CN113815151B

CN113815151B - Method for recovering discarded filter rods of cigarettes

Info

Publication number: CN113815151B
Application number: CN202111076615.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 温光和; 尧珍玉; 沈靖轩; 曹迎辉
Original assignee: Yunnan Henggang Science And Technologies Co ltd
Current assignee: Yunnan Henggang Science And Technologies Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-14
Filing date: 2021-09-14
Publication date: 2023-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-14
Also published as: CN113815151A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recovering a waste filter stick of a cigarette, which comprises the following 11 steps: screening and feeding, cutting into long strips, soaking in hot water, extruding, twisting and dehydrating, centrifugally removing paper, removing paper under negative pressure, drying by hot air, winnowing and removing impurities, dissolving, filtering and removing impurities, preparing spinning solution and preparing tows. The invention effectively removes foreign matters and bad smell in the waste filter stick, and simultaneously removes foreign matters such as iron scraps, stones and the like which are generated by paying insufficient attention to the storage environment of the waste filter stick by 1) production enterprises; 2) Material impurities brought by special filter sticks, such as threads, gel, exploded beads, particles, essence, spice and the like; 3) The removal rate of foreign matters influencing the recycling spinning application in the waste filter rods such as wrapping paper, lap adhesive, middle line adhesive, plasticizer, oil agent and the like brought by the production of the filter rods can reach 99.9 percent, and the industrial technical problems of recycling impurity removal and recycling spinning application of the waste filter rods are effectively solved. The invention effectively combines the material characteristics, systematically optimizes the process connection, realizes the grading treatment and the accurate processing, and provides the industrial production process and the method which are simple and feasible to operate and can be applied.

Description

Method for recovering discarded filter rods of cigarettes

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of novel cigarette preparation, and particularly relates to a method for recovering a waste cigarette filter stick.

Background

The waste filter stick is mainly generated in the filter stick production process and the machine-loading experimental process. The waste filter sticks are of various types and comprise common filter sticks and various special filter sticks. The waste filter sticks are mainly in the form of unqualified filter sticks and uncut waste strips. The industry consumes about 35 ten thousand tons of diacetate tow each year, and produces about 0.7 ten thousand tons of waste filter sticks calculated by 2% rod loss. At present, the treatment mode of the waste filter stick is mainly entrusted to burning or landfill, which causes huge energy consumption and environmental pollution.

The method has the advantages of recycling the waste filter sticks, meeting the national development guidance of energy conservation, consumption reduction and pollution emission reduction, and having remarkable social value and economic value. Meanwhile, the waste filter rods generated in China are concentrated in cigarette enterprises and filter rod production enterprises, are relatively concentrated, and are beneficial to the control and concentrated recycling of monopoly materials.

A great deal of research work in the recovery and comprehensive reutilization aspect of the waste filter stick is carried out in the industry for many years.

1. Can be recycled as a novel cigarette filtering material. For example, CN 1032283A adopts a pure physical method to prepare a cigarette filter stick by utilizing the waste material of a cellulose diacetate filter stick; CN 101660281A, CN 101032347 and CN 102747647A, CN 102704300A, CN 109778588A adopt the waste material of the diacetate fiber filter stick to prepare the paper filter material. The materials have novelty, good suction quality and the function of selectively adsorbing phenol, but the application range and the scale of the filter materials are limited, and the current situation of processing the waste filter sticks is difficult to change.

2. And recycling the cellulose acetate as a production raw material of the cellulose diacetate tows. For example, CN 101565466B, CN 101717524A, CN 101864608B, CNI839718A recovers the waste filter stick to prepare a tow. The research results are feasible from the technical aspect, and the utilization mode of recycling the raw materials for producing the diacetate fiber tows is still in the experimental research stage, so that the industrial application is difficult.

3. And recycling the raw materials for other industries. For example, CN 111822484A is used for cutting the waste acetate fiber filter stick into acetate fiber filter stick sections, then melting and granulating, and obtaining the composite material through extrusion, stretching, molding or 3D printing, wherein the obtained composite material is used as a firmware in the field of cigarettes. The application range and scale of the technology are also limited, and the current situation of processing the waste filter rods is difficult to change.

The transformation application of the research results is limited by the technical problems of monopoly system and industrial application, is always in a state of research or small-batch trial application, and cannot realize large-scale application.

The production of about 0.7 million tons of waste filter rods per year appears to be large, but is small compared to the consumption of about 35 million tons of diacetate tow per year by the industry. Therefore, the breakthrough of the industrial application technology of reclaiming the waste filter stick is the key for changing the current situation of the treatment of the waste filter stick. The waste filter stick recycling spinning application needs to meet the requirements of product application scale, monopoly control system, economic benefit and social benefit, and the core of the waste filter stick recycling spinning application lies in the removal of foreign matters.

The foreign matters in the waste filter stick which influence the recycling spinning application mainly comprise three types: 1) Foreign matters such as iron scraps, stones and the like generated by the production enterprises due to the fact that the storage environment of the waste filter sticks is not sufficiently emphasized; 2) Material impurities brought by special filter sticks, such as threads, gel, exploded beads, particles, essence, spice and the like; 3) Raw material impurities brought by the production of the filter stick, such as wrapping paper, lap adhesive, middle line adhesive, plasticizer, oil agent and the like.

