Pelvis repositor and use method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a pelvis restorer and a using method thereof.
Background
The pelvis structure is formed by connecting the left and right hip bones, the sacrum and the coccyx through bones, when the pelvis of a human body is accidentally collided, the pelvis is fractured, gaps and other injuries can be generated between the left and right hip bones and the sacrum, the bleeding phenomenon can be generated under serious conditions, the life is threatened, and the hemostasis treatment needs to be performed in time.
At present, when the first aid is clinically treated, the hip of a patient is generally bound and fixed by utilizing a binding band, so that the pelvis is stabilized, a large amount of blood loss is avoided, then the patient goes to a hospital and is treated, when the treatment is carried out, two bone nails are generally required to be nailed on two sides of the pelvis, then the pelvis is reset and fixed by clamping the bone nails on the two sides by a C-shaped pelvis external fixing frame, and then the doctor can conveniently carry out the next treatment. For example, patent No. CN 205493973U: a pelvic ring forceps for temporary fixation and the patent with the publication number CN 204379421U: the utility model provides a special guider of pelvis, all adopt the bone nail of centre gripping both sides to fix the pelvis that resets in above patent, this kind of pelvis positioner has following shortcoming: 1. the application scene is single, and the application cannot be applied to emergency hemostasis treatment; 2. after the pelvis is positioned, fine adjustment cannot be carried out, so that the pelvis is reset and pressurized inaccurately; 3. the two end parts of the C-shaped pelvis external fixing frame are not 360-degree movable and adjustable, so that when the C-shaped pelvis external fixing frame clamps bone nails, the bone nails can be deviated, and the resetting accuracy of the pelvis is influenced.
Accordingly, there is a need for improvements and optimizations to existing pelvic repositioners.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a pelvis reduction device which has reasonable structural design, can improve the pelvis reduction accuracy and can meet the requirements of two scenes of emergency treatment and an operating room, and a using method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a pelvis restorer comprises a left fixing frame and a right fixing frame which are connected together through an opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism, wherein the opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the opening angle of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame; the method is characterized in that: the end parts of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame are both connected with a ball head universal rod, wherein the end part of the right fixing frame is connected with the ball head universal rod through a propulsion adjusting mechanism; an outer sleeve is fixedly arranged at the end part of the ball head universal rod; the outer sleeve is used for mounting an inner sleeve of a bone nail or a pressure plate assembly, the inner sleeve of the bone nail is used for clamping the bone nail, the pressure plate assembly comprises a pressure plate and a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the pressure plate; when the bone nail inner sleeve is installed, the bone nail inner sleeve is detachably installed in the outer sleeve; when the pressing plate assembly is installed, one side of the pressing plate faces towards the pelvis of a human body and is used for pushing the side of the pelvis, and the connecting shaft fixedly connected with the other side of the pressing plate is detachably connected with the outer sleeve; the pushing and adjusting mechanism is used for enabling the ball head universal rod on one side to approach the ball head universal rod on the other side to drive the bone nails or the pressing plate components on the two sides to finely adjust and pressurize the pelvis, or is used for enabling the ball head universal rod on one side to be far away from the ball head universal rod on the other side to drive the bone nails or the pressing plate components on the two sides to release the fine adjustment and pressurization to the pelvis.
Preferably, the opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism comprises a first connecting seat, a second connecting seat, a short shaft and a locking connecting piece; the first connecting seat is fixedly connected with the right fixing frame, and the second connecting seat is fixedly connected with the left fixing frame; the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat can be rotatably connected through a short shaft, wherein the short shaft is fixedly connected with the first connecting seat, and fluted disc structures with meshed teeth are arranged on the inner sides of the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat; the locking connecting piece is respectively connected with the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat, the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat are used for enabling the second connecting seat to move axially along the short shaft, and then the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat are locked or unlocked.
