CN113804465B - Restraint device for frame fatigue test and frame fatigue test system - Google Patents
Restraint device for frame fatigue test and frame fatigue test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113804465B CN113804465B CN202111107000.8A CN202111107000A CN113804465B CN 113804465 B CN113804465 B CN 113804465B CN 202111107000 A CN202111107000 A CN 202111107000A CN 113804465 B CN113804465 B CN 113804465B
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- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
- G01M17/06—Steering behaviour; Rolling behaviour
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a restraint device for a frame fatigue test and a frame fatigue test system, wherein the restraint device comprises a rigid primary suspension height simulator and an elastic primary suspension elastic simulator, and the primary suspension elastic simulator is arranged at the bottom end of the primary suspension height simulator; a simulated axle box, wherein a simulated primary suspension assembly is arranged on the simulated axle box through a primary suspension elastic simulator; the first suspension elastic simulator body is elastically deformed when being subjected to external force so as to flexibly restrain the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation axle box, and the test force is transmitted to the simulation axle box through the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation first suspension assembly. The device and the system restore the real stress state of the primary suspension tool, and generate elastic deformation when the primary suspension tool is subjected to external force so as to flexibly restrict the side beams of the framework to be tested and the simulated axle boxes, restore the load transmission path of the real axle boxes and ensure the accuracy of the fatigue test result of the bogie framework.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of bogie testing, in particular to a restraint device for a framework fatigue test and a framework fatigue test system.
Background
At present, the bogie frame mainly verifies the fatigue reliability through a bench test, and a rigid tool is generally used for replacing an original elastic suspension element in the test process to simulate the stress state of the frame. The hydraulic servo control system is used for controlling the actuator to apply various loads to the framework and simulate the vertical, transverse, longitudinal, torsion and other related loads generated by various parts of the vehicle body and the bogie to the framework. Although the load can be accurately applied to the test framework through the rigid test tool, whether the framework constraint mode is consistent with the actual condition directly influences the effectiveness and the authenticity of the test. Unreasonable constraint mode can cause the load to be unable to transmit along actual transmission route, causes local load to concentrate, forms unreasonable damage, even destroys.
The existing bogie frame fatigue test constraint tool can ensure test loading frequency, but uses a full-rigid tool to carry out constraint, and is inconsistent with the actual stress state of the frame. The vertical constraint fixture is arranged at the position of the primary suspension mounting seat, the difference exists between the vertical constraint fixture and the actual stress position, and the transverse constraint rigidity and the longitudinal constraint rigidity are different from the actual constraint rigidity.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a restraint device for a frame fatigue test and a frame fatigue test system, which are used for solving the problems that the existing test tool uses a rigid tool to simulate the stress state of a frame, so that load cannot be transmitted along an actual force transmission path, and further load concentration and tool damage are generated. A second object of the present application is to provide a frame fatigue testing system comprising the above-described frame fatigue testing restraint device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
A restraint device for a frame fatigue test, comprising:
the system comprises a system suspension assembly, a system suspension assembly and a system suspension assembly, wherein the system suspension assembly comprises a rigid system suspension height simulator and a flexible system suspension elastic simulator, and the system suspension elastic simulator is arranged at the bottom end of the system suspension height simulator;
the simulated primary suspension assembly is arranged on the simulated axle box through the primary suspension elastic simulation body;
The primary suspension elastic simulation body is elastically deformed when being subjected to external force so as to flexibly restrain the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation axle box, and the test force is transmitted to the simulation axle box through the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation primary suspension assembly.
Preferably, the axle box further comprises an actual axle box bearing and a simulated axle;
The outer ring of the actual axle box bearing is fixed with the inner wall of the simulated axle box, and the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing is fixed with the simulated axle;
the inner wall circumference of simulation axle box is encircled and is equipped with the bearing spacing groove, the bearing spacing groove is followed the axial setting of actual axle box bearing is used for limiting to the axial displacement of actual axle box bearing.
Preferably, the axle box rotating arm comprises an axle box rotating arm body, an axle box rotating arm body and an elastic actual positioning node part;
one end of the axle box simulating rotary arm is fixed with the axle box simulating rotary arm, the other end of the axle box simulating rotary arm is sleeved with the actual positioning node part, and the axle box simulating rotary arm can rotate around the actual positioning node part;
the two ends of the actual positioning node part are detachably connected with the rotating arm positioning seats of the framework to be tested.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
One end of the vertical constraint component is fixed on the workbench surface, and the other end of the vertical constraint component is fixed with the simulated axle and is positioned at the center of a wheel of a bogie where the framework to be tested is positioned;
the vertical constraint assembly comprises an axle transition block, a vertical supporting rod, a first force transducer, a spherical hinge piece and a fixed plate which are sequentially arranged, wherein two ends of the vertical supporting rod are respectively and fixedly connected with the axle transition block and the first force transducer, and two ends of the spherical hinge piece are respectively connected with the first force transducer and the fixed plate;
The axle transition block comprises a positioning surface and a third positioning piece, the positioning surface is attached to the circumferential side wall of the simulated axle, and the third positioning piece is used for fixing the axle transition block and the simulated axle;
the fixing plate is used for being fixed with the working table surface;
When the framework to be tested receives a vertical force, the vertical force is transmitted to the vertical constraint assembly through the simulation primary suspension assembly, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle box, and vertical load measurement is carried out through the first load cell.