CN 102704324A, CN103965507A provides an effective paper removing method, which prepares 3-5mm fiber through unpacking, infiltration, paper removing, stirring, drying, crushing, screening and packaging processes, wherein the yield is more than or equal to 70%, the paper removing rate is more than or equal to 99%, and the productivity can reach 60kg/h. The key point of the method lies in mechanical paper removal, and the product is mainly applied to paper filter materials and cannot be directly used as a spinning raw material.

Patent CN 112871970A provides a preparation method of a spinning solution, which is to remove tipping paper, thread glue and glycerol triacetate through primary screening, mixing, soaking and dehydrating, cutting, stirring and dissolving, crushing, solid-liquid separation and filtering processes to prepare the spinning solution. The key point of the method is that the filter paper is dissolved, and the efficiency is low due to high viscosity and more impurities after the dissolution. Meanwhile, the removal of other foreign matters is not systematically considered, so that the feasibility and operability of industrial application are insufficient.

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method and a process for recycling and impurity-removing waste filter rods and applying the waste filter rods in a back spinning mode. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the development guidance of energy conservation, consumption reduction and pollution emission reduction in China is met, the requirements of industry monopolized material management and control and centralized recycling are met, the reality of large-scale production and application of cigarette cellulose diacetate tows is met, and the economic value and the social value are obvious.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of waste filter stick recovery, impurity removal and industrial re-spinning application, and provides a process and a method which are simple, feasible and applicable to operation.

The invention provides a method for recovering a waste filter stick of a cigarette, which comprises the following 11 steps: screening, feeding, cutting into long strips, soaking in hot water, squeezing, twisting and dehydrating, centrifugally removing paper, removing paper under negative pressure, drying by hot air, winnowing, dissolving, filtering, removing impurities, preparing spinning solution and preparing tows;

1) Screening and feeding, conveying materials and screening unqualified filter sticks and uncut waste cigarette filter stick strips;

2) Cutting off the long strips, and cutting off the non-cut cigarette waste filter stick long strips screened out in the step 1) to regulate the materials;

3) Soaking in hot water, namely soaking the filter rod materials qualified in the screening in the step 1) and the filter rod materials subjected to the cutting treatment in the step 2) in hot water to remove impurities such as lap glue, middle line glue, a plasticizer, an oil agent, gel, exploded beads, particles, essence, spice and the like, and simultaneously enabling the paper to fall off;

4) Squeezing, rubbing and dehydrating, namely squeezing and rubbing the materials in the step 3) to remove redundant water, and meanwhile, because the self adhesive force of the water-absorbing paper is strong, the paper can be formed into balls or blocks under the action of squeezing and rubbing, and part of the water can be removed along with the falling of water flow;

5) Centrifugally removing paper, namely feeding the material obtained in the step 4) into a centrifugal roller, and separating paper balls or paper blocks from an acetate fiber rod under the centrifugal acceleration condition because the specific gravity of the paper balls or paper blocks with high water content is higher than that of the acetate fiber rod;

6) Negative pressure paper removal, namely conveying the material obtained in the step 5) into a negative pressure conveying belt, wherein the paper balls or paper blocks and small-sized impurities (such as residual particles) are removed under the action of vacuum suction force because the size of the paper balls or paper blocks is far smaller than that of the acetate fiber rods and the air permeability of the paper balls or paper blocks is not as good as that of the acetate fiber rods;

7) Hot air drying, namely, carrying out hot air drying on the material obtained in the step 6), controlling the moisture of the material, and removing volatile odor molecules;

8) Removing impurities by air separation, namely feeding the material obtained in the step 7) into an air separator to further remove fine and light-density foreign matters and volatile odor molecules, such as broken paper fibers and broken particle scraps;

9) Dissolving, filtering and removing impurities, dissolving the material obtained in the step 8) by using acetone, and removing impurities such as wires, powdery impurities and the like by three-stage filtration;

10 Preparing a spinning solution, namely using the material obtained in the step 9) for preparing the spinning solution, and replacing cellulose diacetate for production with a recovered material;

11 Preparing tows, namely preparing cigarette tows of diacetate by using the spinning solution in the step 10) through a tow production process.

Preferably, in the step 1), an upper conveyor belt and a lower conveyor belt are adopted to convey materials, and the unqualified filter sticks and the waste filter stick strips of the uncut cigarettes are screened and inspected while the materials are conveyed by controlling the distribution of slits between the two conveyor belts and the length, width and interval of the slits. Wherein foreign matters such as first class iron scraps, stones and the like can be filtered out in the step.

Preferably, in the step 2), the uncut waste cigarette filter stick strips screened out in the step 1) are cut to regulate the materials, so that the length of the waste filter sticks is less than or equal to 300mm, the cutting length is 80-300mm, and the preferable length is 100-120mm.

