CN113817957A - W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel and production process thereof - Google Patents

W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel and production process thereof Download PDF

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CN113817957A
CN113817957A CN202110889152.1A CN202110889152A CN113817957A CN 113817957 A CN113817957 A CN 113817957A CN 202110889152 A CN202110889152 A CN 202110889152A CN 113817957 A CN113817957 A CN 113817957A
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bearing steel
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杨海西
刘锦强
曹晓运
樊利智
孙志丽
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Jingye Steel Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite

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Abstract

According to the scheme, the alloy components and the production process are adjusted, so that the bearing steel is simple in production process, high in hardness, high in wear resistance, corrosion resistance and long in service life. A W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel characterized by containing, in wt%: 0.95-1.15%, Si: 0.50-0.55%, Mn: 0.55-0.65%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, and W is 0.3-0.5%.

Description

W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel and production process thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy steel production, and particularly relates to W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel and a production process thereof.
Background
The bearing is a very important part in mechanical equipment, and common bearing materials mainly comprise high-carbon chromium bearing steel and carburized bearing steel. The carbon content of the high-carbon chromium bearing steel is generally 0.95-1.15%, and the structure is as follows: tempered martensite + carbide + a small amount of residual austenite, and the structure has high toughness, and if the lubrication state is not ideal during use, the wear failure can occur. The carburized bearing steel generally contains about 0.2% carbon, and a high hardness is obtained by forming a high-carbon martensite hard layer on the surface.
Since the bearing is subjected to a working environment of high contact stress, multiple cycle contact fatigue stress, and sliding wear, the bearing is required to have high resistance to plastic deformation, friction and wear, and lubricant corrosion. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for bearing steel materials to be processed into bearings, and bearing steel materials should have high and uniform hardness, high elastic limit, high contact fatigue strength, appropriate toughness, and certain hardenability. Moreover, since cracks are initiated due to the adverse effect of inclusions, the requirements for the uniformity of chemical components of the bearing steel, cleanliness level, distribution of carbides, and the like are very strict.
In order to achieve high hardness and high cleanliness levels, significant efforts have been made by state of the art. For example, the institute of iron and steel research CN109266825A discloses that "the structure grain size and the residual carbide grain size of high-carbon chromium bearing steel are double refined through multiple quenching and tempering heat treatment process, so that the high-carbon chromium bearing steel has ultra-long contact fatigue life and high reliability", the Zhongtian iron and Steel group limited company CN109252013A discloses a "slagging process control method of bearing steel with all-plastic inclusions, aiming at using Si to replace Al to deoxidize weak deoxidized slag in the process of LF refining, quartz sand is added in the later stage of LF refining to regulate the slag alkalinity, so as to generate all-plastic inclusions mainly containing silicate, and effectively control B-type, D (coarse) and DS-type inclusions with poor plasticity in bearing steel, the institute of Steel research CN108220807A discloses that "a novel bearing steel material with high purity, fineness, homogenization and low density is obtained by the alloying design of bearing steel of Fe, Cr, Al and C alloy. The use of the material on high-grade bearings can greatly improve the service life, reliability and running speed of the bearings. The steel of the present invention has 0.80-2.50% C, 0.40-6.0% Cr and 2.0-12.0% Al, has a density of 5.8-7.5g/cm3 and a hardness of 60-64 HRC. The aluminum-containing ultra-high carbon bearing steel can be industrially produced on a large scale through smelting, casting, hot rolling and annealing. The contact fatigue life L10 of the aluminum-containing ultra-high carbon bearing steel is far more than that of the traditional GCr15 bearing steel, and the service life of the steel is prolonged by more than 5 times. Although all the technologies have certain advantages, the technologies also have certain defects, for example, the production process is relatively complicated, and higher requirements are put forward for the whole process of the steel process. Therefore, it is desirable to have a bearing steel and a production process thereof, which have simple production process and can bring high hardness, high wear resistance, corrosion resistance and long service life.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to realize the bearing steel which has simple production process, high hardness, high wear resistance, corrosion resistance and long service life and the production process thereof by adjusting the alloy components and the production process on the basis of the prior high-carbon chromium bearing steel.
A W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel characterized by containing, in wt%: 0.95-1.15%, Si: 0.50-0.55%, Mn: 0.55-0.65%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, and W is 0.3-0.5%.
A W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel characterized by consisting of, in wt.%: c: 0.95-1.15%, Si: 0.50-0.55%, Mn: 0.55-0.65%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2-2.2%, Mo: 0.1-0.20%, Nb: 0.01-0.05%, Ti: 0.01-0.05%, W0.3-0.5%, rare earth yttrium 0.001-0.005%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
When the microstructure analysis is carried out on the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank after continuous casting, the area rate of Al2O3 inclusions is below 0.2%, the area rate of MnS inclusions is below 0.05%, and the area rate of carbon-containing compounds is 0.2-0.25%, wherein the average size of carbon-containing compounds in the casting is 20-30nm, the average size of carbon-containing compounds on crystal boundaries is 60-90nm, the size of carbon-containing compounds on the crystal boundaries is less than or equal to 250nm, the area rate of carbon-containing compounds containing tungsten is (0.2-0.25%) (30-35%), the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank is generally loose at 0.5 level, the central loose is at 0.5 level, and the segregation is at 0 level.
