CN113821990A - Full-element emergency disposal simulation module platform - Google Patents
Full-element emergency disposal simulation module platform Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of safety engineering and information, and provides a full-element emergency disposal simulation module platform. The platform includes: a modeling module for constructing a plurality of simulation models for the plant from the plant data; and the simulation engine module is used for driving the plurality of simulation models to run and interact data in a virtual environment so as to realize corresponding equipment simulation. Wherein the plurality of simulation models comprises: a risk equipment model and an emergency drill model. The risk device model includes: the ideal equipment model is used for simulating the technological process, accident phenomenon and disaster field perception of equipment; and the accident model is used for simulating the accident phenomenon caused by the ideal equipment model. The emergency drilling model is used for simulating an emergency drilling process aiming at accident phenomena of equipment. Compared with the traditional OTS and EDS, the invention can comprise a plurality of simulation elements such as process, chain accident, disaster, rescue, decision and the like, and promotes the realization of full-element simulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of safety engineering technology and information technology, in particular to a full-element emergency disposal simulation module platform.
Background
At present, in the industries of petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy and the like, the construction process simulation system is more and more emphasized, and becomes an important component part in the industry safety engineering. The existing related simulation System mainly comprises an Operator Training System (OTS) and a full-element Emergency disposal simulation modeling System (EDS), and the respective advantages and disadvantages of the OTS and the EDS are as follows:
1) OTS is an important application of a process model and a simulation technology, but only focuses on running data of equipment, mainly aims at ensuring that the equipment realizes normal driving and parking operation, and has serious and insufficient functions in the aspects of accident and emergency treatment training.
2) The EDS uses a Virtual Reality Geographic Information System (VRGIS) and a computer network technology to construct a three-dimensional Virtual drilling environment and a form of multi-client participation, which is more and more widely applied, but only focuses on the rescue process after an accident, and essentially shows an emergency plan in a three-dimensional scene, is disjointed from the equipment running state, and has no variability and flexibility.
Accordingly, it is known that these two simulation systems focus on only some elements of the emergency treatment of the equipment, and "full-element" simulation of the emergency treatment cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a full-element emergency disposal simulation module platform, which is used for solving the problem that the existing simulation system cannot realize full-element simulation of emergency disposal.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a full-factor emergency treatment simulation module platform, including: a modeling module for constructing a plurality of simulation models for the plant from the plant data; and the simulation engine module is used for driving the plurality of simulation models to run and interact data in a virtual environment so as to realize corresponding equipment simulation. Wherein the plurality of simulation models comprises: a risk equipment model and an emergency drill model. Wherein the risk device model comprises: the ideal equipment model is used for simulating the technological process, accident phenomenon and disaster field perception of equipment; and the accident model is used for simulating the accident phenomenon caused by the ideal equipment model. The emergency drilling model is used for simulating an emergency drilling process aiming at the accident phenomenon of the equipment.
Optionally, the full-factor emergency disposal simulation module platform further includes: the data support module is used for providing equipment data for constructing the simulation model for the modeling module, wherein the equipment data comprises process data, accident data, disaster field data, emergency drilling data and/or environment data of equipment.
Optionally, the process data comprises any one or more of the following data in the plant: temperature, pressure, flow, level, and material information. The accident data comprises process data corresponding to the equipment in any one or more of the following accident states: fire, explosion, leakage, plugging, lightning failure, material failure, strength failure, and structural failure. The disaster field data includes disaster field type, disaster-related geographic information, and disaster field variation. The emergency drilling data comprise rescue basic data and emergency decision data.
Optionally, the data support module includes one or more of the following: the memory real-time database runs in the memory and is used for rapidly storing real-time data related to the simulation of the equipment; a basic storage database for storing basic data of the operation of the full-element emergency treatment simulation group module platform and data needing to be stored; and a GIS (Geographic Information System) for providing relevant Geographic Information for disaster site calculation to the devices.
Optionally, the risk device model further includes: the damage perception model is used for simulating the damage condition of the current disaster field to the equipment, wherein the damage condition comprises a damage type, a damage area and a damage degree; wherein the accident model is further used for simulating accident phenomena caused by the disaster site sensed by the damage sensing model.
Optionally, the modeling module includes: a model development module for developing the plurality of simulation models in a device simulation modeling environment; and the model management module is used for carrying out model increase and decrease, model modification, information maintenance, version upgrade and/or maturity management on the simulation model.
Optionally, the simulation engine module is further configured to: driving the modeling module to establish a corresponding accident model aiming at the new accident phenomenon caused by the accident phenomenon generated by operating the accident model; and establishing a data connection relation between accident models corresponding to the chain accident phenomenon.
Optionally, the emergency drill model includes: a rescue model constructed based on rescue basic data and used for simulating rescue conditions aiming at the accident phenomenon; and/or a decision command model constructed based on the emergency decision data, for simulating a decision situation for the accident phenomenon. Wherein the risk equipment model is updated in response to operation of the rescue model and/or the decision-making command model.
