CN113814473B

CN113814473B - Deep hole reamer

Info

Publication number: CN113814473B
Application number: CN202111404256.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄清波; 王洪彪; 邓杨全; 沈善忠; 俞高杰; 邵纪东
Original assignee: Zhejiang Huashuo Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Huashuo Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-24
Filing date: 2021-11-24
Publication date: 2022-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-24
Also published as: CN113814473A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of deep hole processing cutters, and provides a deep hole reamer which comprises: a knife handle; the cutter head is arranged at one end of the cutter handle, three main cutting knives are arranged on the side wall of the cutter head, a main cutting edge is arranged on each main cutting knife, an arc-shaped boss connected with the main cutting edge is arranged at the bottom of each main cutting knife, the width of the boss in the radial direction of the cutter head is equal to the single-side machining allowance of a deep hole to be machined, the middle position of the boss is the lowest, and the two sides of the boss are symmetrically arranged relative to the middle position of the boss. Compared with the prior art, the deep hole cutting tool has the advantages that the arc-shaped bulges arranged adjacent to the main cutting edges are arranged at the bottom of the main cutting tool, so that the radial force of the inner wall of the deep hole to the tool is counteracted through the arc-shaped bulges in the precise comparison process, and the purposes of reducing the vibration of the tool and increasing the processing precision are achieved.

Description

Deep hole reamer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of deep hole machining tools, in particular to a deep hole reamer.

Background

Deep hole machining refers to machining holes with the diameter ratio of the length of the hole to the diameter of the hole larger than 6, the depth-diameter ratio L/d of the general deep holes is more than or equal to 100 under most conditions, such as oil cylinder holes, axial oil holes of shafts, hollow spindle holes, hydraulic valve holes and the like, in the holes, the machining precision and the surface quality are required to be high, and the cutting machinability of some machined materials is poor, so that the deep hole machining is often a great difficulty in production.

In order to ensure the precision of deep hole machining, the traditional process mostly adopts the process methods of drilling, rough reaming and finish reaming after rough reaming, small machining allowance is reserved for a finish reamer usually for ensuring the precision of deep hole machining after rough reaming, but the common finish reamer can vibrate under the influence of radial force of the inner wall of a deep hole due to overlong suspension depth of a cutter and the feeding process of the cutter in the deep hole machining process, and the cutter vibration can scratch the hole wall to finally cause the precision of the deep hole not to meet the use requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a deep hole reamer aiming at the current situation of the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: it is proposed a deep hole reamer comprising:

a knife handle;

the cutter head, its setting is in the one end of handle of a knife, be equipped with three main cutting sword on the lateral wall of cutter head, every all be equipped with the main cutting edge on the main cutting sword, and every main cutting sword bottom all be equipped with the convex boss that the main cutting edge links to each other, the boss along the radial direction's of cutter head width equals the unilateral processing allowance of deep hole that will process, the intermediate position of boss is minimum, just the boss both sides for the intermediate position symmetry of boss sets up.

In the above deep hole reamer, the cross section of the boss is composed of a central arc and two tangent lines respectively tangent to two ends of the arc.

In the deep hole reamer, the side wall of the cutter head is provided with three chip grooves at intervals, the main cutting tool is detachably arranged on the side wall of the chip grooves, the maximum depth of each chip groove on the cutter head is larger than the thickness of the main cutting tool, and round corners are arranged between the side wall and the bottom surface of each chip groove.

In the deep hole reamer, the auxiliary cutting knife is arranged between every two adjacent main cutting knives, the surface of each auxiliary cutting knife is provided with the abutting surface arranged along the vertical direction, and the abutting surface and the bottom surface of each auxiliary cutting knife are provided with the chamfers.

The deep hole reamer also comprises through holes penetrating through the reamer handle, a water outlet communicated with the through holes is formed in each chip groove, and the water outlet faces the main cutting knife.

In the above deep hole reamer, the cross section of the through hole is triangular.

In the deep-hole reamer, the tool bit is internally provided with a supporting block which is propped against the inner wall of the through hole.

