CN113820713B - Imaging method, device and storage medium of emitter motion double-base arc array SAR - Google Patents
Imaging method, device and storage medium of emitter motion double-base arc array SAR Download PDFInfo
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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- G01S13/9019—Auto-focussing of the SAR signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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- G01S13/9011—SAR image acquisition techniques with frequency domain processing of the SAR signals in azimuth
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to an imaging method, an imaging device and a storage medium for a transmitter motion double-base arc array SAR, which performs a distance Fourier transform based on the assumption that echo data has undergone baseband demodulation processing to obtain distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data; generating a distance walk correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, carrying out distance walk correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data, and then carrying out distance pulse compression; and then carrying out distance-azimuth decoupling processing and distance-azimuth inverse Fourier transformation, obtaining a decoupled two-dimensional time domain signal, then carrying out azimuth Fourier transformation and azimuth matched filtering, obtaining an azimuth pulse compressed signal, and then carrying out azimuth inverse Fourier transformation, thus obtaining a final two-dimensional time domain focusing signal. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, for a dual-base arc array SAR system with a transmitter motion, omnidirectional and high-resolution imaging is obtained through oblique high-order approximation, distance walking compensation and Keystone transformation.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of radar interferometry data processing, in particular to an imaging method of a transmitter motion double-base arc array SAR, an imaging device of the transmitter motion double-base arc array SAR and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
In the prior art, a backward projection algorithm and a Keystone transformation-based distance Doppler (RD for short) imaging algorithm are proposed by a former scholars for arc array SAR imaging processing. The back projection algorithm is a time domain algorithm, no approximation processing exists in the algorithm flow, and an accurate image can be obtained, so that the requirement of higher imaging quality is met. But the operation amount is too large, and the imaging processing speed is slow. The RD algorithm based on Keystone transformation utilizes Keystone transformation to carry out distance migration correction in the imaging processing process, so that the coupling between the distance and the azimuth is eliminated, and the imaging quality requirement of the airborne high-altitude flight can be met. However, in the imaging process of the double-base arc array SAR with the moving transmitter, the Doppler frequency of the target changes along with the distance position and the azimuth position, and the obtained data has two-dimensional space-variant, so that the imaging processing difficulty is increased. On the other hand, the movement of the transmitter can cause serious distance walk, and an image with good focusing cannot be obtained by directly utilizing a Keystone transformation algorithm, so that the conventional algorithm cannot be directly applied to the double-base arc array SAR imaging of the movement of the transmitter.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure is intended to provide an imaging method of a transmitter motion double-base arc array SAR, an imaging device of the transmitter motion double-base arc array SAR, and a computer readable storage medium, and for a double-base arc array SAR system of the transmitter motion, imaging processing of the system is realized through oblique high order approximation, distance walk compensation, and Keystone transformation, so that omni-directional and high-resolution imaging can be obtained.
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an imaging method of a transmitter motion dual-based arc array SAR, including:
acquiring echo data of a motion double-base arc array SAR of a transmitter, and performing distance Fourier transform on the echo data based on the assumption that the echo data is subjected to baseband demodulation processing to obtain distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data;
generating a distance walking correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walking correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walking correction function;
performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction;
performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to distance pulse compression to obtain decoupled two-dimensional time domain signals;
Carrying out azimuth Fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal;
and carrying out azimuth inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to azimuth pulse compression to obtain final two-dimensional time domain focusing signals.
In some embodiments, generating a range walk correction function from the decomposed bistatic instantaneous slope distance, and performing range walk correction on the range frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the range walk correction function, the method comprising:
based on the assumed coordinates of any target, receiver equivalent sampling points and a transmitter, a first instantaneous skew distance from the radar transmitter to the target is obtained;
performing approximate processing on the first instantaneous pitch by adopting Taylor series expansion, and decomposing the first instantaneous pitch into two parts which are related to the speed and irrelevant to the speed;
generating a distance walking correction function according to the first instantaneous skew after the approximation;
and performing distance walk correction processing on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by adopting a distance walk correction function to obtain the echo data after the distance walk correction.
In some embodiments, the distance-wise pulse compression of the distance-frequency domain signal after the distance-walk correction processing includes:
Constructing a pulse compression function in a matched filtering mode;
and performing distance pulse compression processing on the echo signals in the distance frequency domain by adopting the obtained pulse compression function to obtain the echo signals after the distance pulse compression.
