CN113815316A - Thermal printing head heating control method and device based on differential constant-current heating - Google Patents
Thermal printing head heating control method and device based on differential constant-current heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN113815316A CN113815316A CN202011351630.5A CN202011351630A CN113815316A CN 113815316 A CN113815316 A CN 113815316A CN 202011351630 A CN202011351630 A CN 202011351630A CN 113815316 A CN113815316 A CN 113815316A
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- heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/315—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material
- B41J2/32—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material using thermal heads
- B41J2/35—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material using thermal heads providing current or voltage to the thermal head
- B41J2/355—Control circuits for heating-element selection
- B41J2/3558—Voltage control or determination
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/315—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material
- B41J2/32—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material using thermal heads
- B41J2/335—Structure of thermal heads
- B41J2/33505—Constructional details
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Abstract
The invention relates to a thermal printing head heating control method and a thermal printing head heating control device based on differential constant-current heating, which are characterized in that differential constant-current heating control is carried out on more than two heating points in a thermal printing head heating body, so that the heating power of each heating point is consistent, wherein the following contents are executed on each heating point in the thermal printing head heating body: measuring voltage V1 across the heating point; the measured voltage value V1 is sent to a voltage comparator to be compared with a reference voltage Vc, if V1 is less than Vc, a heating circuit of the heating point is cut off, and the temperature begins to be reduced; judging whether the temperature of the heating point is reduced below a safe temperature, if so, starting a heating circuit of the heating point, and continuing to heat until the line of printing is finished, otherwise, continuing to reduce the temperature below the safe temperature; compared with the prior art, the invention can reduce the negative influence on the printing effect caused by temperature accumulation and can avoid the damage of the heating element of the printing head caused by overhigh temperature.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of thermal printing head manufacturing, in particular to a thermal printing head heating control method and device based on differential constant-current heating, which can ensure that the heat transfer amount of printing media of heating points is the same, and further improve the printing density uniformity.
Background art:
as is known, a thermal printing head is provided with a plurality of continuous thermal heating units which are linearly arranged according to a certain resolution, a printer drives a logic signal according to printing content and applies voltage of corresponding time to each heating unit through a control IC to enable the heating units to generate Joule heat, heat energy generated by the heating units is applied to a thermal medium to enable the thermal medium to develop color to realize printing, resistance values of heating points on the printing head are different within a certain range, the phenomenon of uneven density exists in the use scenes of engineering drawings, medical images, color printing and the like by using a common control method, rough compensation can be generally carried out only by controlling the heating time of individual points with large difference, accurate temperature measurement is difficult to realize in the printing process during rapid and continuous printing, heat accumulation is easy to cause, and the temperature on the heating units of the printing head is gradually increased, when trailing occurs or even the temperature exceeds the critical temperature to destroy the heating element, the basic temperature of the substrate is roughly judged by a thermistor arranged on the heating substrate or a PCB (printed Circuit Board), printing conditions are adjusted, and the heating element is protected.
The relevant prior documents are as follows: CN 108569036A: the negative temperature coefficient resistor R is adhered to a thermal head radiating fin of the thermal printer, when the temperature of the thermal printer is low, the base voltage of the NPN type triode is high, the NPN type triode is conducted, the internal resistance between the collector and the emitter of the NPN type triode is small, current mainly flows through the NPN type triode, large working current is rapidly provided for the thermal printer, and normal large-data-volume printing is guaranteed; when the temperature of the thermal printing head is gradually increased, the internal resistance of the negative temperature coefficient resistor R is gradually reduced, the conduction degree of the NPN type triode Q1 is gradually weakened, the current supplied to the thermal printing head is weakened, the printing is slowed down, and the thermal printing head is protected.
CN 110466260A: the heating control sequence carries out multiple heating on one dot row by dividing the paper feeding time for printing one dot row into N heating time periods and N-1 rest time periods arranged between two adjacent heating time periods, so that the problems that black lines are not full and rendering is not uniform when data is printed in a non-heating time period, obvious thin white lines appear on the printed thermal paper, and the printing effect is improved.