Preferably, further comprising a test force constraint assembly comprising:
The first spherical hinge assembly is used for being connected with the simulated axle and/or the simulated axle box;
the pull rod unit is detachably connected with the first spherical hinge assembly;
the second spherical hinge assembly is detachably connected with the pull rod unit;
One end of the connecting plate is connected with the second spherical hinge assembly, and the other end of the connecting plate is used for being connected with the fixed table top for supporting;
and the second force transducer is used for detecting the testing force of the framework to be tested.
Preferably, the pull rod unit includes:
the first mounting plate is detachably connected with the first spherical hinge assembly;
The second mounting plate is detachably connected with the second spherical hinge assembly;
the two ends of the pull rod in the length direction are detachably connected with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate respectively;
the force measuring installation piece is used for installing the second force measuring sensor, and two ends of the force measuring installation piece along the length direction are detachably connected with the first installation plate and the second installation plate respectively so as to be detached after force measuring is completed.
Preferably, the force measuring mount is fixed to both ends of the second force measuring sensor in a length direction, and the force measuring mount includes:
the force measuring mounting seat is fixed at the centers of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate;
One end of the force measuring installation rod is fixedly connected with the force measuring installation seat, and the other end of the force measuring installation rod is fixedly connected with the second force measuring sensor;
the number of the pull rods is a plurality of, and all the pull rods are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.
Preferably, the test force restraining assembly is a longitudinal test force restraining assembly, and the first spherical hinge assembly is connected with the simulated axle;
And one part of the longitudinal test force is transmitted to the longitudinal test force restraining component through the framework to be tested, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle, and the other part of the longitudinal test force is transmitted to the longitudinal test force restraining component through the simulation primary suspension component, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle.
Preferably, the test force restraining assembly is a lateral test force restraining assembly, the lateral test force restraining assembly further comprising:
The test force transition seat is of a box structure, one of parallel side walls of the test force transition seat is connected with the first spherical hinge assembly, and the other side wall of the test force transition seat is detachably connected with the simulated axle;
And one part of the transverse test force is transmitted to the transverse test force restraining component through the simulation axle box and the simulation axle through the framework to be tested, and the other part of the transverse test force is transmitted to the transverse test force restraining component through the simulation primary suspension component, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle.
Preferably, the primary suspension elastic simulation body further comprises a primary mounting plate and a primary suspension elastic piece;
The primary mounting plate is detachably connected to the upper part of the simulated axle box, a hollow accommodating cavity is formed in the center of the upper surface of the primary mounting plate, an upper opening of the hollow accommodating cavity is communicated with the outside, and the primary suspension elastic piece is arranged in the hollow accommodating cavity;
The upper surface of the primary suspension elastic piece and the circumferential side wall of the upper opening form a limit groove, and the primary suspension height simulator is arranged in the limit groove for limiting.
Preferably, the dummy axle box includes:
The device comprises a first bearing clamping block and a second bearing clamping block which are detachably connected, wherein bearing mounting holes are formed between the first bearing clamping block and the second bearing clamping block, and the hole depth direction of the bearing mounting holes is parallel to the direction of a cross beam of a framework to be tested;
The actual axle box bearing is arranged in the bearing mounting hole, and the bearing limiting groove is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the bearing mounting hole.
Preferably, the simulated axlebox swivel arm comprises:
the device comprises a mounting part, a node lower supporting plate and a rotating arm connecting seat, wherein the mounting part is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting groove is parallel to a cross beam of a framework to be tested, the node lower supporting plate is detachably connected below the mounting groove, the node lower supporting plate and the mounting groove form a containing cavity, and the actual positioning node part is arranged in the containing cavity;
the two ends of the actual positioning node part are protruded out of the end wall of the mounting groove, and the rotating arm connecting seat is used for fixing the two ends of the actual positioning node part with the rotating arm positioning seat of the framework to be tested.
Preferably, the simulated axle is arranged in parallel with a cross beam of the framework to be tested, and two ends of the simulated axle are respectively connected with the simulated axle boxes; the simulated axle comprises a box beam and a circular shaft;
The circular shaft is longitudinally arranged at two ends of the box girder, the circular shaft comprises a circular shaft body and a circular shaft mounting plate, the circular shaft body is sleeved and fixed on an inner ring of the actual axle box bearing, the circular shaft mounting plate is fixed at the end part of the circular shaft body, and the circular shaft mounting plate is detachably connected with the box girder.