In some embodiments, performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse fourier transform on the signal after distance pulse compression to obtain a decoupled two-dimensional time domain signal, including:
performing approximate processing on the second instantaneous slope distance from the equivalent sampling point to the target by adopting Taylor series expansion to obtain an approximate processed second instantaneous slope distance;
redefining a virtual azimuth sampling variable based on the obtained second instantaneous slope distance subjected to the approximate processing by adopting a Keystone transformation method;
carrying out Keystone transformation according to the redefined virtual azimuth variable to obtain an echo signal after distance azimuth decoupling;
and performing distance inverse Fourier transform on the echo signals after distance azimuth decoupling to obtain two-dimensional time domain signals after distance azimuth decoupling.
In some embodiments, performing azimuth fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal, including:
Performing azimuth Fourier transform on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain a range Doppler domain echo signal;
constructing an azimuth matched filter function convolution kernel, wherein the convolution kernel is a phase term related to a redefined virtual azimuth variable in the two-dimensional time domain signal;
generating an azimuth matched filtering convolution kernel according to the two-dimensional time domain signal;
performing azimuth Fourier transform on the obtained convolution kernel to obtain an azimuth matched filter function by complex conjugate processing;
and carrying out azimuth matched filtering processing on the range Doppler domain echo signals based on the obtained azimuth matched filtering function to obtain azimuth pulse compressed signals.
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an imaging apparatus of a transmitter-moving double-based arc array SAR, including:
an acquisition module configured to acquire echo data of a transmitter motion bistatic arc array SAR;
the signal processing module is configured to perform distance Fourier transform on the echo data based on the assumption that the echo data has undergone baseband demodulation processing, so as to obtain distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data; generating a distance walking correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walking correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walking correction function; performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction; performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to distance pulse compression to obtain decoupled two-dimensional time domain signals; carrying out azimuth Fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal; and carrying out azimuth inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to azimuth pulse compression to obtain final two-dimensional time domain focusing signals.
In some embodiments, wherein the signal processing module is further configured to:
generating a distance walk correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walk correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walk correction function, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
based on the assumed coordinates of any target, receiver equivalent sampling points and a transmitter, a first instantaneous skew distance from the radar transmitter to the target is obtained;
performing approximate processing on the first instantaneous pitch by adopting Taylor series expansion, and decomposing the first instantaneous pitch into two parts which are related to the speed and irrelevant to the speed;
generating a distance walking correction function according to the first instantaneous skew after the approximation;
and performing distance walk correction processing on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by adopting a distance walk correction function to obtain the echo data after the distance walk correction.
In some embodiments, wherein the signal processing module is further configured to:
performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction processing, wherein the distance pulse compression comprises the following steps of:
constructing a pulse compression function in a matched filtering mode;
and performing distance pulse compression processing on the echo signals in the distance frequency domain by adopting the obtained pulse compression function to obtain the echo signals after the distance pulse compression.
In some embodiments, wherein the signal processing module is further configured to:
performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signal after distance pulse compression to obtain a decoupled two-dimensional time domain signal, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
performing approximate processing on the second instantaneous slope distance from the equivalent sampling point to the target by adopting Taylor series expansion to obtain an approximate processed second instantaneous slope distance;
redefining a virtual azimuth sampling variable based on the obtained second instantaneous slope distance subjected to the approximate processing by adopting a Keystone transformation method;
carrying out Keystone transformation according to the redefined virtual azimuth variable to obtain an echo signal after distance azimuth decoupling;
and performing distance inverse Fourier transform on the echo signals after distance azimuth decoupling to obtain two-dimensional time domain signals after distance azimuth decoupling.
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement:
the imaging method of the transmitter motion double-base arc-shaped array SAR is adopted.
The imaging method of the transmitter motion double-base arc array SAR, the imaging device of the transmitter motion double-base arc array SAR and the computer readable storage medium of various embodiments of the present disclosure acquire echo data of the transmitter motion double-base arc array SAR, and perform distance Fourier transform on the echo data based on the assumption that the echo data has undergone baseband demodulation processing to acquire distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data; generating a distance walking correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walking correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walking correction function; performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction; performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to distance pulse compression to obtain decoupled two-dimensional time domain signals; carrying out azimuth Fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal; and carrying out azimuth inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to azimuth pulse compression to obtain final two-dimensional time domain focusing signals. The system aims at realizing imaging processing of the system aiming at a double-base arc-shaped array SAR system of transmitter motion through oblique high-order approximation, distance walk compensation and Keystone transformation, and can obtain omnibearing and high-resolution imaging. Embodiments of the present disclosure first perform a high-order approximation of a dual-basis pitch by taylor series expansion, decomposing the pitch into two parts, one independent of the transmitter speed and the other related to the transmitter speed. And constructing a distance walking compensation function according to the solved oblique distance formula, correcting the distance walking caused by the transmitter in a distance frequency domain, and reducing the two-dimensional coupling of echo signals. On the basis, the Keystone transformation is utilized to eliminate the residual coupling between the distance and the azimuth angle. Finally, obtaining an image with good focusing through azimuth matched filtering.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure, as claimed.
