CN113810321A - Modulation signal generation method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for generating modulation signals, which realize the generation of a plurality of modulation signals sharing the same hardware circuit by adopting a cooperative working mode of software and FPGA; the two-level cache is adopted to realize the real-time storage and reading of the modulation data, and all the modulation data are not required to be stored in a memory in advance; and the idea of time division multiplexing is adopted to control the data of the three storage areas to schedule and modulate the data in real time. The invention is not limited by the modulation pattern number of the modulation signal, reduces the power consumption of the modulation signal generating device, reduces the requirement on a hardware storage circuit, increases the real-time performance of the system, and can well realize the fast self-adaptive switching of various modulation signals at different moments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of modulation signal generation.
Background
Electronic reconnaissance is a special reconnaissance means, which utilizes electronic reconnaissance receiving equipment to collect weak electromagnetic signals existing in space, and identifies the characteristics of the electromagnetic signals through amplification and processing, thereby analyzing information sent by an enemy. In the simulation training of electronic reconnaissance and the performance test process of the electronic reconnaissance receiving equipment, the modulation signal generating equipment is often used for simulating an electromagnetic signal environment, and is an important matched equipment of the electronic reconnaissance receiving equipment. With the rapid development of radio technology, various new modulation techniques are emerging. From the early simple analog modulation techniques to the now sophisticated digital modulation techniques, the use of modulation techniques in radio systems has presented complications and diversification. Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of analog simulation and test of complex electromagnetic environment, the modulation signal generation equipment is required to have the capabilities of efficiently generating complex and diversified modulation signals, and simultaneously, rapidly adaptively switching various modulation signals at different moments.
Currently, some efforts have been made to study the techniques for generating modulated signals. In the document "design and implementation of communication signal source based on ARM", a hardware architecture based on ARM plus FPGA is proposed by mapplet to realize generation of modulation signal baseband data, and then an analog modulation signal is obtained through AD 9779. In the document "development of special communication signal simulator", mury proposes a hardware architecture based on an intelligent programmable LCD screen and an FPGA to realize generation of modulation signal baseband data, and then obtains an analog modulation signal through an AD 9739. The modulation signal generation technology proposed by mapples and marris realizes sharing of radio frequency circuits, but the baseband data generation circuit generates different modulation signals by using an FPGA according to different modulation patterns. The scale of such a modulation signal generation circuit increases linearly with the number of modulation patterns of the modulation signal. As the number of modulation patterns of a modulation signal increases, the logic resources of the FPGA are rapidly consumed. At the same time, consumption of logic resources also causes an increase in power consumption of the device. In the literature, "wideband multi-path modulation signal generation research", a human being proposes that a hardware architecture based on a PC plus an FPGA realizes generation of a complex modulation signal of frequency domain superposition, and then analog modulation data is obtained through a DA. In document "AD 9361-based multi-modulation signal generation", korean shipeng et al propose that FPGA implements complex modulation signal baseband data generation of code domain superposition, and then implements up-conversion and digital-to-analog conversion through AD 9361. The modulation signal generation technology proposed by anecdotal and korean penc realizes complete sharing of a circuit from a baseband to a radio frequency part, and a complex mixed signal is obtained by superposing a plurality of modulation signals in a frequency domain and a code domain by adopting mathematical transformation. However, how to generate a complex, varying modulation signal from a time domain perspective is not discussed. In document "a high-speed complex modulation signal generating apparatus and method", etc. adopt a hardware architecture of a PC plus an FPGA to generate baseband data of a modulation signal, and then perform digital-to-analog conversion by DA. This modulation signal generation technique requires that all data be generated and stored in a memory in advance, and is therefore suitable only for the case where the number of modulation signals is small. If the number of the modulation signals is large, the time for transmitting the modulation baseband data to the memory is long, the real-time performance of the system is poor, and the performance requirement of the hardware memory is high. Therefore, the existing modulation signal generation technology is obviously limited by the modulation signal patterns and the number, so that the equipment has the problems of high power consumption, poor real-time performance, high hardware requirement, no automatic switching capability of various modulation signals at different moments and the like when the number of the modulation signals or the modulation patterns is large, and the application requirement of electronic reconnaissance on the modulation signal generation equipment cannot be well met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for generating a modulation signal, which can reduce the power consumption of equipment and the requirement of hardware, improve the real-time performance and have the capability of automatically switching a plurality of modulation signals at different moments.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem comprises the following steps:
1) 3 storage areas are defined for storing data, a storage area 1 and a storage area 2 are used for storing baseband I/Q data of different modulation signals, and a storage area 3 is used for storing transmission time interval data of the modulation signals;
2) scheduling, generating and processing modulated baseband I/Q data, and the flow is as follows:
a) initializing the modulation signal serial number i to 1, and generating the transmission time interval data T of the modulation signaliAnd baseband I/Q data of the first modulation signal, and respectively transmitting the data to the storage area 3 and the storage area 1;
b) comparing the modulation signal serial number i with the number N of the modulation signals needing to be generated, if i is equal to N, jumping to the step c), otherwise, jumping to the step d);
c) reading the ith data T in the storage area 3iAccording to TiGenerating a timing control reading signal of the storage area 1, reading the data of the storage area 1, and ending the jump;
d) reading the ith data T in the storage area 3iAccording to TiGenerating a timing control reading signal of a storage area 1, reading data of the storage area 1, simultaneously generating modulation baseband I/Q data with a modulation signal serial number of I +1, and issuing the modulation baseband I/Q data to a storage area 2;
e) adding 1 to the modulation signal serial number value, comparing the modulation signal serial number i with the number N of the modulation signals needing to be generated, if i is equal to N, jumping to a step f), and if i is less than N, jumping to a step g);
f) reading the ith data T in the storage area 3iAccording to TiGenerating a timing control reading signal of the storage area 2, reading the data of the storage area 2, and ending the skipping;
g) reading the ith data T in the storage area 3iAccording to TiGenerating a timing control reading signal of the storage area 2, reading data of the storage area 2, simultaneously generating modulation baseband I/Q data with a modulation signal serial number of I +1, and issuing the modulation baseband I/Q data to the storage area 1;
h) adding 1 to the serial number value of the modulation signal, and jumping to b);
3) the modulated signal baseband I/Q data is up-converted and digital-to-analog converted.
The modulation mode is AM, FM, CW, SSB, MASK, MPSK, MFSK or MQAM; the method for generating the baseband I/Q data of the modulation signal by the AM, FM, CW and SSB modulation modes comprises the following steps: firstly, generating a modulation signal as I-path modulation data, and then obtaining Q-path modulation data by using Hilbert transform; the method for generating the baseband I/Q data of the modulation signal by the MASK, MFSK, MPSK and MQAM modulation modes comprises the following steps: firstly, modulation mapping is carried out according to an input binary sequence, then oversampling is carried out, and finally modulation baseband I/Q data are obtained through molding and filtering.
The invention also provides a modulation signal generating device suitable for the modulation signal generating method, which comprises a data generating unit, a data scheduling unit, a frequency conversion and digital-to-analog conversion unit,
the data generating unit generates baseband I/Q data of a modulation signal and a modulation signal transmitting time interval, and transmits the baseband I/Q data and the modulation signal transmitting time interval to a data storage area, and the function of the data storage area is realized by computer software;
the data scheduling unit controls the scheduling of various modulation signal baseband I/Q data and the reading of frequency control words, and sends the modulation signal baseband I/Q data and the frequency control words to the DA;
the frequency conversion and digital-to-analog conversion unit completes the orthogonal up-conversion of the digital modulation baseband I/Q data and the conversion of the digital modulation signal into an analog modulation signal.
The device of the data generation unit is a PS end of the ZNYQ chip, and the data storage area is a RAM of a PL end of the ZNYQ chip.
And the device of the data scheduling unit is a PL end of a ZNYQ chip.
The device of the frequency conversion and digital-to-analog conversion unit is a DA device with an up-conversion function.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the invention adopts the cooperative working mode of software and FPGA to realize the generation of a plurality of modulation signals sharing the same hardware circuit. Compared with a method for generating modulation signal baseband data only by using an FPGA (field programmable gate array), the method is not limited by the number of modulation patterns of the modulation signal, and the power consumption of the modulation signal generation device is reduced.
The invention adopts two-level cache to realize the real-time storage and reading of the modulation data, and does not need to store all the modulation data in a memory in advance. Compared with the modulation signal generation technology of pre-storing all modulation data in a storage area, the invention is not limited by the number of modulation signals, reduces the requirement on a hardware storage circuit, and simultaneously increases the real-time property of the system.