Preferably, the lateral wall of circle axle body evenly is equipped with a plurality of mounting hole along the axial, the simulation axletree still includes:
the axle positioning ring is sleeved on the round axle body and comprises a first positioning piece and a second positioning piece, the first positioning piece is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the axle positioning ring, and the first positioning piece is detachably connected with the mounting hole;
the second locating piece is arranged on the end wall of the axle locating ring and is longitudinally arranged, and the second locating piece is fixed with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing.
Preferably, the vertical restraint assembly and the second positioning piece are respectively pressed and connected with two ends of the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing along the axial direction so as to fix the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing with the circular shaft body.
Preferably, the analog axlebox further comprises:
The bearing positioning ring is sleeved on the round shaft body and is attached to two end walls of the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing;
the vertical constraint component is in compression joint with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing through the bearing positioning ring;
The second positioning piece can move towards a direction approaching to or away from the bearing positioning ring so as to be in pressure connection with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing through the bearing positioning ring;
The second positioning piece is a threaded fastener.
The restraint device for the fatigue test of the framework provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a series of simulation suspension components, a series of simulation devices and a series of simulation devices, wherein the series of simulation devices comprise a rigid series of suspension height simulation bodies and a series of elastic suspension simulation bodies, and the series of suspension elastic simulation bodies are arranged at the bottom ends of the series of suspension height simulation bodies; a simulated axle box, wherein a simulated primary suspension assembly is arranged on the simulated axle box through a primary suspension elastic simulator; the first suspension elastic simulator body is elastically deformed when being subjected to external force so as to flexibly restrain the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation axle box, and the test force is transmitted to the simulation axle box through the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation first suspension assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the restraint device for the fatigue test of the framework has the following technical effects:
Setting a series of suspension height simulators and a series of suspension elastic simulators to restore the real stress state of the series of suspension tools, and releasing and simulating the degree of freedom between the series of suspension assemblies and the simulation axle boxes through the series of suspension elastic simulators; when external force is applied, elastic deformation occurs so as to flexibly restrain the side beams of the framework to be tested and the simulated axle boxes, restore the load transmission path of the real axle boxes and ensure the accuracy of the fatigue test result of the bogie framework.
In order to achieve the second objective, the present application further provides a frame fatigue testing system, which includes any one of the above-mentioned restraint devices for frame fatigue testing, and because the above-mentioned restraint devices for frame fatigue testing have the above-mentioned technical effects, the frame fatigue testing system having the restraint devices for frame fatigue testing should also have corresponding technical effects.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a restraint device for fatigue testing of a framework according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an installation structure of a simulated axle box according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a simulated axle provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a vertical restraint assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a test force containment assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a test force containment assembly according to another embodiment of the present application.
The figures are marked as follows:
bogie frame 10, simulated axle 20, vertical restraint assembly 30, test force restraint assembly 40, simulated axle box 50, simulated primary suspension assembly 60, simulated axle box swivel arm 70, actual axle box bearing 80;
the actual positioning node section 100;
the axle comprises a round axle body 21, a mounting hole 22, an axle locating ring 23, a box beam 24 and a round axle mounting plate 25;
The axle transition block 31, the vertical supporting rod 32, the first force transducer 33, the spherical hinge 34 and the fixing plate 35;
The first spherical hinge assembly 41, the pull rod unit 42, the second force sensor 43, the second spherical hinge assembly 44, the connecting plate 45 and the test force transition seat 46;
a first bearing clamping block 51, a second bearing clamping block 52, and a bearing positioning ring 53;
a series of suspension height simulators 61 and a series of suspension elasticity simulators 62;
Node bottom plate 71, rocking arm connecting seat 72.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a restraint device for a frame fatigue test and a frame fatigue test system, which are used for solving the problems that the existing test tool simulates the stress state of a frame by using a rigid tool, so that load cannot be transmitted along an actual force transmission path, and further load concentration and tool damage are generated.
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application and not exhaustive of all embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a restraint device for fatigue testing of a bogie frame 10 according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an installation structure of a dummy axle box 50 according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the structure of FIG. 2; fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in fig. 3.