Preferably, in the step 3), the impurities such as the lap joint glue, the middle line glue, the gel and the exploded bead have hot melting performance, are insoluble in water and lighter in density than water, and can float to the water surface in hot water soaking. The impurities such as the plasticizer, the oil agent, the particles and the like have the characteristics of insolubility in water, lighter density than water and small size of molecules or particles, and can float to the water surface in hot water soaking. The paper falling refers to that the lap adhesive and the middle line adhesive for adhering the paper are completely removed.

The hot water soaking adopts a circulating water system, the circulating mode is that water enters from the bottom and exits from the upper part, and the water circulating speed is 10-50 percent of the water storage capacity per hour, preferably 20-30 percent; the hot water temperature is 50-100 ℃, preferably 80-90 ℃; the material soaking time is 5-20 minutes, and the water surface has no lap glue, middle line glue, plasticizer, oil solution, gel, bead blasting, particles and other impurities, and the material can be discharged. In addition, in the hot water soaking process, the first-class iron scraps, the stone blocks and other foreign matters are also sunk due to high density, so that the first-class iron scraps, the stone blocks and other foreign matters are removed.

Preferably, in the step 4), a pair-roller extruder is adopted for squeezing and dehydrating, the pair rollers are longitudinally distributed and rotate in opposite directions, and the rotation speed difference of the two rollers is 5-50% of the roller speed with the lowest rotation speed so as to control the squeezing and twisting force; the roller rotating speed and the roller spacing can be adjusted to control the moisture of the material to be 45-55%, and the excessive moisture or partial paper balls or paper blocks can flow out along the lower roller.

Preferably, in step 5), the rotation speed of the centrifugal roller is 200-2000 rpm, preferably 200-800 rpm.

Preferably, in the step 6), the negative pressure conveyor belt is a perforated stainless steel conveyor belt, the negative pressure vacuum below the negative pressure conveyor belt is 0.5-3kpa, and the vacuum suction force is applied to the material on the negative pressure conveyor belt through the holes.

Preferably, in the step 7), the water content of the material is controlled to be less than or equal to 15 percent, preferably less than or equal to 8 percent, the temperature of hot air is 80-150 ℃, and the wind speed of the hot air is 1.0-2.0m/s. The water content of the material is controlled, volatile smell molecules are removed, and material impurities brought by special filter sticks of essence, spice and the like can be volatilized along with hot air. In addition, the steps of the hot water soaking step 3) and the air separation impurity removal step 8) can also remove the essence and the spice.

Preferably, in the step 8), the material in the step 6) passes through a winnowing machine from top to bottom, and under the action of wind force, fine and light-density foreign matters and volatile odor molecules enter an air draft dust removal system.

Preferably, in step 9), the acetone is dissolved at a concentration of 1 to 25%, preferably 5 to 10%.

Preferably, in the step 10), the material obtained in the step 9) is used for preparing the spinning solution, and the proportion of the recovered material for replacing the cellulose diacetate for production is 5-100%, preferably 20-30%.

The cigarette diacetate fiber tows produced in the step 11) can replace cigarette diacetate fiber tows of the same specification in the cigarette production process, and the cigarette quality is not affected. Meanwhile, the recycled diacetate fibers produced in the step 8) are treated by a crusher, and a cigarette filtering material is prepared by adopting a paper-making process or an air-laid process, has low impurity and foreign matter content, basically has no peculiar smell, and has no negative influence on cigarette smoking.

The device used by the recovery method of the cigarette waste gas filter stick sequentially comprises a screening and feeding mechanism 1, a strip cutting mechanism 2, a hot water soaking mechanism 3, a squeezing and twisting dehydration mechanism 4, a centrifugal paper removing mechanism 5, a negative pressure paper removing mechanism 6, a hot air drying mechanism 7, a winnowing and impurity removing mechanism 8, a dissolving and filtering impurity removing mechanism 9, a spinning solution preparation mechanism 10 and a filament bundle preparation mechanism 100.

Preferably, the screening and feeding mechanism 1 comprises a first conveyor belt 11, a second conveyor belt 16, a baffle 13, a first material collecting chamber 14, a foreign matter collecting chamber 15 and a feeding hole 12;

the feed inlet 12 is positioned above the first conveyor belt 11, the second conveyor belt 16 is positioned below the second conveyor belt 16, and the baffle 13 is obliquely arranged between the first conveyor belt 11 and the second conveyor belt 16;

the first conveyor belt 11 is a punching conveyor belt; the second conveyor belt 16 is a perforated conveyor belt;

the materials are conveyed to the first conveyor belt 11 through the feeding hole 12; the filter sticks with the overlong length are retained on the first conveyor belt 11 and conveyed to the long strip cutting mechanism 2; the remaining material falls through the baffle 13 into the second conveyor 16 after falling; after the materials pass through the second conveyor belt 16, fine foreign matters fall into the foreign matter collecting chamber 15; the remaining material on the second conveyor belt 16 falls through the second conveyor belt 16 into the first material collection chamber 14;

the shape of the holes on the first conveyor belt 11 is circular, oval or rectangular, and the diameter or length of the holes is 150-300mm, preferably 200-250mm; the spacing distance of the holes is less than or equal to 70mm, preferably less than or equal to 10mm;

the holes on the second conveyor belt 16 are circular, oval or rectangular in shape, and the diameter or length of the holes is 5-100mm, preferably 10-50mm; the spacing distance of the holes is less than or equal to 20mm, preferably less than or equal to 5mm. The material is conveyed by the upper and lower conveying belts, and unqualified filter sticks and waste filter stick strips of uncut cigarettes are screened and inspected while the material is conveyed by controlling the sizes of the apertures on the two conveying belts and the aperture distribution intervals. Wherein foreign matters such as first class iron scraps, stones and the like can be filtered out in the step.