The invention adopts the idea of time division multiplexing to control the data of the three storage areas to schedule and modulate the data in real time, and can well realize the fast self-adaptive switching of various modulation signals at different moments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a modulated signal generation method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the schedule generation and processing modulation baseband I/Q data control of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the modulation signal generating apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, which include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
The invention provides a high-efficiency modulation signal generation method, which adopts the technical scheme as follows:
assuming that the number of modulation signals to be generated is N, the length of any one modulation signal is Li data, and the transmission time interval of the modulation signal is Ti where i is 1.
1) 3 storage areas are defined for storing data. Memory areas 1 and 2 are used to store baseband I/Q data of different modulation signals, and memory area 3 is used to store transmission time interval data of modulation signals.
2) And scheduling, generating and processing the modulated baseband I/Q data, and sending the modulated baseband I/Q data and the frequency control word into the DA. The flow of scheduling generation and processing of the modulated baseband I/Q data is as follows:
a) and initializing the serial number I of the modulation signal to be 1, generating transmission time interval data of the modulation signal and baseband I/Q data of the first modulation signal, and issuing the data to the storage area 3 and the storage area 1 respectively.
b) And judging the magnitude of the modulation signal serial number i and the modulation signal number N. If i ═ N, then jump to c), otherwise jump to d).
c) Reading the ith data Ti in the storage area 3, generating a timing control reading signal of the storage area 1 according to Ti, and reading the data of the storage area 1. And ending the jump.
d) Reading the ith data Ti in the storage area 3, generating a timing control reading signal of the storage area 1 according to Ti, and reading the data of the storage area 1. Meanwhile, the I/Q data of the modulation baseband with the modulation signal serial number of I +1 is generated and sent to the storage area 2.
e) And updating the modulation signal serial number i to i +1, and judging the sizes of the modulation signal serial number i and the modulation signal number N. If i equals N, jump to f). If i < N, jump to g).
f) Reading the ith data Ti in the storage area 3, generating a timing control reading signal of the storage area 2 according to Ti, and reading the data of the storage area 2. And ending the flow jump.
g) Reading the ith data Ti in the storage area 3, generating a timing control reading signal of the storage area 2 according to Ti, and reading the data of the storage area 2. Meanwhile, the I/Q data of the modulation baseband with the modulation signal serial number of I +1 is generated and sent to the storage area 1.
h) Updating the modulation signal sequence number i to i +1, and jumping to b).
3) The modulated signal baseband I/Q data is up-converted and digital-to-analog converted. Firstly, an up-conversion module in the DA realizes up-conversion on baseband I/Q data according to an input frequency control word. Then, an analog modulation signal is obtained through digital-to-analog conversion.
Preferably, the modulation mode is AM, FM, CW, SSB, MASK, MPSK, MFSK, MQAM.
The method for generating the modulation signal baseband I/Q data comprises the following steps: if the modulation mode is AM, FM, CW and SSB, firstly generating a modulation signal as I path modulation data, and then obtaining Q path modulation data by using Hilbert transform; if the modulation mode is MASK, MFSK, MPSK and MQAM, firstly, the modulation mapping is carried out according to the input binary sequence, then the oversampling is carried out, and finally the modulation baseband I/Q data is obtained through the shaping filtering.
Based on the modulation signal generation method, the invention provides a modulation signal generation device suitable for the modulation signal generation method.
The modulation signal generation device adopts a hardware framework which is a combination of a ZNYQ chip and a DA device with an up-conversion function. The modulation signal generation apparatus includes: the device comprises a data generation unit, a data scheduling unit, a frequency conversion unit and a digital-to-analog conversion unit.
The data generating unit mainly has the functions of generating baseband I/Q data of a modulation signal and a modulation signal transmitting time interval, and sending the baseband I/Q data and the modulation signal transmitting time interval to the data storage area, wherein the functions of the data generating unit are realized by computer software.
The data scheduling unit mainly has the functions of controlling the scheduling of various modulation signal baseband I/Q data and the reading of frequency control words, and sending the modulation signal baseband I/Q data and the frequency control words into the DA.
The frequency conversion and digital-to-analog conversion unit has the main functions of completing the orthogonal up-conversion of the digital modulation baseband I/Q data and converting the digital modulation signal into an analog modulation signal.
Preferably, the device of the data generation unit is a PS (SOC part of ARM independent from FPGA) terminal of the ZNYQ chip.
