CN113820255A - Method and device for measuring and calculating three-dimensional particle size of pebble - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring and calculating three-dimensional particle size of pebble Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of pebbles, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an image of a pebble; processing the image of the pebbles to generate an orthoscopic image and elevation information of the pebbles; generating a boundary image of the pebbles according to the orthoscopic image and the elevation information; and measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of the generated pebbles from the boundary image. The technical problems that the three-dimensional particle size of the existing pebbles can be obtained only by manually measuring the dimensions of three shafts, the task is heavy, and the measurement efficiency is low are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of image processing, in particular to a method and a device for measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of pebbles.
Background
The quantification and the explanation of the sizes and the morphological characteristics of river and coastal sediments are important contents for the analysis of sedimentary dynamic conditions and the reconstruction of ancient geographic environments. The morphology and size of the deposited particles carry rich and important historical information, and thus have been long valued by depositioners and are always the key field of sedimentology research. In addition, for coarse particle sediment, the shape and size of pebble particles are critical to the topographic evolution and sediment characteristic research of pebble beaches. The shape (grain shape) and size (grain diameter) of the pebbles are currently described and drawn by taking the three-axis dimension as a characteristic parameter, which cannot be measured independently.
It should be noted that the three-dimensional particle size of the existing pebbles can be obtained only by manually measuring the dimensions of three axes, which is burdensome and inefficient in measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of pebbles, which are used for solving the technical problems that the three-dimensional particle size of the existing pebbles can be obtained only by manually measuring the three-axis size, the task is heavy, and the measuring efficiency is low.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring and calculating a three-dimensional particle size of an egg stone, the method comprising: acquiring an image of a pebble; processing the image of the pebbles to generate an orthoscopic image and elevation information of the pebbles; generating a boundary image of the pebbles according to the orthoscopic image and the elevation information; and measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of the generated pebbles from the boundary image.
Further, the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is the major axis size, the middle axis size and the minor axis size of the pebbles, wherein the measuring and calculating the major axis size of the generated pebbles from the boundary image comprises: determining two points with the longest distance on the boundary of the pebble from the boundary image; and calculating the size of the long axis of the generated pebble according to the two points with the longest distance on the boundary of the pebble.
Further, the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is the major axis size, the middle axis size and the minor axis size of the pebbles, wherein the measuring and calculating the middle axis size of the generated pebbles from the boundary image comprises: determining normal phase vectors of the long axis of the pebbles as direction vectors of the central axis of the pebbles; determining the maximum projection and the minimum projection of the pebble in the boundary image according to the direction of the direction vector; and calculating the central axis size of the pebble according to the maximum projection and the minimum projection.
Further, the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is the major axis size, the middle axis size and the minor axis size of the pebbles, wherein the measuring and calculating the minor axis size of the generated pebbles from the boundary image comprises: acquiring the maximum elevation of the pebbles and the elevation of the bottom of the pebbles from the boundary image; the minor axis dimension of the pebbles is generated from the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebbles.
Further, the pebbles are laid on a flat background plate, the boundary image includes the background plate, wherein the obtaining of the minor axis size of the pebbles according to the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebbles includes: performing expansion operation on the boundary image, and determining a plurality of boundary points on a background plate far away from the boundary of the pebble; generating the elevation of the bottom of the pebble according to the elevations of the plurality of boundary points on the background plate; and generating the minor axis size of the pebble according to the difference between the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble.
Further, the boundary image comprises a plurality of pebbles, each pebble is marked with a serial number, wherein after the three-dimensional particle size of the pebble is measured and calculated from the boundary image, the method further comprises the following steps: establishing an incidence relation between the serial number of the pebbles and the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles; and displaying the serial number of each pebble and the three-dimensional particle diameter related to the serial number of each pebble according to the correlation relationship.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for measuring and calculating a three-dimensional particle size of an egg stone, the device comprising: the acquisition unit is used for acquiring an image of the pebble; the first generation unit is used for processing the image of the pebble to generate an orthoimage and elevation information of the pebble; the second generation unit is used for generating a boundary image of the pebble according to the orthoscopic image and the elevation information; and the measuring and calculating unit is used for measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of the generated pebbles from the boundary image.