Preferably, the strip cutting mechanism 2 comprises a cutter head 21, a cutter head base 22 and a second material collecting chamber 23, wherein the cutter head 21 cuts the filter sticks with overlong length which are conveyed in the previous process, falls into the second material collecting chamber 23 after being cut, and conveys the filter sticks to the feed port 12 again;

the cutting length is 80-300mm, and the preferable length is 100-120mm.

Preferably, the hot water soaking mechanism 3 comprises a soaking pool 33, a water inlet 31 positioned at the bottom of the soaking pool 33 and a water outlet 32 positioned at the top of the soaking pool 33, wherein a first material lifting platform 34, a second material lifting platform 35 and a lifting platform reversing rod 36 are arranged in the soaking pool 33;

the material in the first material collecting chamber 14 in the previous process is conveyed to the first material lifting table object bin 34; after the first material lifting table object bin 34 is filled with materials, the lifting table reversing rod 36 controls and rotates to enable the first material lifting table object bin 34 to sink into a water pool for soaking treatment; the material in the first material collection chamber 14 is conveyed to the second material lifting table object bin 35; after the second material lifting platform object cabin 35 is full of material, the lifting platform reversing rod 36 is controlled to rotate, so that the second material lifting platform object cabin 35 sinks into a water pool for soaking, and the material in the first material lifting platform object cabin 34 subjected to hot water soaking is conveyed to the squeezing, rubbing and dewatering mechanism 4 in the next working procedure; both material bins are in a rotary cycle.

The materials in the first material collecting chamber 14 or the second material collecting chamber 23 are controlled by the lifting platform reversing rod 36 to be rotationally conveyed to a range with 1/5-4/5 of the height of the water surface from the bottom of the soaking pool 33, and the preferred position is a range with 1/3-2/3 of the height of the water surface from the bottom of the soaking pool 33. The impurities such as lap adhesive, middle line adhesive, gel, bead blasting and the like have hot melting performance, have the characteristics of insolubility in water and lighter density than water, and can float to the water surface in hot water soaking. The impurities such as the plasticizer, the oil agent, the particles and the like have the characteristics of insolubility in water, lighter density than water and small size of molecules or particles, and can float to the water surface in hot water soaking. The paper falling refers to that the lap adhesive and the middle line adhesive for adhering the paper are completely removed. In addition, in the hot water soaking process, the first-class iron scraps, the stone blocks and other foreign matters are also sunk due to high density, so that the first-class iron scraps, the stone blocks and other foreign matters are removed.

Preferably, the extruding, twisting and dewatering mechanism 4 is a double-roll extruder, which comprises two roll extruders, wherein the surfaces of the roll extruders are provided with protrusions 41, the protrusions 41 are hemispherical, semi-elliptical or cylindrical, the protruding height of the protrusions 41 is 2-20mm, and the distribution distance of the protrusions 41 is 5-50mm, that is, the distance between adjacent protrusions 41. And under the squeezing action, redundant water or partial paper balls or paper blocks can flow out along the lower roller.

Preferably, the centrifugal paper removing mechanism 5 is a centrifugal roller, a metal cuboid 51 is riveted on the inner wall of the centrifugal roller, the metal cuboid 51 is riveted along the radial direction of the centrifugal roller, the height of the metal cuboid 51 along the radial direction of the centrifugal roller is 20-100mm, the length of the metal cuboid 51 along the axial direction of the centrifugal roller is 5-20mm, the thickness of the metal cuboid 51 is 5-10mm, and the distance between the metal cuboids 51 is 50-100mm.

Preferably, the metal cuboid riveted by the centrifugal roller can be a solid body or a metal frame; the metal cuboid riveted by the centrifugal roller can also be in the shape of a cylinder, a cone and the like.

Preferably, the negative pressure paper removing mechanism 6 comprises a vacuum conveying belt 61 and a negative pressure pumping device 62, the vacuum conveying belt is a perforated stainless steel conveying belt, the upper surface of the vacuum conveying belt is provided with a plurality of through holes 63, the diameter of each through hole 63 is 2-5mm, and the distance between every two adjacent through holes 63 is 4-5mm.

Preferably, the hot air drying mechanism 7 includes a drying chamber 71 and a hot air blowing device 72. The hot air drying can control the moisture of the material, and simultaneously remove volatile smell molecules, and the material impurities brought by special filter sticks of essence, spice and the like can be volatilized along with the hot air. In addition, the steps of hot water soaking and air separation impurity removal can also remove the essence and the spice.