Optionally, the full-factor emergency disposal simulation module platform further includes: and the graph group module is used for providing a graph group module environment for the plurality of simulation models so as to operate the plurality of simulation models in a full-graphical configuration mode in the graph group module environment.
Optionally, the operating the plurality of simulation models in the fully-graphical configuration mode includes one or more of: carrying out version replacement on each simulation model; dividing data interacted among simulation models of different devices into logistics data and information flow data; and performing auxiliary debugging for each simulation model.
Optionally, the performing auxiliary debugging on each simulation model includes performing one or more of the following: specifying device operation, visual data display, error reporting output, and abnormal status capture.
Optionally, the full-factor emergency disposal simulation module platform further includes: and the workshop section module is used for calling and combining corresponding models in the plurality of simulation models to form workshop section models for simulating workshop sections.
Optionally, the full-factor emergency disposal simulation module platform further includes: and the factory module assembly module is used for connecting the respective section models of the adjacent sections to form a factory model for simulating the factory.
Through the technical scheme, the full-element emergency disposal simulation module platform provided by the embodiment of the invention can simulate a process, an accident phenomenon, disaster field perception and an emergency drilling process, and compared with the traditional OTS and EDS, the safety simulation can comprise a plurality of elements such as a process, a chain accident, a disaster, rescue, a decision and the like, so that the realization of full-element simulation is promoted.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-factor emergency treatment simulation module platform according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-factor emergency treatment simulation module platform according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-factor emergency treatment simulation module platform according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a risk equipment model, for example, a storage tank, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-factor emergency treatment simulation module platform according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-factor emergency treatment simulation module platform according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 7 is an application schematic diagram of a full-factor emergency treatment simulation module platform according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
100 modeling module 200 simulation engine module
300 data support Module 400 graphics group Module
500-section module 600 factory module
101 model development module 102 model management module
110 risk equipment model 120 emergency drill model
111 ideal equipment model 112 accident model
113 injury perception model 121 rescue model
122 decision-making command model
410 storage tank ideal model 421 liquid pool model
422 conventional pool fire model 423 torch model
424 overpressure explosion model 425 damaged explosion model
426 residual liquid pool fire model
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-element emergency treatment simulation model platform according to an embodiment of the present invention, which can also be understood as an emergency drilling simulation platform for simulating an emergency drilling process for an equipment accident in industries such as petroleum, chemical industry, and metallurgy. As shown in fig. 1, the full-factor emergency treatment simulation module platform may include: a modeling module 100 for constructing a plurality of simulation models for the plant from the plant data; and the simulation engine module 200 is configured to drive the multiple simulation models to run in a virtual environment and perform data interaction, so as to implement corresponding device simulation.
It should be noted that the device simulation according to the embodiment of the present invention includes not only the simulation of the device entity itself, but also the simulation of processes related to the device, such as processes, accidents, disaster areas, emergency treatment, and the like, that is, "process device simulation". In addition, the equipment may be every physical equipment in petroleum, chemical and metallurgical plants, such as tanks, hydrogenation units, etc., and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the device modeling is a common simulation technique, and technicians in the related field can realize the device modeling and model simplification by combining a strict chemical engineering correlation theory, reliable numerical analysis and the like based on the acquired device data, and a plurality of descriptions are not provided herein.
The following describes the modeling module 100 and the simulation engine module 200 in more detail.
A, modeling module 100
Before describing the composition of the modeling module 100, a plurality of simulation models constructed by the modeling module are described. Referring again to FIG. 1, the plurality of simulation models may include: a risk equipment model 110 and an emergency drill model 120. Wherein the risk device model 110 may include: an ideal equipment model 111 for simulating the technological process, accident phenomenon and disaster field perception of the equipment; and an accident model 112 for simulating an accident phenomenon caused by the ideal equipment model. Preferably, the ideal device model 111 may include: a process model constructed based on the process data of the equipment and used for simulating the process of the equipment; and a disaster field model constructed based on the disaster field data of the equipment, and used for simulating the disaster field perception condition of the equipment. Where the ideal equipment model 111 may also describe accident data to enable simulation of the accident itself, but the accident simulation is combined with the equipment simulation in the same model.
In the embodiment of the invention, the ideal equipment model and the risk equipment model are relatively defined, the ideal equipment model is a model for describing the running state of the entity equipment, the described process, accident phenomenon and disaster field perception are used for reflecting the running state of the equipment, and the risk equipment model is a model capable of describing the running state of the entity equipment and describing accidents caused by the equipment, so that the risk equipment model comprises the ideal equipment model and the accident model. It is to be understood that "ideal" in an ideal plant model is used primarily to distinguish it from "risk" in a risk plant model, both of which essentially represent a plant model.