After a GCr15 heat treatment process which is common in the field, namely spheroidizing annealing heat treatment at 790 ℃, quenching at 820 ℃ and low-temperature tempering treatment at 150 ℃, a high-hardness and high-toughness tissue structure with spherical carbides uniformly distributed on a martensite matrix is obtained, the surface hardness is more than or equal to 63HRC, the yield strength is 1700-1800MPa, the tensile strength is 2200-2400MPa, the elongation is 2-4%, and the contact fatigue performance L10 is more than or equal to 1.8 multiplied by 107Next, the process is carried out.
Further, the high carbon bearing steel is characterized by comprising, in wt%: c: 0.95%, Si: 0.50%, Mn: 0.55%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2.2%, Mo: 0.18%, Nb: 0.05%, Ti: 0.01%, W0.45%, rare earth yttrium 0.003%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
Further, the high carbon bearing steel is characterized by comprising, in wt%: c: 1.0%, Si: 0.53%, Mn: 0.6%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2.1%, Mo: 0.15%, Nb: 0.03%, Ti: 0.04%, W0.4%, rare earth yttrium 0.003%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
Further, the high carbon bearing steel is characterized by comprising, in wt%: c: 1.15%, Si: 0.55%, Mn: 0.65%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2%, Mo: 0.20%, Nb0.04%, Ti: 0.05%, W0.5%, rare earth yttrium 0.001%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
Furthermore, the production process of the W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel comprises the following steps: it is characterized by comprising the working procedures of converter smelting, LF refining, VD refining and continuous casting,
(1) smelting in a converter: a top-bottom combined blowing converter is adopted, the end point carbon content is 0.65-0.85%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, the tapping temperature is controlled to be 1630-1650 ℃, aluminum particles or calcium-iron alloy are added into molten steel along with the flowing direction during tapping, and the oxygen content in the steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 30 ppm;
(2) LF refining: measuring the temperature after LF station entering, if the temperature of the transferred molten steel is over-standard in the process of entering the LF station, adjusting the temperature at the LF station at the temperature rise rate of 20-40 ℃/min to ensure that the temperature for starting refining is 1600 plus materials 1620 ℃, the [ Al ] in the molten steel is less than or equal to 250ppm or the [ Ca ] in the molten steel is less than or equal to 200ppm, adjusting the alkalinity of the refined slag to 3.5-4, bottom-blowing argon and stirring in the whole process, controlling the flow rate of the bottom-blowing argon of the steel ladle to be less than 100 plus materials 200NL/min, and controlling the refining time to be 25-30 min; adding yttrium-containing rare earth after LF refining; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 15ppm during LF tapping, and the tapping temperature is 1550-1600 ℃; finely adjusting the content of alloy elements to ensure that the components of target products are met;
(3) VD refining: slagging off the steel ladle before the steel ladle is put into a VD furnace, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 20Pa, and stirring for 18-22min by blowing argon, wherein the flow of the soft argon is controlled at 30-35NL/min, and the soft argon is controlled at 3-4 min;
(4) and (3) continuous casting process: the whole process is protected for pouring, the liquid level of the tundish molten steel is protected by a covering agent, and the liquid level is prevented from being exposed; the continuous casting superheat degree is 15-25 ℃, the drawing speed is constant and is 0.7-0.85m/min, the water flow of the continuous casting crystallizer is controlled at 200-220m3/h, and the secondary cooling specific water is 0.35-0.40L/kg.
Furthermore, the production process of the W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that:
LF refining: measuring the temperature after LF station entering, if the temperature of the transferred molten steel is over-standard in the process of entering the LF station, adjusting the temperature at the LF station at a temperature rise rate of 30 ℃/min to ensure that the temperature for starting refining is 1610 ℃, Al in the molten steel is less than or equal to 250ppm or Ca is less than or equal to 200ppm, adjusting the alkalinity of the refining slag to be 3.7-3.9, carrying out bottom argon blowing stirring in the whole process, controlling the flow rate of the ladle bottom argon blowing to be below 150 plus 170NL/min, and controlling the refining time to be 25-27 min; adding yttrium-containing rare earth after LF refining; the oxygen content during LF tapping is less than or equal to 15ppm, and the tapping temperature is 1570-1590 ℃; and finely adjusting the content of the alloy elements to ensure that the components of the target product are met.
Furthermore, the production process of the W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that:
VD refining: slagging off before the ladle is put into a VD furnace, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 20Pa, blowing argon and stirring for 18-20min, wherein the flow of soft argon is controlled at 33-35NL/min, and the soft argon is controlled at 3-4min.
Furthermore, the production process of the W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that:
and (3) continuous casting process: the whole process is protected for pouring, the liquid level of the tundish molten steel is protected by a covering agent, and the liquid level is prevented from being exposed; the continuous casting superheat degree is 15-25 ℃, the drawing speed is constant and is 0.7-0.8m/min, the water flow of the continuous casting crystallizer is controlled at 200-210m3/h, and the secondary cooling specific water is 0.37-0.38L/kg.
The function and design idea of each element of the invention are as follows:
c: the basic elements in the bearing steel are required to form a certain carbide content to contribute to improvement of hardenability and hardenability, but too high a carbide content generates coarse carbides to cause fine crack initiation points to start at grain boundaries, but sufficient martensite formation is ensured to ensure that the hardness of the matrix exceeds 63 HRC. Therefore, the carbon content should be controlled within the range of 0.95-1.15%;
si: can improve oxidation resistance, solid solution strengthening and softening resistance. The Si content in the bearing steel is generally controlled to be within 0.4%, but in the scheme, the Si content is controlled to be 0.5-0.55% in order to obtain good oxidation resistance, solid solution strengthening and softening resistance.