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In the drawings, which are not necessarily to scale, like reference numerals in different views may designate like components. Like reference numerals with letter suffixes or like reference numerals with different letter suffixes may represent different instances of similar components. The accompanying drawings generally illustrate various embodiments by way of example, and not by way of limitation, and are used in conjunction with the description and claims to explain the disclosed embodiments.
Fig. 1 shows a signal processing flow diagram of one embodiment of an imaging method of a transmitter motion dual-based arc array SAR of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without the need for inventive faculty, are within the scope of the present disclosure, based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items.
In order to keep the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure clear and concise, the present disclosure omits detailed description of known functions and known components.
The arc array synthetic aperture radar (Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR) is an imaging system newly proposed in recent years, and the system is provided with an antenna array along an arc in the azimuth direction, so that the problem of single observation visual angle of the traditional linear array SAR is broken through, the rapid imaging sensing can be carried out on a 360-degree scene area around an airborne platform, the guarantee is provided for the safe flight and vertical take-off and landing of the helicopter platform, and the system has a great application prospect in the civil and military fields. The double-base arc array SAR is characterized in that a transmitter and a receiver are placed on different platforms, and compared with the single-base arc array SAR, the double-base arc array SAR has better concealment and safety, and can obtain richer target information. The dual-base arc-shaped array SAR is flexible in geometric structure due to separation of the receiving and transmitting platforms, and different imaging modes can be set for meeting different application requirements, for example, the dual-base arc-shaped array SAR with the motion of a receiver, the dual-base arc-shaped array SAR with the motion of a transmitter and the dual-base arc-shaped array SAR with the motion of receiving and transmitting. In the double-base arc array SAR system with the transmitter moving, the receiver is fixed at a certain height, when the receiver is set to be in a silent working mode, the concealment of the system can be improved, the transmitter moves in the scene in an air mode, the radiation range is enlarged, a plurality of receiving systems with lower cost can share the same transmitting system with high cost, the safety of the machine is ensured, and the system cost is reduced. Therefore, the double-base arc array SAR is applied to the fields of airborne navigation, auxiliary landing, blind landing and the like, and has a great application prospect.
In connection with the foregoing background section, the present disclosure illustratively describes, by way of example, corresponding solutions to address deficiencies in the prior art, but is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present disclosure.
As one aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an imaging method of a transmitter motion dual-based arc array SAR, including:
acquiring echo data of a motion double-base arc array SAR of a transmitter, and performing distance Fourier transform on the echo data based on the assumption that the echo data is subjected to baseband demodulation processing to obtain distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data;
generating a distance walking correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walking correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walking correction function;
performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction;
performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to distance pulse compression to obtain decoupled two-dimensional time domain signals;
carrying out azimuth Fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal;
And carrying out azimuth inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to azimuth pulse compression to obtain final two-dimensional time domain focusing signals.
In view of the foregoing, various embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to an imaging method for a transmitter motion dual-based arc array SAR. Aiming at a double-base arc-shaped array SAR system with a transmitter moving, the method realizes imaging processing of the system through oblique high-order approximation, distance walking compensation and Keystone transformation, and can obtain omnibearing and high-resolution imaging. The algorithm firstly carries out high-order approximation processing on the double-base slant range through Taylor series expansion, and decomposes the slant range into two parts, wherein one part is irrelevant to the speed of a transmitter, and the other part is relevant to the speed of the transmitter. And constructing a distance walking compensation function according to the solved oblique distance formula, correcting the distance walking caused by the movement of the transmitter in a distance frequency domain, and reducing the two-dimensional coupling of echo signals. On the basis, the Keystone transformation is utilized to eliminate the residual coupling between the distance and the azimuth angle. Finally, obtaining an image with good focusing through azimuth matched filtering.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific implementation steps may include, but are not limited to, steps S1 to S6.
Specific implementations may include:
step S1: acquiring echo data s (t r ,t a ) Assuming that the data has been subjected to baseband demodulation processing, the echo data s (t r ,t a ) Performing distance Fourier transform, namely calculating by adopting the following formula (1) to obtain distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data S s (f r ,t a )：
S s (f r ,t a )＝RFFT{s(t r ,t a )} (1)
Wherein in formula (1), RFFT {.cndot. } represents the distance to Fourier transform, t r As a distance-to-time variable, t a As azimuth time variable, f r Is distance frequency.
