CN113809367A - Control method and control device for fuel cell system - Google Patents
Control method and control device for fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113809367A CN113809367A CN202111262061.1A CN202111262061A CN113809367A CN 113809367 A CN113809367 A CN 113809367A CN 202111262061 A CN202111262061 A CN 202111262061A CN 113809367 A CN113809367 A CN 113809367A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04761—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell exhausts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention provides a control method and a control device of a fuel cell system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a fuel cell system controller acquires a fuel cell system inclination angle; comparing the inclination angle of the fuel cell system with a first threshold value, or comparing the change rate of the inclination angle of the fuel cell system with a second threshold value to obtain a comparison result, wherein the comparison result comprises that the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than the first threshold value, and/or the change rate of the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than the second threshold value; and adjusting basic parameters of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result, realizing internal drainage of the fuel cell system and enabling the fuel cell system to operate at high efficiency. The invention realizes the active regulation of the internal drainage of the fuel cell system and ensures the high-efficiency operation of the fuel cell system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a control method and a control device of a fuel cell system.
Background
The fuel cell is a new type of electrochemical power generation device, which breaks the mode of power generation through a thermo-mechanical process, and directly converts chemical energy stored in a fuel and an oxidant into electric energy in such a manner that the fuel undergoes a chemical reaction through an electrolyte. The fuel cell generates electricity and a large amount of water, and most of the generated water is in a gas-liquid mixed state. The vigorous popularization of the fuel cell system in the medium and long-distance heavy trucks is one of important technical routes for realizing the strategic goals of carbon neutralization and carbon peak reaching in China, is different from the commercial vehicle scenes of public transportation groups and the like which are vigorously developed at home and abroad in the last years, and is relatively more rigorous in the operating environment and road state of heavy trucks. The high-power fuel cell system is applied to heavy trucks such as dump trucks and often subjected to the working condition of large-angle inclination; the gravity caused by the inclination angle influences the drainage of the galvanic pile. In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a control method and a control device for a fuel cell system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a control method and a control device of a fuel cell system; the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, there is provided a fuel cell system control method including:
a fuel cell system controller acquires a fuel cell system inclination angle;
comparing the inclination angle of the fuel cell system with a first threshold value, or comparing the change rate of the inclination angle of the fuel cell system with a second threshold value to obtain a comparison result, wherein the comparison result comprises that the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than the first threshold value, and/or the change rate of the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than the second threshold value;
and adjusting the basic parameters of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result to realize internal drainage of the fuel cell system and enable the fuel cell system to operate at high efficiency.
In an alternative embodiment, the comparison result further comprises:
the fuel cell system inclination angle is not greater than the first threshold value, and/or the fuel cell system inclination angle change rate is not greater than the second threshold value;
the adjusting the basic parameters of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result comprises the following steps:
and opening a hydrogen discharge valve to discharge water.
In an alternative embodiment, the opening the hydrogen discharge valve to discharge water includes:
searching a corresponding reference hydrogen exhaust valve opening parameter correction value according to the fuel cell system inclination angle;
adjusting the opening parameter of the hydrogen discharge valve according to the corrected value;
and opening the hydrogen exhaust valve according to the adjusted opening parameter of the hydrogen exhaust valve to discharge water.
In an alternative embodiment, the comparison result further comprises:
the fuel cell system inclination angle is less than a third threshold;
the adjusting the basic parameters of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result comprises the following steps:
and the fuel cell system controller controls the basic parameters of the fuel cell system to return to the reference parameters for operation.
In an optional embodiment, the method further comprises:
acquiring a target power requirement of an automobile;
obtaining a control current according to the automobile target power demand and a standard P-I curve;
and controlling the supply of fuel and oxidant of the fuel cell system, the working temperature of the fuel cell system, and the opening period and the opening duration of the reference hydrogen exhaust valve according to the control current.
In an alternative embodiment, said adjusting said fuel cell system basis parameter based on said comparison comprises:
and adjusting any one of the air quantity, the air flow rate and the hydrogen discharge quantity of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result.