Mn: the hardenability and strength may be reduced at Mn < 0.55 by improving the through-hardening of the bearing steel, and at 0.65% or more, the workability may be reduced, segregation may occur, and the fatigue life may be reduced due to the precipitation of MnS inclusions. Therefore, the control is between 0.55 and 0.65.
P: the impurity element is contained in the bearing steel, the obdurability of the bearing steel can be reduced due to the excessively high P content, and the higher production cost can be brought due to the high cleanliness of the bearing steel, so that the P is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.01% from the aspects of production economy and obdurability;
s: the impurity elements in the bearing steel form MnS due to excessively high S content, so that the strength and toughness of the bearing steel are deteriorated, and the S is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005% from the aspects of production economy and strength and toughness in consideration of higher production cost caused by high cleanliness of the bearing steel;
cr, namely improving the hardenability of the bearing steel, promoting the formation of carbide, improving the hardness and stabilizing the carbide, wherein the strength and hardness are difficult to meet the requirements when the Cr content is lower than 2 percent, and the size of the carbide is increased when the Cr content is higher than 2.2, so that the toughness is not favorably improved, and the Cr content is 2-2.2;
mo: can improve hardenability and increase resistance to temper embrittlement, solid solution strengthening and dispersion strengthening. When Mo is less than or equal to 0.1%, temper brittleness occurs, and when Mo is more than or equal to 0.2%, workability is reduced, so that Mo is 0.1-0.2.
Nb: is a microalloying element, refines the family, improves the strength and the plasticity, forms carbide containing niobium, further refines the size of the carbide and the original austenite of the bearing steel, and further improves the obdurability and the contact fatigue performance. Considering the higher cost of Nb alloying elements, Nb0.01-0.05%.
Ti: fine Ti precipitates such as TiC, (Ti, Nb) C and TiCS are formed in the steel to refine the crystal grains. When the Ti content is less than 0.01%, the strengthening effect is not remarkable. The Ti content exceeds 0.05%, and the strengthening effect is saturated. Therefore, the content of Ti0.01-0.05 percent.
W: this is an alloy element of particular importance in the present case, on the one hand because it improves the hardenability of the steel. On the other hand, W can form W2C with nanometer size, the W2C can improve the wear resistance of the steel and prevent the growth of austenite grains, and when the W content is less than 0.3%, the effect is not obvious. When the W content is too high, on the one hand, the cost is high, and the temperature at which W2C begins to precipitate is high, so that precipitates are easy to aggregate and grow, but are not favorable for pinning grain boundaries and becoming crack starting points, and when the tungsten content is too high, the hardness of the bearing steel is too high, and the machining and shape adjustment of products are also not favorable, so that the W: 0.3 to 0.5 percent. In addition, the inventors originally intended to improve the wear resistance and high hardness of bearing steel by using additional reinforced WC fine particles, but the effect was not satisfactory in the actual manufacturing process, and the analysis may be that the additional reinforced WC fine particles are not well controlled in size as the in-situ tungsten-containing carbide of the present invention and the wettability of the additional reinforced WC fine particles with molten steel is slightly poor, so that the direct addition of WC fine particles was not adopted afterwards.
Rare earth yttrium: the rare earth element enables the formation of rare earth inclusions of alumina and MnS in the bearing steel, not only in combination with O, S element, but also in combination with P, C. Avoid the sulfide from becoming coarse and reducing the fatigue strength of the steel. Improving the existing form of the inclusions and reducing the initiating effect of the inclusions on cracks in the steel, so that the rare earth yttrium is used in an amount of 0.001-0.005%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the converter smelting, LF refining, VD refining and continuous casting processes are favorable for improving the cleanliness level of products and obtaining high strength and plasticity, the continuous casting slab is generally loose at a level of 0.5, the center loose is at a level of 0.5, and the segregation is at a level of 0. If the GCr15 heat treatment process common in the field, namely spheroidizing annealing heat treatment at 790 ℃, quenching at 820 ℃ and low-temperature tempering treatment at 150 ℃, is adopted, a high-hardness and high-toughness tissue structure with spherical carbides uniformly distributed on a martensite matrix is obtained, the surface hardness is more than or equal to 63HRC, the yield strength is 1700-1800MPa, the tensile strength is 2200-2400MPa, the elongation is 2-4%, and the contact fatigue performance L10 is more than or equal to 1.8 multiplied by 107Next, the process is carried out.
Detailed Description
Example 1
High carbon bearing steel, characterized in that the composition in wt% consists of: c: 0.95-1.15%, Si: 0.50-0.55%, Mn: 0.55-0.65%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2-2.2%, Mo: 0.1-0.20%, Nb: 0.01-0.05%, Ti: 0.01-0.05%, W0.3-0.5%, rare earth yttrium 0.001-0.005%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
The production process of the W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel comprises the following steps: it is characterized by comprising the working procedures of converter smelting, LF refining, VD refining and continuous casting,
(1) smelting in a converter: a top-bottom combined blowing converter is adopted, the end point carbon content is 0.65-0.85%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, the tapping temperature is controlled to be 1630-1650 ℃, aluminum particles or calcium-iron alloy are added into molten steel along with the flowing direction during tapping, and the oxygen content in the steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 30 ppm;
(2) LF refining: measuring the temperature after LF station entering, if the temperature of the transferred molten steel is over-standard in the process of entering the LF station, adjusting the temperature at the LF station at the temperature rise rate of 20-40 ℃/min to ensure that the temperature for starting refining is 1600 plus materials 1620 ℃, the [ Al ] in the molten steel is less than or equal to 250ppm or the [ Ca ] in the molten steel is less than or equal to 200ppm, adjusting the alkalinity of the refined slag to 3.5-4, bottom-blowing argon and stirring in the whole process, controlling the flow rate of the bottom-blowing argon of the steel ladle to be less than 100 plus materials 200NL/min, and controlling the refining time to be 25-30 min; adding yttrium-containing rare earth after LF refining; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 15ppm during LF tapping, and the tapping temperature is 1550-1600 ℃; finely adjusting the content of alloy elements to ensure that the components of target products are met;
(3) VD refining: slagging off the steel ladle before the steel ladle is put into a VD furnace, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 20Pa, and stirring for 18-22min by blowing argon, wherein the flow of the soft argon is controlled at 30-35NL/min, and the soft argon is controlled at 3-4 min;
(4) and (3) continuous casting process: the whole process is protected for pouring, the liquid level of the tundish molten steel is protected by a covering agent, and the liquid level is prevented from being exposed; the continuous casting superheat degree is 15-25 ℃, the drawing speed is constant and is 0.7-0.85m/min, the water flow of the continuous casting crystallizer is controlled at 200-220m3/h, and the secondary cooling specific water is 0.35-0.40L/kg.