In some embodiments, the present disclosure may be implemented as: generating a distance walk correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walk correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walk correction function, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
based on the assumed coordinates of any target, receiver equivalent sampling points and a transmitter, a first instantaneous skew distance from the radar transmitter to the target is obtained;
performing approximate processing on the first instantaneous pitch by adopting Taylor series expansion, and decomposing the first instantaneous pitch into two parts which are related to the speed and irrelevant to the speed;
generating a distance walking correction function according to the first instantaneous skew after the approximation;
and performing distance walk correction processing on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by adopting a distance walk correction function to obtain the echo data after the distance walk correction.
Specific implementations may include:
step S2: generating a distance walk correction function from the decomposed double-base instantaneous skew, and using the function to generate the distance frequency domain echo data S s (f r ,t a ) The distance walk correction is performed as follows.
Step S21: assume that the coordinates of any target, receiver equivalent sampling point, and transmitter are (θ n ,R n ,H n )、(θ r ,R r ,H r )、(θ t ,R t ,H t ) Then the instantaneous pitch D of the radar transmitter to the target t Can be expressed as:
where v is the speed of transmitter movement, t a Is the azimuth time variable.
Step S22: the Taylor series expansion is adopted for the instantaneous slant distance D t Performing approximation processing, and decomposing into two parts which are related to the speed and unrelated to the speed:
D t ≈κ 0 +κ 1 (vt a )+κ 2 (vt a ) 2 +κ 3 (vt a ) 3 +κ 4 (vt a ) 4 (3) Wherein k is 0 、k 1 、k 2 、k 3 And k 4 For the normal coefficients after the solution, the calculation formula of each coefficient is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,R t 、R n the ground distances between the transmitter and the target and the origin of coordinates are respectively H t For the level of the transmitter, θ t And theta n The azimuth angles of the transmitter and the target, respectively.
Step S23: according to the instantaneous skew obtained in the step S22, a distance walk correction function is generated, and the specific formula is as follows:
step S24: performing distance walk correction processing on the echo data of the distance frequency domain by adopting the distance walk correction function generated in the step S23 to obtain echo data S after the distance walk correction s1 (f r ,t a ) The specific operation is shown in the formula (10):
S s1 (f r ,t a )＝S s (f r ,t a )·h c (f r ,t a ) (10)
in the formula (10), S s (f r ,t a ) Is echo data of a distance frequency domain, h c (f r ,t a ) The function is corrected for distance walks.
In some embodiments, the present disclosure may be implemented as: performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction processing, wherein the distance pulse compression comprises the following steps of:
constructing a pulse compression function in a matched filtering mode;
and performing distance pulse compression processing on the echo signals in the distance frequency domain by adopting the obtained pulse compression function to obtain the echo signals after the distance pulse compression.
Specific implementations may include:
step S3: for the distance frequency domain signal S after the distance walk correction processing s1 (f r ,t a ) The distance pulse compression is performed as follows.
Step S31: constructing pulse compression function H by adopting matched filtering mode r (f r ) The method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
wherein K is r For distance direction frequency adjustment, T r To transmit the signal pulse width, f r Is distance frequency.
Step S32: the pulse compression function H obtained in the step S31 is adopted r (f r ) Performing distance pulse compression processing on the echo signals in the distance frequency domain to obtain echo signals S after the distance pulse compression sf_c (f r ,t a )：
S sf_c (f r ,t a )＝S s1 (f r ,t a )·H r (f r ) (12)
In the formula (12), S s1 (f r ,t a ) For distance frequency domain signals after distance walk correction, H r (f r ) Is a distance-wise pulse compression function.
In some embodiments, the present disclosure may be implemented as: performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signal after distance pulse compression to obtain a decoupled two-dimensional time domain signal, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
performing approximate processing on the second instantaneous slope distance from the equivalent sampling point to the target by adopting Taylor series expansion to obtain an approximate processed second instantaneous slope distance;
redefining a virtual azimuth sampling variable based on the obtained second instantaneous slope distance subjected to the approximate processing by adopting a Keystone transformation method;
carrying out Keystone transformation according to the redefined virtual azimuth variable to obtain an echo signal after distance azimuth decoupling;
and performing distance inverse Fourier transform on the echo signals after distance azimuth decoupling to obtain two-dimensional time domain signals after distance azimuth decoupling.