In an alternative embodiment, before the fuel cell system controller obtains the fuel cell system inclination angle, the method further comprises:
the fuel cell system controller performs self-check.
In another aspect, there is provided a fuel cell system control apparatus, the apparatus including:
the fuel cell stack is provided with a fuel cell stack,
the angle sensor, the air inlet system, the hydrogen circulating system and the hydrogen exhaust system are all connected with the fuel cell stack;
the fuel cell system controller is connected with the angle sensor, the air inlet system, the hydrogen circulating system and the hydrogen exhaust system;
the angle sensor is used for acquiring the inclination angle of the fuel cell system, and the fuel cell system controller is used for controlling the air intake system, the hydrogen circulation system and the hydrogen exhaust system according to the inclination angle so as to enable the fuel cell system to operate at high efficiency.
In an alternative embodiment, the air intake system comprises: an air pump connected with the fuel cell stack.
In an optional embodiment, the air intake system further comprises a filter connected to the air pump, the filter being configured to filter out impurities in the air.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen discharge system includes a first hydrogen discharge valve connected to the cathode side of the fuel cell stack, and a second hydrogen discharge valve connected to the anode side of the fuel cell stack.
In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a fuel supply connected to the fuel cell stack.
In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a temperature sensor assembly comprising an inlet temperature sensor at the fuel cell stack inlet and an outlet temperature sensor at the fuel cell stack outlet;
the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor are connected with the fuel cell system controller.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen circulation system comprises a hydrogen circulation pump, one end of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected with the hydrogen cylinder, and the other end of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected with the hydrogen pump.
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
when the fuel cell system provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to a vehicle, due to the fact that different driving road conditions of the vehicle generate an inclination angle, the fuel cell system generates a certain inclination angle, when the inclination angle is too large, water generated in the fuel cell system cannot be discharged, and a local flooding problem occurs, the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is obtained through a fuel cell system controller (FCU), the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is compared with a first threshold value, or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is compared with a second threshold value, when the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than the first threshold value, or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is larger than the second threshold value, basic parameters of the fuel cell system are adjusted, active adjustment of internal drainage of the fuel cell system is realized, and high-efficiency operation of the fuel cell system is ensured.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a fuel cell system control method;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a fuel cell system control method;
fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system control device.
Wherein the reference numerals are:
100-fuel cell stack, 101-fuel cell system controller, 1-angle sensor, 2-air inlet system, 21-air pump, 22-filter, 3-hydrogen circulation system, 4-hydrogen discharge system, 41-first hydrogen discharge valve, 42-second hydrogen discharge valve.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The term "include" and variations thereof as used herein is meant to be inclusive in an open-ended manner, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "or" means "and/or". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like may refer to different or the same object. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.
The fuel cell is a conversion device which converts chemical energy in hydrogen and oxygen in air into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and generates a large amount of water along with the electricity generation, wherein the generated water is mostly in a gas-liquid mixed state. The vigorous spread of fuel cell systems in medium and long haul heavy duty trucks is one of the important technical routes to achieve the national 'carbon neutralization, carbon peak-to-peak' strategic goals. Different from commercial vehicle scenes such as public transportation groups and the like which are vigorously developed at home and abroad in the last years, the operation environment and the road state of heavy-duty vehicles are relatively more severe. When the high-power fuel cell system is applied to heavy truck vehicles such as dump trucks, the high-power fuel cell system is always subjected to the working condition of large-angle inclination; the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is increased under the large-angle inclination working condition, so that the gravity of water inside the fuel cell stack is increased, and drainage is influenced. In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a fuel cell system control method, which aims to solve the above problems.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a fuel cell system control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes:
s101, a fuel cell system controller acquires a fuel cell system inclination angle;
s102, comparing the inclination angle of the fuel cell system with a first threshold value, and/or comparing the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system with a second threshold value to obtain a comparison result, wherein the comparison result comprises that the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than the first threshold value, and/or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is larger than the second threshold value;
s103, adjusting basic parameters of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result, realizing internal drainage of the fuel cell system and enabling the fuel cell system to operate at high efficiency.