Preferably, the device of the data scheduling unit is a PL (programmable logic FPGA) terminal of the ZNYQ chip.
Preferably, the data storage area is a RAM at the PL end of the ZNYQ chip.
Preferably, the device of the frequency conversion and digital-to-analog conversion unit is a DA device with an up-conversion function.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for generating a modulation signal according to the present invention, which includes the following steps:
assuming that the number N of modulation signals in this embodiment is 5, the modulation patterns are AM, FM, MSK, BPSK, and 16QAM, the length of each modulation signal is 1024, 512, 2048, and 8192 points, and the transmission time interval of the modulation signals is 200us, 500us, 1ms, 10ms, and 5 ms.
Step 201: 3 storage areas are defined for storing data. Memory 1 and memory 2 have a depth of 65536 and a bit width of 32. The depth of the memory area 3 is 2048 and the bit width is 32. Memory areas 1 and 2 are used to store baseband I/Q data for different modulated signals and memory area 3 is used to store transmission time interval data for different modulated signals.
Step 202: and scheduling, generating and processing the modulated baseband I/Q data, and sending the modulated baseband I/Q data and the frequency control word into the DA. The control flow for scheduling generation and processing of modulated baseband I/Q data is shown in fig. 2.
Specifically, the present embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) the transmission time interval of the generated modulation signal is stored in the storage area 3, and the generated AM modulation I/Q data is stored in the storage area 1.
(2)i＝1, reading the emission time interval T of the memory area 31The AM modulation I/Q data in the read memory area 1 is fed to the DA by generating a timing control signal 200 us. At the same time, FM modulated I/Q data is generated and stored in the storage area 2.
(3) i equals 2, AM modulation data is read out, and the transmission time interval T of the memory area 3 is read out2The timing control signal is generated to read FM modulation I/Q data in the memory area 2 into the DA at 500 us. At the same time, MSK modulated I/Q data is generated and stored in the storage area 1.
(4) When the FM modulation data is read, the transmission time interval T of the storage area 3 is read3The MSK modulated I/Q data in the timing control signal read memory area 1 is generated to be fed to the DA at 1 ms. Meanwhile, BPSK modulated I/Q data is generated and stored in the memory area 2.
(5) When the MSK modulation data is read, i is 4, the transmission time interval T of the storage area 3 is read4The timing control signal is generated to read BPSK modulated I/Q data in the memory area 2 into the DA for 10 ms. At the same time, 16QAM modulated I/Q data is generated and stored in the storage area 1.
(6) When the BPSK modulation data is read, i is 5, the transmission time interval T of the memory area 3 is read5The 16QAM modulated I/Q data in the timing control signal read memory area 1 is generated to be fed to the DA for 5 ms.
Step 203: the modulated signal baseband I/Q data is up-converted and digital-to-analog converted. The DA is configured to be in a frequency conversion mode, the modulation baseband I/Q data is subjected to orthogonal up-conversion through the DA internal up-conversion module, and finally, the final analog output is obtained through digital-to-analog conversion.
In this embodiment, the modulation signal baseband I/Q data is generated as follows:
for both AM and FM modulated signals, a basic modulated signal is first generated as I-path data, and then Q-path data is generated by hilbert conversion.
For three modulation signals of MSK, BPSK and 16QAM, firstly generating an original binary sequence, carrying out modulation mapping on the binary sequence to obtain two paths of I/Q data, then carrying out oversampling processing on the modulation mapping sequences of the two paths of I/Q data, and finally realizing molding processing through a matched filter.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a modulation signal generating apparatus according to the present invention. A modulation signal generation device adopts a combination of ZNYQ7100 and AD9371 as hardware architecture, and comprises a data generation unit 11, a data scheduling unit 12 and a frequency conversion and digital-to-analog conversion unit 13. The data generating unit 11 and the data scheduling unit 12 interact with each other through an AXI bus, and the data scheduling unit 12 and the frequency conversion and digital-to-analog conversion unit 13 interact with each other through a J204B high-speed bus.
The data generating unit 11 is implemented by computer software, and mainly generates baseband I/Q data of a modulation signal and transmission time interval data of the modulation signal, and sends the generated data to a data storage area.
The data scheduling unit 12 mainly functions to control the scheduling of baseband data of various modulation signals, and send the modulated baseband data and frequency control words to the frequency conversion and digital-to-analog conversion unit 13.