Preferably, the locking connection comprises a knob, a rotation shaft and a spring; one end of the rotating shaft is in threaded connection with the first connecting seat, the other end of the rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through the short shaft and the second connecting seat and then is fixedly connected with the knob, and the rotating shaft is in clearance fit connection with the second connecting seat; the spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the spring abuts against the inner side of the first connecting seat, and the other end of the spring abuts against the inner side of the second connecting seat; the knob is used for rotating the rotating shaft to enable the second connecting seat to move axially along the short shaft.
Preferably, the ball head universal rod comprises a ball head rod, a ball head seat and a locking rotary cover; the upper end of a ball head seat in the ball head universal rod on the left side is fixedly connected with the left fixing frame, the upper end of the ball head seat in the ball head universal rod on the right side is connected with the propelling and adjusting mechanism, and the propelling and adjusting mechanism is connected with the right fixing frame; the locking rotary cover is connected with the ball head seat through internal and external threads, and the locking rotary cover is used for rotatably and adjustably mounting the ball head rod on the ball head seat; the lower end of the ball head rod is fixedly connected with the outer sleeve.
Preferably, the outer sleeve is fixedly arranged at the end part of the ball-head universal rod in a posture that the axis of the outer sleeve is vertical to the axis of the ball-head universal rod; the bottom of the outer sleeve is provided with a thread through hole, a locking screw is arranged in the thread through hole, the middle part of the front side surface of the outer sleeve is provided with an axial outer sleeve opening, a positioning screw is arranged on the inner wall surface of the outer sleeve opposite to the outer sleeve opening, and the end part of the positioning screw extends into the inner cavity of the outer sleeve.
Preferably, the middle part of the front side surface of the inner sleeve of the bone nail is provided with an axial inner sleeve opening, the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve of the bone nail, which is opposite to the inner sleeve opening, is provided with an axial through groove, and the bottom of the inner sleeve of the bone nail is provided with a through hole for locking; when the bone nail inner sleeve is arranged in the outer sleeve, the opening of the inner sleeve corresponds to the opening of the outer sleeve, the end part of the positioning screw extends into the through groove, and the end part of the locking screw extends into the through hole for locking.
Preferably, a circle of circumferential positioning steps and a circle of circumferential positioning grooves are arranged on the connecting shaft; when the connecting shaft is connected with the outer sleeve, part of the connecting shaft is inserted into the outer sleeve, the positioning step abuts against the end face of the outer sleeve, and the end part of the locking screw abuts against the bottom face of the positioning groove.
Preferably, the propelling and adjusting mechanism comprises a screw rod, a screw rod mounting seat, a guide block and a cover plate; the guide block is fixedly connected with the end part of the right fixing frame; the two screw rod mounting seats are respectively mounted at the left end and the right end of the guide block, the screw rods are supported and mounted by the two screw rod mounting seats, and one end of each screw rod penetrates out of the screw rod mounting seat and then is connected with a screw rod rotation operating piece; the right ball head universal rod is in threaded transmission connection with the screw rod; a first dovetail groove is formed in the front side face and the rear side face of the guide block; the two cover plates are connected to the front side and the rear side of the guide block in a sliding mode, and a dovetail-shaped convex strip I matched with the dovetail groove I is arranged on the inner side of each cover plate; the cover plate is fixedly connected with the ball head universal rod on the right side.
Preferably, the lead screw rotation operating part adopts a handle or a hand wheel, and the end of the lead screw, which is used for being connected with the handle or the hand wheel, adopts a hexagonal shaft structure.
Preferably, the left end face and the right end face of the guide block are provided with a vertical dovetail-shaped convex strip II, the inner side of the screw rod installation seat is provided with a vertical dovetail groove II, the dovetail-shaped convex strip II is matched with the dovetail groove II, the front side face and the rear side face of the screw rod installation seat are provided with a transverse dovetail groove III, the cross section sizes of the dovetail groove III and the dovetail groove I are consistent, and when the screw rod installation seat and the guide block are installed together, the dovetail groove III is in butt joint with the dovetail groove I.