JP 1993278251A: the influence on the control point when the dots around the print point to be controlled generate heat is quantified as the start point temperature and the peak temperature of the control point temperature curve and the temperature rise of the generated peripheral dots. The temperature profile of the control point is configured by summing the temperature rises, and the printing energy is controlled so that the peak temperature of the control point becomes a reference value by comparing the temperature profile with a reference profile.
CN 1467090A: a print control apparatus and method utilizes a thermal head having a set of micro-heating elements that can be used as both heating elements and temperature detectors and a drive circuit that provides current to drive the heating elements; a control circuit for switching a current supplied to each heating element between a heating drive state and a temperature detection state, a circuit for converting a temperature value on each heating element to a voltage value, and 1 which can detect a voltage value using a current flowing in the temperature detection state; an analog/digital conversion circuit for converting the voltage to a digital value, an adder for cumulatively calculating the digital value obtained by the digital conversion from the start of heating, a comparator for comparing the cumulative value obtained by the adder with a preset target printing density value sent by a superordinate apparatus with respect to a given point to be printed to determine which is larger; circuitry for stopping the heating drive of the heating element when the comparator detects that the target print density value has been reached.
The methods mentioned in these prior documents are to protect the print head by measuring the temperature control current on the heat sink through the negative temperature coefficient resistor, or to perform a preset and fixed multi-segment pulse printing, or to obtain the temperature of the thermistor, and to perform a rough temperature compensation operation by using the temperature of the thermistor, or to realize the measurement of the temperature of the heat generating body itself and frequent temperature correction at the printing gap by switching the printing circuit and the resistance measuring circuit at a high speed. The method for protecting the printing head by controlling the current magnitude through the temperature on the radiating fin can play a certain protection role, but the temperature measuring position is away from the heating body by a certain distance, the accuracy is low, the printing speed is reduced when the current becomes small, the fixed multi-stage printing method is preset, the printing quality can be effectively improved, but the temperature is difficult to control below the critical temperature, the temperature of the thermistor is used as a basic temperature control method, the temperature difference between the thermistor and the heating body is too large, the delay time of the thermistor and the temperature of the heating body is usually dozens to hundreds of us compared with the temperature of the heating body, the reaction is too slow, and the requirement cannot be met on the occasion requiring precise control; in the situation of iTPH control mentioned in CN1467090A, the requirement for hardware circuit and software is too high due to the need for high-speed and frequent switching of the working circuit and the resistance measuring circuit, and the special driver IC, peripheral control circuit and software are needed for responding, so that the technical difficulty and cost are high, and the wide application is difficult to achieve.
The invention content is as follows:
aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a thermal printing head heating control method and device based on differential constant-current heating, which can ensure that the heat transfer amount of printing media of heating points is the same, and further improve the printing density uniformity.
The invention is achieved by the following measures:
a thermal printing head heating control method based on differential constant-current heating is characterized in that differential constant-current heating control is carried out on more than two heating points in a thermal printing head heating body, so that the heating power of each heating point is consistent, wherein the following steps are carried out on each heating point in the thermal printing head heating body:
step 1: measuring voltage V1 across the heating point;
step 2: sending the measured voltage value V1 to a voltage comparator, comparing the voltage value with a reference voltage Vc, if V1 is less than Vc, cutting off a heating circuit of the heating point, and starting to cool;
and step 3: and judging whether the temperature of the heating point is reduced to be below the safe temperature, if so, starting a heating circuit of the heating point, and continuing to heat until the line of printing is finished, otherwise, continuing to reduce the temperature to be below the safe temperature.
The invention also comprises initial heating, during the initial heating, more than two heating points of a heating body in the thermal printing head are heated by constant current, and heating pulses are output to the heating circuits of more than two heating points through a register, the heating current of each heating point is set according to the resistance value (known) of the heating point, so that the heating power of each heating point is consistent.
The heating adjustment of any heating point of the invention is specifically as follows: the register obtains data representing the current value of each heating point through a communication interface between the drive IC and the printer, the obtained data is converted into a voltage value for controlling the current of each heating point after being processed by the DA converter, the obtained voltage value is applied to the MOS tube, and the current value in the heating circuit is controlled by the MOS tube.
In the step 3 of the invention, whether the temperature of the current heating point is reduced to below the safe temperature is judged through the cooling time t1, the estimated cooling value is obtained through combining the cooling time t1 and the cooling rate of the heating point material, and further, the cooling time t1 is between several microseconds and dozens of microseconds, so that the temperature can be reduced to below the safe temperature.