Preferably, the winnowing and impurity removing mechanism 8 is a winnowing machine which is of a vertical cuboid stainless steel structure, the left side of the winnowing machine is provided with an air inlet 81, the right side of the winnowing machine is provided with an air outlet 82, and the left and right vertical cuboids are perforated stainless steel plates which are respectively an air inlet partition plate 83 and a separation partition plate 84; the air inlet 81 is connected with the air inlet partition plate 83; the air outlet 82 is connected with the separation partition 84; the perforation diameter of the air inlet partition plate 83 is 1-2mm, the perforation interval is 3-4mm, and a blowing system is connected with the air inlet 81 to control the air pressure of the small holes in the air inlet partition plate 83 to be 1-2kpa; the punching diameter of the separating partition 84 is 2-5mm, the punching distance is 2-3mm, and the separating partition 84 is connected with an air draft dust removal system to control the negative pressure vacuum outside the separating partition 84 to be 0.5-1kpa. Under the action of wind force, fine and light-density foreign matters and volatile odor molecules enter the air draft dust removal system.

The material of the previous process enters the air separator from the upper end feeding hole 85, the material falls from the top to the bottom and enters the discharging hole 86, the fine foreign matters pass through the separating clapboard 84 under the action of wind power to enter the dust removal system, and the material after air separation is conveyed to the dissolving, filtering and impurity removing mechanism 9 of the next process.

Preferably, the dissolving, filtering and impurity removing mechanism 9 performs three-stage filtering, including a primary filter screen 91 with a 5-40 mesh screen to remove wire-shaped impurities; comprises a deep filter screen 92 with 40-100 meshes for removing granular impurities; comprises a fine filter screen 93 of 100-200 meshes for removing powdery impurities.

The second aspect of the invention provides a method for recovering discarded filter sticks of cigarettes, which uses the device of the first aspect of the invention and comprises the following 11 steps: screening and feeding, cutting into long strips, soaking in hot water, extruding, twisting and dehydrating, centrifugally removing paper, removing paper under negative pressure, drying by hot air, winnowing and removing impurities, dissolving, filtering and removing impurities, preparing spinning solution and preparing tows.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention effectively solves the industrial technical problems of waste filter stick recycling and impurity removal and re-spinning application through 11 processes of screening and feeding, strip cutting, hot water soaking, squeezing and twisting for dehydration, centrifugal paper removal, negative pressure paper removal, hot air drying, air separation and impurity removal, dissolution and filtration and impurity removal, spinning solution preparation and tow preparation. The invention effectively combines the material characteristics, systematically optimizes the process connection, realizes the grading treatment and the accurate processing, and provides the industrial production process and the method which are simple and feasible to operate and can be applied. Besides, the invention specially designs a cigarette waste gas filter stick recovery device suitable for the method.

2. The invention effectively removes foreign matters and bad smell in the waste filter stick, and simultaneously, the invention can effectively remove foreign matters such as iron scraps, stones and the like which are generated by paying insufficient attention to the storage environment of the waste filter stick by 1) manufacturers; 2) Material impurities brought by special filter sticks, such as threads, gel, exploded beads, particles, essence, spice and the like; 3) The removal rate of foreign matters influencing the recycling spinning application in three waste filter rods such as wrapping paper, lap adhesive, middle line adhesive, plasticizer, oil agent and the like caused by the production of the filter rods can reach 99.9 percent.

3. The cigarette diacetate fiber tow produced by the invention can replace cigarette diacetate fiber tow of the same specification in the production process of cigarettes, and has no influence on the quality of the cigarettes. The diacetate fiber recovery material produced by the invention is treated by a crusher, and the cigarette filter material is prepared by adopting a paper making process or an air-laid process, has low foreign matter content and basically no peculiar smell, and has no negative influence on cigarette smoking.

4. The technical achievement of the invention can fundamentally solve the current situation of processing the waste filter stick, meet the national development guide of energy conservation, consumption reduction and pollution emission reduction, meet the requirements of trade monopoly material management and control and centralized recycling, meet the actual requirement of large-scale production and application of cigarette cellulose diacetate tows, and have remarkable economic value and social value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the recovery method of the discarded filter stick of the cigarette

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device for recovering the waste filter sticks of cigarettes;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the components of the screening and feeding mechanism 1 according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a top view of the slitting mechanism 2 according to the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the hot water soaking mechanism 3 according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the hot water soaking mechanism 3 according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a 4-roll extruder of the extrusion dewatering mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the centrifugal roller structure of the centrifugal paper removing mechanism 5 according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the vacuum conveyor belt of the negative pressure paper removing mechanism 6 according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a top view of the winnowing and impurity removing mechanism 8 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a left side view of the winnowing and impurity removing mechanism 8 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a front view of the winnowing and impurity removing mechanism 8 of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a three-layer filter screen structure of the dissolving, filtering and impurity removing mechanism 9 according to the present invention;