Preferably, the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame are both arc-shaped and symmetrical in structure.
The invention also provides a using method of the pelvis restorer, which comprises an emergency scene using method and an operating room scene using method.
The emergency scene using method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the opening angle of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame is adjusted to be maximum through the opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism;
the second step is that: installing a pressing plate assembly, and connecting the pressing plate assembly and the outer sleeve together;
the third step: placing the pelvis restorer on the human body, and enabling the pressure plate components to be positioned at the two sides of the pelvis of the human body;
the fourth step: the opening angle of the left fixing frame and the opening angle of the right fixing frame are adjusted through the opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism, so that the opening and closing angles are matched with the width of the pelvis of a human body;
the fifth step: the posture of the pressing plate assembly is adjusted through the ball head universal rod, so that a pressing plate in the pressing plate assembly is attached to the two sides of the pelvis of the human body;
and a sixth step: and the pushing and adjusting mechanism is used for pushing the right pressing plate assembly to move leftwards and finely adjust, so that the pelvis is finely adjusted and pressurized.
The operating room scene using method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: bone nails are nailed at the two sides of the human pelvis, and the opening angle of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame is roughly adjusted through the opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism so as to be matched with the width of the human pelvis;
the second step is that: installing the inner sleeve of the bone nail in the outer sleeve;
the third step: the pelvis restorer is placed on a human body, the posture of the outer sleeve is adjusted through the ball universal rod, and the bone nail is inserted into the bone nail inner sleeve;
the fourth step: the opening angle of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame is finely adjusted through the opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism, so that the bone nails are clamped by the bone nail inner sleeves on the two sides;
the fifth step: the pushing adjusting mechanism is used for pushing the bone nails on the right side to move leftwards and finely adjust, so that the pelvis is finely adjusted and clamped.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the pelvis restorer has not single function, the outer sleeve can be used for installing the bone nail inner sleeve and can also be used for connecting the pressing plate assembly, the pelvis restorer provided with the bone nail inner sleeve meets the use scene of an operating room, the pelvis restorer provided with the pressing plate assembly meets the use scene of first aid, the pressing plate assemblies on two sides are utilized to stabilize the pelvis, a large amount of blood loss is avoided, and the first aid efficiency is greatly improved;
2. after the pelvis restorer is fixed on a patient, the pressurizing plate or the bone nail contacted with the patient and the outer sleeve can be adjusted in a rotating way, and the outer sleeve is connected to the left fixing frame or the right fixing frame through the ball head universal rod, so that the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame can be turned over and freely placed above or below the pelvis of the patient under the condition that the pressurizing is not loosened, the abdomen and the thighs are completely exposed, and other operations are not influenced;
3. the opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism adopts the engagement or disengagement of a two-fluted disc structure to realize the opening and closing angle adjustment of the left and right fixing frames and the locking after the adjustment in place, and has simple and reasonable structural design and high reliability;
4. the middle part of the front side surface of the outer sleeve is provided with an outer sleeve opening, a positioning screw is arranged on the inner wall surface of the outer sleeve opposite to the outer sleeve opening, the middle part of the front side surface of the bone nail inner sleeve is provided with an inner sleeve opening, the outer wall surface of the bone nail inner sleeve opposite to the inner sleeve opening is provided with an axial through groove, and the bottom of the bone nail inner sleeve is provided with a through hole for locking; when the bone nail inner sleeve is arranged in the outer sleeve, the end part of the positioning screw extends into the through groove to limit the circumferential rotation of the bone nail inner sleeve, so that the opening of the inner sleeve corresponds to the opening of the outer sleeve, the subsequent bone nail clamping is convenient, and in addition, the end part of the locking screw extends into the through hole for locking to limit the axial movement of the bone nail inner sleeve and prevent the axial movement;