From the above, it can be seen that although the ideal plant model 111 can describe the accident, the accident simulation and the plant simulation are combined in the same model, and the actual plant and the accident phenomenon caused by the actual plant are independent, so that the accident simulation does not conform to the actual physical phenomenon, and cannot be independently reused without the plant simulation. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention considers that the accident phenomenon caused by the equipment is independently modeled after the equipment has the related accident, and the equipment accident is separated from the accident modeling, so that the accident exists as an independent simulation module, thereby conforming to the actual physical phenomenon on one hand and realizing the reuse of an accident model on the other hand. This is the idea of constructing the risk device model according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the ideal equipment model and the accident model are configured and connected, so that logistics and information flow can be transmitted between the ideal equipment model and the accident model to form the risk equipment model. Accordingly, the risk equipment model 110 of the embodiment of the present invention is a combination of the "ideal equipment model 111+ accident model 112", and the combined ideal equipment model and accident model both keep independent operation, but can perform dynamic data interaction, thereby ensuring the consistency of the operation conditions of the physical equipment.
Further, the emergency drill model 120 is used to simulate an emergency drill process for the accident phenomenon of the equipment. Preferably, the emergency drill model 120 may include: a rescue model 121 constructed based on rescue basic data and used for simulating rescue conditions aiming at the accident phenomenon; and/or a decision-making command model 122 constructed based on emergency decision data for simulating a decision-making situation for the accident phenomenon.
Wherein the risk device model 110 is updated in response to operation of the rescue model and/or the decision-making command model. The update appears, for example, as: and triggering the rescue model and/or the decision command model to obtain corresponding data, and updating the disaster field data based on the data. For example, after a disaster, such as a fire, is found, the operator may operate the simulation of the rescue model to perform some rescue measures, such as simulation of fire extinguishment by fire extinguishers, so that it is known that rescue data generated by the rescue personnel performing the rescue has an influence on the disaster site, such as reducing the flame temperature by extinguishing the fire. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention can update and observe the disaster field data in real time based on the rescue data and the like so as to accurately reflect the change of the disaster field data.
It should be noted that the rescue basic data and the emergency decision data corresponding to the construction of the rescue model 121 and the decision-making command model 122 both belong to emergency drilling data, and details about the emergency management data will be described in detail in the second embodiment, which is not repeated herein. In addition, in addition to the rescue model 121 and the decision command model 122, the emergency drilling model 120 may further include other models or modules involved in the emergency drilling process, such as utility modules of pipe network computing, utilities, water, electricity, gas, etc., which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
Preferably, for a plurality of simulation models constructed, the modeling module 100 may include: a model development module 101, configured to develop the plurality of simulation models in a device simulation modeling environment; and a model management module 102, configured to perform model addition/subtraction, model modification, information maintenance, interface setting, version upgrade, and/or maturity management on the simulation model.
For example, the model development module 101 enables a modeling engineer to complete a model in a plant simulation modeling environment and inject the model into a graphic group modeling environment so that it can be run. The model management module 102 performs functions of adding and removing device models, modifying models, maintaining information, upgrading versions, managing maturity, and the like, which are described in detail below.
(1) Newly-added model
For example, an ideal device model or other model that is newly completed in a device simulation modeling environment is injected into the graphics group modeling environment. Other model deletions and model modifications are similar.
(2) Information maintenance
For example, basic information maintenance is performed on a new or existing ideal device model, external interface information of the module is defined, and the like.
(3) Version upgrade
For example, the version upgrading is performed based on the improvement of the model function, or the version upgrading is performed according to different working conditions. It should be noted that version upgrade needs to be performed in combination with specific situations, and the functions of a new version are not necessarily superior to those of an old version.
(4) Maturity management
For example, the multiple simulation models that are built are divided into "system level" models, which can be applied to all projects, and "project level" models, which can only be applied to specific projects. Through the management of the model maturity, the contents of the full-element emergency disposal simulation group model platform can be gradually enriched, and the project development progress is accelerated.
Second, simulation engine module 200
For example, the simulation engine module 200 drives the simulation models to perform model operation and data interaction in the corresponding Virtual Reality (VR) environment, for example, through a VR three-dimensional simulation engine, so as to implement a process, an accident phenomenon, a disaster site awareness and an emergency drilling process of the simulation equipment, and the like. Here, the technique of driving the corresponding simulation model using the simulation engine is conventional and will not be described in detail.
In a preferred embodiment, the simulation engine module 200 is further configured to: when a new accident phenomenon is caused by an accident phenomenon generated by operating the accident model, driving the modeling module 100 to establish a corresponding accident model for the new accident phenomenon; and establishing a data connection relation between accident models corresponding to the chain accident phenomenon.
The chain accident phenomenon is an accident domino phenomenon, and the simulation engine module 200 drives and assists the modeling module 100 to simulate the accident domino phenomenon. For example, the simulation engine module 200 performs the following steps for the accident domino phenomenon:
1) and (5) calculating a simulation model. For example, a simulation driving engine is used to complete module operations in a simulation plant (section) model at regular time, and the change condition of the process data is calculated.