Further, the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is the major axis size, the middle axis size and the minor axis size of the pebbles, wherein the measuring and calculating unit comprises: the first determining module is used for determining two points with the longest distance on the boundary of the pebble from the boundary image; and the first calculating module is used for calculating the size of the long axis of the generated pebble according to the two points with the longest distance on the boundary of the pebble.
Further, the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is the major axis size, the middle axis size and the minor axis size of the pebbles, wherein the measuring and calculating unit comprises: the second determining module is used for determining a normal vector of a long axis of the pebble as a direction vector of a central axis of the pebble; the third determining module is used for determining the maximum projection and the minimum projection of the pebble in the boundary image according to the direction of the direction vector; and the second calculation module is used for calculating the central axis size of the pebble according to the maximum projection and the minimum projection.
Further, the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is the major axis size, the middle axis size and the minor axis size of the pebbles, wherein the measuring and calculating unit comprises: the acquisition module is used for acquiring the maximum elevation of the pebble and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble from the boundary image; and the generating module is used for generating the minor axis size of the pebble according to the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble.
The invention provides a method and a device for measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of pebbles, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an image of a pebble; processing the image of the pebbles to generate an orthoscopic image and elevation information of the pebbles; generating a boundary image of the pebbles according to the orthoscopic image and the elevation information; and measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of the generated pebbles from the boundary image. The technical problems that the three-dimensional particle size of the existing pebbles can be obtained only by manually measuring the dimensions of three shafts, the task is heavy, and the measurement efficiency is low are solved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for measuring and calculating a three-dimensional particle size of pebbles according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a boundary image of a pebble according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram showing a mean absolute error distribution of a pebble model according to a first embodiment of the invention; and
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a device for measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of pebbles according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above and other features and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the specific details need not be employed to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known steps or operations are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the invention.
Example one
The invention provides a method for measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of an egg stone, which comprises the following steps of:
in step S11, an image of the pebble is acquired.
Specifically, the pebbles can be pebbles collected on rivers and coasts, an execution main body of the method can be a processor of an upper computer, the scheme can adopt an unmanned aerial vehicle to fly above a pebble area and then collect a plurality of images, then the images of the pebbles are sent to the upper computer, and the images of the pebbles are further processed by the processor of the upper computer.
It should be noted that the flight environment of the above-mentioned unmanned aerial vehicle may be a clear day or a cloudy day, the wind speed is less than 4m/s, the flight parameters of the above-mentioned unmanned aerial vehicle may be a course overlap rate of 80%, a side overlap rate of 70% (having an RTK horizontal positioning nominal accuracy of 1cm +1ppm, a vertical positioning nominal accuracy of 1.5cm +1ppm, and a plane map horizontal absolute nominal accuracy of 5cm), and under the above-mentioned flight environment and flight parameters, the photos taken by the unmanned aerial vehicle are relatively clear.
In step S13, the image of the pebble is processed to generate an orthoimage and elevation information of the pebble.
Specifically, in the present solution, aerial image processing software such as ContextCapture or Pix4D, and a thunberg wisdom diagram may be used to process images of pebbles to generate an orthoimage and elevation information of the pebbles, where it is to be noted that the present solution may divide a plurality of pebbles into three particle models, i.e., large, medium, and small, according to an average particle size, arrange a large number of pebbles in order on an approximately horizontal and flat marble slab (or wood slab) by using a simplified measurement background, and shoot at different flight heights by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, where the different heights may be 1m, 2m, 4m, 6m, 8m, and 10m, respectively. It should be noted that, a leveling instrument and an adjusting support column may be disposed on the marble slab (or the wood slab), and the pebbles are kept in a horizontal posture when being photographed by the leveling instrument and the adjusting support column.
It should be noted that, in the present disclosure, the coordinates of the ortho image may correspond to real world coordinates, and the particle size measured on the ortho image is the real size of the pebble particle.
Optionally, according to the scheme, a batch processing flow can be constructed through functional modules in ContextCapture aerial survey image processing software, which are used for aligning pictures, establishing point dense clouds, generating grids and generating textures, and then pictures shot by an unmanned aerial vehicle are processed by using the batch processing flow, so that the ortho-images and elevation information corresponding to set rivers and coastal pebble beaches are obtained.