5. a circle of circumferential positioning steps and a circle of circumferential positioning grooves are arranged on a connecting shaft in the pressure plate assembly; when the pressing plate assembly is connected with the outer sleeve, part of the connecting shaft is inserted into the outer sleeve, when the positioning step abuts against the end face of the outer sleeve, the positioning groove is in positive correspondence with the locking screw, and then the end part of the locking screw abuts against the groove bottom face of the positioning groove, so that the installation of the pressing plate assembly is completed;
6. after the pelvis restorer is fixed on a patient, the pushing adjusting mechanism is finally utilized to push the pressurizing plate or bone nails on one side to the other side for a short distance to pressurize, so that the pelvis restorer is more suitable for fine adjustment of the pelvis with different sizes, the resetting and pressurizing are more accurate, and the pushing is clinically shown to be not more than 5cm so as to avoid the pelvis breakage due to pressurizing transition;
7. in the propulsion adjusting mechanism, a ball head universal rod is driven to move manually by utilizing the principle of screw transmission, the movement of the ball head universal rod is accurately guided by utilizing a guide block and a cover plate, a first dovetail groove is formed in the front side surface and the rear side surface of the guide block, a first dovetail-shaped convex strip matched with the first dovetail groove is arranged on the inner side of the cover plate, the cover plate is ensured to move stably by the matching of the first dovetail groove and the first dovetail-shaped convex strip, and the movement accuracy is high;
8. the guide block is provided with two vertical dovetail-shaped convex strips on the left end face and the right end face of the guide block, the inner side of the screw rod mounting seat is provided with two vertical dovetail grooves, the two dovetail-shaped convex strips are matched with the two dovetail grooves, when the guide block is specifically assembled, the screw rod is firstly mounted on the two screw rod mounting seats, then the screw rod mounting seats are matched with the two dovetail-shaped convex strips through the two dovetail grooves and the two dovetail-shaped convex strips, and the guide block is finally fastened by bolts, so that the guide block is convenient to mount and high in precision.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 to 6 show the pelvis reduction device with the pressing plate assembly installed in the embodiment, and the screw rotation operation part adopts a handle.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another schematic perspective view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic rear view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a left side view structural diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view of fig. 3.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is an expanded view of the opening/closing angle adjusting mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an expanded view of the propulsion adjustment mechanism (a hand wheel is used as the screw rotation operating member) in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is an expanded view of the ball-and-socket joint on the left side in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a front view of the inner sleeve of the bone screw in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 12.
Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the bone screw inner cannula mounted to the outer cannula.
Description of reference numerals:
an opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism 1; a left fixing frame 2; a right fixing frame 3; a ball head universal rod 4; an outer sleeve 5; an inner bone nail sleeve 6; a platen assembly 7; a propulsion adjustment mechanism 8;
a first connecting seat 11; a second connecting seat 12; a knob 13; a rotating shaft 14; a spring 15; a short shaft 16;
a fluted disc structure 110; a mounting hole 111; a nut 112;
a ball rod 41; a ball cup 42; a locking screw cap 43; a threaded hole 421;
a threaded through hole 51; a locking screw 52; an outer sleeve opening 53; a set screw 54;
an inner sleeve opening 61; a through groove 62; a through hole 63 for locking;
a pressing plate 71; a connecting shaft 72; a positioning step 721; a positioning groove 722;
a screw rod 81; a screw rod mounting seat 82; a guide block 83; a cover plate 84;
a second dovetail groove 821; a dovetail groove III 822;
a dovetail groove I831; a second dovetail convex strip 832; a dovetail shaped convex strip 841;
a handle 91; a handwheel 92.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples are given.
See fig. 1-14.
The embodiment discloses a pelvis restorer which comprises a left fixing frame 2, a right fixing frame 3, a ball head universal rod 4, an outer sleeve 5, a bone nail inner sleeve 6 and a pressure plate assembly 7.