2) And (5) model data interaction. And carrying out the example of the previous step, and interacting the currently calculated data of the equipment according to the drawn connection relation during the operation of the workshop section or the factory to finish the data transmission between the two models.
3) The incident module triggers. And carrying out the example of the previous step, wherein in the operation of a workshop section or a factory, after an initial event accident or a secondary event accident is detected, the simulation driving engine automatically adds an accident object, establishes a data connection relation and starts an accident domino system.
In summary, the full-element emergency disposal simulation module platform constructed in the embodiment of the present invention can construct and drive a plurality of simulation models to simulate the process, accident, disaster site perception, emergency drilling process, etc. of equipment, and compared with the conventional OTS and EDS, the safety simulation can include a plurality of elements such as process, chain accident, disaster, rescue, decision, etc., thereby promoting the realization of full-element simulation. The full-element simulation scheme of the embodiment of the invention further enables the simulation to be closer to the scene, thereby being beneficial to analyzing accident reasons, making emergency plans, training personnel and the like, and improving the safety and stability of equipment operation.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-factor emergency disposal simulation model platform according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where the full-factor emergency disposal simulation model platform may further include, on the basis of the first embodiment: a data support module 300 for providing the modeling module 100 with device data for building the simulation model.
Wherein the equipment data comprises process data, accident data, disaster field data, emergency drilling data and/or environmental data of the equipment, etc. The data is the basis for platform operation, and the data support module can comprise the following two databases and a GIS system based on the data, specifically as follows:
1) memory real-time database
The memory real-time database is a real-time database which is established in the running process of the platform and runs in the memory in order to improve the running speed of the platform. The memory real-time database is mainly used for carrying out real-time data related to rapid storage device simulation. Preferably, the in-memory real-time database may include, for example, a configuration database, a running database, and the like.
2) Basic storage database
The basic storage database mainly adopts a MySQL database, and is used for storing both basic data operated by the platform and data needing to be stored in the MySQL database. The base storage database may include, for example, a physical property database, an equipment database, and the like.
3) GIS system
Related calculation of the disaster field needs support of a GIS system, so that the GIS system corresponding to the simulation object needs to be imported in a platform so as to provide related geographic information for calculation of the disaster field for the equipment.
The process data, the accident data, the disaster field data and the emergency drilling data are respectively introduced as follows:
1) process data
The process data is used to describe the operation of the materials involved in the dynamic process in the plant, for example, the process data can be used to reflect the inflow, outflow and accumulation of the materials involved in the dynamic process in various plants (e.g., heat exchangers, tanks, columns, reactors, etc.).
Preferably, the process data includes any one or more of the following data in the plant: temperature, pressure, flow, level, and material information.
2) Accident data
The accident is the change of the running state of the equipment caused by the risk of the equipment or the change of the external condition, and the accident data is used for describing the change situation of the first process data after the accident happens to the equipment.
Preferably, the accident data comprises process data corresponding to the equipment in any one or more of the following accident states: fire, explosion, leakage, plugging, lightning failure, material failure, strength failure, and structural failure. Based on these accident states, the accident data may also be understood to reflect accident phenomena that may be caused by the equipment.
3) Disaster field data
The disaster site data is used for describing the second process data change condition of the equipment in the disaster site. The term "second" is intended to be distinguished from the "first process data change" caused by an accident.
It should be noted that most of the existing equipment simulation models are established only based on process data and accident data, so that such equipment simulation models often describe parameter change conditions of the equipment and accidents possibly caused by the equipment only for each equipment, and do not consider the association between different equipment and the accidents caused by different equipment. Here, the correlation between accidents appears as accident domino. In an actual equipment operation scene, accident domino phenomenon often exists, namely a series of accidents which are sequentially arranged in a time occurrence sequence can occur, for example, one accident is a result of a previous accident, the occurrence of the one accident can lead to the occurrence of a next accident, the accidents depend on one accident to form a series, like a series of dominos which are close to each other and stand front and back, and the falling of a first domino can lead to the continuous falling of the whole series of dominos. For example, the final results of an accident include combustion, explosion, toxic gas (liquid) leakage, etc., so the consequences of the accident can be described as a "temperature field", an "energy field" and a "toxic gas mass", and the consequences of the accident can cause new damage to related equipment and field personnel, thereby forming an accident domino phenomenon.
Therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, the accident domino phenomenon is considered, disaster field data are specially introduced to establish an ideal equipment model, and the purpose of describing new damage to equipment caused by the consequence of a certain accident in the accident domino phenomenon is achieved.
Preferably, the disaster scenario data comprises disaster scenario types, disaster-related geographical information and disaster scenario variations, which may also be understood as a description of the consequences of the accident phenomenon.