When the microstructure analysis is carried out on the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank after continuous casting, the area rate of Al2O3 inclusions is below 0.2%, the area rate of MnS inclusions is below 0.05%, and the area rate of carbon-containing compounds is 0.2-0.25%, wherein the average size of carbon-containing compounds in the casting is 20-30nm, the average size of carbon-containing compounds on crystal boundaries is 60-90nm, the size of carbon-containing compounds on the crystal boundaries is less than or equal to 250nm, the area rate of carbon-containing compounds containing tungsten is (0.2-0.25%) (30-35%), the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank is generally loose at 0.5 level, the central loose is at 0.5 level, and the segregation is at 0 level.
Adopts GCr15 heat treatment process common in the field, namely spheroidizing annealing heat treatment at 790 ℃, quenching at 820 ℃ and low-temperature tempering treatment at 150 ℃ to obtain a high-hardness and high-toughness tissue structure with spherical carbides uniformly distributed on a martensite matrix, the surface hardness is more than or equal to 63HRC, and the yield strength is high1700 minus 1800MPa, tensile strength 2200 minus 2400MPa, elongation 2-4%, and contact fatigue performance L10 is more than or equal to 1.8 multiplied by 107Next, the process is carried out.
Example 2
High carbon bearing steel, characterized in that the composition in wt% consists of: c: 0.95%, Si: 0.50%, Mn: 0.55%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2.2%, Mo: 0.18%, Nb: 0.05%, Ti: 0.01%, W0.45%, rare earth yttrium 0.003%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
The production process of the W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel comprises the following steps: it is characterized by comprising the working procedures of converter smelting, LF refining, VD refining and continuous casting,
(1) smelting in a converter: a top-bottom combined blowing converter is adopted, the end point carbon content is 0.65-0.85%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, the tapping temperature is controlled to be 1630-1650 ℃, aluminum particles or calcium-iron alloy are added into molten steel along with the flowing direction during tapping, and the oxygen content in the steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 30 ppm;
(2) LF refining: measuring the temperature after LF station entering, if the temperature of the transferred molten steel is over-standard in the process of entering the LF station, adjusting the temperature at the LF station at the temperature rise rate of 20-40 ℃/min to ensure that the temperature for starting refining is 1600 plus materials 1620 ℃, the [ Al ] in the molten steel is less than or equal to 250ppm or the [ Ca ] in the molten steel is less than or equal to 200ppm, adjusting the alkalinity of the refined slag to 3.5-4, bottom-blowing argon and stirring in the whole process, controlling the flow rate of the bottom-blowing argon of the steel ladle to be less than 100 plus materials 200NL/min, and controlling the refining time to be 25-30 min; adding yttrium-containing rare earth after LF refining; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 15ppm during LF tapping, and the tapping temperature is 1550-1600 ℃; finely adjusting the content of alloy elements to ensure that the components of target products are met;
(3) VD refining: slagging off the steel ladle before the steel ladle is put into a VD furnace, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 20Pa, and stirring for 18-22min by blowing argon, wherein the flow of the soft argon is controlled at 30-35NL/min, and the soft argon is controlled at 3-4 min;
(4) and (3) continuous casting process: the whole process is protected for pouring, the liquid level of the tundish molten steel is protected by a covering agent, and the liquid level is prevented from being exposed; the continuous casting superheat degree is 15-25 ℃, the drawing speed is constant and is 0.7-0.85m/min, the water flow of the continuous casting crystallizer is controlled at 200-220m3/h, and the secondary cooling specific water is 0.35-0.40L/kg.
When the microstructure analysis is carried out on the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank after continuous casting, the area rate of Al2O3 inclusions is below 0.2%, the area rate of MnS inclusions is below 0.05%, and the area rate of carbon-containing compounds is 0.2-0.25%, wherein the average size of carbon-containing compounds in the casting is 20-30nm, the average size of carbon-containing compounds on crystal boundaries is 60-90nm, the size of carbon-containing compounds on the crystal boundaries is less than or equal to 250nm, the area rate of carbon-containing compounds containing tungsten is (0.2-0.25%) (30-35%), the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank is generally loose at 0.5 level, the central loose is at 0.5 level, and the segregation is at 0 level.