In this embodiment, left mount 2 and right mount 3 all are the arc, and the structure symmetry, the material adopts the titanium alloy material that intensity is high, matter is light, and both link together through opening and shutting angle adjustment mechanism 1, and opening and shutting angle adjustment mechanism 1 is used for adjusting the angle of opening of left mount 2 and right mount 3, makes the pelvis restorer be used for the patient of different pelvis sizes.
Specifically, the opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism 1 includes a first connecting seat 11, a second connecting seat 12, a short shaft 16 and a locking connecting piece. The first connecting seat 11 is fixedly connected with the right fixing frame 3 through a screw, and the second connecting seat 12 is fixedly connected with the left fixing frame 2 through a screw; the first connecting seat 11 and the second connecting seat 12 can be rotatably connected through a short shaft 16, wherein the short shaft 16 is fixedly connected with the first connecting seat 11 through a screw, and fluted disc structures 110 with meshing teeth are arranged on the inner sides of the first connecting seat 11 and the second connecting seat 12. The locking connecting pieces are respectively connected with the first connecting seat 11 and the second connecting seat 12, the connecting seat 12 can axially move along the short shaft 16, and then the first connecting seat 11 and the second connecting seat 12 are locked or unlocked, when the connecting seat 11 and the second connecting seat 12 are locked, meshing teeth of the fluted disc structures 110 on the first connecting seat 11 and the second connecting seat 12 are meshed and connected, and when the connecting seat is unlocked, the meshing teeth of the fluted disc structures 110 on the first connecting seat 11 and the second connecting seat 12 are disengaged.
Further, in the present embodiment, the locking link includes a knob 13, a rotation shaft 14, and a spring 15; a mounting hole 111 is formed in the first connecting seat 11, a nut 112 is mounted in the mounting hole 111 in an interference fit mode, an external thread is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 14 and connected with the nut 112, the other end of the rotating shaft 14 penetrates through the short shaft 16 and the second connecting seat 12 in sequence and then is fixedly connected with the knob 13, and the rotating shaft 14 is connected with the second connecting seat 12 in a clearance fit mode. The spring 15 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 14, one end of the spring 15 abuts against the inner side of the first connecting seat 11, and the other end of the spring 15 abuts against the inner side of the second connecting seat 12. The knob 13 is used for rotating the rotating shaft 14 to make the second connecting seat 12 move axially along the short shaft 16. During specific operation, an operator rotates the knob 13 in the front direction, rotates the knob 13 counterclockwise, the knob 13 drives the rotating shaft 14 to rotate to screw out a small distance from the nut 112 (the distance can meet the requirement that the meshed teeth of the fluted disc structures 110 on the first connecting seat 11 and the second connecting seat 12 are disengaged), then the second connecting seat 12 can move axially along the short shaft 16 towards the operator under the thrust action of the spring 15, then the meshed teeth of the fluted disc structures 110 on the second connecting seat 12 are disengaged from the meshed teeth of the fluted disc structures 110 on the first connecting seat 11 to complete unlocking, then the operator can freely rotate the left fixing frame 2 to adjust the angle, and the left fixing frame 2 rotates around the axis of the short shaft 16; after the angle is adjusted to a proper position, the knob 13 is rotated clockwise, the knob 13 drives the rotating shaft 14 to rotate and reset, at this time, the knob 13 pushes the connecting seat II 12 to move axially along the short shaft 16 away from an operator, then the meshing teeth of the fluted disc structure 110 on the connecting seat II 12 are meshed with the meshing teeth of the fluted disc structure 110 on the connecting seat I11, locking is completed, and the left fixing frame 2 and the right fixing frame 3 cannot rotate relatively.
In this embodiment, the end portions of the left fixing frame 2 and the right fixing frame 3 are both connected with a ball universal rod 4, and an outer sleeve 5 is installed at the end portion of the ball universal rod 4. The outer cannula 5 is used to mount the bone screw inner cannula 6 or the pressure plate assembly 7. The bone nail inner sleeve 6 is used for clamping bone nails, and the bone nails refer to the prior art. In the embodiment, in order to make the pressurization reset more accurate, a propulsion adjusting mechanism 8 is arranged at the joint of the ball head universal rod 4 on the right side and the right fixing frame 3, and the arrangement mode conforms to the right hand operation habit of most operators.
