
6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the amplitude measurement module is configured to calculate energy values of the channels, and select a channel with a centered energy as a reference channel.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the amplitude measurement module determines a reference channel by calculating energy values of the first 1024 points, sends a burst modulation signal and a reference channel number to the phase measurement module, and sends the reference channel number and energy values of each channel to the correction coefficient calculation module.
8. The system according to claim 1, wherein the reference channel of the phase measurement module follows the reference channel obtained by the amplitude measurement module, and if the absolute value of the relative phase difference between the two channels is greater than or equal to 150 degrees, the multiplied data is rotated by 90 degrees to obtain the phase difference, and finally the calculated phase value is compensated by-90 degrees.
9. The system according to claim 1, wherein the amplitude and phase correction coefficient storage module stores the amplitude and phase correction coefficient obtained by the correction coefficient calculation module, and transmits the stored correction coefficient to the amplitude and phase correction module through a power-on or remote control command.
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