After a GCr15 heat treatment process which is common in the field, namely spheroidizing annealing heat treatment at 790 ℃, quenching at 820 ℃ and low-temperature tempering treatment at 150 ℃, a high-hardness and high-toughness tissue structure with spherical carbides uniformly distributed on a martensite matrix is obtained, the surface hardness is more than or equal to 63HRC, the yield strength is 1700-1800MPa, the tensile strength is 2200-2400MPa, the elongation is 2-4%, and the contact fatigue performance L10 is more than or equal to 1.8 multiplied by 107Next, the process is carried out.
Example 3
High carbon bearing steel, characterized in that the composition in wt% consists of: c: 1.0%, Si: 0.53%, Mn: 0.6%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2.1%, Mo: 0.15%, Nb: 0.03%, Ti: 0.04%, W0.4%, rare earth yttrium 0.003%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
The production process of the W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel comprises the following steps: it is characterized by comprising the working procedures of converter smelting, LF refining, VD refining and continuous casting,
(1) smelting in a converter: a top-bottom combined blowing converter is adopted, the end point carbon content is 0.65-0.85%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, the tapping temperature is controlled to be 1630-1650 ℃, aluminum particles or calcium-iron alloy are added into molten steel along with the flowing direction during tapping, and the oxygen content in the steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 30 ppm;
(2) LF refining: measuring the temperature after LF station entering, if the temperature of the transferred molten steel is over-standard in the process of entering the LF station, adjusting the temperature at the LF station at the temperature rise rate of 20-40 ℃/min to ensure that the temperature for starting refining is 1600 plus materials 1620 ℃, the [ Al ] in the molten steel is less than or equal to 250ppm or the [ Ca ] in the molten steel is less than or equal to 200ppm, adjusting the alkalinity of the refined slag to 3.5-4, bottom-blowing argon and stirring in the whole process, controlling the flow rate of the bottom-blowing argon of the steel ladle to be less than 100 plus materials 200NL/min, and controlling the refining time to be 25-30 min; adding yttrium-containing rare earth after LF refining; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 15ppm during LF tapping, and the tapping temperature is 1550-1600 ℃; finely adjusting the content of alloy elements to ensure that the components of target products are met;
(3) VD refining: slagging off the steel ladle before the steel ladle is put into a VD furnace, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 20Pa, and stirring for 18-22min by blowing argon, wherein the flow of the soft argon is controlled at 30-35NL/min, and the soft argon is controlled at 3-4 min;
(4) and (3) continuous casting process: the whole process is protected for pouring, the liquid level of the tundish molten steel is protected by a covering agent, and the liquid level is prevented from being exposed; the continuous casting superheat degree is 15-25 ℃, the drawing speed is constant and is 0.7-0.85m/min, the water flow of the continuous casting crystallizer is controlled at 200-220m3/h, and the secondary cooling specific water is 0.35-0.40L/kg.
When the microstructure analysis is carried out on the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank after continuous casting, the area rate of Al2O3 inclusions is below 0.2%, the area rate of MnS inclusions is below 0.05%, and the area rate of carbon-containing compounds is 0.2-0.25%, wherein the average size of carbon-containing compounds in the casting is 20-30nm, the average size of carbon-containing compounds on crystal boundaries is 60-90nm, the size of carbon-containing compounds on the crystal boundaries is less than or equal to 250nm, the area rate of carbon-containing compounds containing tungsten is (0.2-0.25%) (30-35%), the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank is generally loose at 0.5 level, the central loose is at 0.5 level, and the segregation is at 0 level.
After a GCr15 heat treatment process which is common in the field, namely spheroidizing annealing heat treatment at 790 ℃, quenching at 820 ℃ and low-temperature tempering treatment at 150 ℃, a high-hardness and high-toughness tissue structure with spherical carbides uniformly distributed on a martensite matrix is obtained, the surface hardness is more than or equal to 63HRC, the yield strength is 1700-1800MPa, the tensile strength is 2200-2400MPa, the elongation is 2-4%, and the contact fatigue performance L10 is more than or equal to 1.8 multiplied by 107Next, the process is carried out.
Example 4
High carbon bearing steel, characterized in that the composition in wt% consists of: c: 1.15%, Si: 0.55%, Mn: 0.65%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2%, Mo: 0.20%, Nb0.04%, Ti: 0.05%, W0.5%, rare earth yttrium 0.001%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
The production process of the W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel comprises the following steps: it is characterized by comprising the working procedures of converter smelting, LF refining, VD refining and continuous casting,
(1) smelting in a converter: a top-bottom combined blowing converter is adopted, the end point carbon content is 0.65-0.85%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, the tapping temperature is controlled to be 1630-1650 ℃, aluminum particles or calcium-iron alloy are added into molten steel along with the flowing direction during tapping, and the oxygen content in the steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 30 ppm;
(2) LF refining: measuring the temperature after LF station entering, if the temperature of the transferred molten steel is over-standard in the process of entering the LF station, adjusting the temperature at the LF station at the temperature rise rate of 20-40 ℃/min to ensure that the temperature for starting refining is 1600 plus materials 1620 ℃, the [ Al ] in the molten steel is less than or equal to 250ppm or the [ Ca ] in the molten steel is less than or equal to 200ppm, adjusting the alkalinity of the refined slag to 3.5-4, bottom-blowing argon and stirring in the whole process, controlling the flow rate of the bottom-blowing argon of the steel ladle to be less than 100 plus materials 200NL/min, and controlling the refining time to be 25-30 min; adding yttrium-containing rare earth after LF refining; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 15ppm during LF tapping, and the tapping temperature is 1550-1600 ℃; finely adjusting the content of alloy elements to ensure that the components of target products are met;
(3) VD refining: slagging off the steel ladle before the steel ladle is put into a VD furnace, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 20Pa, and stirring for 18-22min by blowing argon, wherein the flow of the soft argon is controlled at 30-35NL/min, and the soft argon is controlled at 3-4 min;
(4) and (3) continuous casting process: the whole process is protected for pouring, the liquid level of the tundish molten steel is protected by a covering agent, and the liquid level is prevented from being exposed; the continuous casting superheat degree is 15-25 ℃, the drawing speed is constant and is 0.7-0.85m/min, the water flow of the continuous casting crystallizer is controlled at 200-220m3/h, and the secondary cooling specific water is 0.35-0.40L/kg.