Specific implementations may include:
step S4: step S4, performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transformation on the signals subjected to distance pulse compression to obtain decoupled two-dimensional time domain signals, wherein the specific processing procedure is as follows:
step S41: instantaneous skew D from equivalent sampling point to target by Taylor series expansion r Performing approximation processing to obtain an approximated instantaneous skew distance D r As shown in equation (13):
wherein H is r Is equivalent to the horizontal height of the sampling point, R r Radius of arc array antenna, theta r Azimuth angle beta as equivalent sampling point r Is a ground corner, and meets
Step S41: instantaneous skew distance D obtained based on the above by adopting Keystone transformation method r Redefining a virtual azimuth sampling variableWherein->And azimuth sampling variable theta r The relationship is shown in formula (14):
wherein f c For carrier frequency, f r For distance frequency, θ n For the azimuth angle of the target, the azimuth sampling variable θ r The relationship with the azimuthal time variable is shown in equation (15):
θ r ＝ω a t a (15)
wherein omega is a Switching speed for receiver arc array antenna elements.
Step S42: according to the direction variable redefined in step S41Keystone transformation is carried out by adopting a formula (16) to obtain echo signals +.>
Wherein S is sf_c (f r ,θ r ) The I is a distance frequency domain signal after distance pulse compression, theta n Is the target azimuth angle.
Step S43: performing distance inverse Fourier transform on the distance frequency domain signal after Keystone transformation to obtain a two-dimensional time domain signal after distance azimuth decoupling The specific calculation formula is shown as formula (17):
wherein RIFFT {.cndot. } represents the distance-wise inverse FourierThe transformation of the leaves is performed and,is a distance frequency domain signal after Keystone conversion, t r As a distance-to-time variable, f r Is distance to frequency.
In some embodiments, the present disclosure may be implemented as: performing azimuth Fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
performing azimuth Fourier transform on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain a range Doppler domain echo signal;
constructing an azimuth matched filter function convolution kernel, wherein the convolution kernel is a phase term related to a redefined virtual azimuth variable in the two-dimensional time domain signal;
generating an azimuth matched filtering convolution kernel according to the two-dimensional time domain signal;
performing azimuth Fourier transform on the obtained convolution kernel to obtain an azimuth matched filter function by complex conjugate processing;
and carrying out azimuth matched filtering processing on the range Doppler domain echo signals based on the obtained azimuth matched filtering function to obtain azimuth pulse compressed signals.
Specific implementations may include:
step S5: for the obtained two-dimensional time domain signalCarrying out azimuth Fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering to obtain signals after azimuth pulse compression, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
Step S51: for the two-dimensional time domain signal obtained in step S43Performing azimuth Fourier transform to obtain distance Doppler domain echo signal +.>The specific calculation is shown in the formula (18):
where AFFT {.cndot } is the azimuthal Fourier transform,the two-dimensional time domain signal obtained by the formula (17).
Step S52: constructing a convolution kernel of an azimuth matched filter function asConvolution kernel is two-dimensional time domain signalMiddle and->A related phase term;
step S53: generating an azimuthal matched filter convolution kernel from a two-dimensional time domain signal of equation (17)The specific expression is shown in formula (19):
in the above, f c As a function of the carrier frequency,the variables are virtually sampled for the orientation redefined in step S41.
Step S54: performing azimuth Fourier transform on the obtained convolution kernel to obtain an azimuth matched filter function by complex conjugate processingConcrete meterThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the above formula, AFFT {.cndot. } is the azimuthal Fourier transform, {.cndot. }, and * is a complex conjugate operation.
Step S55: range-doppler signal based on the azimuth pulse compression function obtained aboveCarrying out azimuth matched filtering processing, wherein the specific calculation process is shown in a formula (21), and obtaining signals after azimuth pulse compression
Step S6 may be implemented as: for the obtained range-Doppler signal Performing azimuth inverse Fourier transform to obtain final two-dimensional time domain focusing signal +.>The specific calculation process is shown as follows:
as one aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an imaging apparatus of a transmitter motion dual-based arc array SAR, comprising:
an acquisition module configured to acquire echo data of a transmitter motion bistatic arc array SAR;
the signal processing module is configured to perform distance Fourier transform on the echo data based on the assumption that the echo data has undergone baseband demodulation processing, so as to obtain distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data; generating a distance walking correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walking correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walking correction function; performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction; performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to distance pulse compression to obtain decoupled two-dimensional time domain signals; carrying out azimuth Fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal; and carrying out azimuth inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to azimuth pulse compression to obtain final two-dimensional time domain focusing signals.
As an embodiment, the signal processing module of the apparatus of the present disclosure may be further configured, in combination with the description of the foregoing step S2:
generating a distance walk correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walk correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walk correction function, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
based on the assumed coordinates of any target, receiver equivalent sampling points and a transmitter, a first instantaneous skew distance from the radar transmitter to the target is obtained;
performing approximate processing on the first instantaneous pitch by adopting Taylor series expansion, and decomposing the first instantaneous pitch into two parts which are related to the speed and irrelevant to the speed;
generating a distance walking correction function according to the first instantaneous skew after the approximation;
and performing distance walk correction processing on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by adopting a distance walk correction function to obtain the echo data after the distance walk correction.