In one embodiment, the present application provides a restraint device for fatigue testing of a bogie frame 10, comprising a simulated primary suspension assembly 60 and a simulated axle box 50. Wherein the simulated primary suspension assembly 60 comprises a rigid primary suspension height simulator 61 and a resilient primary suspension elastic simulator 62, the primary suspension elastic simulator 62 being disposed at the bottom end of the primary suspension height simulator 61; the first suspension height simulator 61 may be composed of a cross support frame, an upper base plate and a lower base plate, the upper base plate and the lower base plate being respectively disposed at both ends of the cross support frame in the length direction; the stiffness of the primary suspension height simulator 61 is equivalent to the lateral and longitudinal stiffness of the primary suspension tooling. The primary suspension elastic simulator 62 may be configured as a rubber pad or a rubber disc spring, and may be configured as an elastic structure as desired, while remaining within the scope of the present application. Preferably, the suspension analog body and the suspension height analog body 61 are fixedly connected, such as clamped, or the suspension height analog body 61 sits on the suspension analog body. The primary suspension assembly 60 is mounted to the axle housing 50 by a primary suspension spring simulator 62; the primary suspension elastic simulator 62 elastically deforms when subjected to an external force, flexibly constrains the side members of the frame to be tested and the dummy axle boxes 50, and the test force is transmitted to the dummy axle boxes 50 via the side members of the frame to be tested and the dummy primary suspension assembly 60. The arrangement reduces the real load transmission path in a connection mode between the bogie frame 10 and the axle box, and improves the accuracy of the test result.
Compared with the prior art, the restraint device for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10 provided by the embodiment of the application has the following technical effects:
A series suspension height simulator 61 and a series suspension elastic simulator 62 are arranged to restore the true stress state of the series suspension fixture, and the degree of freedom between the series suspension assembly 60 and the simulation axle box 50 is released and simulated through the series suspension elastic simulator 62; when an external force is applied, the bogie frame is elastically deformed so as to flexibly restrain the side beams of the to-be-tested frame and the simulated axle boxes 50, restore the load transmission path of the real axle boxes and ensure the accuracy of the fatigue test result of the bogie frame 10.
Meanwhile, in order to further restore the connection state between the axle housing and the axle, the above-described restraining device further includes an actual axle housing bearing 80 and a dummy axle 20. The outer ring of the actual axle box bearing 80 is fixed with the inner wall of the simulated axle box 50, and the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing 80 is fixed with the simulated axle 20; the true stress state of the bogie frame 10 is restored by providing the actual axlebox bearings 80 to release the rotational degrees of freedom of the dummy axlebox 50 in the axial direction of the dummy axle 20. The inner wall circumference of the simulated axle box 50 is circumferentially provided with a bearing limit groove, and the bearing limit groove is arranged along the axial direction of the actual axle box bearing 80 and is used for limiting the axial movement of the actual axle box bearing 80, thereby realizing the fixation of the simulated axle box 50 and the actual axle box bearing 80. In other embodiments, the securing may also be by a keyed connection.
As shown in fig. 3, in particular, further includes a simulated axlebox swivel arm 70 and an elastic actual positioning node 100; one end of the axle box simulating rotary arm 70 is fixed with the axle box simulating 50, the other end is sleeved with an actual positioning node part 100, and the axle box simulating rotary arm 70 can rotate around the actual positioning node part 100; thereby to simulate the real load transmission path, releasing the degrees of freedom and further restoring the real stress state of the bogie frame 10. Wherein, both ends of the actual positioning node part 100 are used for being detachably connected with the rotating arm positioning seats of the framework to be tested.
It can be seen that the above device flexibly constrains the axle box 50 and the bogie frame 10 through the suspension elastic simulation body 62, flexibly constrains the axle box 20 and the axle box 50 through the arrangement of the actual axle box bearings 80, and flexibly constrains the axle box swivel arm 70 and the bogie frame 10 through the actual positioning node 100, so as to release the rotational freedom of the constraint device, and restore the true stress state of the frame, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test result of the bogie frame 10.
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical constraint assembly 30 according to an embodiment of the present application; specifically, in order to further improve the accuracy of the test result, the restraint device further includes a vertical restraint assembly 30, one end of the vertical restraint assembly 30 is fixed on the working table, and the other end is fixed with the simulated axle 20 and is located at the center of the wheel of the bogie where the framework to be tested is located; this is arranged so that the transfer of vertical loads is closer to the real load transfer path. The vertical constraint assembly 30 comprises an axle transition block 31, a vertical supporting rod 32, a first force transducer 33, a spherical hinge 34 and a fixed plate 35 which are sequentially arranged, wherein two ends of the vertical supporting rod 32 are respectively and fixedly connected with the axle transition block 31 and the first force transducer 33, and two ends of the spherical hinge 34 are respectively connected with the first force transducer 33 and the fixed plate 35; the axle transition block 31 comprises a positioning surface and a third positioning piece, wherein the positioning surface is attached to the circumferential side wall of the simulated axle 20, and is an arc surface; the third positioning piece is used for fixing the axle transition block 31 and the simulated axle 20; the third positioning member may be provided as a threaded fastener; the fixing plate 35 is used for fixing with the working table; when the frame to be tested is subjected to vertical forces, the vertical forces are transmitted to the vertical restraint assembly 30 through the simulated primary suspension assembly 60, the simulated axle box 50 and the simulated axle 20, and vertical load measurements are made through the first load cell 33. The first load cell 33 is a load cell.