When the microstructure analysis is carried out on the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank after continuous casting, the area rate of Al2O3 inclusions is below 0.2%, the area rate of MnS inclusions is below 0.05%, and the area rate of carbon-containing compounds is 0.2-0.25%, wherein the average size of carbon-containing compounds in the casting is 20-30nm, the average size of carbon-containing compounds on crystal boundaries is 60-90nm, the size of carbon-containing compounds on the crystal boundaries is less than or equal to 250nm, the area rate of carbon-containing compounds containing tungsten is (0.2-0.25%) (30-35%), the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank is generally loose at 0.5 level, the central loose is at 0.5 level, and the segregation is at 0 level.
After a GCr15 heat treatment process which is common in the field, namely spheroidizing annealing heat treatment at 790 ℃, quenching at 820 ℃ and low-temperature tempering treatment at 150 ℃, a high-hardness and high-toughness tissue structure with spherical carbides uniformly distributed on a martensite matrix is obtained, the surface hardness is more than or equal to 63HRC, the yield strength is 1700-1800MPa, the tensile strength is 2200-2400MPa, the elongation is 2-4%, and the contact fatigue performance L10 is more than or equal to 1.8 multiplied by 107Next, the process is carried out.
Comparative example 1
The only difference from example 2 is that the ingredients are: high carbon bearing steel, characterized in that the composition in wt% consists of: c: 0.95%, Si: 0.30%, Mn: 0.45%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 1.7%, Mo: 0.18%, Nb: 0.05%, Ti: 0.01%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
When the microstructure of the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank after continuous casting is analyzed, the area rate of Al2O3 inclusions is below 0.4%, the area rate of MnS inclusions is below 0.1%, and the area rate of carbon-containing compounds is 0.3-0.35%, wherein the average size of carbon-containing compounds in the casting blank is 35-50nm, the average size of carbon-containing compounds on crystal boundaries is 80-110nm, the size of carbon-containing compounds on the crystal boundaries is less than or equal to 350nm, the general porosity of the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank is 0.5 grade, the central porosity is 0.5 grade, and the segregation is 0 grade.
After a GCr15 heat treatment process which is common in the field, namely spheroidizing annealing heat treatment at 790 ℃, quenching at 820 ℃ and low-temperature tempering treatment at 150 ℃, a high-hardness and high-toughness tissue structure with spherical carbides uniformly distributed on a martensite matrix is obtained, the surface hardness is more than or equal to 61HRC, the yield strength is 1600-1700MPa, the tensile strength is 2000-2200MPa, the elongation is 2-4 percent, and the contact fatigue property L10 is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 107Next, the process is carried out.
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 2 is that the ingredients are: high carbon bearing steel, characterized in that the composition in wt% consists of: c: 0.95%, Si: 0.50%, Mn: 0.55%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2.2%, Mo: 0.18%, Nb: 0.05%, Ti: 0.01%, W0.05%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
When the microstructure analysis is carried out on the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank after continuous casting, the area rate of Al2O3 inclusions is below 0.28%, the area rate of MnS inclusions is below 0.07%, and the area rate of carbon-containing compounds is 0.3-0.35%, wherein the average size of carbon-containing compounds in the casting is 35-50nm, the average size of carbon-containing compounds on grain boundaries is 90-110nm, the size of carbon-containing compounds on grain boundaries is less than or equal to 350nm, the area rate of carbon-containing compounds containing tungsten is (0.3-0.35%) (25-30%), the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank is generally loose at a level of 1.0, the central loose is at a level of 0.5, and the segregation is at a level of 0.5.
Adopts GCr15 heat treatment technology common in the field, namely spheroidizing annealing heat treatment at 790 ℃, quenching at 820 ℃ and low-temperature tempering treatment at 150 ℃ to obtain a high-hardness and high-toughness tissue structure with spherical carbides uniformly distributed on a martensite matrix, wherein the surface hardness is more than or equal to 61.8HRC, the yield strength is 1600-1660MPa, the tensile strength is 2100-2340MPa, the elongation is 2-4 percent, and the contact fatigue performance is more than or equal to 1.6 multiplied by 10L 107Next, the process is carried out.
Comparative example 3
The only difference from example 2 is that the ingredients are: high carbon bearing steel, characterized in that the composition in wt% consists of: c: 0.95%, Si: 0.50%, Mn: 0.55%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2.2%, Mo: 0.18%, Nb: 0.05%, Ti: 0.01%, W0.45%, rare earth La0.003%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
When the microstructure analysis is carried out on the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank after continuous casting, the area rate of Al2O3 inclusions is below 0.2%, the area rate of MnS inclusions is below 0.05%, and the area rate of carbon-containing compounds is 0.2-0.25%, wherein the average size of carbon-containing compounds in the casting is 25-40nm, the average size of carbon-containing compounds on grain boundaries is 70-100nm, the size of carbon-containing compounds on grain boundaries is not more than 310nm, the area rate of carbon-containing compounds containing tungsten is (0.2-0.25%) (30-35%), the porosity of the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank is generally 0.5 grade, the central porosity is 0.5 grade, and the segregation is 0 grade.