1-screening and feeding mechanism, 2-strip cutting mechanism, 3-hot water soaking mechanism, 4-extruding, rubbing and dewatering mechanism, 5-centrifugal paper removing mechanism, 6-negative pressure paper removing mechanism, 7-hot air drying mechanism, 8-winnowing and impurity removing mechanism, 9-dissolving, filtering and impurity removing mechanism, 10-spinning solution preparing mechanism and 100-tow preparing mechanism;

11-a first conveyor belt, 12-a feed port, 13-a baffle, 14-a first material collecting chamber, 15-a foreign matter collecting chamber, 16-a second conveyor belt, 21-a cutter head, 22-a cutter head base, 23-a second material collecting chamber, 31-a water inlet, 32-a water outlet, 33-a soaking pool, 34-a first material lifting table, 35-a second material lifting table, 36-a lifting table reversing rod, 41-a bulge, 51-a metal cuboid, 61-a vacuum conveyor belt, 62-negative pressure pumping equipment, 63-a through hole, 71-a drying chamber, 72-hot air blasting equipment, 81-an air inlet, 82-an air outlet, 83-an air inlet baffle, 84-a separation baffle, 85-a feed port of an air separation impurity removal mechanism, 86-a discharge port of an air separation impurity removal mechanism, 91-a primary filter screen, 92-a deep filter screen and 93-a fine filter screen.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The experimental methods not specified in the examples are generally commercially available according to the conventional conditions and the conditions described in the manual, or according to the general-purpose equipment, materials, reagents and the like used under the conditions recommended by the manufacturer, unless otherwise specified. The starting materials required in the following examples and comparative examples are all commercially available.

The device structure used in this embodiment is as follows:

the device for recovering the discarded filter sticks of the cigarettes sequentially comprises a screening and feeding mechanism 1, a strip cutting mechanism 2, a hot water soaking mechanism 3, an extruding, rubbing and dehydrating mechanism 4, a centrifugal paper removing mechanism 5, a negative pressure paper removing mechanism 6, a hot air drying mechanism 7, a winnowing and impurity removing mechanism 8, a dissolving, filtering and impurity removing mechanism 9, a spinning solution preparing mechanism 10 and a tow preparing mechanism 100.

The screening and feeding mechanism 1 comprises a first conveyor belt 11, a second conveyor belt 16, a baffle 13, a first material collecting chamber 14, a foreign matter collecting chamber 15 and a feeding hole 12; the feed inlet 12 is positioned above the first conveyor belt 11, the second conveyor belt 16 is positioned below the second conveyor belt 16, and the baffle 13 is obliquely arranged between the first conveyor belt 11 and the second conveyor belt 16; the first conveyor belt 11 is a punching conveyor belt; the second conveyor belt 16 is a perforated conveyor belt; the materials are conveyed to the first conveyor belt 11 through the feeding hole 12; the filter sticks with the overlong length are retained on the first conveyor belt 11 and conveyed to the long strip cutting mechanism 2; the remaining material falls through the baffle 13 into the second conveyor 16 after falling; after the materials pass through the second conveyor belt 16, fine foreign matters fall into the foreign matter collecting chamber 15; the remaining material on the second conveyor belt 16 falls through the second conveyor belt 16 into the first material collection chamber 14;

the strip cutting mechanism 2 comprises a cutter head 21, a cutter head base 22 and a second material collecting chamber 23, wherein the cutter head 21 is used for cutting off filter rods with unqualified lengths sent in the previous process, and the filter rods fall into the second material collecting chamber 23 after being cut off;

the hot water soaking mechanism 3 comprises a soaking pool 33, a water inlet 31 positioned at the bottom of the soaking pool 33 and a water outlet 32 positioned at the top of the soaking pool 33, wherein a first material lifting platform 34, a second material lifting platform 35 and a lifting platform reversing rod 36 are arranged in the soaking pool 33; the material in the first material collecting chamber 14 in the previous process is conveyed to the first material lifting table object bin 34; after the first material lifting table object bin 34 is filled with materials, the lifting table reversing rod 36 controls and rotates to enable the first material lifting table object bin 34 to sink into a water pool for soaking treatment; the material in the first material collection chamber 14 is conveyed to the second material lifting platform object bin 35; after the second material lifting table object cabin 35 is full of materials, the second material lifting table object cabin 35 is controlled to rotate through the lifting table reversing rod 36, so that the second material lifting table object cabin 35 sinks into the water pool for soaking treatment, and the materials in the first material lifting table object cabin 34 subjected to hot water soaking treatment are conveyed to the squeezing, rubbing and dewatering mechanism 4 in the next working procedure; the materials in the first material collecting chamber 14 or the second material collecting chamber 23 are controlled by the lifting platform reversing rod 36 to be rotationally conveyed to a range with 1/5-4/5 of the height of the water surface from the bottom of the soaking pool 33, and the preferred position is a range with 1/3-2/3 of the height of the water surface from the bottom of the soaking pool 33.

The squeezing, twisting and dewatering mechanism 4 is a pair roller extruding machine, and comprises two roller extruding machines, wherein the surfaces of the roller extruding machines are provided with bulges 41.