In a preferred embodiment, the method of acquiring the disaster site data may include:
a) the disaster site type is determined according to the accident type, and includes, for example, a temperature field corresponding to a fire accident, an energy field corresponding to an explosion accident, and a toxic gas field corresponding to a toxic gas accident, etc. In addition, the disaster field type may also include a concentration field.
b) And acquiring disaster-related geographic information through the GIS, wherein the disaster-related geographic information comprises equipment position information, equipment geometric dimension, topographic and geomorphic information of an accident occurrence place and the like.
c) And (3) performing simulation calculation on the disaster scene by adopting a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation technology to obtain the change condition of the disaster field.
In a more preferred embodiment, the performing of the simulation calculation of the disaster scenario by using the CFD simulation technique may include: the method comprises the steps of carrying out grid division on a disaster scene, calculating the disaster scene by adopting a CFD simulation technology according to each grid, and simplifying a calculation result based on a preset calculation efficiency requirement so as to obtain a calculation result finally showing real-time change conditions of the disaster scene. The smaller the grid is, the more accurate the calculation result is, but the calculation workload is large and the time consumption is longer, so that the calculation efficiency requirement can be preset to meet the real-time requirement or super real-time requirement of calculation.
4) Emergency drill data
The emergency drilling data comprise rescue basic data and emergency decision data. Such as information about people, vehicles, fire extinguishment, spraying, dilution, etc. involved in a rescue scenario, and emergency decision data, such as strategic information for fire fighting, transportation, municipality, evacuation, etc.
In addition to the data referred to in 1) to 4) above, in a preferred embodiment, environmental data of the device may be obtained and the ideal device model may be optimized based on the environmental data. That is, the construction of the ideal equipment model is further refined based on the environmental data. Such as weather, temperature, humidity, etc. around the device.
In summary, the full-element emergency treatment simulation group model platform of the embodiment of the invention can store and provide various parameters required by equipment modeling, and provides strong data support for building a simulation model.
EXAMPLE III
In the third embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, a risk equipment model is further constructed. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-factor emergency treatment simulation model group platform according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, in the third embodiment, the risk device model 110 further includes: and the damage perception model 113 is used for simulating the damage condition of the current disaster field to the equipment.
The disaster field data comprises disaster field data of all accidents corresponding to the ideal equipment model and accident model simulation, and the damage conditions comprise damage types, damage areas and damage degrees. Wherein the accident model is further used for simulating accident phenomena caused by the disaster site sensed by the damage sensing model.
In combination with the above, the existence of the accident domino phenomenon may cause some devices to be subjected to new damages caused by accidents caused by the devices or accidents caused by other devices, and the constructed risk device model may simulate disaster triggering and dynamic disaster evolution processes after the accidents occur based on accident data and disaster field data.
Therefore, the fourth embodiment of the invention determines the specific damage condition of the disaster site to the equipment based on the simulation result of the constructed risk equipment model. For example, the type of damage suffered can be determined according to the type of disaster field shown in the simulation result, such as damage suffered by a temperature field; determining damage areas, such as the positions of equipment damage, according to disaster-related geographic information shown in the simulation results; the damage degree of the equipment can be obtained according to the change situation of the disaster field calculated by CFD shown in the simulation result.
Therefore, the third embodiment of the present invention utilizes the constructed risk equipment model, so that the equipment can sense the damage condition of the disaster site caused by all accidents of the equipment or other equipment, which is equivalent to adding a damage sensing mechanism in the risk equipment model, thereby improving the simulation elements of the risk equipment model and further realizing the full-element simulation of the risk equipment model.
In addition, the occurrence and development process of 'accident domino' can be simulated by using the result of disaster perception and an accident model which operates independently. For example, for accident generation, it is based on the initial event. This initial event, also called a fuse event, is the first event (or accident) to occur, the so-called trigger event. If the accident caused by the accident model simulation is the initial accident of 'accident domino', an accident phenomenon, such as leakage, fire or explosion, may occur after the accident occurs, and the change of the equipment operation parameters may also be caused. After an initial event occurs, a certain accident phenomenon is generated, and then calculation of a damage sensing mechanism in an equipment model of peripheral equipment is triggered, so that the peripheral equipment enters an accident state, and a new accident phenomenon is generated. In this process, the events (or accidents) occurring in the field and nearby equipment and people around them, which are caused by the initial events through some energy diffusion or mass diffusion action, can be called secondary events. By analogy, one event depends on one event to form a series of accident models, so that the occurrence and development processes of accident domino are completely simulated.
This is specifically described below by way of example. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a risk equipment model, taking a storage tank as an example, in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, a tank ideal model 410 and, independently thereof, a plurality of accident models are established, including: a liquid pool model 421, a conventional pool fire model 422, a torch model 423, an overpressure explosion model 424, a damaged explosion model 425, a residual liquid pool fire model 426 and the like. In conjunction with fig. 4 and the accident domino theory, the following two types of accidents may be involved in this example:
(1) risk accident
The risk accident is an accident caused by the equipment, and can also comprise the following two types of accidents:
(a) leakage at the bottom of the tank
When tank bottom leakage occurs, the leakage amount is injected into the liquid pool model 421, and the liquid pool model 421 calculates the condition that the surface area of the liquid pool is gradually enlarged according to the components and the state of the material.