In step S15, a boundary image of the pebble is generated from the ortho-image and the elevation information.
Specifically, in the present scheme, the MATLAB program may be used to perform smoothing filtering and edge detection on the ortho-image and the elevation information, and then obtain a pebble boundary image. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the number of pebbles may be multiple, and the boundary image of the pebble may include a boundary formed by multiple pebbles, and the boundary image of the pebble is shown in fig. 2.
In step S17, the three-dimensional particle size of the generated pebbles is measured from the boundary image.
Specifically, after the boundary image is obtained, measurement and calculation can be performed from the boundary image, then the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is generated, the measurement and calculation result of the three-dimensional particle size can be used for researching the dynamic landform of the coarse particle beach, for example, the particle motion characteristics of the pebbles under different time scales and different hydrodynamic conditions such as the long period, the medium period of the big tide and the small tide, the short period before and after typhoon and the like in the last year can be sequentially analyzed through the motion characteristics, and reliable data analysis is provided for researching the landform evolution of the pebbles and the coastal deposition characteristics.
Through the steps, the pebble is not required to be measured manually, the orthographic image and the elevation information of the pebble are obtained through photography based on the aerial survey unmanned aerial vehicle, the boundary of the pebble is automatically identified, and the three-dimensional particle size of the pebble is calculated.
Optionally, the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is a major axis size, a central axis size, and a minor axis size of the pebbles, wherein the measuring and calculating the major axis size of the generated pebbles from the boundary image includes:
in step S171, two points having the longest distance on the boundary of the pebble are determined from the boundary image.
In step S172, the major axis size of the generated pebble is calculated from the two points having the longest distance on the boundary of the pebble.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, two points with a long distance on each pebble boundary may be searched one by one in the boundary diagram of the pebbles in fig. 2, and then the long axis size may be generated according to the distance between the two points.
Optionally, the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is a major axis size, a medial axis size, and a minor axis size of the pebbles, wherein the measuring and calculating the medial axis size of the generated pebbles from the boundary image includes:
in step S173, the normal vector of the major axis of the pebble is determined as the direction vector of the central axis of the pebble.
In step S174, the maximum projection and the minimum projection of the pebble are determined in the boundary image according to the direction of the direction vector.
And step S175, calculating the central axis size of the pebble according to the maximum projection and the minimum projection.
Specifically, in the present scheme, a normal vector of the long axis (a vector in the direction of the central axis) may be calculated, and then a projection of a boundary point of a pebble (pebble) in the direction may be calculated, where a difference between the maximum projection and the minimum projection is the length of the central axis.
Optionally, the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is a major axis size, a central axis size, and a minor axis size of the pebbles, wherein the measuring and calculating the minor axis size of the generated pebbles from the boundary image includes:
in step S176, the maximum elevation of the pebble and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble are acquired from the boundary image.
And step S177, generating the minor axis size of the pebble according to the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble.
Specifically, in the scheme, the maximum elevation in the pebble boundary and the elevation at the bottom of the pebble can be searched in the boundary image, so that the length of the short axis can be obtained.
Optionally, the multiple pebbles are arranged on a flat background plate, and the boundary image includes an image of the background plate, wherein the step S177 obtaining the minor axis size of the pebble according to the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble may include:
in step S1771, the boundary image is expanded to determine a plurality of boundary points on the background plate away from the boundary of the pebble.
In step S1772, the elevation of the bottom of the pebble is generated from the elevations of the plurality of boundary points on the background plate.
And step 1773, generating the minor axis size of the pebble according to the difference between the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble.