The centrifugation removes paper mechanism 5 and is the centrifugal roller, riveted metal cuboid 51 on the centrifugal roller inner wall, metal cuboid 51 is along the radial riveting of centrifugal roller.

The negative pressure paper removing mechanism 6 comprises a vacuum conveying belt 61 and a negative pressure pumping device 62, wherein the vacuum conveying belt is a perforated stainless steel conveying belt, and a plurality of through holes 63 are formed in the upper surface of the vacuum conveying belt.

The hot air drying mechanism 7 comprises a drying chamber 71 and a hot air blowing device 72; the winnowing impurity removing mechanism 8 is a winnowing machine which is of a vertical cuboid stainless steel structure, the left side of the winnowing machine is provided with an air inlet 81, the right side of the winnowing machine is provided with an air outlet 82, and the left and right vertical cuboids are perforated stainless steel plates which are respectively an air inlet partition plate 83 and a separation partition plate 84; the air inlet 81 is connected with the air inlet partition plate 83; the air outlet 82 is connected to the separating partition 84.

The dissolution filtration impurity removal mechanism 9 carries out three-stage filtration.

Example 1

And after 10 tons of waste filter sticks are recovered, a waste filter stick recovery system is adopted for processing.

The waste filter rods first pass through sorting equipment. The shape of the holes on the first conveyor belt 11 is rectangular, the length of the holes is 200mm, the width of the holes is 200mm, and the distance between the holes is 10mm. The holes in the second conveyor belt 16 are circular, the diameter of the holes is 15mm, and the distance between the holes is 3mm. After sorting, the filter rods above the conveyor belt account for 0.5 ton of long strips, and the filter rods below the conveyor belt account for 9.5 tons of the total weight.

The filter stick strip is cut, and the cutting length is designed to be 110mm. The filter stick with the length of 100-120mm after cutting has 400kg, the filter stick with the length of less than 100mm has 100kg, and the filter stick with the length of more than 120mm does not exist.

And soaking the sorted and cut qualified filter rods for 2 times at a hot water temperature of 80 ℃ for 10min within a range of 1/3-2/3 of the height of the water surface away from the bottom of the pool. After the first treatment, the removal rate of lap joint glue, middle line glue, plasticizer, gel and exploded beads is more than 95%, and the removal rate of particles is more than 30%; after the second treatment, the removal rate of lap joint glue, middle line glue, plasticizer, gel and exploded beads is over 99.9 percent, and the removal rate of particles is over 50 percent.

And (3) extruding, rubbing and dehydrating the waste filter stick after 2 times of hot water soaking treatment. The surface bulges of the extruding and rubbing pair rollers are semi-elliptical, the height of the bulges is 10mm, the distribution distance of the bulges is 20mm, and the rotating speeds of the pair rollers are respectively 200r/mim and 250r/mim. The water content of the extruded and dehydrated material is 50%, the paper removing rate is 20%, and the particle removing rate reaches 70%.

And after squeezing, rubbing and dehydrating the waste filter stick, and centrifuging to remove paper. The centrifugal roller is riveted with a cuboid with the length of 10mm, the height of 10mm and the rear length of 5mm, and the rotating speed of the centrifugal roller is 500r/mim. After the materials are subjected to centrifugal paper removal, the paper removal rate and the particle removal rate reach over 95 percent.

And (3) centrifugally removing the waste filter rods, and then feeding the waste filter rods into a negative pressure conveying belt, wherein the negative pressure vacuum is 1kpa, the punching diameter of the conveying belt is 3mm, and the punching distance of the conveying belt is 3mm. Through negative pressure treatment, the paper removal rate and the particle removal rate of the waste filter stick reach 99%.

And (3) delivering the waste filter stick into a hot air drying system after negative pressure treatment, and controlling the moisture of the material to be 6-8%, the air speed of hot air to be 1.5m/s and the temperature of the hot air to be 130 ℃. The material after hot air drying is basically odorless.

The dried waste acetate fiber is sent into a material winnowing machine, the aperture of an air inlet hole of the winnowing machine is 1mm, the hole gap is 2mm, the inlet air pressure is 1.5KPa, the hole diameter of a separation clapboard is 3mm, the hole gap is 3mm, and the negative pressure vacuum of an air outlet is 1KPa. After the material is winnowed, the paper removing rate and the particle removing rate are more than 99.9 percent, and the material has no peculiar smell. The material is recovered to obtain 8 tons, and the total time is 10 hours.

800kg of the material after air separation is taken, acetone is used for dissolving to prepare 10000kg, and acetone solution passes through screens of 20 meshes, 60 meshes and 120 meshes in sequence, so that 0.5kg of foreign matters are totally filtered and removed, wherein the foreign matters are mainly wire rods and fine fibers. 1700kg of cellulose diacetate acetate tablets for production and a proper amount of auxiliary agent are added into the filtrate to prepare the spinning solution. The spinning solution is used for preparing 2.3 tons of 2.7Y/30000 cigarette tows according to a normal production process. The tow is used for cigarettes of a certain brand, and the cigarette parameters, the smoke indexes and the smoking quality of the tow are not influenced by comparison.