7-8, FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a test force restraint assembly 40 provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application; fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a test force restraint assembly 40 according to another embodiment of the application. On the basis of the above embodiments, the test force restraining assembly 40 is further included, and the test force restraining assembly 40 includes:
the first spherical hinge assembly 41, the first spherical hinge assembly 41 is used for being connected with the simulated axle 20 and/or the simulated axle box 50;
the pull rod unit 42, the pull rod unit 42 is detachably connected with the first spherical hinge assembly 41;
The second spherical hinge assembly 44, the second spherical hinge assembly 44 is detachably connected with the pull rod unit 42;
the connecting plate 45, one end of the connecting plate 45 is connected with the second spherical hinge assembly 44, and the other end of the connecting plate 45 is used for being connected with the fixed table top for supporting;
And the second load cell 43 is used for detecting the testing force of the framework to be tested. The test force restraining assembly 40 prevents the loads from affecting each other by providing a degree of freedom for the release of the ball pivot assembly.
Specifically, the tie rod unit 42 includes a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate, and a tie rod. The first mounting plate is detachably connected with the first spherical hinge assembly 41; the second mounting plate is detachably connected with the second spherical hinge assembly 44; the two ends of the pull rod along the length direction are respectively detachably connected with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate; the pull rod can be arranged as a screw rod, and the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are fixed through nuts; the number of the pull rods is a plurality of so as to ensure that the structural strength meets the test requirement; all the pull rods are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and in one embodiment, the number of the pull rods is four, and the four pull rods are arranged at the top angles of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate;
The force measuring installation piece is used for installing the second force measuring sensor 43, and two ends of the force measuring installation piece along the length direction are respectively detachably connected with the first installation plate and the second installation plate so as to be detached after the force measuring is completed. The second force sensor 43 is installed in the pull rod unit 42 through a force measuring installation piece, and after the second force sensor 43 completes the static strength test, the force measuring installation piece and the second force sensor 43 are detached together, so that a replacement tool is arranged to prolong the service life of the second force sensor 43. Specifically, the force measuring mounting piece can be fixed with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate through threaded fasteners, and after the force measuring mounting piece is removed, the force measuring mounting piece is replaced by a pull rod so as to meet the strength requirement required by testing.
Further, force measuring mounts are fixed to both ends in the length direction of the second force sensor 43, the force measuring mounts including:
The force measuring mounting seat is fixed at the centers of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate; the force measuring mounting seat is detachably and fixedly connected with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, for example, by a threaded fastener;
One end of the force measuring mounting rod is fixedly connected with the force measuring mounting seat, and the other end of the force measuring mounting rod is fixedly connected with the second force measuring sensor 43;
the number of the pull rods is a plurality of, and all the pull rods are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.
In one embodiment, the test force restraining assembly 40 is a longitudinal test force restraining assembly 40, and the first ball pivot assembly 41 is coupled to the simulated axle 20; some of the longitudinal test forces are transferred through the frame under test, the dummy axle box 50, the dummy axle 20 to the longitudinal test force restraint assembly 40, and other portions of the longitudinal test forces are transferred through the dummy primary suspension assembly 60, the dummy axle box 50, the dummy axle 20 to the longitudinal test force restraint assembly 40.
In another embodiment, the test force restraining assembly 40 is a lateral test force restraining assembly 40, the lateral test force restraining assembly 40 further includes a test force transition seat 46, the test force transition seat 46 is a box structure, one of parallel sidewalls of the test force transition seat 46 is connected with the first ball pivot assembly 41, and the other is detachably connected with the simulated axle 20; a portion of the lateral test force is transferred through the frame under test, through the dummy axle box 50, the dummy axle 20, to the lateral test force restraint assembly 40, and another portion of the lateral test force is transferred through the dummy primary suspension assembly 60, the dummy axle box 50, the dummy axle 20, to the lateral test force restraint assembly 40.
Specifically, the primary suspension elastic simulator 62 further includes a primary mounting plate and a primary suspension elastic member;
The first mounting plate is detachably connected above the simulated axle box 50, a hollow accommodating cavity is arranged in the center of the upper surface of the first mounting plate, an upper opening of the hollow accommodating cavity is communicated with the outside, and the first hanging elastic piece is arranged in the hollow accommodating cavity; the upper surface of the first suspension elastic piece and the circumferential side wall of the upper opening form a limit groove, the first suspension height simulation body 61 is located in the limit groove for limiting, the other end of the first suspension height simulation body 61 is provided with a clamping piece which is matched with a clamping hole of the first suspension installation seat in a clamping way, and meanwhile the first suspension height simulation body 61 is sleeved in a hollow cavity of the first suspension installation seat for limiting. In another embodiment, when the suspension springs are springs, the suspension height simulator 61 may be bonded or welded to the suspension springs.