After the materials in the liquid pool are combusted, the liquid pool can transmit the fuel gasification amount to the conventional pool fire model 422, and the conventional pool fire model 422 calculates the related data of the flame.
(b) Leakage at the top of the tank
When a tank top leak occurs, if the leak is combustible gas, the leak amount is injected into the torch model 423, and the relevant data is calculated by the torch model 423.
This risk incident is understood to be the initial event mentioned above.
(2) Accident of disaster site
That is, the tank has triggered a new secondary event (or incident) based on the initial event (or incident) that has been initiated, creating a disaster site that may affect the tank itself or other equipment.
(a) Explosion in a tank
When a fire disaster occurs near the storage tank, the storage tank is in a temperature field, the radiant heat can cause the evaporation capacity of a liquid phase in the tank to increase, the liquid phase transfers mass to a gas phase, the molar concentration of the gas phase increases, the temperature rises, and further the pressure of the gas phase rises. When the gas phase pressure exceeds a certain range, an explosion is formed. This explosion model uses an overpressure explosion model 424 in the tank, the input of which is a parameter of the gas fraction in the tank.
(b) Explosion of tank
After an explosion occurs in the tank, the data related to the energy field of the explosion can only be sensed by the tank, the explosion equivalent obtained by the injury sensing calculation part of the tank model triggers the damaged explosion model 425 to operate, and the explosion equivalent is used as an input, and the information of the explosion equivalent and the tank fragments is calculated by the damaged explosion model 425.
(c) Can body residue
When the storage tank explodes, the residual part of the storage tank becomes a liquid pool, and the liquid pool can be set to trigger a pool fire, so that the related data of the liquid pool is connected with the related data of another pool fire model (a residual pool fire model 426 in the figure).
Taking the example of the liquid pool initiating the pool fire, the damage sensing of the storage tank can be described as the following process:
1) the flange of the storage tank leaks, and the leaked liquid forms a cofferdam-free liquid pool.
2) As the amount of leakage increases, the pool area gradually expands. Wherein, the thickness of the liquid pool can be determined according to the physical properties of the materials in the pool, and then the area of the liquid pool is obtained.
3) If the material in the liquid pool is combustible and the temperature is above the ignition point, pool fire is formed, and the area, the flame height and the flame temperature of the pool fire are determined according to the physical properties of the pool fire.
4) And determining the distribution of the temperature field around the pool fire according to the area of the pool fire, the height of the flame of the pool fire and the temperature of the flame.
5) The distance of the different devices from the pool fire is determined. Specifically, according to the heat transfer calculation correlation formula, the calculation formula of the radiation intensity of the equipment at a certain distance from the flame of the pool fire is obtained as follows:
in the formula, AfDenotes the radiation source surface area/flame surface area, wherein the radiation source refers to the pool fire flame center; a. thexRepresents the area through which all radiation energy passes at a distance x from the radiation source; exRepresenting the intensity of radiation at a distance x from the radiation source, in W/m2(ii) a E is the radiation intensity of the flame surface, with the unit of W/m 2; epsilon is the flame radiation emissivity; delta is Stefin-Boltzmann constant, 1.380649 x 10-23J/K；TfIs the flame temperature in K.
The radiation energy Q absorbed by the radiation-absorbing device over a given surface area can be calculated using equation (1) abovex,aComprises the following steps:
Qx，a＝FExAa (2)
in the formula, AaDenotes a certain surface area of the irradiated object, in m2(ii) a F is an angular coefficient.
It can be seen from above formula (2) that for the same temperature field, each equipment can calculate different absorbed heat according to the difference of the self-received radiation area and the angle coefficient, and the different absorbed heat inevitably makes the damage that each equipment receives different again to the different damage condition of disaster field to equipment has accurately been reflected.
The five different accident states have different triggering mechanisms, and the 'tank bottom leakage' and 'tank top leakage' accidents of the storage tank are triggered by an operation accident model of an operator, while the other three accidents are triggered by the damage perception of each device to a disaster field.
Therefore, through the scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the risk equipment model established by the full-element emergency disposal simulation group model platform of the embodiment of the invention can well demonstrate the occurrence and development process of the accident domino of the storage tank, and compared with the original scheme which only simulates equipment and accidents, the scheme increases the simulation of a disaster field and perfects the simulation elements of the storage tank.
Example four
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-factor emergency disposal simulation model assembly platform according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, where the full-factor emergency disposal simulation model assembly platform further includes, on the basis of the first embodiment, the second embodiment, or the third embodiment: a graphics group module 400, configured to provide a graphics group module environment to the plurality of simulation models, so as to operate the plurality of simulation models in a full-graphic configuration manner in the graphics group module environment. For example, the graphic modeling module 400 supports the free dragging of various risk equipment models and other models through graphics, and the setting and modification of parameters of process models through the mode of mouse clicking configuration parameters.