When the fuel cell system provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to a vehicle, due to the fact that different driving road conditions of the vehicle can generate an inclination angle, the fuel cell system can generate a certain inclination angle, when the inclination angle is too large, water generated in the fuel cell system cannot be discharged, and the problem of local flooding occurs, the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is obtained through a fuel cell system controller (FCU), the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is compared with a first threshold value, or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is compared with a second threshold value, when the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than the first threshold value, or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is larger than the second threshold value, basic parameters of the fuel cell system are adjusted, active adjustment of water discharge in the fuel cell system is realized, and high-efficiency operation of the fuel cell system is ensured.
The fuel cell system control method provided by the embodiment of the invention will be further explained and described below by way of alternative embodiments.
S101, the fuel cell system controller acquires the inclination angle of the fuel cell system,
It should be noted that the fuel cell system controller (FCU) is a control "brain" of the fuel cell system, and mainly implements online detection, real-time control, and fault diagnosis of the fuel cell system, so as to ensure stable and reliable operation of the fuel cell system. The operating conditions, such as the pressure and humidity of the reaction gas, the internal humidity and temperature of the galvanic pile, directly affect the performance and the service life of the galvanic pile. Wherein, the gas circuit management function mainly realizes carrying out reasonable accurate control to the humidity of required hydrogen of fuel cell system and air, flow, pressure and temperature etc.. The water heat management function mainly realizes the control and regulation of the circulation, heating and heat dissipation of a cooling water channel and the temperature of air and cooling water, and improves the power of a fuel cell system and the reliability and stability of operation. The electrical management function mainly realizes the detection of the voltage and the current of the fuel cell system stack, adjusts the output power, controls the voltage of the fuel cell system in a reasonable interval, consumes the shutdown residual electric quantity, protects and controls the voltage and the current, and the like. The data communication function mainly realizes communication with other systems and interaction of important data information and control. The fault diagnosis function mainly realizes the functions of fault diagnosis, warning, alarming, protection and the like on all aspects of gas circuits, water heating, electricity, communication and systems.
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention can acquire the inclination angle of the fuel cell by arranging the angle sensor on the fuel cell system, and the angle sensor is connected with the fuel cell system controller and sends the measured data of the inclination angle of the fuel cell system to the fuel cell system controller.
S102, comparing the inclination angle of the fuel cell system with a first threshold value, and/or comparing the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system with a second threshold value to obtain a comparison result, wherein the comparison result comprises that the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than the first threshold value, or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is larger than the second threshold value.
It can be understood that, when the vehicle is in a road condition with a large gradient or in a climbing stage, the inclination angle of the vehicle may become large, and since the inclination angle change rate of the vehicle may become large during the driving process of the vehicle, the inclination angle of the fuel cell system correspondingly disposed inside the vehicle may also become large, and the inclination angle change rate may also change together with the inclination angle change rate of the vehicle. And obtaining a comparison result by comparing the inclination angle of the fuel cell system with the first threshold value and comparing the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system with the second threshold value. Or the fuel cell system inclination angle may be compared with any one of the first threshold value and the rate of change of the fuel cell system inclination angle with the second threshold value, resulting in a comparison result.
It should be noted that the first threshold value provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a threshold value determined at the initial calibration of the fuel cell system, that is, a maximum threshold value of the fuel cell system determined under standard conditions, and the first threshold value may be determined by an exhaust gas emission concentration safety value and an exhaust valve flow characteristic of the fuel cell system.
The safety value of the exhaust emission concentration refers to a specified range for the exhaust emission generated by the fuel cell system, and the exhaust emission concentration safety value provided by the embodiment of the invention is the exhaust emission concentration safety value when the exhaust emission is in the specified range. The exhaust valve flow characteristic refers to the performance of an exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system, the exhaust amount is limited by the mechanical characteristics of the exhaust valve, an upper limit value exists, the exhaust amount at least cannot exceed the upper limit value of the exhaust valve, otherwise, the exhaust valve is damaged due to overlarge exhaust amount.