Specifically, in this scheme, lay a plurality of cobbles on a smooth background board, then unmanned aerial vehicle carries out the collection of image to a plurality of cobbles, then the host computer obtains above-mentioned image and carries out analysis processes, and the image that unmanned aerial vehicle gathered both included the image of cobble and also included the image of background board, and it is to explain that, the function of above-mentioned background board is for the cobble provides smooth background, is not limited to smooth marble slab, plank and cement board etc.. In the scheme, the boundary of the pebble can be subjected to image processing expansion (2-5 pixels are enough) to obtain a circle of boundary points far away from the boundary of the pebble, wherein the circle of boundary points (a plurality of boundary points) far away from the boundary of the pebble is a plurality of points on the background plate, then the elevation of the bottom of the pebble is obtained by averaging the elevations of the plurality of points on the background plate, and then the minor axis size of the pebble is generated according to the difference between the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble. It should be further noted that, in the present solution, a corresponding elevation value in a pebble boundary image may be searched, where the maximum is the maximum elevation, and since only the upper half of a pebble can be seen from the unmanned aerial vehicle, the true bottommost elevation value of the pebble can only be calculated by a boundary point near the pebble (i.e., the circle of boundary points far away from the pebble boundary), in the present solution, a plurality of pebbles are required to be laid on a flat background plate, and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble can be obtained by averaging and calculating by leveling a plurality of points on the background plate. That is to say, in this scheme, the bottom elevation of cobble can be calculated through this scheme to the background board is level and smooth, and then calculates the size of minor axis.
Optionally, the boundary image includes a plurality of pebbles, each pebble is marked with a serial number, and after the three-dimensional particle size of the pebble is measured and calculated from the boundary image, the method further includes:
step S18, a correlation between the number of pebbles and the three-dimensional particle diameter of the pebbles is created.
Step S19, the number of each pebble and the three-dimensional particle diameter associated with the number of each pebble are displayed according to the association relationship.
Specifically, in the scheme, after the boundary picture is generated, the serial numbers of the pebbles can be automatically numbered, after the measured pebbles are in the three-dimensional particle size, the incidence relation between the serial numbers of the pebbles and the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles can be established, then the detected pebble serial numbers and the three-axis information are displayed and derived, and a user can visually see the three-dimensional particle size information of the pebbles in different serial numbers.
In order to verify the effect of the scheme, the three-axis size table of the pebble model of different sizes of pebbles (large, medium and small) measured by manual time is collected in the application, and the three-axis size table is shown in the following tables 1, 2 and 3:
TABLE 1 three-axis artificial measurement results (unit: mm) of large particle model
| Serial number | a | b | c | Serial number | a | | c | |
| 1 | 171.5 | 111 | 68.5 | 9 | 156 | 145.5 | 111 | |
| 2 | 200 | 92 | 86.5 | 10 | 139 | 107.5 | 42 | |
| 3 | 161.5 | 133 | 73 | 11 | 206 | 152 | 150.5 | |
| 4 | 172.5 | 143 | 103 | 12 | 152 | 114.5 | 96 | |
| 5 | 134.5 | 124.5 | 112 | 13 | 191 | 147 | 101 | |
| 6 | 224.5 | 168 | 118 | 14 | 183 | 142 | 66 | |
| 7 | 144 | 126.5 | 103.5 | 15 | 163 | 97 | 100 | |
| 8 | 168 | 144.5 | 78 | 16 | 145 | 129.5 | 79.5 |
Table 2 shows the results of three-axis manual measurement of the particle model (unit: mm)
TABLE 3 three-axis artificial measurement results (unit: mm) of the Small particle model
The absolute errors of all models and all axes under each Height are averaged to obtain the average absolute error distribution (Mean absolute error of all models) of all models, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is the average absolute error distribution diagram of all pebble models, the abscissa is the Height (Height) shot by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the ordinate is the absolute error (Mean absolute error) as can be seen from the diagram, errors below 4m are low and the change is smooth; the error change is large in the area from 4m to 8 m; errors above 8m vary fastest. In general coastal dynamic topography and pebble coast deposition characteristic studies, a measurement error within 5% is acceptable. In fig. 3, the average absolute error at 10m is 5.782mm, and the corresponding 5% relative error is 115.64mm, so that the result measured by the method for automatically measuring and calculating pebble three axes according to the scheme meets the precision of theoretical research, and therefore, compared with a manual three-dimensional measuring method, the measuring method provided by the application is simpler, more accurate and more efficient, and greatly reduces the labor intensity and the research cost.