Preferably, said operating said plurality of simulation models in a fully-graphical configuration comprises one or more of:
1) and carrying out version replacement on each simulation model. For example, the process models which are already assembled can be subjected to version replacement on any risk equipment model or other simulation models, the data compatibility is automatically checked, and the replaced new version models can be used after necessary data are supplemented.
2) And dividing data interacted among simulation models of different devices into logistics data and information flow data. For example, data needing interaction between simulation models of different devices is divided into 'logistics data' and 'information flow data', the two kinds of data are automatically identified, and the data are convenient for modeling engineers to use, wherein: the logistics data can be used for simulating the process of material transmission between two devices on an actual site, and pipelines, conveyor belts and the like are usually seen on the site; the information flow data can be used for simulating equipment such as a field DCS (distributed control System), an intelligent instrument and the like, and the control system is independent of a process system and completely matched with the actual situation of the field.
3) And performing auxiliary debugging on each simulation model. For example, to facilitate the work of a modeling engineer, the graphics module supports a variety of auxiliary debugging tools, including performing one or more of the following: specifying device operation, visual data display, error reporting output, and abnormal status capture.
The full-element emergency disposal simulation module assembly platform supports a full-graphical configuration mode in a graphical module assembly environment, and is convenient for a modeling engineer to operate.
EXAMPLE five
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-factor emergency disposal simulation model platform according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, where the full-factor emergency disposal simulation model platform further includes, on the basis of the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, or the fourth embodiment: and a section module 500, configured to call and combine, for each section, a corresponding model in the plurality of simulation models to form a section model for the simulation section.
For example, the process module is usually deployed around a relatively complex core device (tower, reactor, etc.), and the external input data of the process is obtained by calling the data source module.
Preferably, the full-factor emergency treatment simulation module platform further includes: a plant group module 600 for connecting respective section models of adjacent sections to form a plant model for simulating a plant.
For example, a plant includes section 1, section 2 … …, section n, with adjacent sections connected to form a simulation model of the plant. Data interaction modes need to be defined among the workshop section models, so that needed data can be acquired through the data interaction modes, and a data source module is specially configured in the workshop section models. In addition, multiple devices for a common section model also need to be defined and described appropriately.
More preferably, the full-element emergency treatment simulation group module platform according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include an auxiliary module for information management by a modeling engineer, information management by a project, and the like.
The full-element emergency disposal simulation module platform of the fifth embodiment of the invention expands the equipment simulation to workshop section simulation and factory simulation, thereby being capable of simulating emergency drilling processes under more scenes and being beneficial to improving the applicability of the platform.
EXAMPLE six
A sixth embodiment of the present invention is an application example, and fig. 7 is an application schematic diagram of a full-element emergency disposal simulation modeling platform according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, where the full-element emergency disposal simulation modeling platform is shown in any one of the first to fifth embodiments. Referring to fig. 7, the full-factor emergency handling simulation module platform according to the embodiment of the present invention may be used to implement full-factor simulation in the whole accident emergency process, which mainly includes the following components:
1) simulating the process flow, wherein the simulated process flow corresponds to the elements such as the pump, the material and the like in the figure 7 and comprises the following steps: the leakage accident of the outlet flange of a pump (hereinafter referred to as a pump) at the bottom of the vacuum tower occurs, the residual oil at the bottom of the vacuum tower leaks, the oil temperature reaches about 350 ℃, and the residual oil is exposed in the air and burns. Wherein, the parameters comprise the area of fire and the like.
2) In the accident simulation, it is known that the "leakage" accident is a primary event, and the "leakage" and "pool fire" accidents are secondary events affected by the domino phenomenon of the accident, corresponding to the "leakage", "liquid pool", "pool fire" and other elements in fig. 7. The application example completely simulates the accident domino phenomenon from a leakage accident to a liquid pool accident and then to a pool fire accident.
3) Injury simulation, corresponding to the injury to the pump caused by the 'pool fire' accident in fig. 7, the accident simulation and the injury simulation are combined, and the simulated accident phenomenon is as follows: the fire that occurs is not rescued and can result in a rise in the temperature of the surrounding equipment, wherein the pump rises too quickly and causes damage to the pump. It can be seen that this simulation process includes simulation of both elements of disaster (temperature field) and damage.
4) The emergency drilling simulation comprises the simulation of rescue elements, and the simulated rescue process comprises the following steps: the field fire situation is found by the personnel operating outside, the fire extinguisher is held to put out a fire, the fire is put out in time, the open fire is put out, and the equipment is not lost. Wherein, the rescue basic data who relates to include: leakage, sump area, combustion consumption, fire suppressant injection, fire suppressant consumption, fire suppressant coverage, etc.