It can be seen that the average size of the carbonaceous compounds is slightly increased by the addition of rare earth La compared to rare earth yttrium.
After a GCr15 heat treatment process which is common in the field, namely spheroidizing annealing heat treatment at 790 ℃, quenching at 820 ℃ and low-temperature tempering treatment at 150 ℃, a high-hardness and high-toughness tissue structure with spherical carbides uniformly distributed on a martensite matrix is obtained, the surface hardness is more than or equal to 62HRC, the yield strength is 1700-1750MPa, the tensile strength is 2200-2330MPa, the elongation is 2-4 percent, and the contact fatigue performance L10 is more than or equal to 1.75 multiplied by 107Next, the process is carried out.
Comparative example 3
The only difference from example 2 is that the ingredients are: high carbon bearing steel, characterized in that the composition in wt% consists of: c: 0.95%, Si: 0.50%, Mn: 0.55%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2.2%, Mo: 0.18%, Nb: 0.05%, Ti: 0.01%, W0.45%, rare earth La + yttrium 0.003%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
When the microstructure analysis is carried out on the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank after continuous casting, the area rate of Al2O3 inclusions is below 0.2%, the area rate of MnS inclusions is below 0.05%, and the area rate of carbon-containing compounds is 0.2-0.25%, wherein the average size of carbon-containing compounds in the casting is 25-35nm, the average size of carbon-containing compounds on grain boundaries is 70-90nm, the size of carbon-containing compounds on grain boundaries is not more than 290nm, the area rate of carbon-containing compounds containing tungsten is (0.2-0.25%) (30-35%), the porosity of the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank is generally 0.5 grade, the central porosity is 0.5 grade, and the segregation is 0 grade.
It can be seen that the rare earth La and the rare earth yttrium are compositely added, and the average size of the carbon-containing compound is slightly increased compared with the case of adding only the rare earth yttrium, but is slightly smaller than the average size of the carbon-containing compound of adding only the rare earth La.
Adopts GCr15 heat treatment technology which is common in the field, namely spheroidizing annealing heat treatment at 790 ℃, quenching at 820 ℃ and low-temperature tempering treatment at 150 ℃ to obtain a high-hardness and high-toughness tissue structure with spherical carbides uniformly distributed on a martensite matrix, wherein the surface hardness is more than or equal to 62HRC, the yield strength is 1720-7Next, the process is carried out.
Comparative example 4
The only difference from example 2 is that the ingredients are: high carbon bearing steel, characterized in that the composition in wt% consists of: c: 0.95%, Si: 0.50%, Mn: 0.55%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2.2%, Mo: 0.18%, Nb: 0.05%, Ti: 0.01%, WC 0.45%, rare earth yttrium 0.003%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
When the microstructure analysis is carried out on the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank after continuous casting, the area rate of Al2O3 inclusions is below 0.2%, the area rate of MnS inclusions is below 0.05%, and the area rate of carbon-containing compounds is 0.2-0.25%, wherein the average size of carbon-containing compounds in the casting is 25-40nm, the average size of carbon-containing compounds on crystal boundaries is 80-110nm, the size of carbon-containing compounds on the crystal boundaries is less than or equal to 350nm, the area rate of carbon-containing compounds containing tungsten is (0.2-0.25%) (30-40%), the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank is generally loose at 0.5 level, the central loose is at 0.5 level, and the segregation is at 0.5 level.
After a GCr15 heat treatment process which is common in the field, namely spheroidizing annealing heat treatment at 790 ℃, quenching at 820 ℃ and low-temperature tempering treatment at 150 ℃, a high-hardness and high-toughness tissue structure with spherical carbides uniformly distributed on a martensite matrix is obtained, the surface hardness is more than or equal to 62.2HRC, the yield strength is 1700-1750MPa, the tensile strength is 2200-2300MPa, the elongation is 2-3.5 percent, and the contact fatigue property L10 is more than or equal to 1.6 multiplied by 107Next, the process is carried out.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not limit the technical solutions described in the present invention; thus, while the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted; all such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and the present invention and protected by the following claims.

Claims (9)

1. The W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.95-1.15%, Si: 0.50-0.55%, Mn: 0.55-0.65%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, and W is 0.3-0.5%.
2. The W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.95-1.15%, Si: 0.50-0.55%, Mn: 0.55-0.65%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2-2.2%, Mo: 0.1-0.20%, Nb: 0.01-0.05%, Ti: 0.01-0.05%, W0.3-0.5%, rare earth yttrium 0.001-0.005%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%;
when the microstructure of the continuously cast high-carbon bearing steel casting blank is analyzed, the area rate of Al2O3 inclusions is below 0.2%, the area rate of MnS inclusions is below 0.05%, and the area rate of carbon-containing compounds is 0.2-0.25%, wherein the average size of carbon-containing compounds in the casting is 20-30nm, the average size of carbon-containing compounds on grain boundaries is 60-90nm, the size of carbon-containing compounds on grain boundaries is less than or equal to 250nm, the area rate of carbon-containing compounds containing tungsten is (0.2-0.25%) (30-35%), the high-carbon bearing steel casting blank is generally loose at 0.5 level, the central loose is at 0.5 level, and the segregation is at 0 level;
after a GCr15 heat treatment process which is common in the field, namely spheroidizing annealing heat treatment at 790 ℃, quenching at 820 ℃ and low-temperature tempering treatment at 150 ℃, a high-hardness and high-toughness tissue structure with spherical carbides uniformly distributed on a martensite matrix is obtained, the surface hardness is more than or equal to 63HRC, the yield strength is 1700-1800MPa, the tensile strength is 2200-2400MPa, the elongation is 2-4%, and the contact fatigue performance L10 is more than or equal to 1.8 multiplied by 107Next, the process is carried out.