Example two
As shown in fig. 4, the present disclosure further provides a device for measuring and calculating a three-dimensional particle size of an pebble, where the device may be disposed in an upper computer or a server, and may also be used to perform the method in one of the above embodiments, and the device includes: an acquisition unit 40 for acquiring an image of the pebble; a first generating unit 42, configured to process an image of the pebble and generate an orthoimage and elevation information of the pebble; a second generation unit 44 for generating a boundary image of the pebble according to the orthoimage and the elevation information; and an estimation unit 46 for estimating the three-dimensional particle size of the generated pebbles from the boundary image.
Through the device, this scheme need not the manual work and measures the cobble, through the orthophoto image and the elevation information of photography acquisition cobble based on aerial survey unmanned aerial vehicle, automatic identification cobble boundary, calculate the three-dimensional particle diameter of cobble, this measurement and calculation method intelligence, it is simple, high-efficient, measuring result is accurate, stable, reliable, can be used to the quick of the big three-dimensional particle diameter of cobble in field in batches, the precision measurement, consequently, the three-dimensional particle diameter of current cobble has been solved to this scheme and to have passed through the artifical three-axis size of measurement and just can obtain, the task is heavy, the technical problem that measurement efficiency is low.
Optionally, the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is a major axis size, a central axis size and a minor axis size of the pebbles, wherein the measuring and calculating unit includes: the first determining module is used for determining two points with the longest distance on the boundary of the pebble from the boundary image; and the first calculating module is used for calculating the size of the long axis of the generated pebble according to the two points with the longest distance on the boundary of the pebble.
Optionally, the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is a major axis size, a central axis size and a minor axis size of the pebbles, wherein the measuring and calculating unit includes: the second determining module is used for determining a normal vector of a long axis of the pebble as a direction vector of a central axis of the pebble; the third determining module is used for determining the maximum projection and the minimum projection of the pebble in the boundary image according to the direction of the direction vector; and the second calculation module is used for calculating the central axis size of the pebble according to the maximum projection and the minimum projection.
Optionally, the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is a major axis size, a central axis size and a minor axis size of the pebbles, wherein the measuring and calculating unit includes: the acquisition module is used for acquiring the maximum elevation of the pebble and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble from the boundary image; and the generating module is used for generating the minor axis size of the pebble according to the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble.
It will be understood that the specific features, operations and details described herein above with respect to the method of the present invention may be similarly applied to the apparatus and system of the present invention, or vice versa. In addition, each step of the method of the present invention described above may be performed by a respective component or unit of the device or system of the present invention.
It should be understood that the various modules/units of the apparatus of the present invention may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or a combination thereof. Each module/unit may be embedded in a processor of the computer device in a hardware or firmware form or independent from the processor, or may be stored in a memory of the computer device in a software form to be called by the processor to perform the operation of each module/unit. Each module/unit may be implemented as a separate component or module, or two or more modules/units may be implemented as a single component or module.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided that includes a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon computer instructions executable by the processor, the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, instruct the processor to perform the steps of the method of embodiment one of the present invention. The computer device may broadly be a server, a terminal, or any other electronic device having the necessary computing and/or processing capabilities. In one embodiment, the computer device may include a processor, memory, a network interface, a communication interface, etc., connected by a system bus. The processor of the computer device may be used to provide the necessary computing, processing and/or control capabilities. The memory of the computer device may include non-volatile storage media and internal memory. An operating system, a computer program, and the like may be stored in or on the non-volatile storage medium. The internal memory may provide an environment for the operating system and the computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium to run. The network interface and the communication interface of the computer device may be used to connect and communicate with an external device through a network. Which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method of the invention.
The invention may be implemented as a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the steps of a method of an embodiment one of the invention to be performed. In one embodiment, the computer program is distributed across a plurality of computer devices or processors coupled by a network such that the computer program is stored, accessed, and executed by one or more computer devices or processors in a distributed fashion. A single method step/operation, or two or more method steps/operations, may be performed by a single computer device or processor or by two or more computer devices or processors. One or more method steps/operations may be performed by one or more computer devices or processors, and one or more other method steps/operations may be performed by one or more other computer devices or processors. One or more computer devices or processors may perform a single method step/operation, or perform two or more method steps/operations.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the method steps of the present invention may be directed to associated hardware, such as a computer device or processor, for performing by a computer program that may be stored in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium and that when executed causes the steps of the present invention to be performed. Any reference herein to memory, storage, databases, or other media may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, as appropriate. Examples of non-volatile memory include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (prom), electrically programmable ROM (eprom), electrically erasable programmable ROM (eeprom), flash memory, magnetic tape, floppy disk, magneto-optical data storage device, hard disk, solid state disk, and the like. Examples of volatile memory include Random Access Memory (RAM), external cache memory, and the like.