In this embodiment, the pushing adjustment mechanism 8 is used to make the ball-end universal rod 4 on the right side approach the ball-end universal rod 4 on the left side to drive the bone screws on both sides or the pressing plate assembly 7 to perform fine adjustment and pressurization on the pelvis, so that the device is more suitable for fine adjustment of the pelvis with different sizes, and the resetting and pressurization are more accurate, or the device is used to make the ball-end universal rod 4 on the right side move away from the ball-end universal rod 4 on the left side to drive the bone screws on both sides or the pressing plate assembly 7 to release the fine adjustment and pressurization on the pelvis. In this embodiment, it is clinically shown that the advance of the advance adjustment mechanism 8 should not exceed 5cm in order to avoid pressure transitions that would break the pelvis.
In this embodiment, the bone pin inner cannula 6 and the pressure plate assembly 7 are both removably connected to the outer cannula 5. The pelvis restorer function in this embodiment is not single, installs the pelvis restorer of sleeve pipe 6 in the bone nail and satisfies the use scene of operating room, and the pelvis restorer of installing clamp plate assembly 7 satisfies the first aid and uses the scene, utilizes the clamp plate assembly 7 of both sides to stabilize the pelvis, avoids a large amount of blood losses, has greatly improved first aid efficiency.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the ball-end gimbal 4 includes a ball-end lever 41, a ball-end socket 42, and a locking cap 43; the upper end of the ball head seat 42 in the ball head universal rod 4 on the left side is directly and fixedly connected with the left fixing frame 2 through a screw, the upper end of the ball head seat 42 in the ball head universal rod 4 on the right side is connected with the propelling and adjusting mechanism 8, and the propelling and adjusting mechanism 8 is connected with the right fixing frame 3. The upper end of the ball head seat 42 is fixedly connected with the left fixing frame 2 or the right fixing frame 3, the bottom center of the ball head seat 42 is provided with a ball socket structure matched with the ball head of the ball head rod 41, the outer side of the bottom of the ball head seat 42 is provided with a circle of external threads, the locking screw cap 43 is provided with a central hole, the inner side surface of the central hole is a ball arc surface matched with the ball head of the ball head rod 41, the inner side of the upper part of the locking screw cap 43 is provided with a circle of internal threads, the locking screw cap 43 is connected with the ball head seat 42 through the internal and external threads, and the locking screw cap 43 is used for rotatably and adjustably installing the ball head rod 41 on the ball head seat 42; the lower end of the ball head rod 41 is fixedly connected with the outer sleeve 5.
In this embodiment, when the ball lever 41 is locked, the top of the ball lever 41 is in close contact with the ball and socket structure, and when the ball lever 41 is released, the top of the ball lever 41 is not in contact with the ball and socket structure. In addition, the ball head seat 42 is made of stainless steel, and the ball head rod 41 is made of titanium alloy, so that the two have larger friction force when contacting, and the locking effect of the ball head rod 41 is improved.
In this embodiment, the ball head universal rod 4 is equivalent to a universal joint, and is flexibly and conveniently adjusted, so that the pressing plate assembly 7 can be better attached to the pelvis of a human body, or a bone nail can be better clamped.
In the embodiment, when the bone nail inner sleeve 6 is installed, the bone nail inner sleeve 6 is installed in the outer sleeve 5; when the pressing plate component 7 is installed, one side of the pressing plate component 7 faces towards the pelvis of the human body and is used for pushing the side of the pelvis, and the other side of the pressing plate component 7 is detachably connected with the outer sleeve 5.