3. The high carbon bearing steel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composition in wt.% consists of: c: 0.95%, Si: 0.50%, Mn: 0.55%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2.2%, Mo: 0.18%, Nb: 0.05%, Ti: 0.01%, W0.45%, rare earth yttrium 0.003%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
4. The high carbon bearing steel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composition in wt.% consists of: c: 1.0%, Si: 0.53%, Mn: 0.6%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2.1%, Mo: 0.15%, Nb: 0.03%, Ti: 0.04%, W0.4%, rare earth yttrium 0.003%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
5. The high carbon bearing steel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composition in wt.% consists of: c: 1.15%, Si: 0.55%, Mn: 0.65%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 2%, Mo: 0.20%, Nb 0.04%, Ti: 0.05%, W0.5%, rare earth yttrium 0.001%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the impurities is less than 0.1%.
6. The process for producing a W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: it is characterized by comprising the working procedures of converter smelting, LF refining, VD refining and continuous casting,
(1) smelting in a converter: a top-bottom combined blowing converter is adopted, the end point carbon content is 0.65-0.85%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, the tapping temperature is controlled to be 1630-1650 ℃, aluminum particles or calcium-iron alloy are added into molten steel along with the flowing direction during tapping, and the oxygen content in the steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 30 ppm;
(2) LF refining: measuring the temperature after LF station entering, if the temperature of the transferred molten steel is over-standard in the process of entering the LF station, adjusting the temperature at the LF station at the temperature rise rate of 20-40 ℃/min to ensure that the temperature for starting refining is 1600 plus materials 1620 ℃, the [ Al ] in the molten steel is less than or equal to 250ppm or the [ Ca ] in the molten steel is less than or equal to 200ppm, adjusting the alkalinity of the refined slag to 3.5-4, bottom-blowing argon and stirring in the whole process, controlling the flow rate of the bottom-blowing argon of the steel ladle to be less than 100 plus materials 200NL/min, and controlling the refining time to be 25-30 min; adding yttrium-containing rare earth after LF refining; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 15ppm during LF tapping, and the tapping temperature is 1550-1600 ℃; finely adjusting the content of alloy elements to ensure that the components of target products are met;
(3) VD refining: slagging off the steel ladle before the steel ladle is put into a VD furnace, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 20Pa, and stirring for 18-22min by blowing argon, wherein the flow of the soft argon is controlled at 30-35NL/min, and the soft argon is controlled at 3-4 min;
(4) and (3) continuous casting process: the whole process is protected for pouring, the liquid level of the tundish molten steel is protected by a covering agent, and the liquid level is prevented from being exposed; the continuous casting superheat degree is 15-25 ℃, the drawing speed is constant and is 0.7-0.85m/min, the water flow of the continuous casting crystallizer is controlled at 200-220m3/h, and the secondary cooling specific water is 0.35-0.40L/kg.
7. The process for producing a W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein: the method is characterized in that:
LF refining: measuring the temperature after LF station entering, if the temperature of the transferred molten steel is over-standard in the process of entering the LF station, adjusting the temperature at the LF station at a temperature rise rate of 30 ℃/min to ensure that the temperature for starting refining is 1610 ℃, Al in the molten steel is less than or equal to 250ppm or Ca is less than or equal to 200ppm, adjusting the alkalinity of the refining slag to be 3.7-3.9, carrying out bottom argon blowing stirring in the whole process, controlling the flow rate of the ladle bottom argon blowing to be below 150 plus 170NL/min, and controlling the refining time to be 25-27 min; adding yttrium-containing rare earth after LF refining; the oxygen content during LF tapping is less than or equal to 15ppm, and the tapping temperature is 1570-1590 ℃; and finely adjusting the content of the alloy elements to ensure that the components of the target product are met.
8. The process for producing a W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein: the method is characterized in that:
VD refining: slagging off before the ladle is put into a VD furnace, controlling the vacuum degree to be less than or equal to 20Pa, blowing argon and stirring for 18-20min, wherein the flow of soft argon is controlled at 33-35NL/min, and the soft argon is controlled at 3-4min.
9. The process for producing a W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein: the method is characterized in that:
and (3) continuous casting process: the whole process is protected for pouring, the liquid level of the tundish molten steel is protected by a covering agent, and the liquid level is prevented from being exposed; the continuous casting superheat degree is 15-25 ℃, the drawing speed is constant and is 0.7-0.8m/min, the water flow of the continuous casting crystallizer is controlled at 200-210m3/h, and the secondary cooling specific water is 0.37-0.38L/kg.
CN202110889152.1A 2021-08-04 2021-08-04 W-containing high-hardness corrosion-resistant high-carbon bearing steel and production process thereof Pending CN113817957A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114570897A (en) * 2022-02-14 2022-06-03 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 NM450 casting blank production method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114570897A (en) * 2022-02-14 2022-06-03 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 NM450 casting blank production method
CN114570897B (en) * 2022-02-14 2024-06-11 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 NM450 casting blank production method

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Application publication date: 20211221