Compared with the prior art, the invention mainly has the following advantages:

(1) the bottom of the main cutting knife is provided with an arc-shaped bulge which is arranged adjacent to the main cutting edge, and the radial force of the inner wall of the deep hole to the cutting tool is counteracted through the arc-shaped bulge in the finish reaming process, so that the aims of reducing the vibration of the cutting tool and increasing the processing precision are fulfilled;

(2) due to the arrangement of the tangent lines in the section of the boss, the bottom surface of the main cutting knife can be relatively flat, the two tangent lines can be protected by arc transition, and the phenomenon that the main cutting knife jumps due to the thrust in the direction of the machining allowance in the cutting process is prevented;

(3) two sides of the abutting-against surface can support the inner wall of the deep hole, so that the vibration of a workpiece can be effectively prevented during deep hole machining, and the machining precision is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a deep hole reamer of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a deep hole reamer of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a deep hole reamer main cutter of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the prior art cutting edge with a 0.2mm edge fillet of the main cutting edge;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the prior art cutting edge with a 0.1mm edge fillet of the main cutting edge;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3 at A in accordance with a preferred embodiment;

in the figure, 1, a knife handle; 2. a cutter head; 3. a chip groove; 4. a main cutting blade; 5. a boss; 6. a secondary cutting blade; 7. a through hole; 8. a water outlet; 9. a support block; 10. a butting surface; 11. and (4) rounding.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 6, the deep hole reamer of the present invention comprises: a knife handle 1; the cutter head 2 is arranged at one end of the cutter handle 1, three main cutting knives 4 are arranged on the side wall of the cutter head 2, a main cutting edge is arranged on the side wall of each main cutting knife 4, a boss 5 connected with the main cutting edge is arranged at the bottom of each main cutting knife 4, the width of the boss 5 in the radial direction of the cutter head is equal to the machining allowance of a single side of a deep hole to be machined, the middle position of the boss 5 is the lowest, and the two sides of the boss 5 are symmetrically arranged relative to the middle position of the boss 5.

The reamer mainly bears the reverse thrust generated by the hole wall in the deep hole machining process, and as the main cutting edge of a common finish reamer and the bottom of the reamer are generally provided with round corners for preventing the knife edge from collapsing, the reverse thrust of the machining allowance on the reamer can act on the round corners along the radial direction of the reamer and decompose the direction thrust acting on the round corners, as shown in figure 4, when the round corners are R0.2 and the unilateral finish machining allowance of the deep hole is 0.1mm, the radial stress of the main cutting edge in the deep hole is 1.73 times of the axial stress, and the suspension depth of the reamer is longer, so the reamer can generate larger vibration in the machining process; as shown in fig. 5, when the fillet is 0.1 and the single-sided finishing allowance of the deep hole is 0.1mm, the radial stress of the main cutting edge in the deep hole is equal to the axial stress, but the reamer still inevitably generates vibration because the suspension depth of the reamer is long; as shown in fig. 6, after the boss 5 connected with the main cutting edge and having a symmetrical structure is added at the bottom of the reamer, when the single margin of deep hole machining is 0.1mm, the width of the selected boss 5 is 0.1, when the reamer machines the inner wall of the deep hole, the middle position of the boss 5 is at the middle position of the margin of the inner wall of the deep hole, when the main cutting tool 4 rotates, two opposite forces are applied in the radial direction of the deep hole reamer with the middle position of the boss 5 as a boundary, the first radial force is directed to the middle position of the boss 5 from the machined inner wall along the radial direction of the deep hole reamer, the first radial force is generated by the thrust of half of the machining margin far from the axial direction of the deep hole reamer to the main cutting edge, the second radial force is directed to the middle position of the boss 5 from the inner wall of the deep hole before machining, the second radial force is generated by the thrust of the other half of the machining margin close to the axial direction of the deep hole reamer to the main cutting edge, because the both sides width of boss 5 equals and also equals with the distance of the intermediate position of boss 5 to machining allowance both sides, so these two radial force that the opposite direction is the same and offset each other, then the deep hole inner wall can not transmit to tool bit 2 to the deep hole reamer reaction force that produces in the radial direction of deep hole reamer, so even the depth of overhang of reamer is long again, deep hole reamer can not take place vibrations in the course of working.

As shown in fig. 6, the cross section of the boss 5 is composed of a central circular arc and two tangent lines respectively tangent to two ends of the circular arc, the two tangent lines are arranged to make the bottom surface of the main cutting blade smoother, and the two tangent lines are in arc transition to protect the main cutting blade, so as to prevent the main cutting blade from jumping due to the thrust in the direction of the machining allowance during the cutting process.

As shown in fig. 1, three chip flutes 3 are arranged on the side wall of the tool bit 2 at intervals, the main cutting blade 4 is detachably arranged on the side wall of the chip flutes 3, the maximum depth of each chip flute 3 on the tool bit 2 is larger than the thickness of the main cutting blade, and a round angle 11 is arranged between the side wall and the bottom surface of each chip flute 3.