Specifically, the outer tube 5 is fixedly attached to the end of the ball bar 41 in a posture in which the axis thereof is perpendicular to the axis of the ball-joint universal bar 4. The bottom of the outer sleeve 5 is provided with a thread through hole 51, a locking screw 52 is arranged in the thread through hole 51, the middle part of the front side surface of the outer sleeve 5 is provided with an axial outer sleeve opening 53, the inner wall surface of the outer sleeve 5 opposite to the outer sleeve opening 53 is provided with a positioning screw 54, and the end part of the positioning screw 54 extends into the inner cavity of the outer sleeve 5. In this embodiment, the front side of the outer sleeve 5 means: the face opposite to the operator when in use.
In this embodiment, the middle of the front side of the inner sleeve 6 of the bone nail is provided with an axial inner sleeve opening 61, the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve 6 of the bone nail opposite to the inner sleeve opening 61 is provided with an axial through groove 62, and the bottom of the inner sleeve 6 of the bone nail is provided with a through hole 63 for locking. When sleeve pipe 6 is installed in outer tube 5 in the bone nail, interior sleeve pipe opening 61 and outer tube opening 53 are guaranteed to correspond, in order to make things convenient for the clamping bone nail, interior sleeve pipe opening 61 and outer tube opening 53 correspond and realize through set screw 54 and logical groove 62, during the assembly, only make set screw 54's tip and logical groove 62 corresponding, sleeve pipe 6 could insert in the outer tube 5 in the bone nail, the assembly back that targets in place, set screw 54's tip stretches into logical groove 62, sleeve pipe 6's circumferential direction carries on spacingly in the bone nail, lock screw 52's tip stretches into in the through-hole 63 for the locking, sleeve pipe 6's axial displacement carries on spacingly in the bone nail, prevent its axial displacement.
In this embodiment, the pressing plate assembly 7 includes a pressing plate 71 and a connecting shaft 72, and the connecting shaft 72 is fixedly connected to the pressing plate 71 by screws. The pressure plate 71 is an arc-shaped plate, is made of materials such as POM, PK, PEEK and the like, and can be better attached to the pelvis of a human body by adopting the arc-shaped plate. The connecting shaft 72 is provided with a circumferential positioning step 721 and a circumferential positioning groove 722. When the pressing plate assembly 7 is connected with the outer sleeve 5, one side of the pressing plate 71 faces the pelvis of the human body and is used for pushing the side of the pelvis, the connecting shaft 72 fixedly connected with the other side of the pressing plate 71 is partially inserted into the outer sleeve 5, the positioning step 721 abuts against the end surface of the outer sleeve 5, and the end part of the locking screw 52 abuts against the groove bottom surface of the positioning groove 722. The positioning step 721 can be used for controlling the insertion depth of the connecting shaft 72, so that a doctor can easily judge whether the connecting shaft is installed in place during operation, the installation is simple, convenient and fast, time is saved, and the first-aid efficiency is improved.
In the present embodiment, the push adjustment mechanism 8 includes a screw 81, a screw mount 82, a guide block 83, and a cover plate 84. The guide block 83 is fixedly connected with the end part of the right fixing frame 3 through a screw; two screw rod mounting seats 82 are arranged and respectively mounted at the left end and the right end of the guide block 83, the screw rod 81 is supported and mounted by the two screw rod mounting seats 82, and one end of the screw rod 81 penetrates out of the screw rod mounting seats 82 and then is connected with a screw rod rotation operating part; the top of the ball seat 42 in the right ball-head universal rod 4 is provided with a threaded hole 421, and the ball seat 42 is in threaded transmission connection with the screw rod 81 through the threaded hole 421. In order to make the ball seat 42 move with high precision, a cover plate 84 is fixedly arranged on the front side and the rear side of the ball seat 42 respectively, a dovetail groove 831 is arranged on the front side and the rear side of the guide block 83,
the inner side of the cover plate 84 is provided with a dovetail-shaped convex strip 841 matched with the dovetail groove 831, and the cover plate 84 is connected with the guide block 83 in a sliding mode.