In order to realize the installation and fixation of the actual axle box bearing 80 on the simulated axle box 50, the simulated axle box 50 comprises a first bearing clamping block 51 and a second bearing clamping block 52 which are detachably connected, a bearing installation hole 22 is arranged between the first bearing clamping block 51 and the second bearing clamping block 52, and the hole depth direction of the bearing installation hole 22 is parallel to the beam direction of the framework to be tested; the actual axlebox bearing 80 is arranged in the bearing mounting hole 22, and the bearing limit groove is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the bearing mounting hole 22. The first bearing clamping block 51 and the second bearing clamping block 52 are provided with bolt mounting holes 22, fixing is achieved through cooperation of the bolts and the bolt mounting holes 22, the bolts are preferably four, and the first bearing clamping block 51 and the second bearing clamping block 52 form a rectangular box body. The actual axlebox bearing 80 is fixed to the bearing mounting hole 22 by bolts to limit axial movement of the actual axlebox bearing 80.
In order to realize the installation of the actual positioning node part 100, the simulated axle box rotating arm 70 comprises an installation part, a node lower supporting plate 71 and a rotating arm connecting seat 72, wherein the installation part is provided with an installation groove, the groove depth direction of the installation groove is parallel to a beam of the framework to be tested, the installation groove is preferably an arc-shaped groove, the actual positioning node part 100 is provided with a first shaft part, a central shaft part and a second shaft part, the diameters of the first shaft part and the second shaft part are smaller than those of the central shaft part, the installation groove is matched with the central shaft part, the node lower supporting plate 71 is detachably connected below the installation groove, the node lower supporting plate 71 and the installation groove form a containing cavity, and the central shaft part of the actual positioning node part 100 is arranged in the containing cavity; the two ends of the actual positioning node part 100 protrude out of the end wall of the mounting groove, and the rotating arm connecting seat 72 is used for fixing the two ends of the actual positioning node part 100 with the rotating arm positioning seat of the framework to be tested. The lower surfaces of the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion are respectively provided with a limiting plane, and the upper surface of the rotating arm connecting seat 72 is matched with the limiting plane so as to limit the rotation of the actual positioning node portion 100 around the axis of the rotating arm connecting seat, and fix the actual positioning node portion 100 and the rotating arm positioning seat.
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulated axle 20 according to an embodiment of the present application; in one embodiment, the simulated axle 20 is arranged in parallel with the cross beam of the frame to be tested, and the two ends of the simulated axle 20 are respectively connected with the simulated axle boxes 50; the simulated axle 20 includes a box beam 24 and a circular shaft; the round shaft is longitudinally arranged at two ends of the box beam 24, the round shaft comprises a round shaft body 21 and a round shaft mounting plate 25, the round shaft body 21 is sleeved and fixed on an inner ring of an actual axle box bearing 80, the round shaft mounting plate 25 is fixed at the end part of the round shaft body 21, the round shaft mounting plate 25 is detachably connected with the box beam 24, and the box beams 24 with different lengths can be arranged to adapt to different types of frames to be tested, so that the universality of the device is improved.
In order to further improve the universality of the device, the side wall of the round axle body 21 is uniformly provided with a plurality of mounting holes 22 along the axial direction, the simulated axle 20 further comprises an axle locating ring 23, the axle locating ring 23 is sleeved on the round axle body 21, the axle locating ring 23 comprises a first locating piece and a second locating piece, the first locating piece is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the axle locating ring 23, and the first locating piece is detachably connected with the mounting holes 22; the length between the two axle boxes 50 is fine-tuned by the cooperation of the first positioning member and the mounting hole 22 to further satisfy the beam length requirements of different frames to be tested. The first positioning member may be a pin or a bolt. Meanwhile, a second positioning member is provided on the end wall of the axle positioning ring 23 and is provided in the longitudinal direction, and the second positioning member is fixed with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing 80, thereby achieving fixation of the dummy axle 20 and the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing 80. Further, the vertical restraint assembly 30 and the second positioning member are respectively pressed against both ends of the inner ring of the actual axlebox bearing 80 in the axial direction to fix the inner ring of the actual axlebox bearing 80 with the circular axlebox body 21. Through the arrangement mode, the fixing of the simulated axle 20 and the actual axle box bearing 80 is simplified, holes are not needed to be formed in the simulated axle 20 and the actual axle box bearing 80 or other fixing structures are not needed to be installed, and the disassembly is convenient after the test is completed.
Specifically, the axle box 50 further includes a bearing positioning ring 53, sleeved on the circular axle body 21, and attached to two end walls of the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing 80; the vertical restraint assembly 30 is in pressure connection with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing 80 through the bearing positioning ring 53; the second positioning piece can move in a direction approaching or separating from the bearing positioning ring 53 so as to be in pressure contact with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing 80 via the bearing positioning ring 53; the second positioning piece is a threaded fastener. The second locating piece is a threaded fastener, a threaded hole is formed in the axle locating ring 23, and the second locating piece moves along the axial direction through threaded screwing engagement.