The chip groove 3 is arranged to cut and discharge the tool bit 2 well when the main cutting edge cuts the inner wall of the deep hole, thereby reducing the influence of chips on the main cutting edge, when the maximum depth of the chip groove 3 on the tool bit 2 is larger than the thickness of the main cutting tool 4 and a fillet 11 is arranged between the side wall and the bottom surface of the chip groove 3, the main cutting tool 4 cuts the machining allowance from the inner wall of the deep hole, the cut allowance can be along the fillet 11 discharge reamer, thus, the influence of the chips on the machining accuracy of the inner wall of the deep hole can be well eliminated, three main cutting tools 4 arranged on the tool bit 2 form a stable triangle in the radial direction of the tool bit 2, the stability of the reamer can be enhanced, and the occurrence of the cutter shaking condition is further reduced.

As shown in fig. 1, a secondary cutting blade 6 is disposed between every two adjacent main cutting blades 4, a top abutting surface 10 is disposed on the surface of the secondary cutting blade 6 along the vertical direction, and chamfers are disposed on the top abutting surface 10 and the bottom surface of the secondary cutting blade 6.

Set up vice cutting sword 6 between two adjacent main cutting sword 4, when the deep hole reamer rotated, main cutting sword 4 cut the inner wall of deep hole, then vice cutting sword 6 removed along the cutting orbit, when vice cutting sword 6 removed along the cutting orbit, two sides along vertical direction of top surface 10 can play the supporting role to the inner wall of deep hole, during deep hole machining, can effectually prevent the vibrations of work piece, improve the machining precision, when vice cutting sword 6 removed along the cutting orbit simultaneously, can smooth out the cutting plane for the pore wall is more smooth, the pore wall machining precision is higher, top surface 10 can prevent to top surface 10 and the condition that vice cutting sword 6 takes place the spring when the deep hole inner wall supports the top surface 10 with the chamfer that the bottom of vice cutting sword 6 set up.

As shown in fig. 2, the deep hole reamer of the present invention further includes through holes 7 penetrating through the holder 1, and each flute 3 is provided with a drainage port 8 communicating with the through hole 7, the drainage port 8 facing the main cutter 4.

During operation, cutting fluid flows into the through hole 7 from the upper end of the deep hole reamer, the water outlet 8 is arranged right opposite to the main cutting knife 4, so that the lubricating effect of the cutting fluid flowing out of the water outlet 8 on the main cutting knife 4 is better, heat generated during deep hole cutting can be taken away by the cutting fluid, and the service life of the main cutting knife 4 is prevented from being influenced by overhigh temperature in the deep hole.

As shown in fig. 1, the cross section of the through hole 7 is triangular, and the triangular through hole 7 structure can further increase the stability of the deep hole reamer structure.

As shown in fig. 2, the inside of the cutter head 2 is provided with a supporting block 9 abutting against the inner wall of the through hole 7, and the supporting block 9 can make the cutting fluid flowing into the through hole 7 flow out from the water outlet 8 more easily, and can also support the cutter head 2, thereby enhancing the structural strength of the cutter head 2.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly. Moreover, descriptions of the present invention as relating to "first," "second," "a," etc. are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit ly indicating a number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise. In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the described embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as defined by the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. A deep hole reamer, comprising:

a knife handle;

the cutter head is arranged at one end of the cutter handle, three main cutting knives are arranged on the side wall of the cutter head, each main cutting knife is provided with a main cutting edge, the bottom of each main cutting knife is provided with a boss connected with the main cutting edge, the width of the boss along the radial direction of the cutter head is equal to the single-side machining allowance of a deep hole to be machined, the middle position of the boss is the lowest, and two sides of the boss are symmetrically arranged relative to the middle position of the boss; the cross section of the boss consists of a central circular arc and two tangent lines respectively tangent to the two ends of the circular arc.

2. The deep hole reamer of claim 1 wherein three flutes are spaced apart on the side wall of said cutter head, said primary cutters are removably mounted on the side walls of said flutes, the maximum depth of each said flute on said cutter head is greater than the thickness of said primary cutter and a fillet is provided between the side wall and the bottom surface of said flute.

3. The deep hole reamer of claim 1 wherein a secondary cutting edge is disposed between each two adjacent primary cutting edges, said secondary cutting edge having a top abutment surface disposed in a vertical direction, said top abutment surface and said secondary cutting edge having a chamfer on a bottom surface thereof.

4. The reamer of claim 2 further comprising through holes extending through the shank, each flute having a drainage opening therein communicating with the through hole, the drainage opening facing the primary cutter.

5. The reamer of claim 4 wherein the cross-section of the through-bore is triangular.

6. The reamer of claim 4 wherein said cutting head has support blocks therein for abutting against the inner wall of said bore.