The second threshold may be a threshold determined at the time of calibration based on fuel cell system dynamics at the beginning of fuel cell system fabrication. By comparing the fuel cell system inclination angle with the second threshold value, the inclination angle change rate condition of the fuel cell system can be obtained. The second threshold may be determined by the stack characteristics of the fuel cell system and the response time of components used with the fuel cell system, for example, a slow response time for the tail gate valve to open may result in a non-timely drain. As an example, when the fuel cell stack design is particularly sensitive to liquid water, the fuel cell stack design is affected by an excessive change rate of the external inclination angle, and the water produced by the cathode reaction is not easily discharged, which may cause unstable performance.
S103, adjusting basic parameters of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result, realizing internal drainage of the fuel cell system and enabling the fuel cell system to operate at high efficiency.
As an example, when the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than a first threshold value or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is larger than a second threshold value, basic parameters of the fuel cell system are adjusted, internal water drainage of the fuel cell system is achieved, and the fuel cell system can operate efficiently. As another example, when the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is greater than a first threshold value and the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is greater than a second threshold value, the basic parameters of the fuel cell system are adjusted to realize the internal water drainage of the fuel cell system, so that the fuel cell system operates at high efficiency.
In an alternative embodiment, adjusting the fuel cell system base parameter based on the comparison comprises: any one of the air amount, the air flow rate, and the hydrogen discharge amount of the fuel cell system is adjusted according to the comparison result.
Further, when the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than a first threshold value, or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is larger than a second threshold value, any one of the air amount, the air flow rate and the hydrogen discharge amount of the fuel cell system is adjusted.
As an example, the air intake of the fuel cell system is actively adjusted before the fuel cell system is not flooded, so as to avoid the water discharge burden of the fuel cell system from being increased due to too large air intake. It should be noted that the air intake amount can be determined by the current corresponding to the air intake amount and the preparation characteristics of the galvanic pile, and the air flow rate of the cathode side can be improved by adjusting the air intake amount, so that the situation that the cathode liquid water is too much and cannot be taken out of the galvanic pile is avoided.
As an example, the air flow rate and the hydrogen discharge parameter of the fuel cell system are actively adjusted before the fuel cell system is not flooded, so as to reduce the hydrogen discharge amount of the fuel cell system and avoid the waste of hydrogen.
As an example, the second hydrogen exhaust valve of the fuel cell system is actively adjusted before the fuel cell system is not flooded, and the air flow can be synchronously increased, and the partial air flow increase can dilute the tail exhaust hydrogen concentration and improve the water discharge efficiency in the fuel cell system stack.
It should be noted that the air amount, the air flow rate and the hydrogen discharge amount of the fuel cell system may be adjusted simultaneously, or only one or two of them may be adjusted, and the specific situation may be determined according to the needs, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
In an alternative embodiment, the comparison further comprises:
the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is not larger than a first threshold value, and/or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is not larger than a second threshold value;
adjusting the fuel cell system basic parameters according to the comparison result, comprising:
and opening a hydrogen discharge valve to discharge water.
It can be understood that, when the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is not greater than the first threshold, or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is not greater than the second threshold, it indicates that the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is not large, or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is not large, and the water discharge of the fuel cell system is not affected, at this time, the water discharge of the fuel cell system can be completed by adjusting the basic parameters of the fuel cell system, and further, the water discharge can be performed by opening the hydrogen discharge valve.
As another example, when the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is not greater than the first threshold value and the change rate of the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is not greater than the second threshold value, the above-described manner of opening the hydrogen discharge valve is also applied to the water discharge.