The invention also provides a thermal printing head heating control device based on differential constant-current heating, which is characterized by comprising more than two paths of heating control mechanisms which correspond to more than two heating points in a heating body of the thermal printing head one by one, wherein the heating control mechanisms are provided with a heating adjusting circuit and a heating on-off control circuit.
The heating control mechanism can be realized by adopting the following structure: the heating circuit comprises a heating current adjusting circuit, a voltage comparator and a heating on-off control circuit, wherein a DA converter used for receiving a logic control signal output by a register is arranged in the heating circuit adjusting circuit, the output end of the DA converter is connected with the G pole of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube used for controlling the current, the S pole of the MOS tube used for controlling the current is connected with the VH end, and the D pole of the MOS tube is connected with the heating on-off control circuit; one input end of the voltage comparator receives a reference voltage value, the other input end of the voltage comparator receives voltage values at two ends of a current heating point, the output end of the voltage comparator is connected with one input end of the logical OR gate, the other input end of the logical OR gate is connected with the output end of the time delayer, the output end of the logical OR gate is connected with one input end of the logical AND gate, the other end of the logical AND gate is connected with an STB (set Top Box) signal (a heating time control signal of one line when a printing head works), the output end of the logical AND gate is connected with the input end of the time delayer through a logical NOT gate and is also connected with a heating on-off control circuit, an on-off control MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube is arranged in the heating on-off control circuit, the S pole of the on-off control MOS tube is connected with the D pole of an MOS tube for controlling the current, the D pole of the on-off control MOS tube is connected with the current heating point, and the G pole of the on-off control MOS tube is connected with the output end of the logical AND gate.
The invention also provides a thermal print head with the heating control device, wherein the thermal print head comprises a heating substrate, a control IC, a radiating substrate and a heating resistor body with a stable temperature resistance coefficient (TCR), wherein the control IC can selectively heat the heating body on the heating substrate according to an input control logic, the heating adopts a constant current mode for heating, the thermal control method comprises the steps of setting different current values according to the resistance value of the heating body at each point to ensure that the power of all heating points is consistent, calculating the resistance value of the heating body by measuring the voltage of the heating points and the set current value, obtaining the temperature of the heating body according to the TCR characteristic of the heating body, cutting off the power supply of the current heating point for a few mu s-tens mu s to stop heating the heating point if the temperature of the heating body is judged to be close to the critical temperature, and recovering the normal heating after cooling to the safe temperature, until the line heating is stopped, the critical temperature is generally lower than the heat generating body destruction temperature, and the safety temperature is lower than the critical temperature but higher than the color development temperature of the printing medium. The method can ensure the printing density among all the heating points to be uniform and can also avoid the damage of the heating element of the printing head due to overhigh temperature.
In the invention, the control IC can adopt an independently controllable constant current heating mode for each heating point, the current is set according to the resistance value of the heating point, so that the heating points with different resistance values can realize the same power heating, the setting of the current is realized through an IC internal register, the register obtains data representing the current of each point through a communication interface between the IC and a printer, the data is converted into a voltage value for controlling the current of each heating point through a DA, and the current is controlled to be small or large in a circuit through a mos tube. The method can ensure that the heating rates of all heating points are consistent and the printing density is uniform.
The individual electrode and the common electrode are arranged on two sides of the heating element, a voltage measuring point is arranged in the control IC on the side of the individual electrode, the other end of the voltage measuring point is connected with a voltage comparator, the voltage of the reference end of the voltage comparator is obtained by combining TCR of the heating element and constant current calculation of the heating element according to the critical temperature of the heating element, and when the voltage of the voltage measuring point is lower than the reference voltage of the voltage comparator, the comparator outputs a signal to cut off the heating circuit. After a period of time delay, when the voltage is higher than the reference voltage, the circuit is switched on to recover heating, and a pulse type heating mode is formed by repeatedly switching on and off, so that the method can reduce the negative influence on the printing effect caused by temperature accumulation and can avoid the damage of a heating body of the printing head due to overhigh temperature.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal print head according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a connection mode of the common electrode and the individual electrode to the heating element in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structural principle of controlling connection of a part of points in an IC and a heating element in the invention, the magnitude of a single-point constant current is determined by a printer according to a resistance value of the point at normal temperature, and the current resistance value (voltage value) of the heating element in the printing process, a preset value of the printer, a result of a comparator and an STB signal jointly determine on-off of a heating circuit.