In this embodiment, two vertical dovetail-shaped convex strips 832 are arranged on the left end face and the right end face of the guide block 83, two vertical dovetail grooves 821 are arranged on the inner side of the screw rod installation seat 82, the two dovetail-shaped convex strips 832 are matched with the two dovetail grooves 821, when the screw rod 81 is installed on the two screw rod installation seats 82, the screw rod installation seat 82 is inserted into the left end and the right end of the guide block 83 from bottom to top through the matching of the two dovetail grooves 821 and the two dovetail-shaped convex strips 832, and finally the screw rod installation seat is fastened by bolts.
In addition, the front side surface and the rear side surface of the screw rod mounting seat 82 are provided with a transverse third dovetail groove 822, the cross section sizes of the third dovetail groove 822 and the first dovetail groove 831 are consistent, when the screw rod mounting seat 82 and the guide block 83 are mounted together, the third dovetail groove 822 is in butt joint with the first dovetail groove 831, and the design avoids interference of the screw rod mounting seat 82 on movement of the cover plate 84.
In this embodiment, the screw rotation operation member may be a handle 91 or a hand wheel 92, and the end of the screw 81, which is used for being connected with the handle 91 or the hand wheel 92, adopts a hexagonal shaft structure. The end of the handle 91 has a hexagon socket, when in operation, the handle 91 is arranged at the end of the hexagon shaft of the screw rod 81 through the hexagon socket, the handle 91 is pulled to adjust, after the adjustment is completed, the handle 91 can be removed, the handle 91 is equivalent to a wrench, but the handle 91 has the defect of easy loss after being removed. When the handwheel 92 is adopted, the handwheel 92 can be fixedly arranged at the end part of the hexagonal shaft of the screw rod 81, so that the defect that the handle 91 is easy to lose is overcome, and the adoption of the handle 91 or the handwheel 92 is determined according to the specific requirements of doctors.
In this embodiment, the method of using the pelvic repositor includes an emergency scene using method and an operating room scene using method. The emergency scene using method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the opening angle of the left fixing frame 2 and the right fixing frame 3 is adjusted to be the maximum through the opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism 1;
the second step is that: installing a pressure plate assembly 7, and connecting the pressure plate assembly 7 with the outer sleeve 5;
the third step: the pelvis restorer is placed on the human body, so that the pressure plate components 7 are positioned at the two sides of the pelvis of the human body;
the fourth step: the opening angle of the left fixing frame 2 and the right fixing frame 3 is adjusted through the opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism 1 to be matched with the width of the pelvis of a human body;
the fifth step: the posture of the pressure plate assembly 7 is adjusted through the ball head universal rod 4, so that the pressure plates 71 in the pressure plate assembly 7 are attached to the two sides of the pelvis of the human body;
and a sixth step: the right pressing plate component 7 is pushed by the pushing and adjusting mechanism 8 to move leftwards for fine adjustment, and fine adjustment and pressurization are carried out on the pelvis.
The operating room scene using method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: bone nails are nailed into two sides of the human pelvis, and the opening angle of the left fixing frame 2 and the right fixing frame 3 is roughly adjusted through the opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism 1 so as to be matched with the width of the human pelvis;
the second step is that: installing the inner sleeve 6 of the bone nail in the outer sleeve 5;
the third step: the pelvis restorer is placed on a human body, the posture of the outer sleeve 5 is adjusted through the ball head universal rod 4, and the bone nail is inserted into the bone nail inner sleeve 6;
the fourth step: the opening angles of the left fixing frame 2 and the right fixing frame 3 are finely adjusted through the opening and closing angle adjusting mechanism 1, so that the bone nails are clamped by the bone nail inner sleeves 6 on the two sides;
the fifth step: the pushing adjusting mechanism 8 is used for pushing the bone nails on the right side to move leftwards for fine adjustment, so that the pelvis is clamped finely.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may be different in the components, the shapes of the components, the names of the components, and the like, and the above description is only an illustration of the structure of the present invention. All equivalent or simple changes in the structure, characteristics and principles of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.