Based on the restraint device for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10 provided in the above embodiment, the application also provides a system for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10, the system for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10 comprises any one of the restraint devices for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10 in the above embodiment, and the restraint device for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10 in the above embodiment is adopted in the system for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10, so the beneficial effects of the system for fatigue test of the bogie frame 10 please refer to the above embodiment.
While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, it is intended that the present application also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (13)
1. A restraint device for a frame fatigue test, comprising:
The system comprises a system suspension assembly, a system suspension assembly and a system suspension assembly, wherein the system suspension assembly comprises a rigid system suspension height simulator and a flexible system suspension elastic simulator, and the system suspension elastic simulator is arranged at the bottom end of the system suspension height simulator; the primary suspension height simulation body comprises a cross support frame, an upper bottom plate and a lower bottom plate, wherein the upper bottom plate and the lower bottom plate are respectively arranged at two ends of the cross support frame in the length direction, so that the rigidity of the primary suspension height simulation body is equivalent to the transverse rigidity and the longitudinal rigidity of the primary suspension tool;
the primary suspension elastic simulation body comprises a primary mounting plate and a primary suspension elastic piece;
The primary mounting plate is detachably connected above the simulated axle box, a hollow accommodating cavity is formed in the center of the upper surface of the primary mounting plate, an upper opening of the hollow accommodating cavity is communicated with the outside, and the primary suspension elastic piece is arranged in the hollow accommodating cavity;
The upper surface of the primary suspension elastic piece and the circumferential side wall of the upper opening form a limit groove, and the primary suspension height simulator is arranged in the limit groove for limiting;
the simulated primary suspension assembly is arranged on the simulated axle box through the primary suspension elastic simulation body;
the primary suspension elastic simulation body is elastically deformed when being subjected to external force so as to flexibly restrain the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation axle box, and the test force is transmitted to the simulation axle box through the side beam of the framework to be tested and the simulation primary suspension assembly;
The device also comprises an actual positioning node part for simulating axle box rotating arms and elasticity;
one end of the axle box simulating rotary arm is fixed with the axle box simulating rotary arm, the other end of the axle box simulating rotary arm is sleeved with the actual positioning node part, and the axle box simulating rotary arm can rotate around the actual positioning node part;
wherein, two ends of the actual positioning node part are used for being detachably connected with a rotating arm positioning seat of the framework to be tested;
the device also comprises an actual axle box bearing and a simulated axle;
The outer ring of the actual axle box bearing is fixed with the inner wall of the simulated axle box, and the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing is fixed with the simulated axle;
The inner wall circumference of the simulation axle box is surrounded by a bearing limit groove, and the bearing limit groove is arranged along the axial direction of the actual axle box bearing and is used for limiting the axial movement of the actual axle box bearing
Further comprises:
One end of the vertical constraint component is fixed on the workbench surface, and the other end of the vertical constraint component is fixed with the simulated axle and is positioned at the center of a wheel of a bogie where the framework to be tested is positioned;
the vertical constraint assembly comprises an axle transition block, a vertical supporting rod, a first force transducer, a spherical hinge piece and a fixed plate which are sequentially arranged, wherein two ends of the vertical supporting rod are respectively and fixedly connected with the axle transition block and the first force transducer, and two ends of the spherical hinge piece are respectively connected with the first force transducer and the fixed plate;
The axle transition block comprises a positioning surface and a third positioning piece, the positioning surface is attached to the circumferential side wall of the simulated axle, and the third positioning piece is used for fixing the axle transition block and the simulated axle;
the fixing plate is used for being fixed with the working table surface;
When the framework to be tested receives a vertical force, the vertical force is transmitted to the vertical constraint assembly through the simulation primary suspension assembly, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle box, and vertical load measurement is carried out through the first load cell.
2. The truss fatigue testing restraint apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a testing force restraint assembly, the testing force restraint assembly comprising:
the first spherical hinge assembly is used for being connected with the simulated axle and/or the simulated axle box;
the pull rod unit is detachably connected with the first spherical hinge assembly;
the second spherical hinge assembly is detachably connected with the pull rod unit;
One end of the connecting plate is connected with the second spherical hinge assembly, and the other end of the connecting plate is used for being connected with the fixed table top for supporting;
and the second force transducer is used for detecting the testing force of the framework to be tested.
3. The truss fatigue testing restraint device of claim 2, wherein the tie bar unit includes:
the first mounting plate is detachably connected with the first spherical hinge assembly;
The second mounting plate is detachably connected with the second spherical hinge assembly;
the two ends of the pull rod in the length direction are detachably connected with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate respectively;
the force measuring installation piece is used for installing the second force measuring sensor, and two ends of the force measuring installation piece along the length direction are detachably connected with the first installation plate and the second installation plate respectively so as to be detached after force measuring is completed.