FIG. 4 is a lifting curve of the temperature under the control of STB signal and comparator on-off during single-point continuous printing, the heating element starts heating and temperature rising when the STB is turned on, the heating element stops heating and temperature reduction when the STB is turned off, the comparator controls the IC to cut off power supply when the temperature rises to the critical temperature, the IC resumes power supply when the temperature drops to the safe temperature, and the process is repeated until the STB signal is turned off.
Reference numerals: 1. the PCB comprises a heating substrate, 2 control ICs, 3 heat dissipation substrates, 4 heating resistors, 5 sockets, 6 packaging glue, 7 PCB circuit boards, 8 common electrodes and 9 individual electrodes.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
example 1:
the thermal print head of this embodiment includes a heating substrate, a control IC, a heat dissipation substrate, and a heating resistor having a relatively stable Temperature Coefficient of Resistance (TCR) as shown in FIG. 1, wherein the IC can selectively heat the heating body on the heating substrate according to the input control logic, the heating adopts a constant current mode, the current of each point can be set according to the difference of resistance values, the resistance value of each point is measured before the printing head is used, the printing equipment calculates and generates the corresponding current numerical value of each point according to the resistance value data of the printing head and the same power of all points, the register obtains the data representing the current magnitude of each point through the communication interface between the IC and the printer, the data is converted into the voltage value for controlling the current magnitude of each heating point through the DA, the current magnitude in the mos tube control circuit is shown in detail in fig. 3, so that the temperature of all the dots can be ensured to be consistent and the printing density is uniform during printing.
The method comprises the steps of arranging individual electrodes and common electrodes at two ends of a heating body, wherein an individual electrode and a common electrode are detailed as shown in figure 2, arranging a voltage measuring point in a control IC at the side of the individual electrode, connecting the other end of the voltage measuring point with a voltage comparator, calculating the voltage of a reference end of the voltage comparator according to the critical temperature of the heating body, combining the TCR of the heating body and the constant current of the heating body, providing a voltage measuring point by a printing device, wherein the printing current is constant current for each point, the current temperature of the heating body can be equivalently obtained according to the TCR characteristic of the heating body by measuring the current voltage at two ends of the heating point when a printing head works, when the voltage at two ends of the heating point is lower than the reference voltage, the temperature exceeds the critical temperature, outputting a signal by the comparator to cut off a heating circuit, the heating body starts to be cooled, the cooling speed is about 0.2 ℃/us, the cooling time can be set by a time delay device, generally from several us to dozens, when the temperature is reduced to the safe temperature, the circuit is switched on to recover heating, and the heating is repeatedly switched on and off until the gating signal is switched off to finish the printing of the line, so that the pulse type heating mode is formed, and the detailed view in FIG. 4 is provided. The destruction temperature of the heating body is generally 600 ℃ and above, different heating body materials are different, the temperature of a plurality of lines of initial printing generally does not trigger the IC to protect the heating body, when a plurality of lines are continuously printed, the temperature rise speed is far faster than the temperature drop speed, the temperature can rapidly rise along with the heat accumulation, in order to better protect the heating body, the critical temperature is generally set to be 250 ℃ -400 ℃, the temperature is determined according to the situation, the dynamic color development temperature higher than the printing medium is ensured to be lower than the destruction temperature of the heating body, and is slightly higher than or equal to the saturation temperature of the color development medium, so that the negative influence of heat accumulation on the printing effect can be effectively reduced, and the heating body can be effectively protected from being destroyed due to overhigh temperature.