In an alternative embodiment, the opening of the hydrogen discharge valve for discharging water comprises:
searching a corresponding reference hydrogen exhaust valve opening parameter correction value according to the inclination angle of the fuel cell system;
adjusting the opening parameter of the hydrogen discharge valve according to the corrected value;
and opening the hydrogen exhaust valve according to the adjusted opening parameter of the hydrogen exhaust valve to discharge water.
It can be understood that the fuel cell system has a calibrated reference hydrogen discharge valve opening parameter aiming at different fuel cell system inclination angles at the beginning of preparation, therefore, when the hydrogen discharge valve is opened for water discharge, the fuel cell inclination angle detected by the angle sensor can be searched and compared with the reference hydrogen discharge valve parameter, a corrected value of the hydrogen discharge valve opening parameter is found, the hydrogen discharge valve opening parameter is adjusted according to the corrected value, and the hydrogen discharge valve is opened for water discharge according to the adjusted hydrogen discharge valve reopening parameter. Thus, the efficiency and accuracy of the drainage of the fuel cell stack are improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the comparison further comprises:
the fuel cell system inclination angle is less than a third threshold;
adjusting the fuel cell system basic parameters according to the comparison result, comprising:
the fuel cell system controller controls the basic parameters of the fuel cell system to return to the reference parameters for operation.
The third threshold is a corresponding inclination angle threshold of which the water discharge capacity in the fuel cell system electric pile is not influenced by gravity, is determined by the current working condition corresponding to the fuel cell system and the preparation of the fuel cell system electric pile, and is obtained by calibrating at the beginning of preparing the fuel cell system.
It can be understood that when the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is smaller than the third threshold, it indicates that the fuel cell system returns to the flat bottom or the road running with a lower inclination angle of the road condition, and at this time, the flooding condition of the fuel cell system does not occur, so that the fuel cell system controller does not need to adjust, and the fuel cell system controller controls the basic parameters of the fuel cell system to return to the reference parameters for operation.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises:
acquiring a target power requirement of an automobile;
obtaining a control current according to the automobile target power demand and a standard P-I curve;
and controlling the supply of fuel and oxidant of the fuel cell system, the working temperature of the fuel cell system, and the opening period and the opening duration of the reference hydrogen exhaust valve according to the control current.
It should be noted that the FCU obtains a target power demand of the vehicle for the fuel cell system, that is, a power demand required by the vehicle during normal running, according to the target power demand of the vehicle and a standard P-I curve, a control current is obtained, the standard P-I curve is a relation curve table of power and current obtained at the initial calibration of the fuel cell system preparation, the control current can be obtained by searching the standard P-I curve, and the supply of fuel and oxidant of the fuel cell system, the operating temperature of the fuel cell system, and the opening period and the opening duration of the reference hydrogen exhaust valve are controlled according to the control current.
In an alternative embodiment, before the fuel cell system controller obtains the tilt angle of the fuel cell system, the method further comprises:
the fuel cell system controller performs self-check.
It can be understood that, before the fuel cell system is started up for use, the fuel cell system is initialized, and the fuel cell system controller performs self-checking to ensure that each functional index of the fuel cell system is qualified and can normally operate.
Further, referring to fig. 2, when the vehicle is started, the FCU is turned on, the FCU receives the target power Pre transmitted by the VCU or the vehicle upper computer, and then the inclination angle α of the fuel cell system is synchronously monitored and obtained by the angle sensor, and then the control current I corresponding to the target power is obtained by looking up a table according to the P-I curve, and the corresponding hydrogen, the air flow, the pressure, the temperature, and the opening time and the opening period of the reference hydrogen exhaust valve are adapted according to the control current I, and the opening parameter correction value of the corresponding reference hydrogen exhaust valve is found according to the inclination angle α, and the hydrogen exhaust valve is opened according to the found opening parameter correction value of the reference hydrogen exhaust valve, and whether the inclination angle α exceeds the threshold b, that is, the first threshold provided by the embodiment of the present invention, or whether the inclination angle change exceeds the threshold c, that is, the second threshold provided by the embodiment of the present invention, or the inclination angle change exceeds the threshold c, and actively adjusting the air flow of the fuel cell system according to the inclination angle alpha, improving the air flow rate, optimizing the water discharge in the fuel cell stack, and diluting the concentration of the corresponding tail discharged hydrogen. The inclination angle alpha of the fuel cell system is collected in real time through the angle sensor, whether the inclination angle alpha is smaller than a threshold value d, namely a third threshold value provided by the embodiment of the invention, if the inclination angle alpha is smaller than the threshold value d, the FCU controls the corresponding executive component of the fuel cell system to execute a reference parameter, namely an initial valve opening parameter, according to an exhaust valve, the air flow recovers to a corresponding current reference value, and the FCU receives a VCU shutdown command and then shuts down.