4. A truss fatigue testing restraint according to claim 3, wherein the load cell mounts are secured to both ends of the second load cell in the length direction, the load cell mounts comprising:
the force measuring mounting seat is fixed at the centers of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate;
One end of the force measuring installation rod is fixedly connected with the force measuring installation seat, and the other end of the force measuring installation rod is fixedly connected with the second force measuring sensor;
the number of the pull rods is a plurality of, and all the pull rods are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.
5. The truss fatigue testing restraint device of claim 2 wherein the test force restraint assembly is a longitudinal test force restraint assembly, the first ball pivot assembly being connected to the simulated axle;
And one part of the longitudinal test force is transmitted to the longitudinal test force restraining component through the framework to be tested, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle, and the other part of the longitudinal test force is transmitted to the longitudinal test force restraining component through the simulation primary suspension component, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle.
6. The truss fatigue testing restraint apparatus of claim 2 wherein the test force restraint assembly is a lateral test force restraint assembly, the lateral test force restraint assembly further comprising:
The test force transition seat is of a box structure, one of parallel side walls of the test force transition seat is connected with the first spherical hinge assembly, and the other side wall of the test force transition seat is detachably connected with the simulated axle;
And one part of the transverse test force is transmitted to the transverse test force restraining component through the simulation axle box and the simulation axle through the framework to be tested, and the other part of the transverse test force is transmitted to the transverse test force restraining component through the simulation primary suspension component, the simulation axle box and the simulation axle.
7. The truss fatigue testing restraint apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dummy axle housing includes:
The device comprises a first bearing clamping block and a second bearing clamping block which are detachably connected, wherein bearing mounting holes are formed between the first bearing clamping block and the second bearing clamping block, and the hole depth direction of the bearing mounting holes is parallel to the direction of a cross beam of a framework to be tested;
The actual axle box bearing is arranged in the bearing mounting hole, and the bearing limiting groove is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the bearing mounting hole.
8. The truss fatigue testing restraint apparatus of claim 1, wherein the simulated axlebox swivel arm comprises:
the device comprises a mounting part, a node lower supporting plate and a rotating arm connecting seat, wherein the mounting part is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting groove is parallel to a cross beam of a framework to be tested, the node lower supporting plate is detachably connected below the mounting groove, the node lower supporting plate and the mounting groove form a containing cavity, and the actual positioning node part is arranged in the containing cavity;
the two ends of the actual positioning node part are protruded out of the end wall of the mounting groove, and the rotating arm connecting seat is used for fixing the two ends of the actual positioning node part with the rotating arm positioning seat of the framework to be tested.
9. The restraining device for a frame fatigue test according to claim 1, wherein the simulated axle is arranged in parallel with a cross beam of a frame to be tested, and both ends of the simulated axle are respectively connected with the simulated axle boxes; the simulated axle comprises a box beam and a circular shaft:
The circular shaft is longitudinally arranged at two ends of the box girder, the circular shaft comprises a circular shaft body and a circular shaft mounting plate, the circular shaft body is sleeved and fixed on an inner ring of the actual axle box bearing, the circular shaft mounting plate is fixed at the end part of the circular shaft body, and the circular shaft mounting plate is detachably connected with the box girder.
10. The truss fatigue testing restraint device of claim 9, wherein the sidewall of the circular shaft body is uniformly provided with a plurality of mounting holes along the axial direction, and the simulated axle further comprises:
the axle positioning ring is sleeved on the round axle body and comprises a first positioning piece and a second positioning piece, the first positioning piece is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the axle positioning ring, and the first positioning piece is detachably connected with the mounting hole;
the second locating piece is arranged on the end wall of the axle locating ring and is longitudinally arranged, and the second locating piece is fixed with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing.
11. The truss fatigue testing restraint device of claim 10, wherein the vertical restraint assembly and the second positioning member are respectively crimped to both ends of the inner race of the actual axle box bearing in an axial direction to fix the inner race of the actual axle box bearing with the circular shaft body.
12. The truss fatigue testing restraint apparatus of claim 11, wherein the dummy axle housing further comprises:
The bearing positioning ring is sleeved on the round shaft body and is attached to two end walls of the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing;
the vertical constraint component is in compression joint with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing through the bearing positioning ring;
The second positioning piece can move towards a direction approaching to or away from the bearing positioning ring so as to be in pressure connection with the inner ring of the actual axle box bearing through the bearing positioning ring;
The second positioning piece is a threaded fastener.
13. A frame fatigue testing system comprising a frame fatigue testing restraint device according to any one of claims 1-12.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111107000.8A CN113804465B (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | Restraint device for frame fatigue test and frame fatigue test system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111107000.8A CN113804465B (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | Restraint device for frame fatigue test and frame fatigue test system |
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| CN113804465A CN113804465A (en) | 2021-12-17 |
| CN113804465B true CN113804465B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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