Claims (7)
1. A thermal printing head heating control method based on differential constant-current heating is characterized in that differential constant-current heating control is carried out on more than two heating points in a thermal printing head heating body, so that the heating power of each heating point is consistent, wherein the following steps are carried out on each heating point in the thermal printing head heating body:
step 1: measuring voltage V1 across the heating point;
step 2: sending the measured voltage value V1 to a voltage comparator, comparing the voltage value with a reference voltage Vc, if V1 is less than Vc, cutting off a heating circuit of the heating point, and starting to cool;
and step 3: and judging whether the temperature of the heating point is reduced to be below the safe temperature, if so, starting a heating circuit of the heating point, and continuing to heat until the line of printing is finished, otherwise, continuing to reduce the temperature to be below the safe temperature.
2. The differential constant-current heating-based thermal print head heating control method according to claim 1, further comprising initial heating, wherein during the initial heating, constant-current heating is performed on more than two heating points of a heating body in the thermal print head, and a register outputs heating pulses to heating circuits of the more than two heating points, and the heating current of each heating point is set according to the resistance value of the heating point, so that the heating power of each heating point is consistent.
3. The differential constant-current heating-based thermal print head heating control method according to claim 1, wherein the heating adjustment of any heating point is specifically as follows: the register obtains data representing the current value of each heating point through a communication interface between the drive IC and the printer, the obtained data is converted into a voltage value for controlling the current of each heating point after being processed by the DA converter, the obtained voltage value is applied to the MOS tube, and the current value in the heating circuit is controlled by the MOS tube.
4. The differential constant-current heating-based thermal print head heating control method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, whether the temperature of the current heating point is reduced below a safe temperature is judged through a temperature reduction time t1, and an estimated temperature reduction value is obtained by combining the temperature reduction time t1 with the temperature reduction rate of the heating point material.
5. The thermal printing head heating control device based on differential constant-current heating is characterized by being provided with more than two paths of heating control mechanisms which correspond to more than two heating points in a heating body of the thermal printing head one by one, wherein each heating control mechanism is provided with a heating adjusting circuit and a heating on-off control circuit.
6. A differential constant-current heating-based thermal print head heating control device according to claim 5, wherein the heating control mechanism can be realized by adopting the following structure: the heating circuit comprises a heating current adjusting circuit, a voltage comparator and a heating on-off control circuit, wherein a DA converter used for receiving a logic control signal output by a register is arranged in the heating circuit adjusting circuit, the output end of the DA converter is connected with the G pole of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube used for controlling the current, the S pole of the MOS tube used for controlling the current is connected with the VH end, and the D pole of the MOS tube is connected with the heating on-off control circuit; one input end of the voltage comparator receives a reference voltage value, the other input end of the voltage comparator receives voltage values at two ends of a current heating point, the output end of the voltage comparator is connected with one input of the logical OR gate, the other input of the logical OR gate is connected with the output of the time delayer, the output end of the logical OR gate is connected with one input of the logical AND gate, the other end of the logical AND gate is connected with an STB signal, the STB signal is a heating time control signal of one line when the printing head works, the output end of the logical AND gate is connected with the input of the time delayer through a logical NOT gate and is connected with a heating on-off control circuit at the same time, an on-off control MOS tube is arranged in the heating on-off control circuit, the S pole of the on-off control MOS tube is connected with the D pole of the MOS tube for controlling the current, the D pole of the on-off control MOS tube is connected with the current heating point, and the G pole of the on-off control MOS tube is connected with the output end of the logical AND gate.
7. A thermal print head having the differential constant-current heating-based thermal print head heating control device according to any one of claims 5 or 6, the thermal print head comprising a heating substrate, a control IC, a heat dissipation substrate, and a heating resistor body having a stable "temperature resistivity".
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011351630.5A CN113815316B (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Thermal printing head heating control method and device based on differential constant-current heating |
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| CN202011351630.5A CN113815316B (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Thermal printing head heating control method and device based on differential constant-current heating |
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| CN113815316B CN113815316B (en) | 2022-10-04 |
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| US4797837A (en) * | 1986-04-24 | 1989-01-10 | Ncr Canada Ltd. - Ncr Canada Ltee | Method and apparatus for thermal printer temperature control |
| JPS6451959A (en) * | 1987-08-21 | 1989-02-28 | Minolta Camera Kk | Thermal transfer recording device |
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| EP0423708A2 (en) * | 1989-10-17 | 1991-04-24 | Seiko Instruments Inc. | Method and apparatus for thermally recording data in a recording medium |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113815316B (en) | 2022-10-04 |
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