As an embodiment, the signal processing module of the apparatus of the present disclosure may be further configured, in combination with the description of the foregoing step S3:
performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction processing, wherein the distance pulse compression comprises the following steps of:
constructing a pulse compression function in a matched filtering mode;
And performing distance pulse compression processing on the echo signals in the distance frequency domain by adopting the obtained pulse compression function to obtain the echo signals after the distance pulse compression.
As an embodiment, the signal processing module of the apparatus of the present disclosure may be further configured, in combination with the description of the foregoing step S4:
performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signal after distance pulse compression to obtain a decoupled two-dimensional time domain signal, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
performing approximate processing on the second instantaneous slope distance from the equivalent sampling point to the target by adopting Taylor series expansion to obtain an approximate processed second instantaneous slope distance;
redefining a virtual azimuth sampling variable based on the obtained second instantaneous slope distance subjected to the approximate processing by adopting a Keystone transformation method;
carrying out Keystone transformation according to the redefined virtual azimuth variable to obtain an echo signal after distance azimuth decoupling;
and performing distance inverse Fourier transform on the echo signals after distance azimuth decoupling to obtain two-dimensional time domain signals after distance azimuth decoupling.
As an embodiment, the signal processing module of the apparatus of the present disclosure may be further configured, in combination with the description of the foregoing step S5:
Performing azimuth Fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
performing azimuth Fourier transform on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain a range Doppler domain echo signal;
constructing an azimuth matched filter function convolution kernel, wherein the convolution kernel is a phase term related to a redefined virtual azimuth variable in the two-dimensional time domain signal;
generating an azimuth matched filtering convolution kernel according to the two-dimensional time domain signal;
performing azimuth Fourier transform on the obtained convolution kernel to obtain an azimuth matched filter function by complex conjugate processing;
and carrying out azimuth matched filtering processing on the range Doppler domain echo signals based on the obtained azimuth matched filtering function to obtain azimuth pulse compressed signals.
Specifically, one of the inventive concepts of the present disclosure is directed to acquiring echo data of a transmitter motion double-base arc array SAR, performing a range-wise fourier transform on the echo data based on an assumption that the echo data has undergone baseband demodulation processing, and obtaining range-frequency-domain azimuth time-domain echo data; generating a distance walking correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walking correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walking correction function; performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction; performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to distance pulse compression to obtain decoupled two-dimensional time domain signals; carrying out azimuth Fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal; and carrying out azimuth inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to azimuth pulse compression to obtain final two-dimensional time domain focusing signals. The system aims at realizing imaging processing of the system aiming at a double-base arc-shaped array SAR system of transmitter motion through oblique high-order approximation, distance walk compensation and Keystone transformation, and can obtain omnibearing and high-resolution imaging. Embodiments of the present disclosure first perform a high-order approximation of a dual-basis pitch by taylor series expansion, decomposing the pitch into two parts, one independent of the transmitter speed and the other related to the transmitter speed. And constructing a distance walking compensation function according to the solved oblique distance formula, correcting the distance walking caused by the movement of the transmitter in a distance frequency domain, and reducing the two-dimensional coupling of echo signals. On the basis, the Keystone transformation is utilized to eliminate the residual coupling between the distance and the azimuth angle. Finally, obtaining an image with good focusing through azimuth matched filtering. In various application scenes, the embodiment of the disclosure can realize the omnibearing and high-resolution observation imaging of the double-base arc-shaped array SAR when the transmitter moves, not only realize the imaging characteristics of good concealment, high safety, rich target information and the like of the double-base arc-shaped array SAR, but also can carry out imaging processing on a large scene around a platform when the transmitter moves, improve the utilization rate of a system, and the imaging method of the transmitter moving double-base arc-shaped array SAR, the imaging device of the transmitter moving double-base arc-shaped array SAR and a computer readable storage medium can be applied to the fields of helicopter safe flight, ground investigation, emergency forced landing and the like.
The present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, principally implement an imaging method for a moving bistatic arced array SAR according to the above-described transmitter, comprising:
acquiring echo data of a motion double-base arc array SAR of a transmitter, and performing distance Fourier transform on the echo data based on the assumption that the echo data is subjected to baseband demodulation processing to obtain distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data;
generating a distance walking correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walking correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walking correction function;
performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction;
performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to distance pulse compression to obtain decoupled two-dimensional time domain signals;
carrying out azimuth Fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal;
and carrying out azimuth inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to azimuth pulse compression to obtain final two-dimensional time domain focusing signals.