In addition, the material at the outlet of the winnowing machine is taken, crushed to 3-5mm by a crusher, matched with softwood and manila hemp fibers, and prepared into dry paper by adopting an air-laid process. The dry process paper filter stick made of the recycled waste filter stick fiber has the characteristics of stable weight and stable suction resistance, simultaneously the appearance of the dry process paper filter stick reaches the level of a common acetate fiber filter stick, and the dry process paper filter stick applied to cigarettes has the effects of improving the smoking quality, reducing tar and harm and selectively adsorbing phenol.

Taking the material at the outlet of the winnowing machine, crushing the material to 1-2mm by a crusher, and matching the crushed material with softwood pulp or manila hemp pulp to manufacture the filter material meeting the requirements of the paper filter stick. The paper filter stick made of recycled waste filter stick fiber is applied to cigarettes, and has the effects of improving smoking quality, reducing tar and harm and selectively adsorbing phenol.

Claims

1. A method for recovering discarded filter sticks of cigarettes is characterized by comprising the following 11 steps: screening, feeding, cutting into long strips, soaking in hot water, squeezing, twisting and dehydrating, centrifugally removing paper, removing paper under negative pressure, drying by hot air, winnowing, dissolving, filtering, removing impurities, preparing a spinning solution, and preparing tows;

3) Hot water soaking, namely, soaking the filter rod materials which are qualified in the screening in the step 1) and the cut filter rod materials in the step 2) in hot water to remove lap glue, middle line glue, a plasticizer, an oil agent, gel, exploded beads, particles, essence and spice impurities and simultaneously make paper fall off;

6) Negative pressure paper removal, namely conveying the material obtained in the step 5) into a negative pressure conveying belt, wherein the paper balls or paper blocks and small-sized impurities are removed under the action of vacuum suction force because the size of the paper balls or paper blocks is far smaller than that of the acetate fiber rods and the air permeability of the paper balls or paper blocks is not as good as that of the acetate fiber rods;

8) Removing impurities by air separation, namely conveying the material in the step 7) into an air separator, and further removing fine and light-density foreign matters and volatile odor molecules, wherein the fine and light-density foreign matters are broken paper fibers and broken particle scraps;

9) Dissolving, filtering and removing impurities, dissolving the material obtained in the step 8) by using acetone, and removing impurities by three-stage filtration;

11 Preparing tows, and preparing the cigarette tows through the spinning solution in the step 10) by adopting a tow production process.

2. The method for recycling the waste cigarette filter sticks according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), an upper conveyor belt and a lower conveyor belt are used for conveying materials, and the slit distribution between the two conveyor belts and the length, width and interval of the slits are controlled to realize the screening of unqualified filter sticks and unseparated waste cigarette filter stick strips while conveying the materials.

3. The method for recycling the waste filter sticks of the cigarettes according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the non-slit waste filter stick strips of the cigarettes screened in the step 1) are cut to regulate materials, so that the length of the waste filter sticks is less than or equal to 300mm, and the cut length is 80-300mm.

4. The method for recovering the waste filter sticks of cigarettes according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), a circulating water system is adopted for hot water soaking, the circulating mode is that water enters from the bottom and exits from the top, and the water circulating speed is 10-50% of the water storage capacity per hour; the temperature of hot water is 50-100 ℃; the soaking time of the materials is 5 to 20 minutes.

5. The method for recycling the waste filter sticks of the cigarettes according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), a pair-roller extruder is adopted for squeezing, kneading and dewatering, the pair rollers are longitudinally distributed and rotate in opposite directions, and the rotating speed difference of the two rollers is 5-50% of the speed of the roller with the lowest rotating speed so as to control the squeezing and kneading force; the roller rotating speed and the roller spacing can be adjusted to control the moisture of the material to be 45-55%, and the excessive moisture or partial paper balls or paper blocks can flow out along the lower roller.

6. The method for recycling the waste filter rods of the cigarettes according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the rotating speed of the centrifugal roller is 200-2000 rpm.

7. The method for recycling the waste filter sticks of the cigarettes according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6), the negative pressure conveyor belt is a perforated stainless steel conveyor belt, the negative pressure vacuum below the negative pressure conveyor belt is 0.5 to 3kpa, and the vacuum suction force is applied to the materials on the negative pressure conveyor belt through the holes.

8. The method for recycling the waste filter sticks of the cigarettes according to claim 1, wherein in the step 7), the moisture content of the materials is controlled to be less than or equal to 15%, the temperature of hot air is 80-150 ℃, and the wind speed of the hot air is 1.0-2.0m/s; in the step 8), the material after the step 7) passes through a winnowing machine from top to bottom, and under the action of wind force, fine and light-density foreign matters and volatile odor molecules enter an air draft dust removal system.

9. The method for recycling the waste filter rod of the cigarette according to claim 1, wherein in the step 9), the acetone is dissolved, and the material concentration is 1-25%.

10. The method for recycling the waste filter stick of the cigarette according to claim 1, wherein in the step 10), the material obtained in the step 9) is used for preparing the spinning solution, and the proportion of the recycled material for replacing cellulose diacetate for production is 5-100%.