Through the sixth embodiment, it is easy to know that the full-element emergency treatment simulation module platform constructed by the embodiment of the invention can perform simulation modeling on related behaviors in the emergency drilling process, further simulate the influence generated by the operation state of the established model, realize full-element description including process flow, accidents, injuries, rescue and the like in the emergency drilling process, change the emergency drilling process into a dynamic process, and realize the functions of emergency drilling training, emergency plan verification, accident analysis, verification and the like.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above are merely examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to the embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present invention should be included in the scope of claims of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A full-factor emergency disposal simulation model platform, comprising:
a modeling module to build a plurality of simulation models for the plant from the plant data, wherein the plurality of simulation models includes:
a risk device model, comprising:
the ideal equipment model is used for simulating the technological process, accident phenomenon and disaster field perception of equipment; and
the accident model is used for simulating an accident phenomenon caused by the ideal equipment model;
an emergency drilling model for simulating an emergency drilling process for the accident phenomenon of the equipment; and
and the simulation engine module is used for driving the plurality of simulation models to run and interact data in a virtual environment so as to realize corresponding equipment simulation.
2. The full-element emergency disposition simulation suite platform of claim 1, further comprising:
the data support module is used for providing equipment data for constructing the simulation model for the modeling module, wherein the equipment data comprises process data, accident data, disaster field data, emergency drilling data and/or environment data of equipment.
3. The full-element emergency treatment simulation package platform of claim 2, wherein the process data comprises any one or more of the following data in a plant: temperature, pressure, flow, liquid level and material information;
the accident data comprises process data corresponding to the equipment in any one or more of the following accident states: fire, explosion, leakage, plugging, lightning failure, material failure, strength failure, and structural failure;
the disaster field data comprises disaster field types, disaster-related geographic information and disaster field change conditions;
the emergency drilling data comprise rescue basic data and emergency decision data.
4. The full-element emergency disposition simulation suite platform of claim 2, wherein the data support module comprises one or more of:
the memory real-time database runs in the memory and is used for rapidly storing real-time data related to the simulation of the equipment;
a basic storage database for storing basic data of the operation of the full-element emergency treatment simulation group module platform and data needing to be stored; and
and the geographic information system GIS is used for providing relevant geographic information for disaster field calculation for the equipment.
5. The full-element emergency disposition simulation suite platform of claim 1, wherein the risk device model further comprises:
the damage perception model is used for simulating the damage condition of the current disaster field to the equipment, wherein the damage condition comprises a damage type, a damage area and a damage degree;
wherein the accident model is further used for simulating accident phenomena caused by the disaster site sensed by the damage sensing model.
6. The full-element emergency disposition simulation suite platform of claim 1, wherein the modeling module comprises:
a model development module for developing the plurality of simulation models in a device simulation modeling environment; and
and the model management module is used for performing model addition and subtraction, model modification, information maintenance, version upgrading and/or maturity management on the simulation model.
7. The full-element emergency disposition simulation suite platform of claim 1, wherein the simulation engine module is further to:
driving the modeling module to establish a corresponding accident model aiming at the new accident phenomenon caused by the accident phenomenon generated by operating the accident model; and
and establishing a data connection relation between accident models corresponding to the chain accident phenomenon.
8. The full-element emergency treatment simulation suite platform of claim 1, wherein the emergency drilling model comprises:
a rescue model constructed based on rescue basic data and used for simulating rescue conditions aiming at the accident phenomenon; and/or
A decision command model constructed based on the emergency decision data and used for simulating the decision condition aiming at the accident phenomenon;
wherein the risk equipment model is updated in response to operation of the rescue model and/or the decision-making command model.
9. The full-element emergency disposition simulation suite platform of claim 1, further comprising:
and the graph group module is used for providing a graph group module environment for the plurality of simulation models so as to operate the plurality of simulation models in a full-graphical configuration mode in the graph group module environment.
10. The full-element emergency treatment simulation suite platform of claim 9, wherein the operating the plurality of simulation models in a fully graphical configuration comprises one or more of:
carrying out version replacement on each simulation model;
dividing data interacted among simulation models of different devices into logistics data and information flow data; and
and performing auxiliary debugging on each simulation model.
11. The full-element contingency disposition simulation suite platform of claim 10, wherein said performing assisted debugging for each simulation model comprises performing one or more of: specifying device operation, visual data display, error reporting output, and abnormal status capture.
12. The full-element emergency disposition simulation suite platform of claim 1, further comprising:
and the workshop section module is used for calling and combining corresponding models in the plurality of simulation models to form workshop section models for simulating workshop sections.
13. The full-element emergency disposition simulation suite platform of claim 12, further comprising:
and the factory module assembly module is used for connecting the respective section models of the adjacent sections to form a factory model for simulating the factory.
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| CN113821988A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Emergency disposal simulation ideal equipment modeling method and device and storage medium |
| CN113821988B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2024-08-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Modeling method, device and storage medium for emergency treatment simulation ideal equipment |
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| CN113821988A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Emergency disposal simulation ideal equipment modeling method and device and storage medium |
| CN113821988B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2024-08-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Modeling method, device and storage medium for emergency treatment simulation ideal equipment |
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