In some embodiments, the executing computer-executable instructions processor can be a processing device including more than one general purpose processing device, such as a microprocessor, central Processing Unit (CPU), graphics Processing Unit (GPU), or the like. More specifically, the processor may be a Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) microprocessor, a Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) microprocessor, a Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) microprocessor, a processor running other instruction sets, or a processor running a combination of instruction sets. The processor may also be one or more special purpose processing devices such as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a system on a chip (SoC), or the like.
In some embodiments, the computer readable storage medium may be memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), phase-change random-access memory (PRAM), static random-access memory (SRAM), dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), other types of random-access memory (RAM), flash memory disk or other forms of flash memory, cache, registers, static memory, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes or other magnetic storage devices, or any other possible non-transitory medium which can be used to store information or instructions that can be accessed by a computer device, and the like.
In some embodiments, the computer executable instructions may be implemented as a plurality of program modules that collectively implement the method for signal processing of medical images according to any of the present disclosure.
The present disclosure describes various operations or functions that may be implemented or defined as software code or instructions. The display unit may be implemented as software code or instruction modules stored on a memory that when executed by a processor may implement the corresponding steps and methods.
Such content may be source code or differential code ("delta" or "patch" code) that is executed directly ("object" or "executable" form). The software implementations of the embodiments described herein may be provided by an article of manufacture having code or instructions stored thereon or by a method of operating a communication interface to transmit data over the communication interface. The machine or computer-readable storage medium may cause a machine to perform the described functions or operations and includes any mechanism for storing information in a form accessible by the machine (e.g., computing display device, electronic system, etc.), such as recordable/non-recordable media (e.g., read Only Memory (ROM), random Access Memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory display device, etc.). The communication interface includes any mechanism for interfacing with any of a hard-wired, wireless, optical, etc. media to communicate with other display devices, such as a memory bus interface, a processor bus interface, an internet connection, a disk controller, etc. The communication interface may be configured by providing configuration parameters and/or sending signals to prepare the communication interface to provide data signals describing the software content. The communication interface may be accessed by sending one or more commands or signals to the communication interface.
The computer-executable instructions of embodiments of the present disclosure may be organized into one or more computer-executable components or modules. Aspects of the disclosure may be implemented with any number and combination of such components or modules. For example, aspects of the present disclosure are not limited to the specific computer-executable instructions or the specific components or modules illustrated in the figures and described herein. Other embodiments may include different computer-executable instructions or components having more or less functionality than illustrated and described herein.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. For example, the above-described examples (or one or more aspects thereof) may be used in combination with each other. For example, other embodiments may be used by those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the above description. In addition, in the above detailed description, various features may be grouped together to streamline the disclosure. This is not to be interpreted as an intention that the disclosed features not being claimed are essential to any claim. Rather, the disclosed subject matter may include less than all of the features of a particular disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description as examples or embodiments, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment, and it is contemplated that these embodiments may be combined with one another in various combinations or permutations. The scope of the disclosure should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which are not intended to limit the present disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalent arrangements of parts may be made by those skilled in the art, which modifications and equivalents are intended to be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. An imaging method of a transmitter motion double-base arc array SAR, comprising:
acquiring echo data of a motion double-base arc array SAR of a transmitter, and performing distance Fourier transform on the echo data based on the assumption that the echo data is subjected to baseband demodulation processing to obtain distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data;
generating a distance walking correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walking correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walking correction function;
performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction;
performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to distance pulse compression to obtain decoupled two-dimensional time domain signals;
carrying out azimuth Fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal;
Performing azimuth inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to azimuth pulse compression to obtain final two-dimensional time domain focusing signals;
generating a distance walk correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and performing distance walk correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walk correction function, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
the first instantaneous skew of the radar transmitter to the target is approximated using a taylor series expansion and decomposed into two parts, speed dependent and speed independent:
κ 0 and kappa (kappa) 1 (vt a )+κ 2 (vt a ) 2 +κ 3 (vt a ) 3 +κ 4 (vt a ) 4 ，k 0 、k 1 、k 2 、k 3 And k 4 Is a constant coefficient based on any target, equivalent sampling points of a receiver and coordinate solution of a transmitter;
generating a distance walk correction function according to the approximated first instantaneous skew:
f c for carrier frequency, f r Is distance frequency t a Is the azimuth time variable.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a range walk correction function from the decomposed bistatic instantaneous slope distance, the range walk correction function being used to range walk correct range frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data, further comprising:
based on the assumed arbitrary target, the receiver equivalent sampling point and the coordinates of the transmitter, a first instantaneous skew is obtained;
And performing distance walk correction processing on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by adopting a distance walk correction function to obtain echo data after the distance walk correction.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein performing range-wise pulse compression on the range-frequency domain signal after the range-walk correction processing comprises:
constructing a pulse compression function in a matched filtering mode;
and performing distance pulse compression processing on the echo signals in the distance frequency domain by adopting the obtained pulse compression function to obtain the echo signals after the distance pulse compression.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein performing a range-azimuth decoupling process and a range-inverse fourier transform on the range-pulse compressed signal to obtain a decoupled two-dimensional time-domain signal comprises:
performing approximate processing on the second instantaneous slope distance from the equivalent sampling point to the target by adopting Taylor series expansion to obtain an approximate processed second instantaneous slope distance;
redefining a virtual azimuth sampling variable based on the obtained second instantaneous slope distance subjected to the approximate processing by adopting a Keystone transformation method;
carrying out Keystone transformation according to the redefined virtual azimuth variable to obtain an echo signal after distance azimuth decoupling;
And performing distance inverse Fourier transform on the echo signals after distance azimuth decoupling to obtain two-dimensional time domain signals after distance azimuth decoupling.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein performing azimuth fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal comprises:
performing azimuth Fourier transform on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain a range Doppler domain echo signal;
constructing an azimuth matched filter function convolution kernel, wherein the convolution kernel is a phase term related to a redefined virtual azimuth variable in the two-dimensional time domain signal;
generating an azimuth matched filtering convolution kernel according to the two-dimensional time domain signal;
performing azimuth Fourier transform on the obtained convolution kernel to obtain an azimuth matched filter function by complex conjugate processing;
and carrying out azimuth matched filtering processing on the range Doppler domain echo signals based on the obtained azimuth matched filtering function to obtain azimuth pulse compressed signals.
6. An imaging device of a transmitter motion double-base arc array SAR, comprising:
an acquisition module configured to acquire echo data of a transmitter motion bistatic arc array SAR;
the signal processing module is configured to perform distance Fourier transform on the echo data based on the assumption that the echo data has undergone baseband demodulation processing, so as to obtain distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data; generating a distance walking correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walking correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walking correction function; performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction; performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to distance pulse compression to obtain decoupled two-dimensional time domain signals; carrying out azimuth Fourier transform and azimuth matched filtering on the two-dimensional time domain signal to obtain an azimuth pulse compressed signal; performing azimuth inverse Fourier transform on the signals subjected to azimuth pulse compression to obtain final two-dimensional time domain focusing signals;
Generating a distance walk correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and performing distance walk correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walk correction function, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
the first instantaneous skew of the radar transmitter to the target is approximated using a taylor series expansion and decomposed into two parts, speed dependent and speed independent:
κ 0 and kappa (kappa) 1 (vt a )+κ 2 (vt a ) 2 +κ 3 (vt a ) 3 +κ 4 (vt a ) 4 ，k 0 、k 1 、k 2 、k 3 And k 4 Is a constant coefficient based on any target, equivalent sampling points of a receiver and coordinate solution of a transmitter;
generating a distance walk correction function according to the approximated first instantaneous skew:
f c for carrier frequency, f r Is distance frequency t a Is the azimuth time variable.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the signal processing module is further configured to:
generating a distance walk correction function through the decomposed double-base instantaneous oblique distance, and carrying out distance walk correction on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by using the distance walk correction function, and further comprising:
based on the assumed arbitrary target, the receiver equivalent sampling point and the coordinates of the transmitter, a first instantaneous skew is obtained;
and performing distance walk correction processing on the distance frequency domain azimuth time domain echo data by adopting a distance walk correction function to obtain the echo data after the distance walk correction.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the signal processing module is further configured to:
performing distance pulse compression on the distance frequency domain signal subjected to distance walk correction processing, wherein the distance pulse compression comprises the following steps of:
constructing a pulse compression function in a matched filtering mode;
and performing distance pulse compression processing on the echo signals in the distance frequency domain by adopting the obtained pulse compression function to obtain the echo signals after the distance pulse compression.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the signal processing module is further configured to:
performing distance azimuth decoupling processing and distance inverse Fourier transform on the signal after distance pulse compression to obtain a decoupled two-dimensional time domain signal, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
performing approximate processing on the second instantaneous slope distance from the equivalent sampling point to the target by adopting Taylor series expansion to obtain an approximate processed second instantaneous slope distance;
redefining a virtual azimuth sampling variable based on the obtained second instantaneous slope distance subjected to the approximate processing by adopting a Keystone transformation method;
carrying out Keystone transformation according to the redefined virtual azimuth variable to obtain an echo signal after distance azimuth decoupling;
And performing distance inverse Fourier transform on the echo signals after distance azimuth decoupling to obtain two-dimensional time domain signals after distance azimuth decoupling.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement:
a method of imaging a transmitter moving double-based arc array SAR according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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