The respective technical features described above may be arbitrarily combined. Although not all possible combinations of features are described, any combination of features should be considered to be covered by the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between such combinations.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of an egg stone, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring an image of a pebble;
processing the image of the pebble to generate an orthoscopic image and elevation information of the pebble;
generating a boundary image of the pebble according to the orthoscopic image and the elevation information;
and measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles generated from the boundary image.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is a major axis dimension, a central axis dimension and a minor axis dimension of the pebbles, wherein evaluating the major axis dimension of the generated pebbles from the boundary image comprises:
determining two points with the longest distance on the boundary of the pebble from the boundary image;
and calculating the size of the long axis of the generated pebble according to the two points with the longest distance on the boundary of the pebble.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is a major axis dimension, a central axis dimension, and a minor axis dimension of the pebbles, wherein evaluating the central axis dimension of the generated pebbles from the boundary image comprises:
determining a normal vector of a long axis of the pebble as a direction vector of a central axis of the pebble;
determining a maximum projection and a minimum projection of the pebble in the boundary image according to the direction of the direction vector;
and calculating the central axis size of the pebble according to the maximum projection and the minimum projection.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is a major axis dimension, a central axis dimension, and a minor axis dimension of the pebbles, wherein evaluating the minor axis dimension of the generated pebbles from the boundary image comprises:
acquiring the maximum elevation of the pebble and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble from the boundary image;
and generating the minor axis size of the pebble according to the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the pebbles are laid on a flat background plate, the background plate is included in the boundary image, and wherein obtaining the minor axis dimension of the pebbles according to the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebbles comprises:
performing an expansion operation on the boundary image, and determining a plurality of boundary points on the background plate far away from the boundary of the pebble;
generating the elevation of the bottom of the pebble according to the elevations of the boundary points on the background plate;
and generating the minor axis size of the pebble according to the difference between the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of pebbles are included in the boundary image, each pebble being labeled with a serial number, wherein after the three-dimensional particle size of the pebble is estimated from the boundary image, the method further comprises:
creating a correlation between the serial number of the pebbles and the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles;
and displaying the serial number of each pebble and the three-dimensional particle size associated with the serial number of each pebble according to the association relationship.
7. A device for measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of cobblestone, which is characterized by comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring an image of the pebble;
the first generation unit is used for processing the image of the pebble to generate an orthoimage and elevation information of the pebble;
the second generation unit is used for generating a boundary image of the pebble according to the orthoscopic image and the elevation information;
and the measuring and calculating unit is used for measuring and calculating the three-dimensional particle size of the generated pebbles from the boundary image.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is a major axis dimension, a central axis dimension, and a minor axis dimension of the pebbles, wherein the reckoning unit comprises:
the first determining module is used for determining two points with the longest distance on the boundary of the pebble from the boundary image;
and the first calculation module is used for calculating and generating the major axis size of the pebble according to the two points with the longest distance on the boundary of the pebble.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is a major axis dimension, a central axis dimension, and a minor axis dimension of the pebbles, wherein the reckoning unit comprises:
the second determining module is used for determining a normal vector of a long axis of the pebble as a direction vector of a central axis of the pebble;
a third determining module, configured to determine a maximum projection and a minimum projection of the pebble in the boundary image according to the direction of the direction vector;
and the second calculation module is used for calculating the median axis size of the pebble according to the maximum projection and the minimum projection.
10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the three-dimensional particle size of the pebbles is a major axis dimension, a central axis dimension, and a minor axis dimension of the pebbles, wherein the reckoning unit comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the maximum elevation of the pebble and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble from the boundary image;
and the generating module is used for generating the minor axis size of the pebble according to the maximum elevation and the elevation of the bottom of the pebble.
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