On the other hand, referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a fuel cell system control apparatus, including: a fuel cell stack 100, an angle sensor 1, an air intake system 2, a hydrogen circulation system 3, and a hydrogen discharge system 4, and a fuel cell system controller 101;
the angle sensor 1, the air inlet system 2, the hydrogen circulating system 3 and the hydrogen discharging system 4 are all connected with the fuel cell stack 100;
the fuel cell system controller 101 is connected with the angle sensor 1, the air intake system 2, the hydrogen circulation system 3 and the hydrogen exhaust system 4;
wherein the angle sensor 1 is used for acquiring the inclination angle of the fuel cell system 100, and the fuel cell system controller 101 is used for controlling the air intake system 2, the hydrogen circulation system 3 and the hydrogen discharge system 4 according to the inclination angle so as to operate the fuel cell system 100 with high efficiency.
The fuel cell system control device provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to vehicles, and because different driving road conditions of the vehicles can generate an inclination angle, a fuel cell system can generate a certain inclination angle, when the inclination angle is too large, water generated in the fuel cell system cannot be discharged, and a local flooding problem occurs, the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is obtained through the angle sensor 1 arranged in the fuel cell system controller 101 (FCU), the monitored angle is transmitted to the FCU, and when the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than a first threshold value or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is larger than a second threshold value, the FCU adjusts basic parameters of the fuel cell system, so that internal drainage of the fuel cell system is realized, and high-efficiency operation of the fuel cell system is ensured.
It should be noted that the apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention may implement the above-mentioned receiving, processing and comparing of the data transmitted by the angle sensor 1 based on the FCU itself, and perform the result processing according to the comparison result, that is, the implementation of the above-mentioned comparison step and control method does not involve any algorithm process.
In an alternative embodiment, the air intake system 2 comprises: an air pump 21, the air pump 21 being connected to the fuel cell stack 100.
In an alternative embodiment, the air intake system 2 further comprises a filter 22, the filter 22 is connected to the air pump 21, and the filter 22 is used for filtering out impurities in the air.
As an example, before the fuel cell system is not flooded, the air pump 21 is adjusted by the FCU, so as to actively adjust the air flow rate and the hydrogen discharge parameter of the fuel cell system, thereby reducing the hydrogen discharge amount of the fuel cell system and avoiding the waste of hydrogen.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen discharge system 4 includes a first hydrogen discharge valve 4141 connected to the cathode side of the fuel cell stack 100 and a second hydrogen discharge valve 4242 connected to the anode side of the fuel cell stack 100.
When the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is not greater than the first threshold value, or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is not greater than the second threshold value, it is indicated that the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is not large, or the inclination angle change rate of the fuel cell system is not large, and the water drainage of the fuel cell system is not affected, at this time, the water drainage of the fuel cell system can be completed by adjusting basic parameters of the fuel cell system through the FCU, and further, the water drainage can be performed by opening the second hydrogen drainage valve 4242.
In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a fuel supply, which is connected to the fuel cell stack 100.
When fuel needs to be supplied to the fuel cell system, the fuel supply unit is controlled by the FCU to operate, and fuel is supplied to the fuel cell stack 100.