The up-conversion and digital-to-analog conversion unit 13 mainly realizes up-conversion of the baseband I/Q data of the modulation signal, and converts the digital signal into an analog modulation signal.
Preferably, the data generation unit 11 selects the PS terminal whose device is ZNYQ 7100.
Preferably, the data scheduling unit 12 selects the PL terminal whose device is ZNYQ 7100.
Preferably, the data storage area is a PL side RAM of ZNYQ 7100.
Preferably, the frequency conversion and digital-to-analog conversion unit 13 selects the device to be AD 9371.
According to the embodiment of the modulation signal generation method and the device, the output and the rapid automatic switching of several modulation signals of AM, FM, MSK, BPSK and 16QAM are finally realized.
Claims (6)
1. A method for generating a modulated signal, comprising the steps of:
1) 3 storage areas are defined for storing data, a storage area 1 and a storage area 2 are used for storing baseband I/Q data of different modulation signals, and a storage area 3 is used for storing transmission time interval data of the modulation signals;
2) scheduling, generating and processing modulated baseband I/Q data, and the flow is as follows:
a) initializing the modulation signal serial number i to 1, and generating the transmission time interval data T of the modulation signaliAnd baseband I/Q data of the first modulation signal, and respectively transmitting the data to the storage area 3 and the storage area 1;
b) comparing the modulation signal serial number i with the number N of the modulation signals needing to be generated, if i is equal to N, jumping to the step c), otherwise, jumping to the step d);
c) reading the ith data T in the storage area 3iAccording to TiGenerating a timing control reading signal of the storage area 1, reading the data of the storage area 1, and ending the jump;
d) reading the ith data T in the storage area 3iAccording to TiGenerating a timing control reading signal of a storage area 1, reading data of the storage area 1, simultaneously generating modulation baseband I/Q data with a modulation signal serial number of I +1, and issuing the modulation baseband I/Q data to a storage area 2;
e) adding 1 to the modulation signal serial number value, comparing the modulation signal serial number i with the number N of the modulation signals needing to be generated, if i is equal to N, jumping to a step f), and if i is less than N, jumping to a step g);
f) reading the ith data T in the storage area 3iAccording to TiGenerating a timing control reading signal of the storage area 2, reading the data of the storage area 2, and ending the skipping;
g) reading the ith data T in the storage area 3iAccording to TiGenerating a timing control reading signal of the storage area 2, reading data of the storage area 2, simultaneously generating modulation baseband I/Q data with a modulation signal serial number of I +1, and issuing the modulation baseband I/Q data to the storage area 1;
h) adding 1 to the serial number value of the modulation signal, and jumping to b);
3) the modulated signal baseband I/Q data is up-converted and digital-to-analog converted.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the modulation scheme is AM, FM, CW, SSB, MASK, MPSK, MFSK, or MQAM; the method for generating the baseband I/Q data of the modulation signal by the AM, FM, CW and SSB modulation modes comprises the following steps: firstly, generating a modulation signal as I-path modulation data, and then obtaining Q-path modulation data by using Hilbert transform; the method for generating the baseband I/Q data of the modulation signal by the MASK, MFSK, MPSK and MQAM modulation modes comprises the following steps: firstly, modulation mapping is carried out according to an input binary sequence, then oversampling is carried out, and finally modulation baseband I/Q data are obtained through molding and filtering.
3. A modulated signal generating apparatus for implementing the method of claim 1, comprising a data generating unit, a data scheduling unit, a frequency converting and digital-to-analog converting unit,
the data generating unit generates baseband I/Q data of a modulation signal and a modulation signal transmitting time interval, and transmits the baseband I/Q data and the modulation signal transmitting time interval to a data storage area, and the function of the data storage area is realized by computer software;
the data scheduling unit controls the scheduling of various modulation signal baseband I/Q data and the reading of frequency control words, and sends the modulation signal baseband I/Q data and the frequency control words to the DA;
the frequency conversion and digital-to-analog conversion unit completes the orthogonal up-conversion of the digital modulation baseband I/Q data and the conversion of the digital modulation signal into an analog modulation signal.
4. The modulation signal generating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the device of the data generating unit is a PS terminal of a ZNYQ chip, and the data storage area is a RAM of a PL terminal of the ZNYQ chip.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the device of the data scheduling unit is the PL terminal of a ZNYQ chip.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the device of the frequency conversion and digital-to-analog conversion unit is a DA device with an up-conversion function.
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