In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a temperature sensor assembly comprising an inlet temperature sensor and an outlet temperature sensor, the inlet temperature sensor being located at the inlet of the fuel cell stack 100, the outlet temperature sensor being located at the outlet of the fuel cell stack 100;
the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor are connected to the fuel cell system controller 101.
By arranging the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the fuel cell system can be monitored in real time, and convenience is brought to better control of the fuel cell system.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen circulation system 3 comprises a hydrogen circulation pump, one end of which is connected to the hydrogen cylinder and the other end of which is connected to the hydrogen pump.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell system control method, characterized by comprising:
a fuel cell system controller acquires a fuel cell system inclination angle;
comparing the inclination angle of the fuel cell system with a first threshold value, or comparing the change rate of the inclination angle of the fuel cell system with a second threshold value to obtain a comparison result, wherein the comparison result comprises that the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than the first threshold value, and/or the change rate of the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is larger than the second threshold value;
and adjusting the basic parameters of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result to realize internal drainage of the fuel cell system and enable the fuel cell system to operate at high efficiency.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the comparing further comprises:
the fuel cell system inclination angle is not greater than the first threshold value, and/or the fuel cell system inclination angle change rate is not greater than the second threshold value;
the adjusting the basic parameters of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result comprises the following steps:
and opening a hydrogen discharge valve to discharge water.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the opening of the hydrogen discharge valve for discharging comprises:
searching a parameter correction value of opening a hydrogen exhaust valve of a corresponding reference hydrogen exhaust valve according to the inclination angle of the fuel cell system;
adjusting the opening parameter of the hydrogen discharge valve according to the corrected value;
and opening the hydrogen exhaust valve according to the adjusted opening parameter of the hydrogen exhaust valve to discharge water.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the comparing further comprises:
the fuel cell system inclination angle is less than a third threshold;
the adjusting the basic parameters of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result comprises the following steps:
and the fuel cell system controller controls the basic parameters of the fuel cell system to return to the reference parameters for operation.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring a target power requirement of an automobile;
obtaining a control current according to the automobile target power demand and a standard P-I curve;
and controlling the supply of fuel and oxidant of the fuel cell system, the working temperature of the fuel cell system, and the opening period and the opening duration of the reference hydrogen exhaust valve according to the control current.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein said adjusting said fuel cell system basis parameter based on said comparison comprises:
and adjusting any one of the air quantity, the air flow rate and the hydrogen discharge quantity of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to the fuel cell system controller obtaining a fuel cell system tilt angle, the method further comprises:
the fuel cell system controller performs self-check.
8. A fuel cell system control apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
the fuel cell stack is provided with a fuel cell stack,
the angle sensor, the air inlet system, the hydrogen circulating system and the hydrogen exhaust system are all connected with the fuel cell stack;
the fuel cell system controller is connected with the angle sensor, the air inlet system, the hydrogen circulating system and the hydrogen exhaust system;
the angle sensor is used for acquiring the inclination angle of the fuel cell system, and the fuel cell system controller is used for controlling the air intake system, the hydrogen circulation system and the hydrogen exhaust system according to the inclination angle so as to enable the fuel cell system to operate at high efficiency.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the air intake system comprises: an air pump connected with the fuel cell stack.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the air intake system further comprises a filter connected to the air pump, the filter for filtering out impurities in the air.
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| CN202111262061.1A CN113809367A (en) | 2021-10-28 | 2021-10-28 | Control method and control device for fuel cell system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114388856A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-22 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Control method, device, equipment and medium for tail exhaust valve of fuel cell system |
| CN114551943A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-27 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Air quantity control method and system for fuel cell system |
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2021
- 2021-10-28 CN CN202111262061.1A patent/CN113809367A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114388856A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-22 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Control method, device, equipment and medium for tail exhaust valve of fuel cell system |
| CN114551943A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-27 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Air quantity control method and system for fuel cell system |
| CN114551943B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2023-09-26 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Method and system for controlling air volume of fuel cell system |
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